Shark perch pike fish dolphin mammal. Which fish eats which? Predatory lake fish. Predatory fish of the sea. Who are the fish
Expansion of ideas about the underwater world of seas, rivers, lakes and their inhabitants. About fish, their appearance, lifestyle and habits. Clarification, expansion and activation of the dictionary on the topic.
Dear parents! theme of this weeks « Undersea world. Fishes» . We offer you some recommendations on working with children to consolidate this topic.
Children must learn: the main names of aquatic inhabitants, body parts of fish, habitat, what they eat; fish products, seafood, fisherman, fish factory.
The child's vocabulary should include words: fish, snail, frog, marine fish, marine animals; feed, food; swim, crawl, catch; predators, pond, lake, reservoir, sea, river, hunting; carp, perch, catfish, pike, shark, whale, seahorse, jellyfish, octopus; body, fin, tail, gills, scales; toothy, predatory, long, mustachioed, striped, silvery; catch, hunt, swim, eat, breed, hide.
1. Tell your child about the inhabitants underwater world (seas, rivers, ocean, lakes).
2. Pay attention to the habits, nutrition, structure of these animals.
3. Answer the questions: what do fish have instead of legs? Why can they breathe in water?
4. Review the illustrations with your child underwater inhabitants of the seas, rivers. lakes..
Grammar
1
"The fourth extra
»
(name an extra item
explain your choice using words "because")
Shark, whale, dolphin, ruff.
fins, wool, scales, gills.
Puddle, sea, river, aquarium. .
Shark, moray eel, pike, swordtail.
2.
"Call it sweetly"
(formation of diminutive adjectives)
crucian - carp(dolphin, pike, frog, shrimp, crayfish, ruff, catfish)
3.
"Giants"
(formation of the word-formation skill of nouns with magnifying suffixes)
Minnow - minnow
4.
"Count the Catch"
(coordination of numerals with nouns in gender, number and case):
One gudgeon, three minnow, five minnows
(Scalar, frog, jellyfish, swordsman, pike, snail, octopus, cancer whale, walrus, goldfish, shark, crucian carp, turtle, shrimp, pink salmon)
5.
"Whose?
»
(formation of possessive adjectives)
The shark's head is... shark.
A pike has fins - ... A frog has paws - ...
A fish has eyes - ... A turtle has a shell - ...
The whale has a tail - ... The dolphin has eyes - ...
6. "Yummy » (what can be cooked from fish and seafood?)
7. Memorize a poem by Irina Tokmakova "Where does the fish sleep?"
Dark at night. Quiet at night.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
The fox trail leads to the hole,
Dog's footprint - to the kennel.
Belkin's trail leads to a hollow,
Myshkin - to a hole in the floor.
It is a pity that in the river, on the water,
There are no traces of you anywhere.
Only darkness, only silence.
Fish, fish, where do you sleep?
8. Make and explain riddles by topic:
Here - where we do not throw our eyes -
Water blue expanse.
In it, the wave rises as a wall,
White crest above the wave.
And sometimes it's quiet here.
Did everyone recognize him? (Sea)
There was a rumor about him:
Eight legs and a head.
To make it worse for everyone
He releases ink. (Octopus)
I explain to the child
To avoid errors:
I am a beast, I breathe air
But it looks like a big fish.
In water polo I'm agile
And I play ball with the children. (Dolphin)
A block rose above the water -
This is a very angry fish.
Showed her fin
And disappeared again in an instant. (Shark)
Connected speech. Make up a story according to the algorithm.
WHO IS IT?
COLOR
BODY PARTS
WHAT IS THE BODY COVERED WITH?
WHERE DOES YOU LIVE?
BENEFITS TO HUMANS
Fish are a superclass of aquatic vertebrates. They are characterized by gill breathing. They are distributed in both fresh and salt waters; both in mountain streams and in deep ocean trenches. These creatures play a critical role in many aquatic ecosystems and are of great economic importance to humans. This is their brief description. As you may have guessed, this article will focus on fish, in particular the predatory inhabitants of the underwater kingdom. We will tell you about the most famous and striking predators: you will find out what they eat and what kind of fish eats.
Some lyrics...
As a rule, on a fine sunny day, the water surface reminds us of a large mirror. One has only to look into this "mirror", as clouds floating through the heavens, as well as trees leaning over a reservoir, will be immediately visible in it. At this moment it may seem that the reservoir is empty and dead, but it is not at all! In fact, life is in full swing under this mirror surface! Sometimes there even flare up serious passions. One of the main characters in this underwater "play" are fish. You won’t immediately understand which fish eats which, but it happens there with enviable regularity!
