Day of struggle for the elimination of nuclear weapons. International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons 26 September. Why do we need international days

September 26 is celebrated around the world International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons(International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons). It is one of the international holidays in the United Nations system and was established in December 2013 by the relevant resolution of the UN General Assembly (No. A/RES/68/32).

The main purpose of establishing this date is to draw the attention of the world community to the need for global nuclear disarmament and inform the public about the benefits of eliminating nuclear weapons. After all, one of the main tasks of mankind is to achieve peace and security on the planet without nuclear weapons.

The complete elimination of nuclear weapons in all countries of the world is one of the main and oldest goals in the activities of the UN. It became the subject of the first resolution of the General Assembly in 1946, in which it was first announced and legally enshrined. In subsequent years, this topic was repeatedly included in the agendas and plans of meetings (1959, 1975), and was also identified as one of the priorities of the first special session of the General Assembly on disarmament in 1978, which paid special attention to the problem of nuclear disarmament. In addition, this goal was approved and supported by each of the UN Secretaries General.

As a result, several Treaties on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons were signed in different years. However, despite all the efforts of the UN, and despite the adoption of bilateral and multilateral treaties, as of 2016, not a single nuclear weapon has been physically destroyed in the world, and there are a total of about 14,000 nuclear weapons in the arsenals of various countries of the world. weapons. And today, more than half of the population of our planet lives in countries that have nuclear weapons or are part of nuclear alliances.

Therefore, it is not surprising that every year the world is becoming more and more concerned about the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of using even a single nuclear warhead, not to mention a regional or global nuclear war. However, no negotiations on nuclear disarmament are currently taking place anywhere. And the countries possessing such weapons, moreover, have developed long-term plans to modernize their nuclear arsenals. Therefore, the problem of nuclear disarmament in our time is very acute and is a top priority.

Sculpture depicting St. George slaying the dragon, created using fragments of the Soviet SS-20 missile and the American nuclear missile Pershing (Photo: UN/Milton Grant)

The 8th UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, on the occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons in 2015, recalling the 70th anniversary of the terrible date - the first and last use of nuclear weapons during the war, also expressed regret that today between the states - Members are increasingly divided over how and when to achieve the goal of a world free of nuclear weapons.

He called on all States to be constructive and to find ways to move forward. In addition, according to the head of the UN, the elimination of nuclear weapons will free up colossal resources that can be used to implement the sustainable development agenda for the period up to 2030.

After all, the use of nuclear weapons somewhere in one place in the world will lead to a catastrophe on the entire planet. And in order to avoid such consequences, it is necessary to eliminate it, including other weapons of mass destruction. The only absolute guarantee that nuclear weapons will never be used is their complete elimination.

Taking into account all the indicated facts and the current situation, the UN decided to officially establish this date - the Day of Struggle for the Complete Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, in order to once again remind the participating States of the priority task in foreign policy, of the benefits of disarmament and the costs in social and economic terms. And, of course, to once again call for the destruction and limitation of nuclear weapons, in one way or another to minimize their role and participation in the foreign policy of the state.

Today, the International Day for the Complete Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrated by all countries interested in this goal and their populations. Despite the youth of the holiday, various events are held on this day in a number of countries - flash mobs, demonstrations of short films and the distribution of campaign materials on the topic of disarmament and against nuclear weapons. After all, this Day will allow the world community to reaffirm its commitment to the cause of global nuclear disarmament as a top priority.

The International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrated every year around the world on September 26th. This day was established by the UN General Assembly on December 5, 2013.

Its main objectives are to raise awareness and educate the population about the threat posed by nuclear weapons to humanity, as well as the need for its complete elimination.

The complete elimination of nuclear weapons is one of the oldest goals of the United Nations. It was the subject of the first resolution of the General Assembly in 1946. Also, since 1959, along with general and complete disarmament, it has been included in the agenda of the General Assembly. It has been the main topic of review conferences held at the UN since 1975 by the states parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. It was identified as one of the priorities of the first special session of the General Assembly on disarmament in 1978, which paid special attention to the problem of nuclear disarmament. Plus has been supported by each of the secretaries general of the United Nations.

