Numbers in German with pronunciation. German counting as an important detail when learning a foreign language. How to pronounce numerals to indicate prices

German arithmetic is important when first learning the language. As a rule, the first words upon arrival in a country where German is spoken are related to shopping in a store. And where money is involved, you also need to know how to count. In German, it is also important to know the numerals if you want to remember the reading rules. This would be a great mnemonic device.

Counting to 10 in German

To begin with, you just need to talk about how numbers up to ten are read and written in German.

One is pronounced "eins" and is written as follows: eins. Do not confuse this word with the German language - ein. Thus, the phrase “one house” will be read as “ein Haus”. And if we are already talking about the building number, then the German counting will be used: “Haus Nummer eins” - translated as “house number 1”.

Two - zwei, read: "tswei".

Three - drei, pronounced as follows: "dray".

Four - vier, in Russian it sounds like “fir” with a long “i” sound.

Further, respectively: fünf (“fyunf”), sechs (“zex”, the letter s at the beginning of the word is read as voiced), sieben (“zibn”, also with a long “i”), acht (“aht”), neun ( "noin") and zehn ("zein"). You can also add 11 and 12 to these numerals, since they are not read according to the rules: “elf” and “zwölf”, respectively. Elf - 11, zwölf - 12.

Counting in German from 1 to 12 is taught in the very early stages of learning the language, by both adults and children almost immediately after the alphabet. Next comes the complication: tens, hundreds, etc.

How to pronounce numerals to indicate prices

When purchasing goods, it will be important to know that the Germans do not say the word “euro”, “dollar”, “cent”, etc. So, if the cost of the product is, for example, 3.5 euro, then it will sound like “three fifty ": drei fünfzig. Accordingly, more complex prices will also be read without indicating the names of the currency: 25.25 euro - “twenty-five twenty-five”: fünfun dzwanzig fünfun dzwanzig.

German counting for remembering reading rules

In German, as a rule, words are read as they are written. However, there are exceptions and difficulties, for example diphthongs, which can sometimes be difficult to remember. German numerals are very suitable for remembering reading rules. This mnemonic device will help consolidate the material studied and will serve as a kind of cheat sheet.

So, for example, in the first numerals of German counting we see the diphthong “ei”, which is read as “ai”: eins, zwei, drei.

Further, in number 4 - vier, there is a completely different diphthong - ie. It is read with a long “i” sound (fiir). We see the same sound in the number “seven” - sieben. Many language learners confuse these diphthongs because they are very similar. However, if you memorize the writing of numerals in the language of Goethe and Schiller, then this will be an excellent cheat sheet for all times.

German counting will also help when memorizing other diphthongs. Thus, the diphthong “eu”, read as “oh”, is seen in the number “neun” - nine.

And the rules for reading the letter h after vowels can be understood if you know the rules for reading the number 10 - zehn, “zein”.

Here are the rules for reading other special letters. So, for example, z is read as “ts”, and this follows from the pronunciation of the numbers “two” - “zwei”, “twelve” - “zwölf”.

A striking example of the rule for reading the letter s at the beginning of a word is the numbers “six” and “seven”: “zeks”, “zibn”.

Learning to ask and tell the time

In German, to find out what time it is, you need to ask: “Wie spät ist es?”, which literally translates "How late?" or “Wie viel Uhr ist es?” So:

Wie spät ist es? What time is it?
Es ist zwölf Uhr. Twelve o'clock.
Est ist halb acht. Half past eight.
Es ist zwölf Uhr dreißig. Twelve thirty.
Es ist fünfzehn Uhr vierzig. Fifteen forty.
Es ist punkt zwei. Exactly two.

As can be seen from the examples, the hour is called first, then the minutes, and the word "Minute" not used. This happens when designating any quantities (hours, kilometers, euros, etc.): the larger quantity is called, and the smaller one is designated only by a numeral: fünf Uhr zehn; sieben Euro fünfzig.

In German, as in Russian, one can say "two o'clock" And "fourteen o'clock": “Es ist zwei Uhr”, “Es ist vierzehn Uhr”. The only difference is that the second option is more formal. In colloquial speech, the beginning of a sentence may also be omitted. "es ist":
Wie spät ist es?— Neun Uhr.

As in Russian, German uses such designations as "half", "quarter", "quarter to ten" etc. Half and a quarter are very easy to remember: these are words "halb" And Viertel. WITH "halb" no prepositions required:
Es ist halb neun.- Half past nine.

For everything else you need to remember two prepositions "nach"(after) and "vor"(to):
Es ist Viertel vor sechs.- Fifteen minutes to seven. (5.45 - fifteen minutes to six)
Es ist Viertel nach sieben.— Fifteen minutes past eight. (7.15 - fifteen minutes after seven)
Es ist zehn Minuten nach acht.— Five minutes past eight. (8.05 - five minutes after eight)
Es ist zwanzig Minuten vor drei.- Twenty minutes to three. (14.40 - twenty minutes to three)

Don't get confused words "Uhr" And "Stunde". Both of these words are translated as "hour", But "Uhr" Only used when you are telling time: "Es ist sechs Uhr"- Four hours. "Stunde" used when you need to indicate the duration of some action: "Ich schlaffe sechs Stunden"— I sleep 6 hours.