Who are the fish?
We have presented a brief scientific description of these animals above. In simple terms, fish are usually called all vertebrates that inhabit fresh and salt water sources. Almost all fish have paired limbs, represented by fins, and their respiratory organs are gills. From the point of view of zoological classification, fish is a common name that unites 6 independent classes (groups) that differ from each other in one way or another, one of which indicates that the fish belongs to predatory or peaceful individuals. In this article, we are more interested in predators. Let's find out which fish eats which.
perch
This is a typical inhabitant of fresh water bodies of our country. Common perch belongs to the most numerous class of highly organized fish - to ray-finned ones. Its body is laterally compressed, has an oval shape and consists of three sections: head, torso, tail. Perch, like all other fish, breathes with gills, so oxygen is vital to it. And he has it, but not quite the same as ours: fish extract oxygen not from the air, but from the water. To do this, the fish is forced to swallow air through the mouth, driving it through the gill cavity, located under the gill covers.
What does the common perch eat?
Common perch is a predatory lake fish. It is found in rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs in Europe and North Asia. The perch was brought to Africa, New Zealand, Australia. The diet of these fish is made up of others. Initially, the perch fry feed on zooplankton, and as soon as they grow up, they begin to hunt the young of other perch and cyprinids. These fish begin to feed on fry of other relatives, as a rule, in the second year of their life. With age, the common perch turns to hunting for larger and more mobile fish.
How do perches hunt?
Adults are agile and fairly strong predators. They swim very fast, sometimes stopping completely, but then instantly rush forward. These fish have a huge mouth located at the front end of the head. In the mouth, even with the naked eye, you can see the jaws, studded with numerous teeth, however, small ones. If perches start their hunt, then someone will definitely not be in trouble!
Predatory lake fish can pursue their prey long and hard. The perch rushes after it, opening its huge mouth and making a kind of “champing”. Fishermen say that a frightened victim often jumps out of the water, but this still does not save her: the perch gets what he wants. Sometimes these predators, too carried away by the pursuit of their prey, run aground after it, and sometimes onto the coastal sand ... In general, perches are predators from God: these voracious creatures will not miss a single living creature that can fit in their wide mouth .
Common pike
Common pike is a predatory fish that inhabits the fresh waters of North America and all of Eurasia. Usually it can be found in the coastal zone, in water thickets, in slow-flowing or completely stagnant waters. From this point of view, pikes are river predators. But often they are also found in desalinated areas of certain seas. For example, you can meet pike in the Riga, Finnish and Baltic Seas, as well as in the Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. So from this point of view, pikes are predatory fish of the sea.
What does the common pike eat?
Its main diet is based on representatives of various types of fish. For example, they are happy to attack:
- perches;
- ruff;
- minnows;
- scavengers;
- minnows;
- bream;
- goltsov;
- sculpin gobies.
Answering the question about which fish eats what, avid fishermen say that it is the pike that comes to mind that eats roach with pleasure. It is understandable: the fact is that the pike is the unspoken symbol of all river predators in our country, and the roach is her favorite food.
Ichthyologists describe cases when these fish grabbed and dragged mice, rats, little ducklings, waders and even squirrels into the water! All these animals crossed freshwater bodies during their seasonal migrations. Large individuals can generally attack adult ducks, especially during their molt. In spring and at the beginning of the summer season, pikes readily feed on crayfish and frogs. By the way, a fish that is almost twice the size of the predator itself can often become a victim of a pike!
The most dangerous and predatory fish on Earth - white shark
The predatory fish, called the man-eating shark, carcharodon, or great white shark, is the most feared and one of the largest fish on our planet. On average, these predators grow up to 4.7 meters in length, however, ichthyologists have recorded individual individuals reaching 7 meters in length and weighing up to 1900 kilograms. Sharks do not have bones, their skeleton consists entirely of cartilage. The skin of many of them is covered with razor-sharp spines. It is curious that the inhabitants of some islands use shark skin as a grinding material.
Where do white sharks live?
Their distribution area is huge! These predators live in open oceans and coastal waters of the island and continental shelves, the temperature of which reaches 13-25 degrees Celsius. But there are also sharks who prefer to swim in tropical waters. The main territory of the accumulation of these monsters is the coastal waters of Baja California (Mexico), California (USA), New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and the Mediterranean Sea. This terrible fish can be found (but it is better not to meet!) And off the East coast of the USA, off the coast of the island of Cuba, Argentina, Brazil, etc. It inhabits the Red Sea (Indian Ocean), the Seychelles, the waters of Mauritius, etc.
