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Diet for normal bowel function. Diet for the intestines - gentle nutrition for a quick recovery and prevention of complications. Four weeks of continuous treatment

You can eliminate constipation with a balanced diet, plenty of water, a decoction of herbs. If such remedies are ineffective, an enema and special medications (lactulose and other laxatives) will help.

Everyone has experienced this at least once: long “sessions” in the toilet, the inability to completely empty the intestines, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach and, possibly, flatulence. Such a delicate problem is more often faced by people who do not eat well and move little. For a healthy fulfilling life, it is useful to understand how to improve bowel function with constipation.

Modern people are accustomed to eating "on the run", dry food. They prefer fast food, semi-finished products instead of preparing hot meals on their own. About 90% of the population suffers from gastroenterological diseases, including children.

A particularly urgent problem is constipation or constipation. It is characterized by the absence of defecation for two days. Accompanied by bloating and pain in the intestines. Sometimes prolonged stool retention can be a symptom of a dangerous disease.

The frequency of bowel cleansing depends on the person's lifestyle, diet and habits. Difficulties with a chair can appear for the following reasons:

the predominance of fatty and fried foods in the diet;
lack of fluid in the body;
stress, neurosis, depression;
acute and chronic diseases of the digestive system.

Until the cause of constipation is established, self-medication is unacceptable - a doctor's consultation is needed. Chronic forms of diseases disrupt the functioning of the immune system, worsen the condition of the skin, and lower mood. Taking laxatives does not solve the problem, the body gets used to outside help, and after that, the restoration of bowel function is impossible without medication.

First aid for constipation

Drugs can quickly help in case of emergency, but frequent use of laxatives, as well as their overdose, is dangerous. The intestines will begin to "wait" for artificial stimulation, and the doses of drugs will have to be increased. For this reason, medication for constipation should only be used if other methods have failed.

To normalize the work of the intestines with constipation, it is imperative to find out the cause of the dysmotility.

The work of the digestive system depends on the lifestyle, nutrition, functioning of the nervous system. Often, giving up bad habits, observing the daily routine, and a balanced menu already give positive results. Then the act of defecation occurs at a certain time, without bringing inconvenience to the patient.

There are a few simple rules on how to normalize bowel function:

develop the habit of going to the toilet at the same time;
do not suppress the natural urge to defecate;
do not be distracted during bowel movements (crossword puzzles, telephone, etc.);
try to avoid stress.

Negative emotions greatly affect the functioning of the intestines. They cause muscle spasms, constipation and lead to disruption of the heart.

Chronic constipation will not get rid of in a week. Improvement of digestion requires discipline and patience of the patient. An integrated approach is needed, including the selection of medicines and a treatment regimen. You should strictly adhere to the recommendations of the doctor.

Medical treatment

Before choosing a laxative, one should try to restore bowel function without medication. To do this, it is recommended to increase the amount of foods with coarse dietary fiber in the diet, drink enough liquid, at least 30 ml per kilogram of weight. Most patients manage to get rid of constipation within a month, subject to this regimen.

If these methods do not bring results, the patient is prescribed laxatives that prevent the absorption of fluid from the intestines. The food bolus remains voluminous and loose. Feces do not injure the intestinal mucosa, they move better through the gastrointestinal tract and are excreted without problems. With prolonged chronic constipation, drugs are prescribed that irritate the intestinal walls and increase peristalsis.

As laxatives, preparations based on lactulose are most preferable. They are mild and do not cause dehydration. This group includes drugs Dufalac, Normaze. Means with lactulose improve their own microflora, suppress pathogenic microorganisms, they can be taken for a long time.

In addition to laxatives, complex drug therapy for constipation includes probiotics, hepatoprotectors, and antidepressants.

Enzymes Pancreatin, Panzinorm, Festal are prescribed if particles of undigested food are found in the feces. Regulate the composition of the intestinal microflora Hilak forte, Linex, Acipol. Against the background of their intake, the electrolyte balance and the synthesis of vitamins are restored.

If constipation is associated with impaired liver function, hepatoprotectors are added to the treatment: Karsil, Liv 52, Essentiale. Antispasmodics Motilium, Trimedat eliminate flatulence, nausea, vomiting, relieve pain. They increase the tone of the sphincter and increase intestinal motility.

Principles of nutrition for constipation

It will not be possible to normalize bowel movements without observing the norms of dietary nutrition. Meals should be taken 5 times a day, in small portions.

Preference is given to fresh plant products - they have a lot of fiber useful for peristalsis. To start digestion and increase the contraction of the intestinal walls, you need to choose dishes that have a choleretic effect. They can be eaten if there are no inflammatory processes and stones in the gallbladder.

What to eat in the morning

Before breakfast, you can eat 2 apples, drink a glass of hot (40 °) water with two teaspoons of honey or a portion (200 ml) of warm apple juice. The day before, prunes are washed, then soaked in cold drinking water. Before breakfast, they drink the resulting infusion and eat fruit.

Meals should begin with a dish of fresh vegetables rich in dietary fiber. You can choose one of the proposed salads:

cleansing - cabbage, beets, carrots;
light - an apple with carrots and celery;
raw beetroot salad;
cabbage mix - white cabbage, Brussels sprout, kohlrabi.

