Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov (1911-1985) - biographies - biographies - Eternal memory. The most needed person in agriculture

"Wonders and Adventures" 11/95

weather prophet

Gennady SMOLIN

Once I asked a satirist friend: where did you get such a find - they say, “I speak excellent French, but ... through an interpreter”? And he told me about how, speaking once in Obninsk near Moscow, he heard about the eccentric scientist Dyakov, who made a report to his compatriot colleagues in pure French, and he was immediately reinterpreted into Russian by a young translator.

After some time, I learned the details: it was Dyakov - the same weather forecaster from Gornaya Shoria in Kuzbass, who gave weather bulletins almost a year in advance, striking both specialists and ordinary people. This was perceived as a miracle! .. After all, he sent his ultra-accurate forecasts to Cuba, France, Germany. Siberian pilots prayed for him.

It took official science many years to understand the essence of his predictions. Siberian pilots still remember the accuracy of his forecasts. From the Siberian hinterland, Fidel Castro received his typhoon warnings.

IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF FLAMDRION AND CHIZHEVSKY

Meteorology was in its infancy at the dawn of the 19th century. The advance was given when the director of the Paris Observatory, Mr. Le Verrier, known at that time as the luminary of French astronomy, took up the matter. Emperor Napoleon III, oppressed by the death of the Allied fleet due to a sudden storm during the Crimean War, turned to the famous scientist to find out the possibility of a repeat of the catastrophic situation. Le Verrier, without hesitation, took the readings of several barometers at different weather stations in France and transferred the results to the map, and connecting them with isobar lines, he predicted the further path of the disastrous cyclone. The emperor was delighted with the discovery of his subject. Since then, meteorologists have begun to seriously study the differences in atmospheric pressure.

Well, the classics of the science of atmospheric phenomena went even further. Scientists such as Fitzroy, Klassovsky, Flammarion, Dove and others developed the thesis of two atmospheric flows - warm (equatorial) and cold (polar), the change in power of which determines the weather on our planet. These flows are conducted by the Sun. During explosions on the sun, the “solar” wind flies to the Earth, causing magnetic storms that play a significant role in shaping the weather on the planet. In turn, solar activity is influenced by many factors, of which three of the most important can be distinguished: the periods of revolution of the planets, the direction of their magnetic field, and the approach of the planets to each other. Moreover, the so-called parade of planets gives the strongest effect, when for an outside observer they seem to overlap each other and a kind of gravitational tube with two or three lenses is formed.

The radiation of the stars going along the planets lined up in a parade is focused by a kind of “gravitational tube” on the Sun, forming gigantic explosive processes on it, and this, as A. L. Chizhevsky proved long ago, causes rapid changes both in the weather on Earth and provokes social cataclysms on the planet...

Our contemporary Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov became a follower of the glorious French astronomer and popularizer of science Camille Flammarion, as well as the Russian cosmist Alexander Chizhevsky. And as it often happens in Russia, the naturalist Dyakov lived and did scientific research not in Moscow, the capital, but in the foothills of Altai, in Gornaya Shoria, or more precisely, in the vicinity of the village of Temirtau. It is sad to state, but Anatoly Vitalyevich did not become among us recently, about ten years ago. The merit of Dyakov is that he found and calculated fluctuations in the power of the polar and equatorial flows of atmospheric masses, linking their parameters with the activity of the Sun. In close proximity to his unpresentable house, Anatoly Vitalyevich personally built a small observatory, which was magnificently called the Camill Flammarion Heliometeorological Observatory of Kuzbass. With this gesture, Dyakov immortalized the name of the French scientist in the expanses of Siberia. This noble act was carried out with the necessary formalities - with the full consent of the "Astronomical Society of France" and, of course, the generous "good" of the local authorities holding ...

INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES ON THE BASIS OF TWO HIGHER EDUCATIONS

Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov spent his childhood and youth in the southern steppes of Ukraine near the provincial town of Elizavetgrad, where, already in his youth, he was listed as an active member of the Russian Society of Lovers of the World. The main thing was that he had a magnificent device - a 70-mm telescope, taken on parole from a school teacher. With the help of this tool, the young astronomer comprehended the secrets of the daylight and other cosmic bodies. After graduating from two universities - first Odessa, and then Moscow, Dyakov went in a romantic impulse far beyond the Urals, to ... the construction of the Kuznetsk metallurgical plant. There, the young physicist was appointed almost according to his specialty: the chief meteorologist of the Gorno-Shorskaya railway. And his debut in this capacity took place when he gave his one-day forecast for July 12, 1936: "Cloudy weather is favorable for construction work," his ingenious dispatch said.

And it should be noted that in those furious thirties, an error in the forecast could end in a camp at best. Dashing, as they say, time. At that time, long-term and super-secret predictions of the weather were not yet available to Dyakov, but after 36 years, Anatoly Vitalyevich made people talk about himself not only in the USSR, but also abroad ... Many still remember how in the summer of 1972 the Great Land fell on the Central Russian Upland. Forests flared up like matches, and a bluish haze, turning into an impenetrable rancid haze, clouded the gigantic expanses of the Moscow region: peat bogs were burning ... Then, perhaps, for the first time, the whole country started talking about Dyakov, thanks to the ubiquitous reporters who found him in the taiga corner of Kuzbass, having learned about his long-term weather forecasts, and most importantly, that he warned ahead of time about the upcoming unprecedented heat. Anatoly Vitalyevich was immediately exalted and invited in the same 1972 to the First All-Union Conference "Solar-atmospheric relations in the theory of climate and weather forecasts". It was then that A. V. Dyakov visited Obninsk, a city of science near Moscow. Here, at the All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information, he delivered his report in excellent French. Now no one knows about the root causes of such an act ...

It is only known that on that day the scientific fraternity - local and visiting - crammed into the institute's conference hall, apparently invisibly. They listened to the domestic Varangian from the far reaches of Siberia with a breath, looking with curiosity at the "landmark from Temirtau", the newly-minted "eccentric Dyakov" (how many there were, such "eccentrics", in Russia - darkness!). Well, and then, as usual, there was plenty of scoffing in the institute magazines, in the silence of the corridors or at home, in the kitchen about the "report in French through an interpreter." Notably went to A. V. Dyakov, a representative of a kind of "Papuan-exotic" meteorological school.

ACCURACY OF FORECASTS - AT THE LEVEL OF THE XXI CENTURY

Seriously. The poisonous humor of listeners, or rather, opponents at the "Dyakovo readings" becomes comprehensible if we turn to the results of the scientific activities of our Obninsk (and Moscow too) mockingbirds: they had three-, five-day forecasts with almost zero hitting the target. And this Varangian guest has similar indicators, simply amazing in accuracy. Namely: Anatoly Vitalievich brought the success of ten-day forecasts for Western Siberia to ... 90-95%, and monthly - up to 80-85% of hits on the bull's-eye! Moreover, with the help of the revealed patterns of atmospheric dynamics, the scientist Dyakov made a warning of at least half a month in advance about 50 exceptional atmospheric anomalies that occurred over the vast territory of Eurasia or the Atlantic. Among them are weather surprises such as storms, typhoons, hurricanes, heavy rains, deep cyclones or anticyclones, and, of course, great dry land or severe frost. In the context of what has been said, the incident with the warning to the French about an unusually severe winter, which made A.V. Dyakov overnight famous in the West, and from there - in Russia, is curious ... Here is a small chronicle of those ancient events.

Paris, France. Reply telegram: To A. V. Dyakov, Temirtau, USSR (in a rather condescending tone): “Thank you for the dispatch, and especially for the urgency. We are already dressing in warm coats” (say, ha ha, you scared us, Russian colleague!). December 21, 1978 - the very beginning of the unprecedented frosts promised by Dyakov in France. An excerpt from the Izvestia newspaper: “A severe cooling in Europe caused a sharp increase in electricity consumption ... Many plants and factories stopped working ... Trains froze ... The damage is estimated at four billion francs ... "

An urgent telegram to A. V. Dyakov, Temirtau, USSR: “Thank you for your excellent foresight,” Mr. J. K. Pekker dispatched in a completely different manner. foresight technique? Is it necessary to take into account the activity of the Sun and how?

