Win-win tactics in naval combat. Secrets of the game in sea battle
If you have not tried to play Sea Battle, then most likely you have been abandoned by aliens. Because in the to-do list of a Russian schoolboy, the game "Battleship" is marked as "a sure remedy for boredom" and today is the time to make sure!
Let's learn how to play Sea Battle online - in Russian for free and without registration. You don't even need an opponent - fight the computer! Let's start with the basics.
Rules how to play sea battle on a piece of paper
The original Sea Battle is a classic board game of tactics and attentiveness, where two players were supposed to draw 2 10 × 10 grids on a piece of paper in a box with letters horizontally and numbers vertically. The first is a field for placing your fleet of 10 ships so that the opponent does not see. The second is a battle plan with a mark of moves towards the enemy.
The fleet consists of:
- 1 "four-deck battleship";
- 2 "three-deck cruisers";
- 3 "double-deck destroyers";
- 4 "single-deck boats".
When placing, a distance of 1 cell must be taken into account (ships should not touch either sides or sterns).
Each player in turn calls the other the possible coordinates of the target and, according to the answers: “past”, “wounded” or “killed”, he orients himself in the situation - he tries to build a strategy for destruction and analyze the plans of the opponent. Hitting the ship is rewarded with the right to make one more move.
In the online version of the naval battle, you do not need to draw anything and mark the coordinates of each point too - the computer will do this automatically and complement each move with a funny animation. You start playing first and can follow the statistics of moves.
How to arrange ships to win in Sea Battle
The most vulnerable targets are four-deck and three-deck ships, they are easy to identify if you shoot at an interval of three cells. Usually they are placed far apart, but in the same diagonal, at an angle. Get around this rule - put the ships more closely - all large vertically or horizontally.
Keep in mind the mandatory distance between the occupied positions: there can be no other targets within a radius of one cell from the wrecked ships.
Try to reduce the area of occupied areas and confuse the enemy - place the smallest ships "in plain sight".
The enemy will definitely shoot near the point of impact to determine whether the downed warship is located - vertically or horizontally. To gain time and provoke a mistake, change the spatial arrangement of ships of the same type and use the edge of the grid to the maximum.
Think like an adversary. In most cases, enemy ships are located at a distance from each other, to complicate the task of identifying them, hit randomly, but remember about the placement rules (there cannot be other occupied positions within a radius of one cell).
Ready to test how effective this method of playing Battleship is? Open the game in full screen and have a good battle! We are waiting for your results in the comments.
Control
Use the computer mouse to click on the ship and hold the mouse down to drag the battleships onto the grid.
To change the position in space (turn horizontally or vertically) - hold Ctrl while the boat is out of the grid and only then click and drag.
Incredibly popular game on paper. And although now there are special game kits for Sea Battle, as well as a lot of computer implementations, the classic version on a piece of paper remains the most popular.
The goal of the game is to sink the enemy's ships before they can sink yours.
Rules of the game "Sea battle"
Two players play. Each of them needs a piece of paper (preferably in a cage), a pencil or a pen. The game begins with the preparation of the field. Two squares of 10 × 10 cells are drawn on the sheet. On one of them, their ships will be placed, in the other, "fire" will be fired at enemy ships. The sides of the squares are signed with letters horizontally and numbers vertically.
It is necessary to agree in advance which letters will be written (the main disputes arise whether or not to use the letter “Yo”). By the way, in some schools, instead of the boring alphabet, they write the word "REPUBLIC" - it just contains 10 non-repeating letters. This is especially useful for those who have not mastered the alphabet.
Arrangement of ships
Next, the deployment of fleets begins. The classic rules of naval combat say that there should be 4 ships in one cell (“single-deck” or “single-tube”), 3 ships in 2 cells, 2 - in 3 cells and one - four-deck. All ships must be straight, no curved or "diagonal" allowed. The ships are placed on the playing field in such a way that there is always a gap of one cell between them, that is, they should not touch each other either by the sides or by the corners. In this case, ships can touch the edges of the field and occupy corners.
A game
When the ships are placed, the players take turns firing "shots", naming the squares according to their "coordinates": "A1", "B6", etc. If the cell is occupied by a ship or part of it, the enemy must answer "wounded" or "killed "("sunk"). This cell is crossed out with a cross and you can make another shot. If there is no ship in the named cell, a dot is placed in the cell and the turn passes to the opponent. The game is played until the complete victory of one of the players, that is, until all the ships are sunk. At the end of the game, the loser can ask the winner to look at his ship placement.