Salads can also be from one type of cabbage, for example, cauliflower or broccoli. They are seasoned with olive oil, adding a little vinegar and soy sauce. Sprinkle with herbs, chopped nuts, add an apple, cucumber or tomato to add flavor.

How to eat during the day

With constipation, the patient is prescribed diet No. 3, you can make a very varied and tasty diet. To normalize the stool, increase the amount of fiber in the daily menu. Every day you need the first hot dish - vegetable and cereal soups, borscht on the second broth are suitable. A variety of cereals are useful, you can add fresh fruits to them.

It is worth diversifying the diet with lean meats and chopped products from them, mashed potatoes, stews and vegetable cutlets.

Dried wheat bread, rye bread, with bran, as well as cereal bread and dry biscuits are also allowed. Fermented milk products are required in the daily menu, which is especially useful for dysbacteriosis. Also allowed are two soft-boiled eggs a day or a steam omelet, almost all fruits and berries with the exception of melon and watermelon. In moderation, use butter and vegetable oil, mild cheese.

High-calorie foods are removed from the menu - these are muffins, fast food, alcoholic beverages. In order not to overload the body, heavy, unfamiliar and exotic foods are excluded. Lard and refractory fats, cream, fatty sour cream and ice cream are not recommended. Smoked meats, products with preservatives, dyes and flavors should also be abandoned.

Fixing products

There is a certain list of food that strengthens the intestines. These are starchy dishes - semolina and rice porridge, potatoes. Kissels of all kinds. Of the berries, these are dogwood, gooseberries, grapes, blueberries. From drinks "strengthens the stomach" whole milk, cocoa. Green bananas and pears have the same properties.

Drinking regime

The diet works effectively only if the drinking regimen is observed. To make it easier to control fluid intake, in the morning you need to fill the bottle with the right amount of drinking water and try to drink it during the day.

The first glass - immediately after sleep. To normalize the stool for constipation, you need to drink half a glass of water every hour, preferably between meals. Mineral water without gas is allowed, fresh juices, herbal infusions, rosehip broth are useful. It is better to refuse coffee, strong black tea.

Bran for constipation

To combat constipation, you can use bran, preferably rye or corn. This is a waste of grain production, they contain a large amount of dietary fiber that stimulates peristalsis.

Bran is steamed and eaten in the morning before meals no more than 70 g, washed down with a glass of water.

The amount of bran, the duration of their use is determined by the doctor. In inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, this method is contraindicated.

To improve bowel function in the morning, you can eat a spoonful of flaxseed with water. Eating is allowed after half an hour.

Physical activity

A sedentary lifestyle leads to a decrease in muscle tone, weakening not only the abdominal muscles, but also the intestines. To avoid this, feasible, but regular loads are needed. You can go jogging, swimming, fitness or aerobics.

An exercise therapy doctor will help you choose a set of exercises. It is best not to do this on your own, as the optimal set of movements depends on the patient's age, weight, and fitness.

In the supine position, draw in and protrude the stomach for 1 minute.
Perform the same exercise on one side and the other.
Foot movement, simulating cycling.

To combat chronic constipation, morning exercises are required. To improve blood circulation in the intestinal area, it is enough to do slopes, squats, running in place. Cycling or just walking is good.

Folk recipes

You can also use folk advice. Vegetable oils have a laxative effect:

olive;
linen;
vaseline;
castor.

They are taken in the morning on an empty stomach, but not more than three days. To restore bowel function, decoctions of herbs such as senna, St. John's wort, chamomile, and sage are prepared. You can use each plant separately or prepare a medicinal collection.

To activate peristalsis, use a remedy consisting of calamus root and valerian, buckthorn bark, peppermint, dandelion leaves and nettle.

Two tablespoons of the medicinal collection is placed in a thermos and pour 800 ml of boiling water. Withstand several hours, drink half a glass 30 minutes before meals.

To improve metabolism, prepare a gruel of 300 g of aloe stalks and 500 g of honey, add 0.5 l of red wine. The mixture is consumed in a teaspoon during the week. Then a tablespoon three times a day, half an hour before meals. The course of treatment is two weeks, if necessary, can be extended up to a month.

Massage has a good effect with prolonged constipation. To improve peristalsis, the abdomen is stroked clockwise, without pressure, for a minute. Then do rubbing and kneading. Massage is best done in the morning and evening. You can stimulate the bowels by massaging the little fingers daily.

If constipation is a constant phenomenon, has a painful character, an enema is used.

When urgent help is needed, an enema is done with a hypertonic solution; oil - if constipation is mild. A microclyster gives a good effect. Microlax for constipation is suitable for all age groups. It is simple and convenient to use. The medicine activates the flow of fluid to the intestines, the feces become soft, and the defecation process begins after 15 minutes.

Hard stools, painful bowel movements, constipation - all this indicates disorders in the body. It is necessary to respond to such signals in time, otherwise constipation can lead to a serious illness. You can deal with constipation on your own, but it takes desire, perseverance and discipline. And if you reconsider the foundations of life and habits, it will be possible to completely avoid such a problem forever.

The intestine is an organ of the digestive system in which the splitting and absorption of incoming food takes place. It is also responsible for the excretion of processed food and waste products. Under the influence of various factors and diseases, the work of the intestine is disturbed and it has to be adjusted. This can be manifested by constipation, disorders and other, less obvious abnormalities.

