Essay professional portrait of a teacher. Essay on the topic: “Professional portrait of a teacher. List of used literature
Characteristics of the Bolkonsky family in L. N. Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace"
Most of the novel “War and Peace” by L. N. Tolstoy is devoted to the Russian nobility of the early 19th century. The reader is presented with a number of families that, in fact, are close to each other - in the sense of measured life, calmness, subordination to the general rules that existed in the upper strata of society of that time. All their members go to balls, visit the drawing room of Anna Pavlovna Sherer, dance, have fun, and have small talk.
However, there is one family, whose originality of customs and traditions, homely atmosphere immediately catches the eye. This is how the Bolkonsky family is represented. She lives her own closed life, which makes her different from others. Why did it happen? In fact, the Bolkonsky clan is a hereditary military, and military affairs implies submission, rigor, accuracy and rigidity. Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky is such a “purebred” military man. He defines the spirit of the family. Life experience hardened not only his body, but also his soul, put strict military rules into him. The whole schedule of his day is scheduled by the minute and carried out with amazing accuracy: “... the main condition for activity is order, but the order in his life has been brought to the last degree of accuracy. His exits to the table were made under the same constant conditions, and not only in one hour, but also in a minute. And God forbid anyone to break this routine, which is the main law of life of Nikolai Andreevich. For example, during the arrival of Prince Andrei and his wife, the son does not immediately go to his father, but waits until his rest time is over, because he is already used to it.
The old prince is constantly engaged in physical and mental labor: “He himself was constantly busy either writing his memoirs, or calculations from higher mathematics, or turning snuff boxes on a machine tool, or working in the garden and observing buildings that did not stop ...” The reader practically does not see Nikolai Andreevich idle. Even when his son leaves for military service, he continues to work, although he is worried that Prince Andrei may die: “When Prince Andrei entered the office, the old prince, in old man's glasses and in his white coat, in which he did not receive anyone son, sat at the table and wrote.
The elder Bolkonsky is not a tyrant, he is simply demanding not only of himself, but also of everyone around him. It can also be said that he led an ascetic lifestyle and by his example forced his loved ones to do the same. In people who in one way or another communicated with him, the prince aroused fear and reverence. Although he was retired and no longer had any significance in state affairs, each head of the province where the Bolkonsky estate was located considered it his duty to come to him and express his respect.
Probably, it would be wrong to consider that the old prince is insensitive and hard-hearted, no, he is simply not used to showing his feelings, weaknesses even to his relatives. Firstly, he himself was brought up this way from childhood, and secondly, service in the army taught him another lesson: he saw how weak-willed people with high morals lost to those who were firm and purposeful.
In the family of Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, there are two children - Marya and Andrey. Their mother died early. All the main upbringing of children fell on the father. Since the father has always been the ideal for children, many of his traits passed from him to the children. They grew up in an environment that was not conducive to laughter, fun, or jokes. The father talked to them as if they were adults, kept them in a tight rein, didn’t care much and didn’t cherish them.
Princess Mary adopted more masculine character traits than she should, because Nikolai Andreevich did not stand on ceremony with her and raised her on a par with her son. In her, the same rigidity, although expressed in a weaker form, along with deep moral principles, Marya Nikolaevna is not like other secular women. It contains real human values that do not depend on time and environment, fashion and popular theories. Marya Nikolaevna did not appear at the balls and in the drawing room of A.P. Scherer, because her father considered all this nonsense and stupidity, a useless waste of time.
Instead of balls and celebrations, Princess Mary was engaged in mathematical sciences with her father: “... so that you look like our stupid ladies, I don’t want ...”.
She is not beautiful, but not bad either - she is a girl who is hardly noticed by men, and because of this she is married to the eccentric Anatoly Kuragin. She has only one friend - Julie, and that only by correspondence. Princess Mary, as it were, lives in her own little world, lonely and hardly understood by anyone.