It was symbolic that a fellow countryman and colleague of the same Camille Flammarion, who was one of the first to link the strict dependence of the weather and the activity of the Sun, asked the same. Our Dyakov, all fifty years of life and work in his heliometeorological observatory in Temirtau, following the precepts of the famous Frenchman, observed precisely the activity of our luminary, built a physical and mathematical model of the interaction of the main air flows with the geomagnetic field of the Earth, which before this "eccentric from Siberia" was not came to no one's mind.

TELESCOPE IN A RURAL hut

Dyakov made all his sensational discoveries thanks to scrupulous observations from the home observatory named after Camille Flammarion, which is a neat turret with a characteristic dome for a telescope, which, in turn, was cleverly stuck to a rural five-wall hut. His past participation and contribution to the construction of the Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant was now rewarded a hundredfold - the metallurgists made the dome according to his special drawings at the moment; they also purchased a reflector with a meter mirror in the same France - this is for the son and heir of Camille's ideas and his first exploratory steps. Well, Father Anatoly Vitalievich himself used for more than a dozen years the school-primitive telescope, presented at that time by Academician Tikhov, pointing his student telescope at mysteriously changeable spots on the Sun and slowly writing numbers in a school notebook in order to soon issue sensational long-term forecasts .

This is traditional, so to speak, Russian “conservatism”, when domestic scientists, using an amazing symbiosis of antediluvian equipment and cutting-edge methods, eventually make great discoveries in scientific fields or technology. Such is the handwriting of many - the clerk Kryakutny, the mechanics and designers Kulibin and Polzunov, the Cherepanov brothers, the naturalist Tsiolkovsky and the weather forecaster Dyakov. Anatoly Vitalievich was elevated to the podium in 1972-1973. But some ten or twelve years have passed, and not only colleagues from the Hydrometeorological Center, but the general public of the USSR, have completely forgotten him. As it happened more than once in the Russian Empire, so it happened in the Soviet Union and continued in the current Russian Federation. It is possible, of course, to explain the ensuing suppression of an extraordinary scientist and person by the monopoly of the “Moscow meteorological school”, which swept like a heavy roller over the geographical latitudes and longitudes of the country. Or to argue that the Gulf Stream, and not the Sun, plays the leading role in determining the weather on the Eurasian continent. In our difficult time, one cannot answer such questions on the move. It’s just that the indestructible human memory has already noticed that in the long-suffering mother Russia from time immemorial they love great compatriots, but ... the dead ...

Then it becomes obvious why A. V. Dyakov’s manuscript “Foresight of weather for long periods on an energy-climatic basis”, which was completed and put on his desk in 1954 (forty years ago!), Is still not in demand. Dyakov himself was well aware that he lives and works in Russia, where science is super-monopolized, or rather, bureaucratic. And therefore, when he was asked during a scientific report or press conference, they say, where is your mathematical justification or proof of these arguments or this postulate, Anatoly Vitalyevich laughed ironically and, patting his forehead, calmly answered: they say, do not worry, Madame and Monsieur, everything is here, in my sun-filled head! Well, according to modern times, Dyakov simply kept his discovery, like a magic key, in vain, to himself.

THE HIGHER MIND IS THE ORGANIZING FORCE OF THE EARTH

Perhaps the most important thing is that Anatoly Vitalyevich from naked materialism to the end of his life came to God (or maybe he never left him, God). It is not known for certain whether he began to attend an Orthodox church within his Kuzbass borders, but strictly logically, as an outstanding Russian scientist of our time, Anatoly Vitalyevich simply quietly, in an intelligent way, moved away from official dogmatic atheism. Most likely, as a naturalist, Dyakov saw with his own eyes that our world, consisting of chaos, did not turn into even greater chaos over time, but became a strictly regulated system, behind the scenes of which there must be a GENERAL ORGANIZING FORCE!

The chest of a Russian scientist did not turn into an iconostasis for government awards in the 70s. And the academicians married another - "their own, thieves", as was the custom then. On this occasion, all the same French, whose language was loved by our hero, would ironically and easily respond: “Such is life!” The fact is that the intellectual Dyakov was a pygmy in that coordinate system and that symbolism that our glorious society developed as an antidote for white crows like Anatoly Vitalyevich, in order to knock the latter out of his proper place under the Sun. And if the Zulus had such a sign-distinction was a ring inserted into the nostril, then the current “business” person, the so-called “new Russian”, has a bank account abroad, a luxury foreign car, a platoon of bodyguards and a pompous cottage in a conservation area. The same "ring in the nostril", only on a modern-understandable level.

The location of the present man, as before, is determined (according to the famous Hume) "not by interests, but by opinions." In the case of domestic science, we seem to have come to a bitterly disappointing conclusion: since the time of the glorious forerunner of perestroika, Nikita Khrushchev, science has successfully degenerated into an immoral servant, and, in fact, a tool for political manipulation. Our thesis is confirmed by the emergence and consistent development of a whole galaxy of destructive projects of the century: from the destruction of the Russian way of life in the countryside (“unpromising villages”) and the finishing off of Orthodoxy (remember the mass of forced renunciations in the 60s from the rank of clergy and the closure of churches) to the construction of a pulp and paper plant (Pulp and Paper Mill) on Baikal. It was, it was, it was... Some of the authors of these monstrous projects were awarded the title of academician, and someone was presented with the highest award. Perhaps that is why domestic science is now approaching the transcendental line, beyond which - Through the Looking-Glass and more terrible than Lewis Carroll!

If we take a retrospective look at the life and fate of Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov, then his path is extremely reminiscent of all those troubles and tricks with which the road of the Kaluga dreamer and scientist K. E. Tsiolkovsky was abundantly strewn. Konstantin Eduardovich, thanks to his mind, managed to escape from the captivity of Mother Earth and predict in his opuses what appeared to us only today. Well, A. V. Dyakov, as if repeating his compatriot, also overcame the earth's gravity, broke into sky-high heights and captured the atmosphere of our planet with his remarkable mind, modeling it as a complex physical and mathematical system. Both scientists were not accepted by society. True, Tsiolkovsky was nevertheless elevated to the rank of priest of science at the edge of his life. And for Dyakov, after a short burst of popularity, complete oblivion came. Anatoly Vitalyevich died in the circle of his family and friends in the deafening silence of the scientific community, our society and the media. However, his works are so focused on the future that no figure of silence can close them. They will still benefit Russia. The country will soon rise from the sea of troubles and appreciate its Siberian genius in the highest way.

An unusual lesson took place in the Novokuznetsk professional lyceum No. 10 on the eve of the World Meteorologist's Day, it was dedicated to our fellow Kuzbass resident, geophysicist, astronomer and unique meteorologist Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov, who became the founder of heliometeorology.

Our reference:

Dyakov Anatoly Vitalievich was born on November 7, 1911 in Ukraine, near the village of Onufrievka, in the family of Folk teachers. Until 1924 he studied at a seven-year school in the village of Abisamka, near the city of Kirovograd. In 1925, at the age of fourteen, he made a firm decision - to become an astronomer and meteorologist in order to penetrate the secrets of the movements and glow of heavenly bodies, air and water, and to be able to predict weather and natural disasters. After graduating from school in 1926, he began preparing for university exams. And on September 10, 1928 he was enrolled in the first year of the Physics and Mathematics Department, the faculty of the Odessa INO. In May 1932, he received from Paris a package with documents on his election as a full member of the French Astronomical Society. After graduating from the university in 1933 with a degree in physics and geophysics, he continued his studies at Moscow University. Lomonosov at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. In 1934, not allowing him to graduate from the university, Anatoly Vitalievich was exiled to Siberia. In July 1936, he held the position of head of the Hydrometeorological Service for the Construction of the Gornoshorskaya Railway. From July 1943 to December 1948 he was the head of the Meteorological Bureau of Gornaya Shoria. From November 1951 to December 1952, he was the head of the Scientific Research Hydrometeorological Station of the village. Temir-Tau. In 1953, he organized a geophysical station and scientific work: "The physical mechanism of the influence of solar activity on the processes of circulation of the earth's atmosphere."