You can find out how to improve the functioning of the intestines and stomach by contacting a doctor, but not everyone likes to go to hospitals. We will talk about drugs and folk remedies that improve the functioning of the digestive system, eliminate constipation and diarrhea, as well as other disorders.

What causes bowel problems

Without understanding what affects the functioning of the intestine, it is impossible to understand how to normalize its functions. Because of what, peristalsis is disturbed and malfunctions occur in the body? There are quite a few reasons:

passive lifestyle;
lack of sport in human life;
abuse of high-calorie foods that take a long time to digest;
age-related changes (in older people, bowel function slows down);
genetic predisposition affecting bowel function;
neoplasms in the digestive tract;
consequences of surgery.

There are other causes associated with various diseases and disorders in the human body. In most cases, the same means help, which are discussed in more detail below.

Foods that improve bowel function

There are products that improve the functioning of the intestines, therefore, in order to normalize its functions, it is recommended to review the diet. On the day you need to provide yourself with 3-4 meals, and it is recommended to eat small portions.

The best foods for peristalsis are fresh fruits and vegetables, but sweets, baked goods, smoked and fried foods should be avoided. You should also refrain from alcohol, coffee and teas. Half an hour before the main meals, you can drink fruit or vegetable juice, and after eating, do not rush to drink water, but wait at least 30-40 minutes.

To improve digestion, adults and the elderly benefit from foods with fiber, which creates a cleansing effect, removing toxins. Most of all it is in cereals, fruits, vegetables and nuts. Penetrating into the intestines, plant fibers absorb harmful substances like a sponge, and are excreted along with them.

Foods such as meat, mushrooms, and canned food take a long time to digest, causing bowel function to deteriorate. Try to refrain from using them, especially for constipation. In general, depending on the situation, a certain diet with its own rules is required to improve the functioning of the digestive tract. The list of foods to improve bowel function includes:

cold drinks;
fresh dairy products;
cabbage, turnips, beets, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers;
melons, watermelons, apples, plums, persimmons, grapes;
dried apricots, figs, raisins, prunes;
oatmeal, buckwheat;
seafood;
nuts, seeds;
greenery.

Many more are wondering if ice cream can improve bowel function? Oddly enough, even this product has a positive effect on peristalsis, but you should not abuse it.

Drinking regime

How to improve bowel function at home without the use of special tools? Everything is very simple - you need to drink plenty of water. Water without gas, herbal infusions, compotes and juices - all this helps to regulate digestion. Strong tea, cocoa and coffee should be excluded for a while.

It is recommended to drink two liters of water per day, which contributes to the flow of digestive processes and the formation of feces. Also, the liquid normalizes metabolic processes and is responsible for the elimination of toxins with toxins.

Everyone is advised to drink a glass of water on an empty stomach. To activate the digestive tract, you can add a slice of lemon. The main thing after this is to have a normal breakfast so that the produced gastric juice does not irritate the mucous membrane.

What natural preparations will improve bowel function

Modern pharmacies offer numerous drugs that improve bowel function in adults and children. The most effective and popular are prebiotics and probiotics. They are relatively inexpensive, and one of the proven means is Duphalac made in Germany.

Among domestic analogues, there are such drugs as:

Colibacterin;
Enterol;
Baktistatin;
Lactobacterin.

Enterol occupies a leading position, so doctors prescribe it to patients with digestive problems most often. It helps to improve the functions of the gastrointestinal tract with diarrhea, after taking antibacterial drugs, with various failures and in many other situations.

Quite effective is Linex, prescribed to patients of different ages. It works by increasing the acidity of the environment in the intestines, thereby improving its activity.

Bifidumbacterin with lactobacilli in the composition is a first generation drug. Sold as a powder in sachets, capsules or tablets. Bifiform is a similar drug, but belongs to the III generation. It contains lactulose and bacterial strains. Among the popular imported drugs, Hilak-Forte stands out.

Isabgol is another well-known drug for the normalization of the digestive tract, including in the elderly. It contains only natural substances created by processing plantain.

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Other medicines that improve bowel function

In addition to natural preparations that improve the functioning of the intestines and stomach, other medicines are also sold in pharmacies. Doctors should prescribe them based on the results of examinations, otherwise their effect may not be as expected. Popular medicines for the normalization of the gastrointestinal tract are:

Exportal and Laktiol. They create a laxative effect, so they are usually prescribed for constipation. Their effect is similar to lactulose, but more stable.
Duphalac and Normaze. This drug regulates intestinal motility and normalizes the microflora.
Mukofalk. Creates a mild effect while regulating the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
Linaclotide. Relatively safe remedy, at small dosages it has no contraindications and side effects.
Domperidone and Motilak. Regulates the functions of the stomach and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the common prokinetics prescribed by doctors.

How to improve bowel function folk remedies

Home remedies can also improve bowel function, but how to do it right? To increase peristalsis and restore damaged microflora, the following means are suitable:

Sour berries of wild rose. Decoctions, infusions and teas are prepared from them.
Nuts and seeds. They can be mixed and chopped with a blender, and then pour 2 tablespoons of the mixture with half a glass of warm water. This remedy is prepared and drunk twice a day for a week.
Plantain with calamus should be mixed in equal amounts and pour a spoonful of the mixture with a glass of boiling water. After 15 minutes, the infusion is filtered and then drunk 50 ml 30 minutes before the main meals for a week.
Plantain seeds need to be ground with a coffee grinder and eat a spoonful on an empty stomach. Seeds, getting into the intestines, absorb toxins and come out as part of the feces.
Wheat bran can be consumed on an empty stomach in a teaspoon in a dry form, washed down with water.