Why is this heroine so obsessed with faith, why does she accept beggars, wanderers? Perhaps she simply does not find in her life such a person who is able to understand her, to advise something sensible ... It seems to me that it is from loneliness that she turns to God. Wanderers, in her view, are approaching the image of Christ. Sometimes it seems that these strangers are closer to Princess Mary than her father and brother.
Andrei Nikolaevich Bolkonsky is the son of the old prince, almost identical with him in character. The same set of qualities of a military man: firmness, courage, determination; the same coldness and aloofness in his actions and thoughts. Most of all, in my opinion, the wife of Prince Andrei, the little princess Liza, suffers from all these traits. How did she deserve such an attitude from her husband? Only because she is a normal woman who goes to balls and loves entertainment, laughter and joy?
Another trait that Andrei Nikolaevich inherited from his father is isolation, closeness from people, fenced off from what is happening in the outside world. With his father, he is laconic, however, as with other people of his circle. It would seem that Natasha is the angel who will save Prince Andrei, bestowing love, but we do not see this hero open his soul to his beloved. Andrei Bolkonsky does not tell anyone about his past or future at all, he lives in the present. Lives an inner life.
Thus, the old noble family of the Bolkonskys preserves its traditions and passes them on to a new generation.
The role of the Bolkonsky family in the work
An important role is played in the novel "War and Peace" by the Bolkonsky family. The main problems of the work of the great writer are inextricably linked with them. The text traces the history of several families. The main attention is paid to Bolkonsky, Rostov and Kuragin. The author's sympathies are on the side of the Rostovs and Bolkonskys. There is a big difference between them. The relationship between the Rostovs is sensual and emotional. Bolkonsky is guided by reason and expediency. But it is in these families that the beloved heroes of Leo Tolstoy are brought up. Members of the Bolkonsky family are prominent representatives of the people of "peace and light." Their fates are closely intertwined with the life paths of other characters in the work. They take an active part in the development of the storyline of the story. Psychological problems, issues of morality, morality, family values are reflected in the depiction of these characters.
Relationship characteristics
The Bolkonskys belong to an ancient princely family and live in the Bald Mountains estate, located not far from the capital. Each of the family members is an extraordinary person, endowed with a strong character and remarkable abilities.
Head of family
Old Prince Nikolai Andreevich, his son Andrei Nikolaevich and Princess Marya Nikolaevna are members of the Bolkonsky family in the novel War and Peace.
The head of the family is the old prince Bolkonsky. This is a man with a strong character and a well-established worldview. A successful military career, honors and respect remained for him in the distant past. On the pages of the book we see an old man who retired from military service and state affairs, retired to his estate. Despite the blows of fate, he is full of strength and energy. The day of the old man is scheduled by the minute. In his routine there is a place for both mental and physical labor. Nikolai Andreevich draws up plans for military campaigns, works in a carpentry workshop, and is engaged in arranging the estate. He is of sound mind and in good physical shape, does not recognize idleness for himself and makes all household members live according to his rules. It is especially difficult for the daughter, who is forced to study the natural sciences and endure the heavy temper of her father.
The proud and uncompromising nature of the old prince brings a lot of trouble to those around him, and incorruptibility, honesty and intelligence command respect.
Prince Andrey
We meet Andrei Bolkonsky in the first chapter of the work. He appears among the guests of the secular salon of Anna Pavlovna Scherer and immediately attracts everyone's attention. The young man stands out against the general background not only in appearance, but also in his behavior. We understand that the people around us cause irritation and even anger in him. He dislikes false masks, lies, hypocrisy and empty talk of secular society. A sincere kind smile appears on the face of the hero only at the sight of Pierre Bezukhov. Andrei Bolkonsky is young, handsome, educated, but dissatisfied with his existence on this earth. He does not love his beautiful wife, he is dissatisfied with his career. Throughout the development of the storyline, the image of the hero is revealed to the reader in all its depth.