The students that day met with his children - Camille and Elena, who told about their father and his work. Lyceum students, together with their teacher Olga Torgashova, who knows the Dyakov family well, collect documents and make a request to the administration of Novokuznetsk in order to name one of the streets of the city after this meteorologist, famous for his ultra-accurate weather forecasts, who gained fame in many countries of the world, nicknamed popularly the "God of the weather".

He, a native of the southern steppes of Ukraine, a brilliant student of the Faculty of Astronomy at Moscow State University, came to our region with the first wave of Stalinist repressions. As a teenager, Tolya, in his native provincial town of Elizavetgrad, having asked a 70-mm telescope on parole from a school teacher, comprehended the secrets of the planets, paying special attention to observations of the Sun. After graduating from Odessa University, Anatoly improved his knowledge in Moscow, was an active member of the "Russian Society of Lovers of World Studies".

Continuing his observations of the ancient luminary, Dyakov constantly kept a diary, where, along with mathematical calculations, he also wrote down thoughts about the political situation in the country. They became the basis for arrest and condemnation to hard labor. From the Butyrka prison, a twenty-four-year-old prisoner was sent by stage to the Mariinsky Central, and from there to the mines in Gornaya Shoria, which were being developed for the young KMK.

Dyakov settled not far from Temirtau, later he built a small domed tower with his own hands, which he called the Camille Flammarion Heliometeorological Observatory of Kuzbass. All his life he followed the teachings of this French scientist, who was the first to indicate the dependence of the weather on the activity of the Sun. Here, observing the activity of the luminary, Dyakov built a physical and mathematical model of the interaction of the main air currents with the geomagnetic field of the Earth, indicated the dependence of atmospheric processes on the dynamics of changes in the area of sunspots, which had never occurred to anyone before this "eccentric from Siberia".

His ten-day forecasts came true almost 100%, the monthly ones were justified by more than 80 percent. Working in Temirtau, he predicted droughts and frosts in Europe, storms and typhoons in the Atlantic. Compiled and sent at his own expense telegrams to England, France, India, America. In 1966, a message flew to Cuba: "Gentlemen, I have the honor to warn you about the appearance of a strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third decade of September. Anatoly Dyakov, head of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria."

The forecast from distant unknown Siberia caused considerable surprise, but the government of the island of Freedom, just in case, took measures, the fishing boats did not go to sea. Later in the newspapers there was a message about the hurricane "Ines", which ruined Guadeloupe, Santa Domingo, Haiti for 100 million dollars. This is one example, there are many of them in the history of world meteorology in the early 70s.

Scrupulously, getting in touch with the Sun three times a day, Dyakov dictated telegrams in French to countries threatened by weather disasters. Thanks to his mother, he knew this language perfectly, an old record of the Krugozor magazine, which released the first flexible records, preserved one of his messages. And once, in the language of Camille Flammarion, which he reveres, he made a report at the first All-Union Conference "Solar-atmospheric relations in the theory of climate and weather forecasting", held in Moscow.

Among specialists, the name of Dyakov was already widely known, but most often representatives of official science called his approach pseudoscientific, and his forecasting method was not recognized. The skeptical smirks of the listeners of that famous report, for which it was urgently necessary to look for a translator into Russian, eclipsed the cries of "bravo" and thunderous applause.

Meanwhile, Dyakov was known as an unrecognized genius and eccentric, and his book "Foresight of weather for long periods on an energy-climatic basis", completed back in 1954, was never published, just as heliometeorology was not recognized as a science.

Nevertheless, his work was noted by the Soviet government. In 1972, Anatoly Vitalievich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for ... merits in increasing grain production. And soon the Novosibirsk hydrometeorological department, under whose command the village station was located, fired an overly active and obstinate employee for violating labor discipline.

Despite the cramped circumstances and a large family, Dyakov continued to work "on a voluntary basis" and stubbornly challenged official meteorologists to the competition "whose forecast is more accurate."

Anatoly Vitalyevich died in 1985, along with his death, heliometeorology, which gives almost one hundred percent long-term forecasts, also went into oblivion. In the Temirtau Museum there is a stand in his memory, a dilapidated observatory still stands, with its telescope you can see distant planets and the Sun, which entrusted Dyakov with its innermost secrets, still hidden for the understanding of others.

His son Camille, named after the French scientist, carefully preserves his father's works, bundles of telegrams that flocked to the Siberian village from all over the world. "Where are you, God of the weather?" - they still address him, but he will not answer, the genius of forecasts took his gift of foresight with him. In a small house at 30 Sadovaya Street, on an old chest of drawers, there is a photograph of him: an open, strong-willed face framed by wild, once dark curls, expressive eyes, in which there is a secret that he never revealed.

Olga Volkova.

UNKNOWN DYAKOV

(The author is a journalist of the Tashtagol city newspaper Krasnaya Shoria, Olga Shchukina. In 1978 she graduated from the philological faculty of Kemerovo State University, specializing in journalism. Since then, she has been working in one publication. She became the absolute winner of the regional creative competition "Golden Pen" three times).

In 1925, fifteen-year-old Tolya Dyakov published his first scientific article in the journal World Studies - "Results of observations of meteors". In 1932, the Astronomical Society of France accepted him as a full member.

In the same year, Anatoly Dyakov graduated from the astronomy department of Odessa University, and after a while he entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow University.

It seemed that he had a bright future ahead of him and a brilliant scientific career.

And this future was not long in coming: already in 1935, convicted under Article 58, he was offered a position ... as a full-time meteorologist at Gorshorlag.

In 1958, Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov headed a small departmental meteorological station in the village of Temirtau, designed to serve the Kuznetsk Iron and Steel Works and all enterprises included in its ore base. To the word "meteo-" Dyakov added the root "helio-". So the sun became the emblem of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria, and Dyakov himself became a pioneer of heliometeorology as a method of determining the weather in a specific region of the globe at a specific time using observations of sunspots.

In 1966, Dyakov sends a telegram to the Cuban embassy with a warning "about the danger of a very strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third decade of September."

His prediction was fully confirmed.

In 1972, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor with the extravagant wording: "For the successes achieved in increasing grain production ...".

Yes, with its help, the grain growers of Western Siberia, Kazakhstan, Altai and the Urals really grew good crops. But his half-century activity as a practical scientist, his achievements and successes in the field of heliometeorology were never noticed and appreciated in his Fatherland.

In 1985, Dyakov died.

His scientific work "Atmospheric Dynamics", which was the meaning of his whole life, remained unpublished.

The widow of the Mountain God of the weather, Nina Grigoryevna Dyakova, tells.

"Constructed stick socialism ...".

- Nina Grigorievna, from Anatoly Vitalyevich you probably know how he ended up in Temirtau?

In the thirty-second year, Tolya graduated from Odessa University and was assigned to Tashkent, to the astronomical observatory. And already there he had seen enough, what a horror it was: people were starving, engaged in cannibalism, that's what they were brought to. He, too, was starving, he says, he almost died.

I decided to leave for Moscow, and my mathematical knowledge was not enough. He arrived, entered the Moscow State University and once read his Tashkent diary to his fellow students, where he described the whole nightmare of "stick socialism" being built in the country - that's what he called it. Well, they "snitched" on him. They came - he did not lock himself, showed the diary. It's good, I got to such an investigator, who asked him where, they say, to send you. Tolya said: "For construction, to Siberia." They brought him to Mariinsk, from there they were distributed to the Gorshorlag.

"... Now I'll get a bullet from behind ...".

How did he manage to survive in those conditions?

