Where is apple located. When Apple was Founded: A Brief History of Success

“An apple does not fall far from an apple tree,” says folk wisdom. We have an excellent opportunity to investigate how right the Russian proverb is. After all, today's article is dedicated to the legendary Apple(from the English "apple"), which was founded by no less famous.

We introduced this person to our readers earlier, and now it's time to get acquainted with his "brainchild" - Apple, the largest manufacturer of personal and tablet computers, audio players, mobile phones and software.

Apple was founded in 1976 Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. She has already crossed her 35-year milestone and boasts some achievements.

At the time the company was founded, Steve Jobs was 21, Steve Wozniak was 25, and Ronald Wayne was 41. This significant event took place in the house of foster parents of Steve Jobs, or rather in the garage:

Please pay special attention to this fact. Many well-known global brands that are worth billions of dollars started their journey in an ordinary garage.

Many newcomers who want to open their own business think that it takes a lot of money to open their own business, that they need to rent a business premises, purchase goods or equipment, and hire a bunch of staff.

As a result, even at the start, a rather large amount accumulates, which the beginner simply does not have. And this amount usually scares a person away. Of course, there are types of businesses that need fabulous money to open from the first days.

Look for ideas that don't require a lot of money to implement, and that this business can be started in your parents' garage or even right in your room. But back to Apple.

Apple is the most powerful brand in the world and the most valuable company in the world

In May 2011, according to the ranking of the research agency Millward Brown, the Apple brand was named the most valuable brand in the world. According to Forbes data for October 2012, the Apple brand broke into the lead in the ranking of "most influential", ahead of brands such as, and IBM.

In November 2013, the market capitalization of the company, that is, its actual value, is about 472 billion dollars, and the company reached its maximum capitalization in September 2012, when its market value was estimated at more than $700 billion., making Apple the most valuable company in history!

Apple is headquartered in the small town of Cupertino., which is 75 km from San Francisco, California. Interestingly, the number of people in Cupertino is even smaller than the number of Apple employees - the company currently employs 60,400 employees!

What distinguishes the multi-thousandth Apple company from its competitors and allows it to earn billions of dollars?

The company, historically a manufacturer of PCs and software, has expanded its market segments in the 21st century, entering the next development orbit with new audio players, smartphones and tablet computers.

Apple is certainly a leading company, an innovator company, and in this it is very similar to its co-founder Steve Jobs.

The merits of Apple are undeniable, because iPod audio player made a real breakthrough in the world of digital music, iPhone smartphone turned our vision of mobile phones upside down, and iPad tablet set the vector for the development of the digital device market.

All these “i-gadgets” have become an integral part of the image of a businesslike, respectable and successful person. I won’t be surprised if smart “Apple” devices with an “ai” prefix generally displace such names as “audio player”, “telephone” and “tablet computer” from everyday life.

Tim Cook, Apple's CEO since 2011, said he was very proud that the company was entering the holiday season "with the best iPhones, iPads, Macs, iPods ever and full confidence in the potential of our new product line."

The production of these new products, which are in high demand around the world, really improved the financial situation of Apple dramatically.

As Steve Jobs said at the presentation of the first iPhone in 2007: “We didn’t create a new phone, we reinvented it”

And at the presentation of the Internet tablet iPad 2 in 2011, he announced the advent of the era of post-computer devices.

According to him, they are simpler and more understandable than conventional PCs, and it is behind them that he sees the future, while his competitors are only "trying to find the optimal balance in new PC models."

And even if these same competitors in the person of the founder of Microsoft call the iPad just “a good reader and no more”, time will tell who is right.

And therein lies the essence of Apple. More precisely, one of many. After all, if you unravel the secret formula for the success of an apple company and master the art of creating such popular and beloved products and devices, you can become fabulously rich.

I note that after the appearance of the tablet, some online publications began developing special applications for it, for example, the most popular magazine in the United States, Time, developed a whole concept for its iPad version.

However, is it really only innovation and high technology that helped Apple reach the pedestal on which the company is comfortably located today?

After all, now Apple is more than new IT technologies and modern production. Apple is about aesthetic design, unique reputation, recognizable style, successful image and a whole culture in the consumer electronics industry. In a word, Apple is a legend.