At present, there are about 14,000 nuclear weapons in the arsenals of the countries of the world. More than half of the world's population lives in countries that either have such weapons or are members of nuclear alliances.

In December 2016, the UN General Assembly decided to prepare a convention on the prohibition and total elimination of nuclear weapons. The corresponding resolution was supported by 123 states, while the nuclear powers, including Russia, and about 30 other countries voted "against". China was the only one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council to abstain from the vote. The resolution decided to hold a conference to develop "a legally binding instrument for the prohibition of nuclear weapons, which will lead to their complete elimination" .

March 27, 2017 at the UN General Assembly to develop the text of the Convention on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. However, nearly 40 countries did not attend the conference, including the US, UK, France, Russia and China.

On July 7, 2017, the participants of the UN conference on the development of a convention on the complete prohibition of nuclear weapons agreed on the text of the final document.

The convention notes that "most countries of the world no longer consider nuclear weapons as a legitimate means of war." It is reported that the signatory countries undertake not to develop, acquire or test nuclear weapons. In addition, the agreement obliges states to provide assistance to victims of the use of weapons of mass destruction.

According to Mikhail Ulyanov, Director of the Department for Non-Proliferation and Arms Control of the Russian Foreign Ministry, the ratification of the agreement does not meet the national interests of Russia and may lead to a violation of the regime of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), which entered into force in 1970.

Russia is committed to the goal of achieving a world without nuclear weapons and is making a significant contribution to global efforts to reduce nuclear weapons. The implementation of the 1987 Soviet-American Treaty on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range Missiles (INF Treaty) made it possible to destroy over 1800 ground-based ballistic and cruise missiles with a range of 500-5500 km and more than 800 launchers (PU) for them. In total, over 3,000 nuclear warheads with a total yield of over 500,000 kilotons have been deactivated.

The Russian Federation has fully complied with its obligations under the 1991 Treaty on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (START) and the 2002 Treaty on the Reduction of Strategic Offensive Potentials (SNOR). Russia has reduced the number of deployed strategic warheads from 9,000 to 1,900 units, and has also eliminated more than 1,600 launchers of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), more than 3,100 ICBMs and SLBMs, about 50 strategic missile submarines, and about 70 heavy bombers (TB).

In accordance with the 2010 Treaty on Further Measures for the Limitation and Reduction of Strategic Offensive Arms (entered into force on February 5, 2011), Russia and the United States agreed to cut the total number of warheads by a third (up to 1550 units) (the "ceiling" under the DSNP - 2200 units) and more than twice (up to 700 units) - the maximum level of strategic carriers ("ceiling" under the START - 1600 units, the OST did not limit the carriers). In addition, an additional level of 800 units was established for deployed and non-deployed launchers of ICBMs and SLBMs, as well as TB. By the milestone date under the Treaty - February 5, 2018 - the Russian Federation has fully fulfilled its obligations to reduce strategic offensive arms.

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov in September 2019 that Russia does not consider it possible to continue the reduction of nuclear weapons without restrictions in the field of missile defense. On August 2, 2019, the procedure for the US withdrawal from the Treaty on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF Treaty) was completed, as a result of which this agreement ceased to be valid. Russia has imposed a unilateral moratorium and will not deploy ground-based intermediate-range and shorter-range missiles, if any, in regions where US INF will not be deployed. According to Ryabkov, Moscow has no illusions that Washington will introduce a moratorium on the deployment of medium-range and shorter-range missiles.

After the termination of the INF Treaty, the Russian side did not test such missiles, and the United States, 16 days after the collapse of the treaty, tested a ground-based cruise missile with a range of more than 500 kilometers. As a result, the situation in the field of strategic stability continues to deteriorate, and especially negative dynamics have been observed in the last year, the Deputy Minister emphasized. "... There is a risk of a nuclear war, and even in a situation where the parties have no intention to unleash a nuclear conflict ... The actions of our colleagues in the West are becoming more emotional, at times very aggressive," Ryabkov said and stressed that this shakes the architecture of arms control.