At the beginning of the novel, Andrei is a man who dreams of becoming like Napoleon. Therefore, he decides to leave his pregnant wife, his bored lifestyle and goes to military service. He dreams of heroic deeds, fame and popular love. The high sky of Austerlitz changes his worldview and corrects his plans for life. He is constantly looking for himself. Feats and severe wounds, love and betrayal, disappointments and victories fill the life of one of Tolstoy's favorite heroes. As a result, the young prince finds the true meaning of life in serving the Fatherland, protecting his homeland. The fate of the hero is tragic. He dies from a severe wound, never making his dream come true.
Princess Mary
The sister of Andrei Bolkonsky, Princess Marya is one of the most striking and touching images of the story. Living close to her father, she is patient and submissive. Thoughts about her husband, her family and children seem to her pipe dreams. Marya is unattractive: "an ugly weak body and a thin face", insecure and lonely. Only “large, deep, radiant” eyes were remarkable in her appearance: “She sees her destiny in serving the Lord. Deep faith gives strength, is an outlet in her difficult life situation. “I don’t want another life, and I can’t wish, because I don’t know another life,” the heroine says about herself.
The timid and gentle Princess Marya is equally kind to everyone, sincere and spiritually rich. For the sake of loved ones, the girl is ready for sacrifices and decisive actions. At the end of the novel, we see the heroine as the happy wife of Nikolai Rostov and a caring mother. Fate rewards her for devotion, love and patience.
family traits
In the novel War and Peace, the Bolkonsky house is an example of truly aristocratic foundations. Restraint reigns in the relationship, although all family members sincerely love each other. The Spartan way of existence does not allow you to show your feelings and experiences, whine, complain about life. No one is allowed to break the strict rules of conduct.
The Bolkonskys in the novel "War and Peace" personify the best features of the nobility that is going down in history. Once the representatives of this class were the basis of the state, they devoted their lives to serving the Fatherland, like the representatives of this noble family.
Each of the Bolkonsky family has its own unique character traits. But they have something in common that unites these people. They are distinguished by family pride, honesty, patriotism, nobility, and a high intellectual level of development. Betrayal, meanness, cowardice have no place in the souls of these heroes. The characterization of the Bolkonsky family develops gradually throughout the story.
The idea of a classic
Testing the strength of family ties, the writer takes his heroes through a series of trials: love, war and social life. Representatives of the Bolkonsky family successfully cope with difficulties thanks to the support of their relatives.
As conceived by the great writer, the chapters devoted to describing the life of the Bolkonsky family play a huge role in the ideological content of the novel War and Peace. They are people of "light", worthy of deep respect. The image of the family way of favorite heroes helps the classics to display the “family thought”, to build their work in the genre of family chronicles.
Artwork test
Essay on the topic of:
"Portrait of a modern teacher"
For 23 years now I have been a teacher and not just a teacher, but the first teacher.Since childhood, I firmly knew that I would be a teacher and only a teacher of elementary grades. Why did I choose this profession? The choice is not accidental.
My mother devoted her whole life to this noble cause. I liked to watch how she writes plans, prepares for the lesson, how dad helps her design stands, tables. And if she took me to school, to her class, it was happiness: to watch how she communicates with children, with colleagues, to see how she is loved and respected. I also wanted to be the same attentive to the children.
Children are a special, extraordinary world - an unpredictable flurry of emotions, feelings, moods! Their souls are open, they are ready to absorb both good and bad. To be a teacher, you must first of all love children, rejoice with them and with them, sympathize, empathize with their hardships and joys. In my opinion, the profession of a teacher is always diverse, it reveals itself every day in a new way, revealing more and more new colors. You try to lead the little man both into new knowledge and into life, you teach him not only to read and write, but you share your experience, your knowledge, skills, skills with him, you try to teach him to be better, kinder.
Teacher - one of the most honorable and at the same time very responsible professions on Earth. The teacher has a large circle of responsibility for improving the younger generation, shaping the future of the country.