If the bowel function is disturbed so that constipation has begun, the following healing remedies will help you:

Grind aloe leaves and mix 1 to 2 with honey. Leave for a day, and then warm and strain. Take a spoonful every morning.
Fresh onion juice is taken in a spoon up to four times a day.

When you need to improve bowel function with diarrhea, use remedies such as:

You need to pour a few partitions of walnuts with half a liter of boiling water, cook for another 20 minutes, cool and strain. The resulting liquid is drunk in 100-150 ml after waking up in the morning.
From a tablespoon, you can prepare a decoction in 300 ml of water. Boil the remedy for 10-15 minutes, and then cool and filter. Use a spoonful 3-4 times a day.

Enemas to regulate the gastrointestinal tract

You can debug the work of the intestines with the help of enemas. So you can remove toxins and toxins, but the right approach is important. It is necessary to introduce water at a comfortable temperature. The main thing is not to abuse the procedures, otherwise you can provoke dysbacteriosis. The fact is that enemas wash out not only harmful bacteria, but also beneficial microflora.

In addition to ordinary boiled water, decoctions of eucalyptus, sage, chamomile, calendula can be used. All of them are brewed at the rate of 3 tablespoons per liter of water, and then they must be filtered.

Gymnastics to improve bowel function

Oddly enough, special gymnastic exercises help improve bowel function. All of them are very simple, so you can perform them at home. The set of exercises looks like this:

Lying on your back, we make a "bicycle" - we move our legs, simulating the pedaling of a real bicycle.
We lie down on our back, bend our knees and pull them to the stomach, and then lower them back and straighten them. Perform with both legs at once or alternately.
Lying on your back, touch the left knee to the floor to the right of the body, and then the right knee to the left. The main thing is not to tear off the shoulders and shoulder blades.
Kneeling and resting on the palms, we squat on the buttocks - first on the left, and then on the right side.
Sitting straight on a chair, we retract and protrude the stomach.

Each of these exercises should be performed 15-20 times. This gymnastics complex will not take more than 10 minutes, so you can even perform it 2-3 times a day.

Massage for the intestines

How else to improve the functioning of the small and large intestines, as well as normalize general well-being? Massage can help you. With a competent approach, it will eliminate flatulence, heartburn and constipation. The procedure does not give a negative effect, therefore it is allowed even for pregnant women and children. It is better to see how such a massage is done by professionals once or twice. In general, you need to follow certain rules:

all massage movements are performed smoothly and without excessive pressure;
massage is recommended no earlier than 2-3 hours after eating;
before the session, the pressure is checked - it should be normal;
the bladder must be empty;
massage movements are carried out clockwise. But not vice versa.

The massage is performed lying on your back and with your legs slightly bent. Movements are performed from the navel, gradually expanding coverage. The palms are carried out in circular motions - nothing complicated, so you can do it without outside help.

The intestine is a part of the human digestive system, consisting of several departments. Human health depends to a greater extent on its proper operation. Due to the fact that nutrition is not always correct, various diseases or disorders often occur. How to improve the work of the intestine, if there was a failure?

Causes of poor bowel function

Factors that cause digestive disorders are primarily related to the quality, quantity and culture of food, as well as various diseases.

Reasons for violation:

sedentary lifestyle;
stress;
Monotonous or low-quality food;
Constipation;
Dysbacteriosis;
Diarrhea;
diverticulosis;
Inflammatory processes;
Ulcer;
Allergy;
Flatulence.

Pharmaceutical preparations to improve bowel function

One way to restore the microflora and improve digestion is to take the right medications. You can’t drink all the enzymes or probiotics in a row. You need to know exactly what is required for the intestines. The doctor will individually select the right drugs for you.

The most common medicines:

"Exportal";
"Normaze";
"Mukofalk";
"Resolor";
"Motilium";
"Ganaton".

"Exportal"

A drug that improves intestinal motility. The active substance is lactital. Once in the large intestine, it increases the volume of feces and contributes to its complete removal from the body.

Drink "Exportal" 4 times a day. At each meal, dilute a teaspoon of the powder in water, tea or juice. Treat for 4 days. After the condition stabilizes, reduce the dose by half and use for several more months.

You can not use "Exportal" in such cases:

The child is less than a year old;
There is an infection in the gastrointestinal tract;
There are internal bleeding and pain of unknown origin;
There is intestinal obstruction.

During treatment, various deviations in the form of swelling may occur.

"Exportal" improves bowel function in a few days. Long-term use of the drug is required to consolidate the results.

"Normaze"

Laxative. The main substance - lactulose, is not affected by the acid of the stomach and the environment in the duodenum 12, therefore, it enters the large intestine without change and is activated there. Increases the amount of fluid, thereby softening the feces, and contributes to its unimpeded removal.

To get rid of constipation, take "Normaze" for the first three days once a day up to 40 ml of medication. It is worth continuing treatment with the minimum allowable dose for adults - 25 ml. The general course is from several to 16 weeks.