He was only a year at general work - they were building a railway on Uchulen. Among the prisoners there were many Moscow professors and scientists. They dug a trench, he was appointed accountant. Every morning, as he said, ten people were called out of action - and that's all, no one saw these people. And then one day they call him: "Dyakov, with things!" He thought it was over: "I said goodbye to everyone.

I hear that they seem to be sent to Temir. I go and wait that now I will get a bullet from behind. I look around - no." And when he got here - and here, in Temir, the authorities were Gorshorlagov - they suddenly offered him to do weather forecasts. The land, they say, is unexplored ... Of course, he agreed! It was in the thirty-fifth year. And in this house, which we later renovated and attached an observatory tower to it, they then settled in. Here, all over the mountain, all two houses were there. In one lived prisoners who worked in greenhouses, flowers were grown for the authorities, and in the other, where the florist used to live, Tolya began to live in. From then on he took up meteorology.

When he served his term - three years - he went around the country to look for a haven. But I found out that if someone is released under Article 58, they will not be registered anywhere. And returned back. Started working again. And so for 50 years I watched the weather exactly.

"I won't spread your nonsense!"

How did you meet him?

I worked as a radio center technician in Novokuznetsk after graduating from the Novosibirsk Telecommunication College, and my parents lived in Temirtau, planted a garden. I wanted to be closer to them, but it was difficult to get a job. A case turned up - they exchanged with one man: he left for my place in Novokuznetsk, and instead of him I had to go to the radio center, but I was frightened of something. At this time, Dyakov just needed an assistant at the weather station. He kept going to my mother's neighbors and even peeping at me: "Will you come to work with me?" It was in March 1946. And on the seventeenth of September we got married.

And what is it like to be the wife of an extraordinary person?

We lived well with him. He did his job - he was engaged in science, and I did mine - raised children, ran the household, helped him in his work. We did not argue - there is nothing to argue about. We lived together for 39 years, and we never had a scandal.

We didn't buy anything, only what is necessary, and that's it. They didn’t think about themselves: sometimes they raised children, sometimes they taught them. How long have we been without pay?

In 1946, the weather station operated from the geological exploration department. In the forty-seventh, geological exploration was liquidated in the village, and we moved to the department of the hydrometeorological service. This service gave its forecasts, and they had to be distributed among enterprises and organizations. Tolya told them resolutely:

"I will not spread your nonsense, I will give my forecasts!" And for that he was fired. And soon someone set fire to the weather station on Mount Uludag.

It was hard to watch the fire. Such was the unusual architecture, like a fabulous house. Tolya himself came up with: a turret with round openings, arched windows at the bottom. How long he built it, how long we sat on cakes - sowed barley, threshed and baked. A whole year without a salary: as soon as he receives it, he will give it to construction workers. Our first children died in those years - a four-month-old boy and a two-year-old girl ...

For five years, by the grace of the hydrometeorologist, we lived without work and without money. He saved his business. But the observation of the weather did not stop. And only in 1958 he was taken to the department of the KMK. They had a moment there when the ore froze and sued them for a big pay. Tolya spoke at the trial and managed to protect them from a fine. And for this they took him to themselves and attached him to the mine, and I was included in the staff a year later. Then it became easier for us: he has a salary of 140 rubles and I have 90. They raised four children.

We worked together with him, made forecasts. I typed them on a typewriter, molded envelopes and sent them out. We served the south of Western Siberia and Northern Kazakhstan.

"Here, Tolya, your wife ...".

No, he had Ariadna Ivanovna. PhD, mathematician, smartest woman. It was she who, when I first appeared, saw me, a girl (I was 14 years younger than him, and she was 9 years older), and told him: “Here, Tolya, your wife, and I don’t want to stay here anymore, I I'll leave." Tolya studied with her at Moscow University, they sat on the same bench. When they took him away, they soon imprisoned her husband, and they began to evict her from Moscow. - Before meeting you, Dyakov lived alone?

When Tolya was released and went to see Moscow, he met her there and invited her to Temir. She agreed and came. And then there's the war. Well, she stayed. Throughout the war, she taught German at school, spoke it fluently, and we have preserved her books in German. And after the war, she did not want to stay here. Needless to say ... Here they were a laughing stock for ordinary people. They somehow did not succeed in a human way, not like everyone else. The cow gets sick - they cover her with a sheet from the sun in the summer. But people find it funny... Or they said something else, but I don't believe that they go to milk a cow as soon as they want milk - that's not true. But, of course, both he and she were odd.

Ariadna Ivanovna left, and we got married. And when we felt bad, when we were without work, she sent us parcels all the time - clothes for children, sweets. And every month she transferred forty rubles - 20 rubles twice. All my life until I die. And she died five years after the death of Voroshilov, forgot in what year.

And she always sent him the newspaper L'Humanite. As long as he himself was able to write it out. And she sent clothes for him. There is not a word about me, as if there is none.

And then he brought her here - she was already sick, infirm, she could barely walk. She stayed with us for a month, she didn’t want to anymore, he took her back. And then she soon died, she was bad. But still managed to visit here before her death, to look at us. And we keep the photo.

"Weather God, Weather God!"

You, friend and wife, knew him better than anyone else. What was he like?

He somehow did not converge with people, he was all alone. Engaged in his science. He had no friends at all. We never went to visit, we never indulged in drinking. No holidays, just weekdays. If only correspondents came with their cognac, then he would like to take a sip and immediately drink milk.

But he was a very interesting conversationalist. If anyone gets to him - woo! could talk for days.

It wasn't boring, no. He understood humor, loved anecdotes. He knew a lot, you could sit and talk with him all day and learn everything new and new. Because he read a lot, we subscribed to a huge amount of literature - both books and periodicals. And if he sees something interesting, immediately to me: "Drop everything, sit down, read it!" At school - he taught there during the war - they called him a "walking encyclopedia". He taught geography, but he could have taught physics, and mathematics, and literature, and astronomy, and history ... He was fluent in French, read and translated into German and English. He was keenly interested in medicine, he wrote prescriptions for a pharmacy in Latin for himself. He especially knew meteorology: all the cataclysms on Earth - where, when, what happened. It's easier to say what he didn't know.

And what kind of head did he have? But none of the children was born with such and such a head. Probably, it is rarely given to anyone ...

He took care of his health, he never got sick in his life, he didn’t even have a runny nose. Every day I did physical exercises: how the ball jumped, despite the fact that it was tight, full. And doused himself at any time of the year with cold water. The ice will be thrown out of the bucket and stands, poured over. In April, he was already walking barefoot in the snow.

On the mine, in the center of the village, he always went barefoot, and kept his shoes under his arm. How to enter the building - then put on.

As for the rest, I didn't think about myself. He didn't care if he had something to wear or nothing. If only there was food. After all, he endured hunger, so fear remained with him. But he was unpretentious about food. He did not eat meat, but he liked dairy food more. We've been keeping cows for years. Let's go mowing with him, take the equipment with us to note what the temperature was. We'll go through eight rows: "That's it, let's go home. You can't overwork, that's enough for today." I say: "Well, you can do whatever you want, but I won't go." Then, when the children grew up - Camille was ten, Valera was twelve - she mowed them down. So he could do everything, but he was lazy. But he will redo his scientific work 20 times, if something goes wrong. But he did not like physical work. On the farm, he knew everything in a scientific way, but ... In our country, after all, not all the time coincides with science, in the economy, then.

He did not draw - only spots on the Sun. Poetry like not seen to write. But his voice was good, but, I remember, he sang for the only time in his life - an aria from some opera. He loved to listen to them. We had a lot of records - and all operas. And now the records are stored, if they have not deteriorated from dampness. There is nowhere to turn.

But his main passion was, of course, work. For many years he developed such a system: he reads, writes, analyzes all night until three or four hours. Then he goes to rest and gets up at 11-12 o'clock in the afternoon. I made morning observations in the afternoon, and even in the evening, at 22 o'clock, he did it himself.