And let them say that "it's easy to find out if a person has an iPhone - he himself will boast of it in the first five minutes of meeting" and "the main purpose of the iPad is to show that you can afford an iPad."

There is some truth in every joke, and the fact that “apple” jokes have appeared indicates that all these “i-things” have leaked into our market, have taken root there and have fallen in love.

Although this is true. Today, Apple products are, first of all, a symbol of the wealth and prosperity of its owner. People who buy an iPhone for the first time do not do so because of its technical features, but because of the status.

After all, if you figure it out like this, then for the same price you can buy a gadget that is more sophisticated in technical terms, but whose name is not so well known. Perhaps this feature should be adopted.

If you are running a business or planning to create one, then you need to aim not only at the technical parameters of your product or service, but also at its social aspects. If you manage to create a product that is cool to own, then your business will work as it should.

To dot the “i” in this “Apple” set-top box, I’ll say that Apple is even more than a manufacturer of i-gadgets.

After all, the company stood at the origins of the creation of personal computers, its history is complex and interesting.

One of the merits of Apple is that it was this company that paved the way for the production of personal computers with its Apple II series of PCs. In addition, Apple was the first to see the great possibilities of the graphical interface and the computer mouse, introducing them into its products.

Let's outline the important stages of Apple's long journey in order:

1976 is the year of foundation of the company.

One version of the origin of the name says that Steve Jobs wanted to see the company on the front pages of the telephone directory, hence the name on "a", and according to the second version, he simply carried out his threat to name the company "Apple", because nothing better was invented.

By the way, this is what the first Apple Computer logo looked like.

By the way, this logo was invented by the third Apple co-founder Ronald Wayne(Ronald Gerald Wayne). He is also called one of the biggest losers in the world, because he lost a tenth of the company for just $2,300.

The fact is that when they opened Apple, Ronald Wayne did not have confidence in the favorable future of this company. In addition, he had property that he risked if things in this business went wrong.

Legally, all members of the company were liable for any debts of the company, even if they arose through the fault of another partner. Jobs and Wozniak had nothing at the time. They risked almost nothing, and Wayne could lose his property, which could go to the benefit of creditors if things went wrong.

Let me remind you that officially the company Apple Computer Inc. was registered on April 1, 1976, and Wayne gave up his share on April 12, that is, less than 2 weeks later. Thus, he deprived himself of a potential fortune of 70 billion dollars!

Let me remind you that in September 2012, Apple was worth more than $700 billion, and 10% of this amount is $70 billion. And we will return to the history of the company, or rather the logo.

The logo created by Ron Wayne did not take root in the company. It was used for about a year, after which they decided to replace it with something simpler and more understandable. As a result, Steve Jobs turned to designer Rob Janoff, who created this logo:

This logo was created in just a week, and it was bitten so that it was strongly associated with an apple, because without a bite it could be confused with a tomato.

The Apple logo is simple, clear and recognizable. He flickers in films, in places where successful people meet, and more and more often in everyday life. They say that even the president of Samsung, Apple's main competitor in the smartphone market, is afraid of eating apples in crowded places: what if the paparazzi take a picture of him with a bite?

By the way, this logo existed in the company from 1976 to 1998, after which it was replaced with a monochrome one:

Now let's get back to Apple's history. In 1976, the Apple I programmable computer was launched.

1977-93 - release of various models of Apple II computers. It became the company's first mass-produced computer.

1980 Apple is holding the largest IPO in history since 1956 (the year Ford went public).

Thus, Apple becomes a public company, and now its shares are traded on the NASDAQ stock market and the London Stock Exchange. In 2012, the company's shares for the first time exceeded $500, and in the same year they reached $700 on NASDAQ electronic trading.

1980 - characterized by the disastrous release of the Apple III PC. This computer turned out to be quite raw. It constantly broke down, and besides, there were very few offers for it on the computer software market.

Problems with their sales lead to the fact that Jobs lays off 40 employees, and the media talk about the imminent collapse of the company.

By that time, Jobs had lost interest in the Apple III project and turned all his attention to the Apple Lisa project. And around the same time, Jobs begins the first “graters” with other co-owners of the company and the board of directors.

Jobs was a tough enough man. He always wanted it to be the way he wanted, which is why conflicts arose with employees, engineers and partners.