Today, very high professional requirements are imposed on the teacher: universal education, erudition, awareness, progressiveness, the ability to conduct interesting lessons, give interesting assignments.
It is not enough for a modern teacher to know his subject well; he must be well versed in pedagogy and child psychology. There are many specialists in different fields, but not everyone can become good teachers. It is not a fact that a great professional, a scientist will be able to teach children, especially at school. This requires a special warehouse of personality, the unique qualities of an educator.
So what should a modern teacher be like? The teacher must have a number of relevant qualities, such as kindness, nobility, cheerfulness, poise, tolerance, justice, responsibility, truthfulness, conscientiousness, diligence, accuracy, curiosity, resourcefulness, quick wits, endurance, organization, determination, self-demanding, politeness, tact, sensitivity, self-criticism.
The worst thing in the teaching profession is the lack of a true vocation, indifference to children. But you can't fool a child. He will respond to the indifference of the teacher with indifference to his subject, to the falsity in his words - with his deceit, to inattention - with restlessness and poor academic performance ... The teacher in any situation must be honest with his students, be able to find a common language with them, understand children's problems and to the extent possible to solve them. He must equally love each of his disciples, showing no preference to anyone ...
In addition, each teacher must constantly engage in self-education: read specialized literature, take part in various competitions. However, the teacher's education does not end there - every few years he is obliged to undergo retraining at special universities (advanced training), since science is constantly moving forward and the teacher must teach children using not only old developments, but also the latest methods.
A modern teacher should be a model of upbringing and culture of behavior. Rudeness, shouting, insults at school are unacceptable. By his example, the teacher should infect children so that they adopt his best qualities, listen to competent speech filled with meaning. A modern teacher is kind and polite towards children and adults, restrained, responsive, caring, sociable. Do not forget about the appearance of the teacher. The proverb “meet by clothes, see off by mind” will be very useful here. A modern and tastefully dressed teacher first arouses visual interest in children, and only then becomes interested in what he is talking about.
A modern teacher should be able to bring out all the best qualities inherent in the soul of every child, encourage children, not just teach them a subject, but prepare them for entering a new, mysterious, independent adult life.
Whether the school years will be memorable or they will indifferently pass by the child - in many ways, if not in everything, depends on the teacher.
The modern teacher is called upon to “sow the reasonable, the good, the eternal,” just like hundreds of years ago, since “the well-being of the whole people depends on the right education” (D. Locke).
A modern teacher is a person who is believed, from whom they expect, albeit a small, but a miracle at every lesson, and leaving the classroom, the children say: “We were very interested and comfortable with you. Thank you for the lesson!"
A modern teacher should always remain restless, be in a creative search, inspire students to achieve new and new heights. After all, it is the teacher who is entrusted with the most precious thing - children, the future of the country, the future of the entire planet.
And let every teacher who taught children something, even the smallest, they remember all their lives with warmth, love and respect.
Composition
The story of N.V. Gogol Portrait consists of two interrelated parts.
The first part of the story tells the viewer about a young artist named Chartkov, who one day, going into an art shop, discovers an amazing portrait. It depicts an old man in some kind of Asian costume, and the portrait itself is old. But Chartkov is simply struck by the eyes of the old man from the portrait: they possessed a strange liveliness; and destroyed the harmony with their reality. Chartkov buys a portrait and takes it to his poor house. Meanwhile, Chartkov's dream is to get rich and become a fashionable painter. At home, he examines the portrait better, and sees that now not only the eyes are alive, but the whole face, it seems as if the old man is about to come to life. The young artist goes to bed, and he dreams that the old man got out of his portrait, and shows a bag in which there are a lot of bundles of money. The artist discreetly hides one of them. In the morning he does discover the money. What happens to the main character next? Chartkov rents a new apartment, orders a commendable article about himself in the newspaper and begins to paint fashionable portraits. Moreover, the similarity of portraits and
customers - the minimum, as the artist embellishes faces and removes flaws. Money flows like a river. Chartkov himself wonders how he could previously attach so much importance to similarity and spend so much time working on one portrait. Chartkov becomes fashionable, famous, he is invited everywhere. The Academy of Arts asks him to express his opinion about the work of a young artist. Chartkov was about to criticize, but suddenly he sees how magnificent the work of a young talent is. He understands that he once traded his talent for money. And then he is possessed by envy of all talented artists - he begins to buy up the best paintings with one goal: to come and cut them into pieces at home. At the same time, Chartkov constantly sees the eyes of the old man from the portrait. Soon he dies, leaving nothing behind: all the money was spent on the destruction of the beautiful paintings of other artists.