Ever since childhood, I have remembered his appearance that boggles the imagination: an eagle profile, tenacious blue eyes, a beret on lush grayish curls and golf trousers, completely unusual for that time, tucked into woolen leggings...

Yes, he seemed to be comfortable in such clothes. He gets dressed, goes somewhere, and the kids chase after him, shouting: "God of the weather, God of the weather!" He will snap at first - and after them. And then he stopped paying attention. Everyone then called him the God of the weather, and even our mountain, where he built the observatory, was renamed "God weather".

I made clothes for him myself. He did not like it when his long trousers dangle at his feet, and even for material reasons. I remember he went to Moscow, to the Academy of Sciences, with a report. I made him such a checkered suit - a jacket and golf trousers. He arrived, and they took him to the police there ... Apparently, he also seemed strange to them. They figured out what was wrong and let him go.

"Don't you dare spoil the nerves of the children!"

Did Anatoly Vitalievich keep diaries?

No. Which he kept in his youth, he was taken to the NKVD, since then he has not written diaries. Weaned once and for all. He kept everything in mind. But in recent years he began to write something, he has a notebook ... It seems that it describes the place where he was born, in Ukraine. His sister lived in the Crimea, the writer Olga Vitalievna Dyakova. She was a member of the Union of Journalists, published the book "Soviet people". I visited her in 1975, when I went to spray glass for a telescope at the Crimean Observatory. Olga had no children.

Tolya's mother also lived in the Crimea, died suddenly at the age of 82. Parents were, it seems, teachers. He remembered two of his grandmothers: one Ukrainian, the other Greek. Everyone said to him "non-Russian", but everyone argued about his hair that he wears a wig, even argued with the hairdresser. Then it became clear that it was not a wig when they thinned out. And I turned into a home hairdresser: like summer, I cut it bald.

Did he find time for children?

The house was small, 15 squares in total, and there were six of us in it. Here and work, here and children. They climb on his table, they also write with him, on books and everywhere. If I started scolding them, he said: "Don't you dare spoil the nerves of the children!" He never touched them with his finger, I managed with everyone. They were little, he read fairy tales to them, bought books. Until they went outside. As soon as they went out into the street - then that's it, they have their own friends. And before school, he did a lot with them. When he died, so ... Oh, they pitied him! ..

I remember that Camille was studying, my father would receive 60 rubles in advance and would run to the post office to translate for him. He is 60, Lena twice a month for 30 - now there is no salary. Camille graduated from the Faculty of Physics of the Minsk University. Lena is from the Irkutsk Meteorological College, Sasha is a flight school in Buguruslan, and Valera is a mining college in Osinniki. Everyone works, everything is in business.

"I am recognized after death."

Dyakov was known during his lifetime?

He kept saying: "I am recognized only after death." Maybe that's why he was not afraid of death, even wanted to die. He said: "Let's leave life together. The scoundrels have overcome. I can't take it anymore!" But he was young, healthy ...

He was very worried that he was not recognized in the scientific world. Wrote a work on heliometeorology, it is called, I think, "Atmospheric Dynamics". This is his life's work. The manuscript was typewritten in two copies: one in Russian, the other in French. Camille wanted to submit it to print in Leningrad, but failed. Here somewhere they promised to print it - the same thing was not printed.

Tolya intended to send it abroad to be printed there, but he was afraid that it would not reach it or that it would be taken away and appropriated - he read a lot about such cases in science. I wanted to go myself, I filled out the documents, but ... Article 58 did not let him in.

He went to the academy, everything proved his case. In 1972, he finally returned in triumph - he made a report in Moscow. Then he delivered a report in Odessa, at the Minsk Academy of Sciences. It seems to have recognized him, but not all. When he spoke in Leningrad, five scientists were in favor and five were against his theory. But now on TV they say all the time that sunspots affect people and the whole atmosphere. Now this fact has been recognized, but earlier it was denied... And he proved everything. He had observed these spots for a long time. Since the fortieth year, we have accumulated observations with him. At first, there were no instruments, so he went to Alma-Ata, where they gave him a pipe - it is still alive, that pipe, - and we got used to it: we made a hole in the entryway, put the pipe into it and sketched spots.

And then they bought him (it seems like a mine) a student telescope. And now we will go outside with him, he sketches, and I stand, twisting - the earth is moving. And then, when the mine gave us a new house in 1960, we added a tower to the old one. They hired people - the brick had been bought even earlier - and built the tower at their own expense. I did all the plastering inside.

Tolya contacted the French, asked our government to buy a telescope from them, so they bought it. And the dome also came from France, and the installation. The mine authorities allocated equipment for installation, the pipe was machined in the machine shop. And they began to conduct observations already on real, good equipment.

"He was applauded by Gabrielle Flammarion."

And what kind of relationship did Dyakov have with France?

After all, since 1932 he was a full member of the French Astronomical Society, sent his work there. His favorite scientist was the French astronomer Camille Flammarion, he also mastered French on his own in order to read his works in the original, and named his son after him. And in the year 72, he predicted a harsh winter for the French, and his forecast was fully confirmed. He had a dream - to visit France, at the grave of Flammarion, to meet his wife Gabrielle. And he nevertheless met her - but not in France, where he was not allowed, but in Moscow at the X Congress of the International Astronomical Union, back in 1958. Anatoly made a report there that, based on observing the Sun, it is possible to predict the weather with great accuracy, moreover, in a given area and for a specific period of time. Everyone applauded him then, and so did she. She was already an old, old lady. Now she is no longer alive.

Did any of the children continue the work of their father? Does he have followers?

He hoped for Camille. Camille, after graduating from the university, remained to work at the Minsk Academy. His father called him to him, and he arrived in the 78th year. He told Camille everything and gave books - read. Eight years the son worked with him and two years without him. He gave forecasts, but, of course, not like his father. He could not work according to his method in meteorology. He had intuition, right? It used to happen that he would go out onto the porch and immediately look: what clouds, where what kind of wind. On a sunny day, he climbs into the tower, observes. When he left for Moscow, I made his observations in the tower. After his death in the 90s, the service was liquidated, the telescope was sold to the mine ... And why do we need a weather station without forecasts? She didn't really need a forecast either. And all these years, even when they once again closed us, we gave forecasts and did not abandon observations. We have accumulated observations since the fortieth year. I still lead them. There is no way to observe the sun, but I record the temperature. I know it won't work for anyone, but I do it for myself. I'm most interested.

"My end has come..."

His birthday is November 7th. And on November 7, 1984, he fell ill. We gathered, the children all arrived. They started talking about science, about some scientist. And he suddenly forgot this scientist! And he couldn't remember. We went with him to spend the night in an old house. And here he is - oh yes oh - walks. "What's wrong with you? Does anything hurt?" - I ask. "Not".

In the morning a doctor was called, he sent him to Kaz for examination. They decided that he urgently needed to be taken to Novokuznetsk. They examined him for a week and made a conclusion: a brain stroke. He didn't remember anyone, not even children. And he recognized me: when I came to the hospital, he grabbed me: "Take me away from here, take me away as soon as possible!" The next day he was discharged and we returned home. It used to happen that I would come to his old house, to his "working room", he speaks, speaks incessantly, and here he is silent. Sit down, eat, lay down on the sofa. And above the sofa there is a shelf, and on the shelf there are books. Here he will get one book, another, shifts them, but cannot read. I conduct observations, manage the housework. I’ll bring him food: if he eats, he lies down, he eats, he lies down.

The new year has passed, February has come.

On February 15, I come in the morning, I look - he himself got up, dressed, put on his shoes. I bring newspapers, he sits down, reads them. I was surprised: what is it, I think, from the very beginning of the disease there was no such thing, probably, I recovered. I ask: "Tol, do you remember our children?" And he: "What are you, crazy? How can I not remember them?" "Well, tell me, Valera, in what year was he born?" He named everyone in a row, he knows everyone.