The diplomat drew attention to the fact that so far the Russian Federation and the United States cannot agree on a Strategic Offensive Arms Treaty (START), as Washington is avoiding solving problems. Russia is also concerned about the situation around the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), given that the United States retains the ability to resume testing at its test sites, but at the same time.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

- an important date for every inhabitant of the Earth. International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons - was founded in 2013 and registered in the UN General Assembly under the number A/RES/68/32.

Story

The infamous Tsar Bomba (AN602) was developed by Academician I. Kurchatov. Terrible power (about 60 megatons) destroyed everything in its path during ongoing tests in October 1960. The nuclear mushroom shot up to a height of 67 km, the fireball was more than 4.5 km, and the sound wave spread over 800 km.

Almost a century of struggle for peace

The priority mission of the UN, since 1946, is the worldwide elimination of weapons of mass destruction. The topic is raised annually at congresses, but, despite the efforts made, not a single piece of equipment was destroyed.

Most of the world's population lives in countries that own weapons of mass destruction or are part of nuclear alliances. There are about 16 thousand potentially dangerous objects on the planet.

According to the UN Secretary General, only complete elimination can guarantee the safety of the population. The mission of the holiday is to minimize the role of nuclear weapons in the foreign policy activities of states, to remind the participating countries of their responsibility, and to call for disarmament. On this day, thematic films are shown, campaign meetings and discussions are held. On September 26, everyone should remember the merciless danger that threatens the planet as long as atomic bombs exist.

Way

Russia takes a direct part in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and discusses at multilateral negotiating forums in the field of disarmament.

The country regularly takes measures aimed at maintaining the safety of the population.

1. Reduced non-strategic nuclear weapons by 4 times.
2. Non-deployed weapons are stored within the country in the strictest security regime.
3. Nuclear installations have a zero flight mission, i.e. not targeting any objects.

On July 7, 2017, a law was passed, according to which the participating countries are obliged to abandon all nuclear development, testing and production of weapons.

The use of nuclear weapons in the 21st century is unacceptable. Applying it in one point of the world, a global catastrophe threatens the entire planet.

Only another atomic weapon can protect against nuclear weapons. However, this will lead to disaster throughout the world. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to eliminate it, including other weapons of mass destruction. It is the day that calls for the destruction and limitation of nuclear weapons, in one way or another to minimize its role and participation in the foreign policy of the state, when the governments of countries think about the benefits of disarmament, and this world holiday is dedicated.

When does it pass

The International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrated on 26 September. It was proclaimed on December 5, 2013 at the 60th plenary session of the UN General Assembly by resolution No. A/RES/68/32. In 2020, it is celebrated for the 7th time. Russia joins the celebration of the date.

Who notes

International Day for the Complete Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrated by all countries and their populations interested in this goal.

history of the holiday

This goal is one of the oldest in the activities of the UN. It was first voiced and legally enshrined in the 1946 resolution. Further, it was repeatedly included in the agendas and plans of meetings (1959, 1975). Treaties on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons were signed. In 1978, a separate special session was devoted to this topic. It became a landmark for the UN, as this goal was approved by all the secretaries general of the United Nations.

However, today many countries are in no hurry to eliminate their nuclear weapons, having developed long-term plans for their modernization. Given the current situation, the UN decided to formally establish this holiday to remind member states of the priority in foreign policy, the benefits of disarmament and the costs in social and economic terms.

According to the UN, states (as of 2014) have not physically eliminated a single nuclear weapon on the basis of bilateral or multilateral treaties, and are also not negotiating nuclear disarmament.

The nuclear "Tsar Bomb" (AN602) was created by Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences I. Kurchatov. Its capacity was about 58 megatons, and during the test at the test site (October 30, 1960), it destroyed all life. During the explosion, the nuclear mushroom reached a height of 67 km, and the fireball of the explosion in a radius of approximately 4.6 km. The sound wave propagated over a distance of 800 kilometers.

On the cover of one of the American magazines - Bulletin of Atomic Scientist, an image of a clock is periodically printed with the designation of the time until Judgment Day, which will occur as a result of a nuclear conflict. The last publication of this clock was in 2012, and it showed the time 23:55 (five minutes past midnight). And in 1953, they showed the time 23:58 - this was the year when the USSR and the USA tested thermonuclear bombs.