In the second part of the story Portrait, the author talks about an auction where a portrait of an old man is being sold. Everyone wants to buy a strange painting, but the other one person, saying that the portrait should go to him, because he had been looking for it for a long time. The person who bought the portrait tells an incredible story. Once upon a time, there lived in Petersburg a certain usurer, who was different from other opportunities to lend any amount of money. But a strange feature - everyone who received money from him ended his life sadly. A certain young man patronized the arts and went bankrupt. He borrowed money from a usurer, and suddenly began to hate art, began to write denunciations, everywhere he saw the impending revolution. He is punished, exiled and he dies. Or - a certain prince falls in love with a beauty. But he cannot marry her, because he is ruined. Turning to the usurer, marry her and becomes jealous. Somehow he even rushes at his wife with a knife, but in the end he stabs himself. The father of the man who bought the painting by the artist. Once the moneylender asked to portray him. But the longer he draws, the more disgust he feels for the old man. When the portrait is drawn, the usurer says that he will now live in the portrait, and dies the next evening. Changes are taking place in the artist himself: he begins to envy the talent of the student ... When a friend takes the portrait, peace returns to the artist. It soon turns out that the portrait brought misfortune to a friend, and he sold it. The artist understands how much trouble his creation can bring. Having accepted, tonsured a monk, bequeathed to his son to find and destroy the portrait. He says: Whoever has talent in himself must be the purest of all in soul. People listening to the story turn to the portrait, but it is no longer there - someone managed to steal it.
So ends the story of N.V. Gogol Portrait.
ESSAY ON THE TOPIC OF:
« PORTRAIT OF A MODERN TEACHER»
Reshetnikova Svetlana Nikolaevna,
primary school teacher,
MBOU Astrakhan "Secondary School No. 12"
Essay "Portrait of a modern teacher"
The teacher of the 21st century is a creator in the most diverse areas of pedagogical activity: an experienced technologist, an organizer, always striving to sum up his work, generalize his experience.
It is not easy to talk about sad things, and yet we will believe that the teacher of the 21st century will finally become a specialist in a highly paid profession. The degree of self-giving that is inherent in people of our specialty will sooner or later be deservedly appreciated by the society of the future.
"A teacher, regardless of gender, should dress strictly, modestly, cleanly and neatly, avoid bright, flashy colors. By his appearance, he will be able to set an example of good taste for his students. Of course, shoes should be carefully cleaned, hair should be neat, and manicure should be classic However, clothes are only part of the appearance, the manner of behavior is important.
“A modern teacher must keep up with the times” - both teachers and students agree with this opinion. But what does it mean? It is no secret that time does not stand still, the volume and quality of information, the content of school programs, textbooks, and manuals are rapidly changing. The use of computer technology is becoming commonplace in the activities of a teacher. Of course, a computer helps to get information, a book gives food for thought, but only a teacher can teach and educate. His task is to fill the student’s world with moral colors, to believe in the good and see the best in students, which is not yet there, but will definitely manifest itself later, and also to teach him to learn so that the student is able and willing to acquire knowledge on his own. And, of course, there should be an assistant teacher, partner teacher and employee nearby.