Mastery
If you think that sea battle is a game built solely on luck and luck, then you are mistaken. In fact, it has both strategy and tactics, which we will talk about in conclusion.
So - about tricks, as well as various honest and not very honest methods of playing naval battle:
- First of all (and this is the most important thing!), you need to keep your sheet with the ships so that the enemy cannot spy on your location;
- Be sure to keep a record of your own and other people's moves, marking them with dots. So shots on the same cells will be excluded;
- Having sunk an enemy ship, also surround it with dots so as not to shoot at places where there are obviously no ships;
- You should not put ships in the corners of the field: usually beginners shoot at them first of all. However, exceptions will be discussed below;
- It is necessary to develop a strategy for placement. A good result is the uneven distribution of ships: collect all the "large" ships in one or two dense groups, and hide the remaining "one-deck" ships separately in secret places on the playing field. In this case, the enemy will quickly figure out and defeat the grouping of large ships, and then it will take a long time to search for the remaining small ones;
- After killing a large ship, the enemy surrounds it with dots. So, having found a “four-deck”, the enemy immediately opens (4 + 1 + 1) * 3 = 18 cells (that is, 18% or almost 1/5 of the field). "Three-deck" gives 15 cells (15%), "two-deck" - 12%, and "single-deck" - 9%. If you put the “four-deck” against the wall, then it will allow you to open only 12 cells (10 for a three-deck, 8 for a two-deck). If you put the "four-deck" in general in a corner, it will allow you to open only 10 cells (8, 6 and 4, respectively). Of course, if the enemy realizes that all the ships are on the edge, he will quickly sink them. Therefore, it is better to use this advice in combination with the previous one.
- Shooting tactics can also be different. However, the destruction of enemy ships is best to start with the search for a "four-deck". To do this, you can shoot diagonally, or draw a rhombus, or shoot through 3 cells on the fourth. As soon as a four-deck ship is found, we look for three-deck ones, then two ... Of course, in the process of searching, “every little thing” will come across and make adjustments to the plans.
And here is a dishonest way: to arrange all the ships, except for the last one-deck ship (it will act as the Elusive submarine). And he will be placed (and killed) only in the last remaining cell. Dealing with this is easy enough: let the players arrange the ships in one color, and fire in another. It is possible, for example, for players to have pens or pencils of different colors and, after placing the ships, simply change pens.
A couple of days ago I was surprised to learn that some of my friends do not know how to play sea battle. Those. Of course, they know the rules, but they play somehow haphazardly and as a result often lose. In this post, I will try to outline the main ideas that will help you level up your game.
Rules of the game
There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:All listed ships must be placed on a 10 by 10 square field, and the ships cannot touch either corners or sides. The playing field itself is numbered from top to bottom, and the verticals are marked with Russian letters from "A" to "K" (the letters "Yo" and "Y" are skipped).
An enemy field of the same size is drawn nearby. In case of a successful shot at the enemy ship, a cross is placed on the corresponding cell of the enemy field and a second shot is fired;
Optimal Strategy
There is always an element of randomness in the game of naval combat, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to voice one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on its field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is the lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. That. to play effectively, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.In the following explanation, the following notation will be used:
Optimal Shooting
The first and most obvious rule for optimal shooting is the following rule: do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.
In accordance with the notation adopted above, in the figure, those cells on which unsuccessful shots have already been fired are marked in yellow, the cells on which the shots ended in a hit are marked in red, and the cells that were not fired on are marked in green, but it can be guaranteed that the ships there are no ships in them (ships cannot be there, because according to the rules of the game, ships cannot touch each other).
The second rule immediately follows from the first rule: if you managed to knock out an enemy ship, you must immediately finish it off in order to get a list of guaranteed free cells as soon as possible.
The third rule follows from the first two: you must first try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that by destroying an enemy battleship, at best, we will immediately receive information about 14 guaranteed free cells, and by destroying a cruiser, only about 12.
That. the optimal firing strategy can be reduced to a targeted search and destruction of the largest enemy ships. Unfortunately, it is not enough to formulate a strategy, it is necessary to propose a way to implement it.