The fact is that for the development of a project in companies like Apple create special working groups that solve the tasks. Each group has its own leader. And Jobs used to get into the affairs of this or that group and make significant amendments to previously developed projects.

Something like this happened with the Lisa project. Imagine that a computer project has been developed and work is in full swing on it. Then Jobs appears and orders everything to be done differently. Naturally, all this terribly slowed down the work, and since Jobs was a perfectionist, he did not calm down until he brought every little thing to an ideal state.

This led to delays in the delivery of projects and, accordingly, to a shortfall in the company's profit, which was terribly disliked by shareholders. As a result, Jobs was removed from the Lisa project. which upset him greatly.

1983 - Steve Jobs invites the highly experienced John Scully, at that time the CEO of PepsiCo, to the post of company president. The phrase, with which Jobs managed to "poach" a top manager of Pepsi into the director's chair of Apple, has become one of the most famous statements in business - "Are you going to sell soda for the rest of your life, or do you want to come with me and change the world?" Scully chooses Apple and leads the company until 1993.

True, Jobs would soon regret it, saying that hiring Scully was the worst decision of his life.

1984 – Apple introduces a new 32-bit Macintosh computer, named by developer Jeff Raskin after his favorite variety of apples. True, Jeff led the project at the beginning, and then he was sent on a forced vacation, and the project was headed by Steve Jobs.

The release of Macintosh computers strengthened Jobs's position in the company, since thanks to the release of this model, it was possible to increase the company's profits.

After that, the company ceases production of the uncompetitive Apple III family of PCs. The Macintosh series becomes the company's core business.

1985 - Due to conflicts in the leadership, the company leaves its co-founder Steve Jobs. Although leaving the company does not sound quite right. In fact, he was fired from his own company.

Despite the fact that the Macintosh sold, but not as well as planned. Shareholders accused Steve Jobs of building uncompetitive computers, and Jobs accused shareholders and executives of overpricing the Macintosh.

Jobs considered the main villain to be Scully, who had once been dragged from Pepsi. As a result of this confrontation, the board of directors chose John Scully as a more experienced leader who could improve Apple's business.

In the same year, Jobs founded NeXT. Later, in 2005, in a speech to the alumni of Stanford University, Jobs would say that leaving Apple was the best and right decision at that moment.

Working with Scully does not bring Apple much success. All this time, the company has been teetering on the brink of survival. As a result, after a significant drop in Apple's market value, John Scully is fired by the board of directors.

Jobs at NeXT is also doing pretty well. As a result, Apple's new management decides that the company needs a drastic change and that only Jobs can spearhead that change.

It is worth noting that NeXT was doing so badly that Jobs had to curtail all computer production, leaving only software development afloat.

Subsequently, the developments made became the basis of the Mac OS operating system.

1996 Returns to Apple's director's chair. The company buys Jobs' NeXT for as much as $430 million. I note that over the years of its existence, Apple has repeatedly absorbed various companies operating in the IT technology market - Siri, Anobit Technologies, etc.

From 1996 to 1998 Apple has changed dramatically. It was decided to abandon many projects. More than 3,000 employees were laid off. The company has focused its efforts on four main areas:

• stationary models of computers for professionals Power Macintosh G3
• portable computer models for professionals PowerBook G3
• stationary models of computers for ordinary consumers iMac
• portable computer models for ordinary consumers iBook

1998 – As a result of the work done in the arena of computer technology, a new futuristic model iMac G3, which became the fastest-selling computer in the history of Apple, appears.

In parallel, Jobs begins to hatch the idea of ​​​​creating his own chain of stores that will sell apple products. He was not happy with the fact that Apple products are on the same shelf with other brands.

He wanted his products to be sold in a special way. So that sellers do not put it on a par with other goods.

And this is another highlight that makes Apple products above their competitors. When you believe that your product is special and try to make it so, then it will be so. Jobs didn't like mediocrity. And he always tried to combine elegant design and the latest technology in his products.

2000 - the collapse of the dot-coms. Dotcom literally translates to “.com”. Dotcoms are companies related to the Internet. Apple has never been a company that can be called dot-com. But it was very dependent on this market, because Apple products are focused on PC users, and with the advent of the Internet in our lives, “computer and Internet” have become practically inseparable words.