To say "at midnight" And "at noon" You need to remember the following expressions:
am Mittag- at noon
um Mitternacht- at midnight

Another issue related to time is not "What time is it now?" A "When?". This question is relevant when making appointments, and to answer it you need a pretext "um":
 Wann ist der Film?— Um 7 Uhr. (What time is the movie? - At 7 o'clock.)
 Wann kommst du?- Um eins. (When will you come? - At one o'clock)

11/18/2014 TUESDAY 23:50

GERMAN FOR BEGINNERS. LEVEL A1

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Wortschatz zum Thema (words to the topic):

die Telefonnummer - telephone number

die Zahl - figure, number

die Zahlwörter - numerals

brauchen - need

das Ticket - ticket

das Buch - book

Numerals

Numerals in German:

from 1 to 12 - everything is clear

from 13 to 19 we read and write 13 dreizehn as (3.10), 14 vierzehn (4.10), etc.

21 to 99 are written and read backwards - 21 einundzwanzig (1 and 20), 33 dreiunddreißig (3 and 30)

Numbers after 101 are written together. Don't worry, they should be this long:

500 - fünfhunderd

4000 - viertausend

441 - vierhunderteinundvierzig

50,000 - fünfzigtausend

700,000 - siebenhunderttausend

1,000,000 - eine Million

9 300 400 - neun Millionen dreihunderttausendvierhundert

If you need to name a four-digit number, then first call the number of thousands, then the number of hundreds, and then a two-digit number - tens and units.

For example: 2581 = zweitausendfünfhunderteinundachtzig

If we break the word into generators, we get:

zweitausend + fünfhundert + ein + und + achtzig
(two thousand) (five hundred) (one) (and) (eighty)

How old are you?

Wie alt bist du? - How old are you?

Wie alt sind Sie? - How old are you?

Ich bin... Jahre alt - I am... years old

Ich bin... - I...

For example:

Ich bin sechsundzwanzig (26) Jahre alt (literally: “I am 26 years old”) - I am 26 years old.

Er ist vierzig(40) Jahre alt - he is 40 years old.

Du bist zwanzig(20) Jahre alt - you are 20 years old.

How many?

Wie viel? - How many? (for uncountable)
Wie viele? - How many? (for countables)

For example:

Wie viele Tickets brauchen Sie? - How many tickets do you need?
Wie viel kostet dieses Buch? - How much does this book cost?

Exercises:

1. Write down the phone number in numbers:

2. Write the corresponding number:

3.Write in words:

Keys to lesson A1-2:

1. Order the lines in the dialogue:

2. Fill in the blanks:

Großbritannien Spanien Großbritannien Frankreich Italien.

If you have ever been abroad, in a country whose language you know only a little, then you probably know that feeling when you are standing at the checkout counter in a supermarket and frantically looking for a number on the monitor screen... because you can’t understand the numbers by ear... because that I haven't learned them yet.

Not only my German students, but also the Germans studying Russian with me complain about the numbers. Why teach them? Why waste time on them? It seems that numbers are an obstacle that requires a serious investment of time. Is this true?

In fact, numbers are important. Even if in the modern world they can be quickly shown on the phone. Or look at the cash register monitor in a store. What are the numbers for?

• Numbers relate to the basic vocabulary of any language
• Numbers are important not only for understanding prices, but also for formulating the year (1569, 1897, 2010)
• To formulate the date
• To formulate time
• To formulate ordinal words (second, fifth, tenth, twenty-first)
• To formulate quantities (two tomatoes, three hundred grams of flour)
• and much more

While in a supermarket you can look at the cash register screen, in small shops or bakeries the monitors are not always visible. At the post office, the price is also often stated by ear. But when it comes to prices, there is often a price tag on the product. Therefore, with prices everything is not so complicated.

How can you tell without knowing numbers how old you are? How far have you come to Germany? How many months or years do you study German? How much money do you have with you? When is your birthday? And how many kilograms does your luggage weigh?

The numbers are important, so you can't just skip them. It is not necessary to learn how to write numbers, especially long ones. But writing numbers from 1 to 10 is mandatory. Yes, teaching them can be boring and monotonous. But there are some creative ways to practice numbers instead of monotonous memorization.

Method 1

Repeat the numbers as often as possible. When climbing the stairs to the second floor, you can count the steps in German. First, you can start counting from one. Another time you can start with thirty. Once the numbers are in order, another time - through the numbers.

Those who do not use stairs can use the TV. For example, you can switch channels and read them. Or count how many keys are on the keyboard. How many cars are parked in the yard? How many pairs of shoes are there in the hallway? Give your phone number. The possibilities are endless.

Method 2

Practice naming dates. For example, name the year of birth of relatives and friends in German. Remember significant dates from world history and practice naming them. Then practice naming the days of the month. At the beginning, it is worth training the year and day of the month separately, because ordinal numbers are used for days. For example, you can practice naming the dates of holidays. And also how long the New Year holidays, summer holidays and so on last. Then you can move on to training full dates with the name of the day of the month and year.

Method 3

Do some math. Take, for example, the number 7. Seven is 5+2. And eight is 3+5. This way you can practice adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers in German.

7 = 5+2 - Sieben gleich fünf plus zwei
8 = 10-2 — Acht gleich zehn minus zwei
6 = 3×2 — Sechs gleich drei mal zwei
9 = 18:2 - Neun gleich achtzehn durch zwei

It is important to pronounce the numbers not silently, but out loud. Not only the brain, but also the lips must remember what to say. This exercise can be done in pairs or in a group, with one person guessing a number and explaining it, while the others guess. For example, what is 3+5+7-2?

Another option for working as a group is to play the lottery or bingo. You can also play a sea battle. In this case, you can write numbers from 1 to 10 vertically, and horizontally from 11 to 20. Thus, each player names two numbers at once. You can also exchange phone numbers, home addresses (numbers are especially important because they are in the address!) and conduct a number dictation.

Do you know other ways to remember numbers? Share in the comments.