A teacher who has pleasant manners, and this includes facial expressions, gestures, posture, and communication skills, wins people over. All the manners of the teacher should have one common feature - this is the observance of pedagogical tact, which includes increased sensitivity to others and the ability to find such a form of communication with another person that would allow him to maintain personal dignity. Personal qualities in the teaching profession are inseparable from professional ones. Over time, the level of demands placed on us becomes higher and higher. Today we really must know and be able to do a lot, otherwise we will not be interesting to our students. But we must not forget about moral qualities. And for this it is necessary that our heart, the main pedagogical tool of the teacher, be able to see. A tool for knowing oneself, life, the soul of a child.
Today, the teacher should be not only a source of knowledge, but also an active participant in the educational process. To involve each child in the learning process, to be able to listen to him, to make him his assistant, to look through the eyes of the student at the problem that worries him - this is the task of the teacher. Only a teacher who is well versed in the methodology can properly organize pedagogical activities and prepare for the lesson. Now there is a lot of talk about innovations in the educational process. The teachers of our school do not have a single idea of innovation. Not every teacher has comprehended his own teaching, developmental and educational role in the modern pedagogical process. Not every teacher is ready to make the student an equal participant in the pedagogical process. So far, not every teacher has identified for himself the priority tasks of teaching.
Teaching is a calling, teaching is a ministry, not a job.
A professional teacher does not go to work, does not serve school hours, but lives together with the children, experiences everything that happens every day, bringing together painstaking invisible creativity in preparing for lessons, and extracurricular work on the subject, and all the diverse activities in cooperation with students. At the same time, he shows a desire to work creatively. The creative activity of the teacher, which involves the development of the child, is based on being ahead of the curve, on a constant creative search in all types of interaction with students.
The teacher must keep up with the times: use innovations in his work, various methods, must be fluent in the material taught. But most importantly, he must be a PERSON WITH A CAPITAL LETTER. It is necessary to leave the negative beyond the threshold of the school, and to carry and sow the good, reasonable, eternal to the children, no matter how hard it is on the soul. It would not hurt to recall folk wisdom in the form of proverbs and sayings: "As it comes around, it will respond." It depends on us what will respond to us in the near future. We are afraid to think about the future, so maybe we will think about who we are educating and what we want to receive.
Whatever the public opinion, one thing is clear, the country needs new teaching staff and new specialists, like former school graduates, able to realize themselves in the future. As for the personality of a teacher, I think the essence of a real teacher lies in the very word "TEACHER":
U is unique, smart, successful, versatile, able to professionally present the material.
H - honest, humane, sensitive, with a sense of humor.
And - sincere, individuality.
T - tactful, tolerant, patient.
E - natural, like-minded.
L - loving children, loving his work.
b - and very soft as a soft sign and the word itself!
… and this truth will be timeless.
Literature
1. Bordovskaya I. V., Rean A. A. Pedagogy. Textbook for high school. Moscow: Peter, 2005.
2. Introduction to pedagogical activity. Proc. allowance / ed. A. S. Robotova, T. V. Leontyeva, I. G. Shaposhnikova / M.: Academy, 2008.
3. Kolesnikova I. A., M. P. Gorchakova-Sibirskaya Pedagogical design. Textbook for higher educational institutions, M., Academy, 2006.
4. Kolesnika I. A., Borytko N. M., Polyakov S. D. Educational activities of teachers. Textbook for higher educational institutions M.: Akakdemia, 2008.
5. Frolovskaya MN Formation of a professional image of the teacher's world: Abstract. dis. …, 2009.
6. http://nsportol.ru/shkola/korrektsionnaya-pedagogika/library/2011/09/25/esse-portret sovremennogo-uchitelya-s-uchetom.
7. http://konovalovanata.ucoz.ru/publ/ehsse_portrer_sovremennogo_uchitlija_s_uchetom_kompetentnogo_podkhoola_v_obuchenii/1–1-0–5.