So, in 2000 in the United States there was a collapse of companies related to the Internet. The value of shares of such companies began to fall, including the value of Apple shares.

This crisis has spilled over to other sectors of the economy. In general, there is an opinion that it was the collapse of dot-coms that provoked the subsequent collapse of the global economy in 2007-2008, the consequences of which we still feel.

I wrote more about the collapse of dot-coms and the crisis here:

Why am I even now writing about the crisis? What does the crisis, dot-coms and Apple have to do with it, you might ask?

In fact, this is very important, because it was the crisis that served to change the direction of Apple's development. It was the collapse of the dot-coms that forced Steve Jobs to look for new markets, thanks to which his company could not only survive, but also prosper.

As a result of the search for new technological solutions, such devices as the iPod, iPhone, iPad appeared, as well as various software that users of apple products love so much.

According to Jobs, the computer in the future should become a multifunctional complex, consisting not only of a monitor, system unit and keyboard, but also of various peripheral devices such as a player, telephone, etc.

Jobs began to embody his idea with the creation of high-quality software. among which I would especially like to note the emergence of a universal media player iTunes.

It was with the advent of this software that Apple became one of the key players in the music market. The fact is that the music market then also experienced not the best of times.

With the development of the Internet and the advent of the mp-3 format, pirates have bitten the music market. And the appearance of iTunes, or rather the iTunes Store. which will be discussed below, allowed to increase sales of legal content.

With the advent of iTunes, there was an urgent need for a music device that would work with this software. And so the iPod was born.

2001 - presentation of the iPod audio player.

Parallel to the launch of the iPod, Apple opens the first two Apple Stores. Experts predicted the failure of this idea, but as of September 2013, 413 stores are open and successfully operating in 14 countries around the world.

The Apple Store isn't just a hardware store - it's a geek's paradise!

2003 - presentation of the iTunes Store online music store.

The key feature of this store was that it was possible to buy songs by the piece, and not the whole album, as was customary before, and also that the main buyers were the owners of apple products.

The iTunes Store predicted a million sales in its first 6 months of operation. As a result, a million songs were sold out in 6 days of work.

2007 - the release of the iPhone smartphone, which was announced by Steve Jobs himself.

It was under his leadership that Apple was able to open up new market segments. In the same year, the company changes its official name from Apple Computer to simply Apple, in connection with entering the consumer electronics market.

The appearance of the iPhone is due to the fact that with the development of mobile technology, the demand for cameras and digital cameras has fallen. The developers of mobile devices began to combine the phone, camera and audio players.

Jobs understood that the market for audio players was doomed and would soon be swallowed up by phones that combined all these devices. And then he set the task for his subordinates to develop a new phone that would combine all these functions and, according to the Apple tradition, be elegant and convenient.

Time Magazine will subsequently recognize the iPhone as Invention of the Year!

2008 - The iPhone is ranked #2 in the ranking of the most useful modern technologies, according to PCWorld.

2008 - Apple releases the world's thinnest laptop called the MacBook Air

The 2000s were a real triumph for Jobs and his team. Almost every year Apple surprises the world with something and makes the army of its fans more and more.

2010 - Apple releases the iPad tablet computer.

The most interesting thing is that the idea of ​​tablet computers with a touch screen was proposed back in 1988 by students at the University of Illinois. They then worked on the theme "What will be the personal computer of the year 2000" as part of a competition held by Apple.

By the way, it looked like this:

In the same 2010, the iPhone 4 takes 1st place in the list of the best phones in the Bestseller and Image categories according to Mobile-Review.com.

2011 - Steve Jobs leaves in August for health reasons, and in November he died.

Love for their work in many ways ensured the company's success. The “parent” inherited some of his individual character traits to his “apple” - this is a love of innovation, creativity, courage and style.

From September 2012 year, the iPhone 5 goes on official sale.

They joke that the iPhone is the smartest phone, and it has the highest percentage of owners who are much dumber than their phone)

I don’t know about the IQ of smartphone owners, but the fact that there are a lot of them is a fact. The number of pre-orders for the fifth iPhone reached 2 million per day!