What does the white shark eat?
White sharks are predatory fish (photo below), devouring everything in their path. “A wolf on land is a shark in the sea,” sailors say. And not in vain! These dangerous predators pursue ships in flocks in anticipation that a person or other living creatures will fall into the water. But, as a rule, this does not happen, so white sharks (and sharks in general) with great pleasure devour everything that ill-mannered people do not throw into trash cans, but straight from ships into the seas and oceans:
- cans;
- flasks;
- empty bottles;
- disposable tableware;
- other rubbish.
If we talk about animal feed, then these fish hunt mainly in the daytime and eat animals such as:
- slopes;
- tuna;
- other sharks;
- dolphins;
- porpoises;
- whales;
- seals;
- seals;
- sea turtles;
- birds.
White sharks can also be scavengers: they will never bypass the carcass of a dead whale. By the way, the hunting tactics of these predators directly depends on this or that prey. For example, off Force Island they attack Cape seals at high speeds, and off the coast of California they immobilize northern ones, these sea predators grab them right from the surface of the water, dragging them into the depths of the sea.
Dear Parents!
Never force a child to study, try to
interest.
Conduct activities in a playful way.
Praise your child for success and never show yours
frustrated if something doesn't work out. Cheer
it will definitely work next time.
Znaikinoffers games and exercises on the theme "Pisces".
Talk with your child about the fact that fish live in different water bodies: oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ponds.
Take your child to the pet store or look at the pictures of aquarium fish:
Say with your child the words of a complex syllabic structure: aquarium, aquarium fish, algae, agile, swordsman, goldfish, guppies.
Make up a descriptive story with your child about the fish.
By the plug of the tailed (seine)
Invite the child to draw any fish according to
Don't forget to praise your child!
With wishes of success!
MDOU "Kindergarten" 68 "
teacher - speech therapist Titarenko Galina Borisovna
Connect by dots
10. Speak tongue twisters with your child
Shcha - shcha - shcha - the pike looks at the bream.
Schu - shu - shu - the bream must swim away.
The pike says to the bream:
"I will not forgive insults."
Sonya and Sanya have catfish with a mustache in their nets.
Skinny pike from the river
The fishermen brought it.
The predatory pike is more terrible,
Than the monster Koschey.
Guess the riddles:
And they don't let you fish.
The fish touches the worm -
He will immediately give a sign to the fisherman.
Dragging along the bottom
The caftan is perforated,
And in every hole 
This is a goldfish. It was bred in China through breeding work carried out among crucian carp. She lives in an aquarium. The fish is red. She has a long tail and fins.
aquarium fish cannot live in the seas because
they are freshwater; in rivers and lakes, because they are thermophilic.
fish, making riddles:
tail wags,
Toothy, not barking (pike).
Prickly, but not a hedgehog.
Who is this? (ruff).
At the bottom, where it is quiet and dark, 
A mustachioed log (catfish) lies.
catfish- large river fish. It has a large body, broad head, small tail and fins. His body is not covered with scales. Catfish is a predatory fish. He preys on other fish, frogs, chicks, waterfowl.
Pancake swims alive -
He is with a tail and a head (flounder).
aquarium or look at pictures of marine animals.
Dolphin is an animal that lives in the seas and oceans.
The dolphin is large, black, smooth. He has an oval
body, elongated muzzle, strong tail and fins.
Dolphin is a very smart animal. Sometimes dolphins rescue
sea of drowning people.
Play games with your child:
You can't even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
"Collect an Offer"
Fisherman, fishing, on, goes
Aquarium, in, swims, fishes, a lot
Kettle, in, ear, brewed
"What is the longest word?"
Ruff, catfish, carp, pink salmon
Sea, body of water, pond, river
Marine, aquarium, river, lake
" What's wrong?"
The ear is boiled from chicken.
First, the fish is boiled, and then they are caught.
Fish can talk.
« IV extra"
Pike, catfish, crucian carp, shark
Bream, dolphin, whale, hammerhead fish
Flounder, pink salmon, carp, guppies
"Who lives where?"
Develop your child's auditory attention and logical thinking.
Are you not familiar with me?
I live at the bottom of the sea.
Head and eight legs
That's all I am ... (octopus)
"Sound Lost"
They say one fisherman
I fished out a shoe in the river.
But then he
The house is hooked! (catfish).
"Smart puzzles"
If a pike is larger than a perch, and a perch is larger than a minnow, then who is the smallest?
Sasha and Maxim were fishing. They caught ruff and carp. What fish did Maxim catch if Sasha did not catch a carp?