It is forbidden to use "Normaze" in such cases:

Diabetes;
Chronic appendicitis;
Intestinal obstruction;
Damage to the intestinal mucosa;
An individual reaction to galactose, fructose or any other component of the drug.

Side effects of "Normaze":

Metabolic disease;
Allergy;
Diarrhea;
Nausea.

"Normaze" regulates the work of the gastrointestinal tract and eliminates the symptoms of its disorder. Relief occurs after a few hours after application.

"Mukofalk"

A herbal laxative derived from psyllium seeds. The hydrophilic fibers contained in the composition have the ability to absorb a large amount of moisture. Due to this, the volume of fluid in the intestine increases and the process of excretion of feces is facilitated.

Mukofalk will help you improve your digestion. Take the medicine 6 times a day. A single dose for adults is 1 teaspoon of the product. Treatment with similar drugs is accompanied by drinking plenty of water, you need at least 2 liters to protect yourself from dehydration.

The duration of therapy depends on the condition of the person, on average, several weeks are enough. If the constipation is chronic, you may need to use the medicine for a long time.

It is forbidden to use "Mukofalk":

Children under 12;
With diabetes;
If not stable water-electrolyte balance;
In case of pathological changes in the diameter of the digestive tube;
If obstruction of the intestines is observed or there is a suspicion of it;
In the case of an individual reaction to the components of the remedy.

During the treatment, side effects may occur, they relate to excessive gas formation, allergic reactions, sensation "full belly".

"Mukofalk" is valid for several hours. Symptoms of diarrhea go away fairly quickly.

"Motilium"

Stimulates intestinal peristalsis. The active ingredient is domperidone. In addition to normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, it has an antiemetic effect. A universal medicine, with diarrhea, it helps to stabilize fecal masses, with constipation, it softens and helps to remove them from the body. Available in the form of ligval and conventional tablets, as well as suspensions.

Take Motilium tablets three times a day. A single dose for adults is 1 lozenge. Children are prescribed a suspension. Ligual tablets are instant. They need to be put on the tongue, and the resulting solution should be swallowed without drinking. Treatment spend 3-4 days.

It is forbidden to use "Motilium" for the reason:

allergies;
Bleeding inside the gastrointestinal tract;
tumors;
Mechanical damage to the intestines.

During pregnancy, you can use these drugs after the first trimester. During lactation, it is better to abstain. A side effect is a violation of the normal functioning of the central nervous and digestive systems, as well as various skin rashes.

Relief from using the remedy comes almost immediately.

Symptoms of disorders of the digestive system disappear gradually. If the disorder is severe, long-term treatment is possible.

"Ganaton"

A drug that improves the functioning of the stomach. Itopride is the active ingredient of the drug. Such drugs are used for various disorders associated with the processing of food in the body, ranging from heartburn and ending with constipation or diarrhea, accelerate digestion.

To restore the normal functioning of the digestive system, take Ganaton tablets three times a day. For adults, a single dose corresponds to 1 piece. The general course of therapy is a week, according to indications, more can be done.

It is forbidden to use "Ganaton" in case of:

Children's age up to 18;
Severe pathological processes in the stomach;
internal bleeding;
Damage to the mechanical or organic walls of the stomach or intestines.

Pregnant women should not use. "Ganaton" as well as similar drugs has a number of side effects:

severe allergic reaction;
Jaundice;
High levels of bilirubin in the blood;
Pain in the stomach and head;
Dysbacteriosis;
The content of leukocytes and platelets in the blood decreases.

By stimulating the peristalsis of the stomach, "Ganaton" promotes the rapid passage of food, helps to restore digestion. Significant relief is felt already on the first day of using the product.

How to normalize bowel function at home?

Not only pharmaceutical preparations can help restore the digestive process. At home, folk remedies cope with this no less effectively. To regulate bowel function, use these recipes.

Problems with the work of the intestines can arise for a variety of reasons, most often they are associated with damage to the organs of the digestive tract by microbes and bacteria. Also, dysfunction can provoke malnutrition, stress, poor ecology, poisoning with toxic substances. In any case, the patient is prescribed special treatment and sparing nutrition to stabilize the functioning of the organ.

Features of compiling a diet for various intestinal disorders

Intestinal dysfunction in adults is treated with surgery, medication, and a bland diet. Features of nutrition directly depend on the type of disease and its severity. Only a doctor can make a correct diagnosis, therefore, if any symptoms of diseases are found, you need to contact a specialist for help.

If a disorder of the digestive tract is noticed in a child, then in no case should you self-medicate, you should immediately contact a doctor who will help determine the etymology of the disease and prescribe its correct treatment.

The most common cause of disorders is food poisoning. The patient in such cases may feel unwell, the body temperature rises significantly, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea appear. In case of poisoning in the first days, until the most acute symptoms recede, it is recommended to consume only liquid or puree-like food. The diet should consist of medicinal decoctions, strong tea without sugar and fermented milk products with a low percentage of fat. Daily calorie content is reduced by 20%, and in some cases by 50%.

The rules of clinical nutrition

After the patient's condition improves, the menu can be gradually expanded. Broths and slimy soups, low-fat fish and meat, dishes prepared from them, which are quickly and well absorbed by the digestive tract, begin to be added to it.