To begin with, let's consider a 4 by 4 cell area of the playing field. If there is an enemy battleship in the area under consideration, then it is guaranteed to be knocked out in no more than 4 shots. To do this, you need to shoot in such a way that there is exactly one checked cell on each horizontal and vertical. below are all options for such shooting (excluding reflections and turns).
Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a field of 10 by 10 cells, guaranteeing a hit in a battleship in a maximum of 24 shots.
After the enemy battleship is destroyed, it is necessary to start searching for cruisers, and then destroyers. In this case, as you may have guessed, you can use a similar technique. Only now it is necessary to divide the field into squares with a side of 3 and 2 cells, respectively.
If you used the second strategy when searching for a battleship, then to search for cruisers and destroyers you need to shoot at the following fields (green indicates the fields that you have already fired at when searching for a battleship):
There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.
Optimal ship placement
The optimal strategy for placing ships is in some sense the reverse of the optimal strategy for firing. When shooting, we tried to find the largest ships in order to reduce the number of cells that need to be checked at the expense of guaranteed free cells. This means that when placing ships, they must be placed in such a way that, in case of their loss, the number of guaranteed free cells is minimized. As you remember, the battleship in the center of the field opens 14 fields for the enemy at once, but the battleship standing in the corner opens only 6 fields for the enemy:Similarly, a cruiser standing in a corner opens only 6 fields instead of 12. Thus, by placing large ships along the field boundary, you leave more room for boats. Because there is no strategy for finding boats, the enemy will have to shoot at random, and the more free fields you have left by the time you catch the boats, the harder it will be for the enemy to win.
Below are three ways to place capital ships that leave a lot of room for boats (marked in blue):
Each of the above arrangements leaves exactly 60 free cells for boats, which means that the probability of accidentally hitting a boat is 0.066. For comparison, it is worth giving a random arrangement of ships:
With this arrangement, only 21 cells remain for boats, which means that the probability of hitting a boat is already 0.19, i.e. almost 3 times higher.
In conclusion, I want to say that you should not spend too much time playing sea battle. I especially want to warn you against playing in lectures. When I was sitting in Wabi Sabi and playing sea battle with my girlfriend, a waitress walked by and said that she plays quite well, because. I practiced a lot in pairs. Who knows what she would have worked for if she had listened to lectures at one time?
P.S. The comments absolutely correctly indicate that there were already similar publications on Habré, it would be wrong not to put links to them.
STRATEGY AND AGAIN STRATEGY.
And now I will prove it to you. Let's start with how to shoot! Actually, it was necessary to start with the arrangement, but we will leave it for later, because. after you understand how to shoot, it will be easier for you to understand the basics of the deployment. Lesson one: never fire at one point, this is the most hopeless thing I have ever seen! Lesson two: if in one place you shot down several ships, but you still have holes (an unfired cell around which all the cells are fired on!), then never rush to plug them if the enemy has at least one ship more than a two-room ship (including a two-room ship)!
Let's move on to firing strategies! Personally, I single out two LINCOR and OPERATION THREE! (Maybe they have other names, it’s just that I came up with my own mind to everything I’m writing about now! And therefore I think I have the right to give them my own names!) Let’s stop at the first one!
It consists in finding and destroying the most clumsy battleship as quickly as possible! Thus significantly reducing the enemy field! You can knock him out 100% with 24 shots! This is how they should line up! * marked shots, about the cells that I would advise you to leave for later! And with numbers 1 (of which, by the way, there are eight) shots that must be made FIRST! In this case, from the first 8 shots you will get
34% battleship
50% three
45% kopeck piece
32% single
Table number times:
|————|
|__a b c d e f h i j |
| 1)o o o 1 o o o * o o |
| 2) o o * o o o * o o o |
| 3)o * o o o * o o o * |
| 4)1 o o o 1 o o o * o |
| 5)o o o 1 o o o * o o |
| 6)o o * o o o 1 o o o |
| 7) o * o o o 1 o o o 1 |
| 8)* o o o * o o o * o |
| 9)o o o * o o o * o o |
| 0)o o * o o o 1 o o o |
I————|
In fact, it could have been more! But for hardened opponents, LARGE ships, as a rule, stand at the sides!