Sat down to read newspapers. I'm glad I left. I return, and he, apparently, wanted to split the chock, took the ax, and he was seized again: "I, - he says, - immediately everything, everything, got sick." I ran for medicine, I bring it, and it lies on the floor. "Tol, why did you fall apart on the floor? Did you fall?" - "No, I lay down - it's hard ...".

I called Camille, he was at the station, on the mountain: "Camille, my father is bad!" He immediately arrived - skied. He asks: "Dad, what's wrong with you?" And he says: "Camille, my end has come, I'm dying." I called an ambulance, the doctor came, let's give him an injection, but he never gave injections in his life. Persuaded him. It can be seen that it has eased a little, and he let's ask her about medicine. She was about to go to another patient, but he still does not let her go: sit, they say, sit. She nevertheless left, and after 15 minutes he became ill. Heart stopped...

It was Friday, and I went to the mine in order to have time to withdraw 600 rubles from the savings book before the weekend.

He died on the fifteenth at fifteen o'clock fifteen minutes. All fifteen...

Buried in the cold. Twenty degrees, perhaps, but the sun shone brightly. There were a lot of people, they came from Kemerovo, Novokuznetsk. They carried him along Central Street, past the mine administration, and so, in their arms, they carried him to the very graves, they didn’t even put a coffin on the car. True, he asked to be buried not there, but on the top of the mountain, near the observatory, but who will allow it? Yes, and now this observatory is no more ...

They buried, everyone left, I stayed. I've been living like this for 13 years now...

Recorded by Olga SCHUKINA.

The accuracy of weather prediction by meteorologists is the subject of many anecdotes. As wits scoff, weather forecasters with 100% probability can only predict the weather that happened yesterday. Anatoly Dyakov predicted the weather with a probability of up to 90%.

son of teachers

Anatoly Dyakov was born in Ukraine in a family of teachers. The mother taught languages and taught her son English and French. The boy became interested in astronomy, the village teacher gave him a small telescope. In 1933, Dyakov graduated from Odessa University, worked at the Tashkent Observatory and went to continue his education at Moscow State University. Once, in a student environment, he read his notes "Journey from Tashkent to Moscow." The country described in them bore little resemblance to the "happy Land of the Soviets." Denunciation - Butyrka - 3 years of camps.

Subsequently, Dyakov said that he was very lucky: he was taken in 1935, in 1937 they were already shot for such "arts". Z / c Dyakov, among others, ended up in Gornaya Shoria on the construction of the railway.

Astronomer? - Be a weather forecaster

One day Dyakov's consular officer was summoned by the head of the camp. "Are you an astronomer? So, you are appointed chief construction meteorologist. There are three stations at your disposal. Will give three-day forecasts. And try not to make mistakes,” the heavy look of the head of GorShorLag did not promise anything good.

The course of construction was under the vigilant control of Moscow. A day of downtime was seen as sabotage, work in bad weather as sabotage. The local meteorological service prudently, under the plausible pretext of the little-studied climate of Mountain Shoria, chose to evade the honor of taking part in an important construction site. Zek Dyakov did not have the right to vote, and could not refuse. He never made a mistake, and therefore remained alive.

He was released in 1936, but freedom turned out to be illusory. Very soon, Dyakov realized that the release certificate was the same wolf ticket. He returned to Gornaya Shoria to his former place of work, but already as a civilian employee.

The sorcerer from Temirtau

When, at the end of construction, the Meteorological Bureau of Mountain Shoria was transferred to the department of Hydromet, Dyakov entered into a conflict with the leadership: “I will not spread your nonsense! I will make my own predictions. He entered into a competition with the entire meteorological service of the USSR: whose forecast would be more accurate. Dyakov accurately predicted drought and heavy rains, while Hydromet got off with general phrases. The accuracy of his forecasts for Western Siberia for 10 days reached 90-95%, for a month - 80-85%. All the collective farms of Kuzbass very soon began to give preference to Dyakov's forecasts over the official ones.

Relying precisely on Dyakovo's forecasts, the leaders of the collective farms planned plans for sowing and harvesting. In the village of Temirtau, where Dyakov lived, expensive gifts (up to a gold watch!) And bonuses were sent. Under the general pressure of business executives, Anatoly Vitalyevich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor with the wording "for the successes achieved in increasing grain production." The grain growers highly, very highly valued Dyakov's accurate forecasts!

Volyn regional committee, Sverdlovsk, Bashkir, Kemerovo - hundreds of telegrams are stored in the family archive with only one request: "Give a forecast!"

Predicted catastrophes

For 1-2 months, Dyakov could predict such natural disasters as a storm, typhoon, hurricane, heavy rain anywhere in the world. At his own expense, he sent telegrams to France, America, India with warnings of impending cataclysms.

In 1966, Dyakov sent a telegram to Cuba with a hurricane forecast. Surprisingly, the Cubans heeded the warning of an unknown weather forecaster from the Altai village and took action. Hurricane Ines literally destroyed Santo Domingo, Guadeloupe and Haiti. The damage to Cuba due to the measures taken was minimal. A thank you telegram signed by Fidel Castro was sent to Temirtau.

In 1978, Dyakov sent a telegram to Paris weather forecasters warning of an extremely harsh winter ahead. The answer came with a hidden mockery. However, when unprecedented frosts hit France at the predicted time and the damage exceeded 4 billion francs, a telegram of a completely different content came from Paris. The French expressed admiration for the accuracy of the forecast and were interested in the methodology.

There is no prophet in one's own country

Meanwhile, in the homeland Dyakov was considered a charlatan! Official science stubbornly refused to admit that a loner, armed only with a school telescope, is much more useful than a powerful organization with hundreds of branches and a million-dollar budget. The fact is that Dyakov did not recognize the official methodology, according to which the weather is “made” by pressure drops. He believed that the main violin is played by air currents formed under the influence of the Sun and the Earth's magnetic field. It was the appearance and disappearance of spots on the Sun that was the starting point of his calculations.

The large scientific community could not accept this. Otherwise, one would have to admit that the volumes of scientific works for which posts and titles were received are just waste paper.

Brief moment of glory

In 1972, the European part of the USSR suffered the worst drought in the entire 20th century. At one time, Dyakov, who predicted it and was not heard by anyone, when the “thunder struck”, became famous. The government recommended (i.e. ordered) Hydromet to study the Dyakovo method. Dyakov was invited to Obninsk near Moscow to read a report on his methodology.

He came and read his report... in French! It was a slap in the face. The overwhelming majority of men sitting in the hall, loudly calling themselves "scientists" were fluent in only one language - Russian. Academicians and professors were forced to listen to Dyakov through an interpreter.

Dyakov, who returned from his trip, learned that his station was now under the care of the Kuznetsk Iron and Steel Works, which ordered a new powerful telescope for Dyakov in France.

After years

Despite the rapid surge of interest in it, heliometeorology has not become recognized. Anatoly Vitalievich died in 1985. Most of his scientific records have been lost. The only heliometeorological station in the world is abandoned, and during the perestroika years, the authorities exchanged a French telescope for a woodworking machine.

Anatoly Vitalyevich during his lifetime was awarded the national title "god of the weather." He was not born and did not live in Novokuznetsk, but for many years from 1931 to 1985 he collaborated with the Kuznetsk Iron and Steel Works, with the staff of the Novokuznetsk Planetarium. Accurate reports of meteorological forecasts were necessary for the successful operation of the plant and enterprises of the Kuzbass region and the country.
Thanks to the accurate and successful heliometeorological method for determining the weather on the planet in Soviet times, A. V. Dyakov’s scientific research was known all over the world, his reports were requested by institutions in France, Cuba, Japan and other countries.
Anatoly Vitalievich was born on November 7, 1911 in Ukraine, near the village of Onufrievka, Kirovograd region, in a family of folk teachers. Until 1924 he studied at a seven-year school in the village of Adzhamka near the city of Kirovograd. After leaving school, Anatoly's family moved to Kirovograd. There he entered a vocational school, where he studied until 1926. The living conditions in those years were very harsh, cruel, full of hardships (from the autobiographical essay by A. V. Dyakov “How I Became an Astronomer and Meteorologist”).
Interest in astronomy developed in the country and in the world, scientific research and astronomical observations of the luminaries and cosmic phenomena were carried out, popular science novels by the outstanding French astronomer K. N. Flammarion were widely published. In Russia, the Russian Society of Lovers of World Studies has received successful scientific development (during the years of the Great Terror, all members, and there were more than 2,500 thousand of them, suffered from repressions).