To normalize regular stools, you need to clearly monitor the body's reaction to certain dishes, since each person may have an individual intolerance to certain foods.

With intestinal infections, you need to strictly monitor the diet of the patient. In such cases, hospital treatment is prescribed, and doctors determine which foods can be consumed to improve the condition. With this type of violation, vomiting and diarrhea are most often observed, the body loses a lot of fluid. To prevent dehydration, you need to regularly drink non-carbonated water.

Sour-milk drinks have such an effect on the intestines:

improve the absorption of nitrogen, calcium salts and fat;
increase the amount of vitamins of group B, C and others;
improve digestion processes;
have antioxidant and bactericidal properties.

However, with inflammation of the mucous membranes and other ailments, whole milk products should be completely excluded from the patient's menu. They contain lactose, which in the normal state is not tolerated by all adults, and in diseases of the intestines, it can be especially dangerous.

With flatulence, you should avoid dishes that cause fermentation and gas formation - these are legumes, muffins, cocoa, chocolate, soda, spices, spices with enhanced taste and aroma, vegetables and herbs that contain coarse fiber.

With severe pain in the intestines, the diet can be reduced to the use of exclusively grated cereals and liquids until the acute symptoms recede.

In case of intestinal obstruction, the patient is prescribed the most sparing diet, which consists of frayed, porridge-like and puree-like dishes.

The main task of the diet is to minimize the negative impact on the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. With adhesions and other serious pathologies, the patient must strictly observe the therapeutic diet, fried, smoked, salty and fatty foods are completely excluded from it. Salt is also minimized, especially if irritable bowel syndrome is diagnosed.

Heat treatment and diet

The mechanical effect on the intestinal walls should be minimized as much as possible, because the diet will consist of grated and liquid dishes. At first, all food should have a delicate texture so as not to overload the digestive tract. Later it will be possible to gradually introduce cereals, whole pieces of lean meat and fish into the diet, but the patient must chew them thoroughly. The temperature of the food should not be too high and not too low, this will help improve peristalsis.

In acute diseases, the patient is prescribed a plentiful drink and a low-calorie diet. When nausea, vomiting and diarrhea pass, an increased amount of proteins is introduced into the diet - they are necessary to restore lost muscle mass during attacks and stabilize the work of all organs.

Fats and carbohydrates in the menu will be less than the physiological norm, as they overload the digestive tract. Food that is hard to digest and poorly absorbed is completely excluded.

Dishes need to be steamed, baked in a pastry bag, boiled or simmered over low heat. It is strictly forbidden to add vegetable oil or fat to food during heat treatment; it is best to season already prepared food.

The quality of products should be monitored very carefully, they should be fresh and not contain chemicals.

Therapeutic nutrition outside the stage of exacerbation

Therapeutic special diet 4 was created for patients who are in the recovery period, it can also be used in remission and chronic forms of intestinal diseases. A sparing diet involves the use of easily digestible food, it contains an increased amount of proteins.

It is forbidden to use:

fatty, wiry meat;
fatty fish;
steep meat and fish broths;
mushrooms and mushroom broths;
baking, puff pastry, sweet pies;
meat by-products;
semi-finished products;
refractory fats (lard, margarine, cooking creams);
millet and barley porridge;
pasta and vermicelli;
whole milk, milk porridges and milk soups;
fermented milk products with a pronounced sour taste;
garlic, radish, green onions, sorrel, raw green vegetables;
sour berries and fruits;
cakes, pastries;
vegetable oil;
strong tea and coffee;
carbonated drinks;
alcohol.

The diet completely excludes foods and drinks that can cause disorders or complications. It is worth noting that in chronic forms of intestinal diseases, it must be observed constantly, the slightest deviations from the nutrition plan can provoke a new attack.

It is allowed to use:

You can cook quite tasty and varied dishes from the presented products. The diet may vary, depending on the characteristics of the patient's body, but only a doctor can change it, you cannot independently introduce new products into the menu. You can find in the specialized literature many interesting recipes that will help you create a complete menu for the week.

Approximate diet menu for the day

Features of the diet for the intestines

Despite the fact that the diet is considered therapeutic and was developed specifically to improve bowel function, it has its own characteristics. It is worth remembering that permitted and prohibited foods may vary, depending on the diagnosis and characteristics of the patient's body. It is for this reason that in no case should you independently “prescribe” a diet for yourself. The time of its observance also depends on many factors, therefore it will be purely individual for each patient.

If a doctor has prescribed nutritional therapy for you, you can be sure that recovery will come in the near future, and in the case of chronic diseases, the remission period will increase significantly.

Problems with bowel function can occur at any age, and exposure to external factors only enhances this. Severe stress, excessive use of potent drugs, a sedentary lifestyle and an unbalanced diet lead to disruption of the stool and the digestive system. This condition cannot be called safe for health, because the work of the intestine affects the content of nutrients in the blood, the hormonal background, as well as the state of the immune system. Therefore, you need to know how to normalize stool in an adult.

This is a violation of the digestive tract, which is accompanied by the absence of a normal bowel movement for a day or more. The diet and habits of the patient play an important role in bowel function and affect the frequency of bowel movements. Consider the main causes and symptoms of constipation.