Then methodically start shooting other stars! It goes without saying that after hitting a ship, kill it! After you shoot them all
Let's go to table number two!
There are two tables:
Her task is to kill all the remaining threes and twos! * I marked those fields where you should have already visited, o fields that you don’t need to shoot at, and z exactly those cells where you need to shoot! There are 24 of them in total, but you have already taken out half of the fleet! And so you only have about 15 shots left! Well, after that it's just a matter of luck in the fight against odnushki! But it's at the very end! Moreover, if the enemy
arranged his fleet not very skillfully, then odnushki will not pose any particular problems for you.
It goes without saying that you can shoot not only as I showed! But the main thing is that this principle is preserved!
I————I
I__a b c d e f g h i j i
I 1)o z o * o z o * o z I
I 2)z o * o z o * o z o I
I 3) o * o z o * o z o * I
I 4)* o z o * o z o * o I
I 5) o z o * o z o * o z I
I 6)z o * o z o * o z o I
I 7) o * o z o * o z o * I
I 8)* o z o * o z o * o I
I 9)o z o * o z o * o z I
I 0)z o * o z o * o z o I
I————I
OPERATION TRYOSHKA!
As you may have already guessed, it consists in finding the opponent's threes! (and along with the battleship!)
Here are your shots (there are 36 in total)! Having fired all the shots, you will hit the battleship, both threes, almost certainly one twos (maybe two) and one one! Well, not bad enough for 36 shots! But what to do next? Just shoot relying on luck. So, better choose LINCOR! Although you have 0.25% that by shooting at these fields you will hit all the ships! Of course, these two tactics work not only on the cells that I have shown in the tables! Each table has up to 8 mirrors! That is, if you, for example, rotate the table by 90 degrees, and mentally transfer the letters and numbers, you will get a new table value with the same strategy! But with completely different lumbago cells! Therefore, the arrangement with which this strategy (and at the same time all others) would work very poorly (for example, do not knock down not one kopeck piece and not one odnushka!) DOES NOT EXIST! Although there is a formation against THIS type of this strategy, but with a different type of strategy you will get a 100% hit!
|————|
|__a b c d e f h i j |
| 1)o o * o o * o o * o |
| 2) o * o o * o o * o o |
| 3)* o o * o o * o o * |
| 4)o o * o o * o o * o |
| 5) o * o o * o o * o o |
| 6)* o o * o o * o o * |
| 7)o o * o o * o o * o |
| 8)o * o o * o o * o o |
| 9)* o o * o o * o o * |
| 0)o o * o o * o o * o |
|————|
. ARRANGEMENT.
Based on the fact that the ships can not touch each other! Therefore, if you, for example, put a battleship in the middle, and the enemy hits it, then you will lose 18 cells (4 cells of the battleship and 16 cells around it!)! Therefore, the battleship must be placed against the wall! And even if the enemy quickly hits him, you won't lose many cells! Below I will give an example of two arrangements!
o-blank field
1-odnushki
2-dvushki
3-threes
4 battleship
*-cells next to the ships (around them)! That is, cells on which ships cannot stand.
1) |————| 2)|————|
|__a b c d e f h i j | |__a b c d e f h i j |
| 1)* * * * * * * * * * o | | 1) o o o o * 4 4 4 4 |
| 2)* 4 4 4 4 * * 2 * * | | 2)o o o o o * * * * * |
| 3)* * * * * * * 2 * 1 | | 3) o o o o o * 3 3 3 |
| 4)* * * * * * * * * * * | | 4) o o o o o o * * * * |
| 5)* 3 * * 3 * * * * * | | 5) o o o o o * 3 3 3 |
| 6)* 3 * * 3 * * 2 * 1 | | 6)o o o o o * * * * * |
| 7)* 3 * * 3 * * 2 * * | | 7)o o o o o * 1 * 2 2 |
| 8)* * * * * * * * * * | | 8)o o o o o * * * * * |
| 9)* 2 2 * * 1 * * 1 * | | 9)* * * * * * * 2 * 2 |
| 0)* * * * * * * * * * | | 0)1 * 1 * * 1 * 2 * 2 |
|————| |————|
As you can see, there is only one zero left in the arrangement 1! While in arrangement 2 there are 43 of them.
Why is it bad that there is only one zero left, you ask? And imagine that you shot down a battleship and three rubles!