The first important astronomical observations that aroused interest in scientific circles, Anatoly Vitalievich made at the age of 13: August 20, 1925, observing a rare cosmic phenomenon and fixing the coordinates of the trajectory of movement in the sky of a large fireball.
In the vocational school where Anatoly studied, an astronomical circle of world studies worked, in which he was elected secretary. From the age of 14, Anatoly held exciting creative meetings on astronomy at factories, factories, and houses of culture.

After graduating from school in 1926, he began preparing for university exams. On September 10, 1928, Dyakov was enrolled in the first year of the Physics and Mathematics Department of the Faculty of the Odessa Institute of Public Education. In his student years, Anatoly Vitalievich, among the first supporters of new discoveries, was interested in the ideas of the peaceful mastery of the energy of the atom.

In May 1932, Anatoly Vitalyevich received from Paris a package with documents on his election as a full member of the French Astronomical Society. After graduating from the university in 1933 with a degree in physics and geophysics, he continued his studies at Moscow University. M. V. Lomonosov at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, where he was accepted immediately to the 4th year.

In 1934, not having time to graduate from the university, Anatoly Vitalyevich was arrested on a denunciation and exiled to Siberia, to Gornaya Shoria to build a railway for the mine. Having learned about his abilities, knowledge of astronomy and meteorology, in July 1936, by decision of the leadership, Anatoly Vitalyevich was appointed to the position of head of the hydrometeorological service at the construction of the Gornoshorskaya railway (helio-meteorological observations, reports and forecasts were used and needed in construction and geological exploration).

July 1943 to December 1948 he holds the position of head of the meteorological bureau of Gornaya Shoria.

On May 8, 1945, speaking with a report at the executive committee of the Kuzedeevsky District Council of Deputies, Anatoly Vitalyevich proposed the need to build a research heliometeorological station. From 1946 to 1950 under the leadership of Anatoly Vitalyevich, the construction of an observatory-type heliometeorological station was carried out, the place was allocated taking into account the wishes of the academician I. P. Bardina.

For the construction of the building and the organization of work, a site was allocated on the top of Mount Ulu-Dag (translated from Turkic as Big Mountain): 15 hectares for a climatic reserve and 8 hectares for a meteorological station . Anatoly Dyakov named the Mountain Shor helio-meteorological observatory after the outstanding French scientist and astronomer Camille Flammarion, whom he considered the Teacher in life and science all his life (at present, the heliometeorological station on Mount Ulu-Dag has not been preserved).

In 1953, Anatoly Vitalyevich prepared the scientific work "The physical mechanism of the effects of solar activity on the processes of circulation of the earth's atmosphere."
Anatoly Vitalyevich's forecasts were based on daily observations of activity on the Sun, on the study of the experience and work of previous modern and foreign scientists, innovative meteorologists, on the knowledge of higher mathematics, physics, thermodynamics, the movement of air masses around the planet and the unique intuition of a scientific researcher, the forecasts were accurate 100%.

For forecasting, not only metallurgical plants of the region turned to him, geologists, sea captains needed forecasts. Working in Temir-Tau (Kemerovo region), he sent reports to the departments of different countries: about droughts and frosts, storms and typhoons in the Atlantic. Compiled and sent at his own expense telegrams to England, France, India, Japan, America, Canada.
Despite the international success and relevance of A. V. Dyakov’s method of researching heliometeorological observations, official science has not mastered his experience. In Soviet times, Anatoly Vitalyevich was repeatedly dismissed from his post, the work of the research heliometeorological station was closed. But in all the difficulties and trials of life, Anatoly Vitalyevich remained honest and devoted to his beloved science of helio-meteorology.
The earthly path of Anatoly Vitalievich ended on February 15, 1985.
Weather god Anatoly Dyakov: “I have the honor to warn ... about a typhoon” / Olga Volkova, June 3, 2015.

The students that day met with his children - Camille and Elena, who told about their father and his work.Lyceum students, together with their teacher Olga Torgashova, who knows the Dyakov family well, collect documents and make a request to the administration of Novokuznetsk in order to name one of the streets of the city after this meteorologist, famous for his ultra-accurate weather forecasts, who gained fame in many countries of the world, nicknamed popularly known as the god of the weather.

The construction of the Kuznetsk Iron and Steel Works was in full swing, roads and railway lines were laid across the impenetrable taiga, daily weather forecasts were needed for successful work. Despite the fact that Dyakov's specialty was far from meteorology, he was appointed the chief "for the weather" of the Gorno-Shorskaya railway. On June 12, 1936, he made his first forecast: "Slightly cloudy weather is favorable for construction work." It all started with him.
When the term of exile ended, he remained in Kuzbass.
Dyakov settled not far from Temirtau, later he built a small domed tower with his own hands, which he called the Camille Flammarion Heliometeorological Observatory of Kuzbass. All his life he followed the teachings of this French scientist, who was the first to indicate the dependence of the weather on the activity of the Sun. Here, observing the activity of the luminary, Dyakov built a physical and mathematical model of the interaction of the main air currents with the geomagnetic field of the Earth, indicated the dependence of atmospheric processes on the dynamics of changes in the area of sunspots, which had never occurred to anyone before this “eccentric from Siberia”.

His ten-day forecasts came true almost 100%, the monthly ones were justified by more than 80 percent. Working in Temirtau, he predicted droughts and frosts in Europe, storms and typhoons in the Atlantic. Compiled and sent at his own expense telegrams to England, France, India, America. In 1966, a message flew to Cuba: “Gentlemen, I have the honor to warn you about the appearance of a strong hurricane in the Caribbean Sea at the end of the third decade of September. Anatoly Dyakov, head of the heliometeorological station of Gornaya Shoria.

The forecast from distant unknown Siberia caused considerable surprise, but the government of the island of Freedom, just in case, took measures, the fishing boats did not go to sea. Later in the newspapers there was a message about the hurricane "Ines", which devastated Guadeloupe, Santa Domingo, Haiti for 100 million dollars. This is one example, there are many of them in the history of world meteorology in the early 1970s.

Meticulously, getting in touch with the Sun three times a day, Dyakov dictated telegrams in French to countries threatened by weather disasters. Thanks to his mother, he knew this language perfectly, an old record of the Krugozor magazine, which released the first flexible records, preserved one of his messages.

And once, in the language of Camille Flammarion, whom he revered, he made a report at the first All-Union Conference "Solar-atmospheric relations in the theory of climate and weather forecasting", held in Moscow.
Among specialists, the name of Dyakov was already widely known, but most often representatives of official science called his approach pseudoscientific, and his forecasting method was not recognized. The skeptical smirks of the listeners of that famous report, for which an interpreter into Russian had to be urgently sought, were eclipsed by the shouts of “bravo” and thunderous applause.

Oddly enough, fame came to Anatoly Dyakov from abroad, from there they constantly consulted with him, the heads of state sent him thanks, helped with equipment. In his native Fatherland, pundits did not notice him, while popular recognition expanded and strengthened. All the shipping companies knew his address, the heads of the expeditions did not go on the route without receiving his long-term forecast, the chairmen of the collective farms did not start sowing and harvesting.
Meanwhile, Dyakov was known as an unrecognized genius and eccentric, and his book “Foresight of weather for long periods on an energy-climatic basis”, completed back in 1954, was never published, just as heliometeorology was not recognized as a science.