Invite the child to remember the characters of which famous fairy tales were fish:
- Pike," By magic"
Develop your child's visual attention and fine motor skills of the hand:
STUDY PROCEDURE:1. Organizational moment.2. The attention game "Boy, girl, flower."Rules of the game: students take turns calling one word at a time: the first player is the name of the boy, the second is the name of the girl, the third is the name of the flower, the fourth is again the name of the boy, etc. At the end of the game – discussion: what was superfluous in this group of words and why? 3. Exercise "The fourth extra". The teacher reads out rows of words, in each row one word is superfluous according to essential features. You need to find this word and explain why it is superfluous (in one row there may be several options for the correct completion of the task). It is advisable to give a sample answer: “Excess is ..., because all the others are ... (a common feature is indicated), and this is ... (a difference is called)”. For example, given the words: ice cream, butter, cheese, loaf; an extra word is a loaf, because all other products are made from milk, and a loaf is made from flour. It is recommended to discuss 3-4 rows of words collectively, and offer 5-6 rows for independent execution in a notebook (exercise "Test yourself"). Examples of words for the game: Swan, duck, chicken, goose; Sofa, table, armchair, chair; Spruce, pine, fir, cedar; Carp, shark, dolphin, pike; Album, book, notepad, notebook; Russia, America, Africa, Brazil; Bank, bottle, pot, jug; Pushkin, Chukovsky, Marshak, Barto; Earthquake, rain, storm, tornado; Briefcase, bag, suitcase, backpack; TV, tape recorder, radio, vacuum cleaner; Blueberry, blackberry, fern, raspberry; Legend, story, fairy tale, epic; Dark, light, blue, bright; Nest, burrow, gatehouse, chicken coop; Football, basketball, volleyball, tennis; Hunger, greed, thirst, cold; Laughter, joke, laughter, smile; Gradually, quickly, hastily, soon; 4. Conversation about the concept of "class". In the game, after eliminating the superfluous, 3 words remained, united by some common feature. We can say that these words formed a group, or "class". Even at preschool age, a child learns to combine words into groups, knows how to perform tasks like: “Apples, pears - how to call them in one word? Name a few more words that are part of this group "or" Name the birds. Schoolchildren also often face similar tasks, but more complex in content, for example: “Name the geometric shapes”, “List the parts of the word”, “Rain, snow, fog - what one word can they be called?”. The teacher offers to give examples of classes of objects that students know, which they do not know yet (but just heard about it). The teacher gives a definition: "A class is a collection of objects united according to some essential feature."
- Exercise "Four extra".
- Group work.
- Word drop game.
The action, when a set of objects is divided into groups according to some characteristics, is called classification. Notebook entry: Classification - division (partitioning) into classes. -There are classification rules, we will talk about them today in the lesson. First, two examples of division into classes: "Houses are divided into one-story and multi-story" and "Houses are divided into brick and multi-story." What do you think, in which case the division was made correctly? Justify your answer.
Indeed, the basic rule of classification is the division into
classes on one basis (attribute). In the first sentence of the house
divided by number of storeys, and in the second by material and by number of storeys - so wrong. Change the second sentence like this
to get it right. Take the sign as the basis for division
"material".
those in which errors were made, and try to correct them. Examples of classifications (incorrect ones are marked with an asterisk): birds are divided into migratory and waterfowl; * sounds are divided into vowels and consonants; animals are divided into domestic and dinosaurs; * mushrooms are divided into edible and inedible; tasks are simple and on the movement; * plants are divided into trees and wild; watches are divided into wrist and gold; * people are divided into men and children; * numbers are divided into odd and even. Notebook entry: Classification rules: 1. The division should take place only on one basis. - In the following classifications, the division is carried out according to one basis. But see if they still contain errors? Examples of classifications: Animals are divided into birds, insects, mammals; The figures are divided into circles, triangles and squares; In a word, a prefix and an ending can be distinguished; Transport is divided into land and air. Conclusion: in all these classifications, the division was not carried out enough, since not all classes are listed (there are also other classes of animals, figures, parts of speech, transport). This means that the correct division should be such that the sum of all classes is equal to the entire scope of the concept. The teacher suggests correcting these examples of classifications. When dividing, you must specify all classes or add the words "and others", "etc." 2. The division must be proportionate. What classification rule is violated in this case? Examples of classifications:
- Artists are divided into those who sing and those who dance; Students are divided into those who like to read and those who like to go to the movies; There are numbers that are divisible by 2 and those that are divisible by 3.