If you set up your ships according to the first strategy, then you will lose 48 cells (10 cells from the ships and 38 cells adjacent to them!)! And by placing your ships according to strategy two, you will lose only 26 cells! Almost twice less! Now imagine that all your ships were shot down and there was only one odnushka left (which, by the way, happens VERY often.). With a spread of 1, you will have a MAXIMUM of 6 cells left! That is, with 6 shots, the enemy will 100% kill you! But when playing 2 with a hand, you will still have a lot of free, unoccupied cells. And the enemy will spend more than one move to win. Of course, everything is not so perfect by itself, and the opponent will immediately miscalculate your strategy with such an arrangement! Therefore, we are looking for a golden mean, but with a bias towards the second arrangement! Yes, this is the golden mean! Rather, its sample.
As you can see, the gorables are located here in one corner! Thus, leaving the second half completely empty! Now we take and transfer some two ships (preferably one) to an empty corner! Even if the enemy kills all your ships, it will take a very long time to look for your last odnushki! And you will have time to kill him five times.
Did you think that aviation is involved in this battle? No, but there is a ship of a very bizarre shape. In total, 9 ships take part in the battle, which are shown in the figure. The rest of the rules of the game are the same as usual.
Naval battle with mines
In addition to ships, 3 mines are placed on the field (they are indicated by circles). Moreover, the mines may well be located next to the ships. If a player hits a mine with a shot, it means that his ship was literally blown up by a mine and it is necessary to inform the enemy of the coordinates of one of his ships, considering it sunk. The player himself chooses which ship to "sacrifice", you can give away not only unharmed, but also already wounded ships.
The rest of the rules are the same as usual. However, if you play with aircraft carriers, then when a ship is wounded, it is necessary to inform the enemy which ship is wounded. For example: "Double-deck wounded."
Advice. If you play a sea battle with mines, when you miss, it’s better to say not “past”, but “water”, since the words “past” and “mine” are very consonant.
"Shoot! Pali!"
This "Sea Battle" is much more difficult than the previous ones. In one turn, the player makes 3 shots at once. In response, "under fire" names the ships that came under fire (if any), but does not report the exact coordinates. For example: "One hit in a four-deck and one in a two-deck, the third shot missed." The exact coordinates are reported only when the ship is completely destroyed, while the wounded ships must be searched for on their own.
Trying to find and sink wounded three-deck ships, one should not forget that you can accidentally find another three-deck ship - that is, it is important not to mislead yourself by interpreting the accuracy of your volleys. For example, in the figure above, a three-deck ship was wounded by the first salvo (black dots). The next volley (red dots) - the three-deck one was again wounded, and now all six cells should be "under suspicion", and not just those two that are nearby.
Players shoot strictly in turn, even if all three shots were successful.
"Shoot! Pali!" – 2
In this variant of "Naval battle" in one turn, the player makes as many shots as he has ships afloat. To equalize the chances of opponents, first each player makes a volley, then the results are summed up with the message of the coordinates of the hits.
How to win at Sea Battle
How best to arrange the ships
As you know, large ships are most quickly detected by the enemy, and submarines, or single-deck boats, usually remain “for a snack”. Therefore, it makes no sense to "hide" large ships, but it is worth making it difficult for the enemy to search for submarines. You can do this by placing your “naval forces” very compactly (see Figure 1): there are more than half of the field left for four submarines (60 cells highlighted in blue)! If the ships are arranged arbitrarily, the submarines have much less room “for maneuvers”: for example, in Figure 2, the submarines have only 29 cells left.
 |
 |
| Rice. one | Rice. 2 |
While the enemy is scouring for your small ships (you have to be lucky to destroy them in less than 30 shots), you will surely smash his fleet.
Shooting tactics
Since with each sunken ship the search area for the rest narrows noticeably, you should first of all focus on destroying large ships, which are always easier to find. Therefore, first we fire at the enemy’s field diagonally with a distance of 3 cells (red cells in the figure) - a four-deck ship will not hide from such “mortar bursts”. Along the way, smaller boats will probably come across.
As soon as the four-deck is sunk, you can move on to more frequent fire (yellow cells in the figure), literally sweeping the remaining two-deck and three-deck ships from the enemy field. After such a heavy fire, all that remains is to “probe” the cells on which the surviving submarines can hide.