What causes constipation

Constipation (or, as doctors also call it, obstipation) often appears after an operation, severe stress, or when moving, for example, while traveling. These types of constipation pass on their own after a certain time and doctors do not classify them as diseases. If constipation occurs often enough, then in this case you need to help a specialist.

The most common causes of constipation include:

decreased muscle tone of the intestine;
a change in the functionality of the intestine or its structure, which interferes with the normal movement of feces;
violation of proportionality between the volume of the contents of the intestine and the large intestine;
unbalanced diet;
bad habits;
insufficient activity.

This is not the whole list of causative factors that can provoke the appearance of constipation.

Symptoms

Recognizing constipation is very easy, it does not require any tests or special skills. The signs of constipation look like this:

the intestines are not emptied for several days;
the act of defecation lasts long enough;
there is discomfort or pain during bowel movements, since this process requires a lot of stress;
even after the completion of the act of defecation, the patient feels heaviness in the abdomen, there is a feeling of incomplete emptying of the intestine;
the stomach becomes firmer, bloating is observed;
the consistency of the feces is quite dry and dense. At the time of bowel movement, the patient may notice bloody discharge.

The combination of all these symptoms may indicate the development of serious diseases, so they cannot be ignored. Otherwise, complications may arise, including inflammation of the rectum (proctosigmoiditis), secondary colitis, hemorrhoids, fissure in the anus and other equally serious pathological conditions. Only a timely visit to the doctor will help prevent their development.

Video: Causes of constipation

Diarrhea

Diarrhea or, as it is also popularly called, diarrhea is a common symptom of many gastrointestinal pathologies that have different causes. This disease means the condition of the patient, in which bowel movements become more frequent with a changed character of the stool. When diarrhea occurs, other symptoms may also occur, such as fever, nausea, and abdominal pain.

Diarrhea is a common symptom of many diseases.

Causes

There are a number of factors that can trigger diarrhea. The most common of these include:

Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and other autoimmune diseases;
fermentopathy;
intestinal dysbacteriosis caused by long-term use of anticancer or antibacterial drugs;
infectious pathologies of the digestive system (salmonellosis, food poisoning, cholera);
violation of intestinal motility.

On a note! Some hereditary diseases can also lead to the appearance of the disease, during the course of which the patient's body does not tolerate certain substances and products. Among these diseases, it is worth highlighting cirrhosis of the liver, lactase deficiency (lactase is a special enzyme involved in the breakdown of lactose), acute / chronic pancreatitis, celiac disease and other diseases.

Symptoms

Diarrhea is often accompanied by additional symptoms, according to which the doctor makes a diagnosis. The main signs of diarrhea include:

the appearance of mucous or bloody discharge in the feces;
remnants of undigested food in the stool;
stools - usually mushy or liquid;
the color of the stool may differ from normal, as well as the smell;
weak bowel syndrome (fecal incontinence);
frequent urge to defecate.

In addition to the above signs, the patient may notice the appearance of additional symptoms:

pain in the abdomen. It can be of a different nature (cutting, pulling, dull);
heat;
severe nausea.

If diarrhea continues for a long time, it will soon lead to dehydration of the patient's body. Clinical picture of dehydration:

cachexia;
the appearance of "flies" before the eyes (floating opacities that can be seen when blinking);
pre-fainting state;
attacks of tachycardia;
severe dizziness, lowering blood pressure;
drying of the oral mucosa, constant thirst;
general weakness of the body.

It is impossible to delay with the treatment of diarrhea, because this can lead to serious complications. Therefore, at the first suspicious symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. Only he is able to correctly diagnose and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Video: Why loose stools occur

Features of diagnostics

When making a diagnosis, there are usually no difficulties. This is done based on the symptoms described by the patient. But with the identification of the cause of the pathological condition, everything is much more complicated. For this purpose, various laboratory tests (feces, blood, urine) are carried out to identify pathogenic microorganisms that can cause dysbacteriosis. Also, the doctor may prescribe a fluoroscopy or ultrasound, in rare cases, a sigmoidoscopy is performed.

If the doctor suspects the development of any gastrointestinal disease, then he prescribes a complete gastroenterological examination to the patient, which includes:

instrumental data;
laboratory research;
general examination and history taking.

Based on the results obtained, the doctor makes a diagnosis. Only after that you can begin to treat the disease or normalize the work of the intestine.

Ways to normalize stool

It is impossible not to notice the problems that have arisen with the work of the digestive system. Often, such violations are accompanied by pain or discomfort, so the patient immediately tries to get rid of the problem. To improve the functioning of the intestines, various methods are used, starting with taking medications, and ending with therapeutic exercises and folk remedies. Let's consider each of the methods separately.

Pharmacy preparations

Various medications can be used to improve the functioning of the digestive system. With their help, you can get rid of diarrhea, constipation, and also normalize the intestinal microflora. But you need to understand that the choice of a medication should be done by a doctor or it should be under his control. Below are the most effective remedies.

Table. Overview of drugs to normalize bowel function.