Nevertheless, his work was noted by the Soviet government. In 1972 Anatoly Vitalievich was awarded Order of the Red Banner for merits in increasing the production of grain. And soon the Novosibirsk hydrometeorological department, under whose command the village station was located, fired an overly active and obstinate employee for violating labor discipline.

His son Camille, named after the French scientist, carefully preserves his father's works, bundles of telegrams that flocked to the Siberian village from all over the world. “Where are you, God of the weather?” They still call him, but he will not answer, the genius of forecasts took his gift of foresight with him. In a small house at 30 Sadovaya Street, on an old chest of drawers, there is a photograph of him: an open, strong-willed face framed by wild, once dark curls, expressive eyes, in which there is a secret that he never revealed.

(1985 )

Anatoly Vitalievich Dyakov(November 7 -) - Soviet astronomer and meteorologist. Born in the village of Omelnik. He died in March 1985 in Temirtau. The main area of research is heliometeorology: the development of an original methodology for long-term weather forecasting (for a month and a season), taking into account fluctuations in solar activity (the number of sunspots, the dynamics of their development, the ratio of the moments of passage of groups of spots through the central meridian of the Sun with maxima and minima of natural oscillations of the earth's atmosphere).

Biography

Achievements

Based on the author's methodology, Anatoly Dyakov for a number of years issued long-term weather forecasts for some regions of the globe, in particular, he predicted hurricane Ines (Hurricane Inez) in 1966, which he notified Fidel Castro in a telegram. Thanks to the warning, hundreds of ships were withdrawn from the dangerous area. Predicted drought - drought in the USSR in 1972. Predicted frosts in France. Participated in the All-Union Conference on Astronomy in the city of Obninsk, where he made a presentation in French. [what?] .

Heritage

Dyakov's meteorological laboratory was destroyed after his death, and the methodology and scientific works were largely lost. In 2012, Dyakov's book was published (at the initiative of his son, who retained some of the author's materials of his father) "Forecasting the weather for a long time on an energy-climatological basis."

Separate Russian meteorologists on their own initiative are making attempts to recreate the Dyakov method.

Criticism

Official Soviet meteorologists were skeptical about Dyakov's method. On the results of the verification of Dyakov’s forecasts by specialists of the USSR State Hydrometeorological Committee: “The verification of Dyakov’s forecasts was carried out objectively and in good faith by a special commission…. The result of the check turned out to be generally deplorable for all types of his forecasts. For all the vagueness of his formulations, the success of the forecasts turned out to be within the limits of random coincidences (about 50%) ".

Family

Sister - Dyakova-Tolkacheva Olga Vitalievna - Soviet writer (1913−1973)
Son - Dyakov Camill, lives in the village of Temirtau.

Son - Dyakov Valery (1950-1996) lived in Novokuznetsk.

Awards

Anatoly Vitalyevich Dyakov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for the successes achieved in increasing grain production.

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Notes

Literature

Giorgio V. A., Romanov N. N. “Is the use of solar activity in weather forecasting at the present time realistic?” //Meteorology and hydrology. 1973. No. 8 pp. 99-103

An excerpt characterizing Dyakov, Anatoly Vitalievich

- Well, what is there! - he said angrily, and after listening to verbal orders from his father and taking the submitted envelopes and a letter from his father, he returned to the nursery.
- Well? asked Prince Andrew.
- All the same, wait for God's sake. Karl Ivanovich always says that sleep is the most precious thing, whispered Princess Mary with a sigh. - Prince Andrei went up to the child and felt him. He was on fire.
- Get out you and your Karl Ivanovich! - He took a glass with drops dripped into it and again approached.
Andre, don't! - said Princess Mary.
But he frowned at her angrily and at the same time with pain and bent down to the child with a glass. “Well, I want it,” he said. - Well, I beg you, give it to him.
Princess Marya shrugged her shoulders, but dutifully took a glass and, calling the nanny, began to give medicine. The child screamed and wheezed. Prince Andrei, grimacing, holding his head, left the room and sat down in the next room, on the sofa.
The letters were all in his hand. He mechanically opened them and began to read. The old prince, on blue paper, in his large, oblong handwriting, using titles in some places, wrote the following:
“I received very joyful news at this moment through a courier, if not a lie. Benigsen near Eylau allegedly won a complete victory over Bonaparte. In St. Petersburg everyone rejoices, e awards are sent to the army to bear the end. Although the German - congratulations. The chief of Korchevsky, a certain Khandrikov, I can’t comprehend what he is doing: additional people and provisions have not yet been delivered. Now jump there and say that I will take off his head so that everything will be in a week. I also received a letter from Petinka about the Battle of Eylau, he participated, - everything is true. When they do not interfere with anyone who should not interfere, then the German beat Buonapartia. They say he runs very upset. Look, immediately jump to Korcheva and fulfill it!
Prince Andrei sighed and opened another envelope. It was a small letter written on two sheets of paper from Bilibin. He folded it without reading it and again read his father's letter, ending with the words: "jump to Korcheva and fulfill it!" “No, excuse me, now I won’t go until the child recovers,” he thought, and, going to the door, looked into the nursery. Princess Mary was still standing by the bed, quietly rocking the baby.
“Yes, what else is he writing unpleasant? Prince Andrei recalled the content of his father's letter. Yes. Ours won a victory over Bonaparte precisely when I was not serving ... Yes, yes, everything is making fun of me ... well, yes, good luck ... ”and he began to read Bilibin’s French letter. He read without understanding half of it, read only in order to stop thinking for a minute about what he had been thinking exclusively and painfully about for too long.

Bilibin was now in the capacity of a diplomatic official at the main headquarters of the army and, although in French, with French jokes and turns of speech, but with exceptionally Russian fearlessness before self-condemnation and self-mockery, he described the entire campaign. Bilibin wrote that his diplomatic discretion [modesty] tormented him, and that he was happy to have a faithful correspondent in Prince Andrei, to whom he could pour out all the bile that had accumulated in him at the sight of what was happening in the army. This letter was old, even before the Battle of Eylau.
"Depuis nos grands succes d" Austerlitz vous savez, mon cher Prince, wrote Bilibin, que je ne quitte plus les quartiers generaux. Decidement j "ai pris le gout de la guerre, et bien m" en a pris. Ce que j " ai vu ces trois mois, est incroyable.
“Je commence ab ovo. L "ennemi du genre humain, comme vous savez, s" attaque aux Prussiens. Les Prussiens sont nos fideles allies, qui ne nous ont trompes que trois fois depuis trois ans. Nous prenons fait et cause pour eux. Mais il se trouve que l "ennemi du genre humain ne fait nulle attention a nos beaux discours, et avec sa maniere impolie et sauvage se jette sur les Prussiens sans leur donner le temps de finir la parade commencee, en deux tours de main les rosse a plate couture et va s "installer au palais de Potsdam.
"J" ai le plus vif desir, ecrit le Roi de Prusse a Bonaparte, que VM soit accueillie et traitee dans mon palais d "une maniere, qui lui soit agreable et c" est avec empres sement, que j "ai pris a cet effet toutes les mesures que les circonstances me permettaient. Puisse je avoir reussi! Les generaux Prussiens se piquent de politesse envers les Francais et mettent bas les armes aux premieres sommations.
“Le chef de la garienison de Glogau avec dix mille hommes, demande au Roi de Prusse, ce qu" il doit faire s "il est somme de se rendre?… Tout cela est positif.
“Bref, esperant en imposer seulement par notre attitude militaire, il se trouve que nous voila en guerre pour tout de bon, et ce qui plus est, en guerre sur nos frontieres avec et pour le Roi de Prusse. Tout est au grand complet, il ne nous manque qu "une petite chose, c" est le general en chef. Comme il s "est trouve que les succes d" Austerlitz aurant pu etre plus decisifs si le general en chef eut ete moins jeune, on fait la revue des octogenaires et entre Prosorofsky et Kamensky, on donne la preference au derienier. Le general nous arrive en kibik a la maniere Souvoroff, et est accueilli avec des acclamations de joie et de triomphe.