Name of the drug, photo	Description
	An excellent drug used in violation of the intestinal microflora and other problems with the digestive system. The composition includes synthesis products of normal microflora, so the drug helps to restore all functions of the intestinal mucosa. Both biological and physiological functions are meant. Often used in the treatment of diarrhea or other bowel problems.
	In fact, this is not a drug, but a dietary supplement (biologically active additive). It is often prescribed by doctors as an effective drug to support all the functions of the patient's intestines. Also used as an adjunct to other drugs.
	The composition of this drug includes extracts of yarrow, propolis, chamomile, bergenia and other medicinal plants. The drug has analgesic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used for dysbacteriosis and other gastroenterological diseases.
	Another drug used to normalize bowel function. It consists of environmentally friendly components, which makes this drug safe even for children. Regular intake of the medicine helps to normalize the stool, facilitate the work of the intestines.
	Hypoammoniemic drug belonging to the group of polysaccharides. It has antibacterial and restorative properties. Its action is to accelerate the processes of splitting lactuose, resulting in increased production of lactic acid and, as a result, normalization of the digestive system.
	This drug is prescribed for the treatment of intestinal dysbacteriosis, constipation, as well as for recovery after surgery on the colon. The drug has some contraindications, so before using it, you need to consult your doctor or at least a pharmacist.
	Used in medicine in the treatment of various types of intestinal disorders. These include irritable bowel syndrome, disruption of the intestinal microflora, and diarrhea. The medicine has no contraindications, with the exception of hypersensitivity to individual components.

On a note! If the pathological condition of the intestine does not improve long enough, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination. Perhaps this is not ordinary food poisoning, but something more serious. In any case, it is not recommended to leave it unattended.

Nutrition

Diet plays an important role in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and its health. Constant snacking on the run, alcohol abuse, an abundance of junk food in addition to the chemical dyes that many foods contain - all this has a bad effect on health and often leads to disruption of the intestinal tract. You need to know how diet can help stabilize his work.

First of all, need to review and, if necessary, completely change the diet. If earlier you ate no more than 3 times a day, as most of us do, now the food should be fractional. This means that you need to eat often, but the portions should not be large. Thus, you unload the digestive system, as a result of which it will work much better. In addition, you need to eat at about the same time. This is the golden rule of good bowel function. Try to make it your habit.

When you eat, try not to be distracted by watching a movie or reading a newspaper. This can lead to you eating way more food than you need at one meal. Many people tend to eat a lot after being stressed. This is wrong, because such food will not be useful to the body, but rather, on the contrary, it will harm it. You also need to limit the number of products that adversely affect intestinal motility.

Treatment with traditional medicine

As an addition to traditional treatment, many use proven traditional medicine recipes. There are many different recipes, but not all of them are truly effective. The most common remedy is a decoction of prunes. To prepare it, you need to pour a little prunes with warm water and insist for 20-30 minutes. Take the resulting decoction throughout the day, and eat the remaining prunes. This will help normalize the stool.

For this purpose, various medicinal plants are used, which have a positive effect not only on the functioning of the intestines, but also on the entire patient's body as a whole. As a rule, decoctions and infusions are prepared from them. Most often, anise, string, St. John's wort, dandelion, mint, flax, yarrow, ginger and other plants are used in folk medicine. All medicines are prepared according to the same principle: first you need to boil water, grind a little plant, then pour several tablespoons of chopped herbs with boiling water and leave for 10 to 40 minutes. The finished product is taken 2-3 times a day. You will notice positive changes almost immediately.

If treatment with folk remedies did not give the desired result and the bowel function did not return to normal, you need to start treatment with more serious pharmaceutical preparations. To do this, consult a doctor. As an addition to all the above methods of treatment, doctors recommend performing therapeutic exercises. This does not mean that you can forget about taking medications. Gymnastics is just an addition. For this purpose, there are special exercises, the regular implementation of which contributes to the normalization of the digestive system.

Prevention measures

You can prevent the occurrence of many pathologies, including constipation, diarrhea and other manifestations of improper bowel function. To do this, you need to follow some rules:

eat right. Try to avoid harmful foods, do not overeat, and the maximum interval between meals should not be more than 5 hours;
give up bad habits. Smoking and alcohol negatively affect the entire body, including the digestive system. To avoid constipation, you need to quit smoking and abuse alcohol products;
adjust your diet. Add more fiber foods to it. This will improve the metabolic processes in the body. Such products include walnuts, fermented milk products, buckwheat, rice and other types of cereals, fresh vegetables and fruits;
exercise regularly, especially if you lead a sedentary lifestyle. Due to the lack of physical activity, there are often problems with the digestive system. We are not talking about excessive loads under which you can easily earn a hernia. It is enough to go swimming or cycling several times a week. Dancing is also good for this role;
learn to relax. As mentioned earlier, a lot of stress can provoke intestinal problems, so if you work in a stressful job, such as a bank teller, it is better to change it. Yoga classes are great for relaxation;
keep drinking regimen. The consistency of feces affects the patency of feces through the large intestine, so it is necessary to drink a sufficient amount of liquid. The recommended dose for an adult is 1.5-2 liters. This applies not only to pure water, but also to other drinks. Of course, it is better to give preference to fresh compotes than carbonated drinks or tea. It's much more useful.

As you have already seen, it is possible to normalize bowel function and stool without any problems. With the right approach, the problem can be easily solved, and most importantly, prevent its reappearance. You just need to slightly change your rhythm of life, make adjustments to the diet, acquire a new hobby in the form of playing sports. All this is the key to health.