Evgeny Chichvarkin, the former founder of Euroset, who now lives in London, is probably among the happy owners of the smartphone. According to him, he intended to change the iPhone 4S to the iPhone 5 as soon as its sales begin in Foggy Albion.

As for Russia, Apple's smartphones have won a wide audience here too. Although some argue that the iPhone would have sold better if the Russian market went under the translated name "yaMobilco"

However, Apple is already widely known in our territory. It positions itself as a manufacturer of simple devices designed for the convenience, communication and entertainment of people. Although all this technology of the future, sold already in the present, is very, very expensive.

If you look at the official Russian site www.apple.com/ru, you can see that the keywords in the description of the company's products are not dry technical specifications, but enthusiastic glossy epithets.

Apple doesn't just have "12 megapixels, 17 inches, 3GB", it has limitless possibilities, amazing quality, a great display and the world's most advanced operating system!

Everything from Apple works automatically, easily and discreetly - laptops are "faster than you can imagine", iPhones "do everything for you" and iPods that "sword fights become sharper and zombie hunting more effective!"

Apple protects its technical developments very jealously. The company monitors the quality of its brand, opens brand stores and creates an entire ecosystem of software and numerous applications.

Regarding Apple, they say that the company has "patented a patent for patenting a patent." Quite a truthful remark, because as of October 2012, the company received 5440 patents for its inventions and design projects!

Protecting intellectual property rights, Apple sues one firm, then another, while winning and losing litigation. So, Nokia accused Apple of violating 10 patents, and Apple filed a lawsuit against Samsung. She, however, was found not guilty by a British court, but patent battles continue.

Apple now has the highest margin, both in terms of sales and prestige and design. The company is not going to stop there. In fact, Apple "fruits" with real "golden apples", and I will wait with interest what other "i-gadget" the company's developers will surprise us with. So, Apple, step behind you.

P.S. By the way, do you know what the “i” prefix means in the name of Apple devices (iPhone, iPad, iPod, iMac)? The answer is simple - internet

The future computer genius was born in 1955. His childhood can hardly be called the childhood of a prosperous child. The birth mother of little Steve left the child as soon as he was born, and he was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs. Interesting fact: decades later, a wealthy Jobs specifically hired a private detective to find his real mother. But not only the mother was found. Unexpectedly, Jobs found out that he also has a sister, Mona Simpson. Moreover, she turned out to be not just anyone, but a well-known American writer. Subsequently, Mona wrote, among other things, the short story "The Ordinary Guy" - a story about Steve Jobs, who had become widely known by that time. But the very fact that the matured Jobs found his mother and sister and established family relations with them says a lot about him as a person.

But then, as a child, Jobs was a big bully who had every chance of becoming a juvenile delinquent. However, the school and the wonderful teachers in it changed everything. They showed the kid that mastering knowledge and creating something new is much more interesting than just breaking the law. And soon there was a story that was repeatedly described in special literature and has already become a classic.

When Steven Jobs was twelve years old, he wanted to build an electric current frequency indicator for his school physics classroom. But the necessary details, as it turned out, were not available. Then young Jobs took and called directly William Hewlett himself - a legendary personality in the United States, the leader of American business, one of the founders and president of the famous corporation Hewlett-Packard. The conversation began (according to Steve's recollection) something like this: Hello, you know, uh, I'm twelve years old and I'm trying to solder a frequency sensor here...". The unusual conversation lasted about twenty minutes, and as a result, Jobs received not only all the details he needed, but also a summer job at Hewlett-Packard. Jobs now receives occasional phone calls from teenagers who share their ideas about computers and mobile devices with him. Steve Jobs comments on this: Of course I talk to them. It's the only way I can repay my debt to Bill Hewlett.».

Well, a few years later, a truly historic event happened: Jobs met his now no less famous namesake. The namesake's last name was Wozniak and he attended the same Homestead High School in Cupertino. Despite the difference in characters, the boys quickly became friends, as they had common interests - science fiction, radio electronics and video games. But first of all - computers. As it turned out, at the age of 13, Stephen Wozniak independently assembled not the easiest calculator. And at the time of meeting Jobs, Wozniak was already thinking about the concept of a personal computer, which did not yet exist in principle. Not surprisingly, both Steves soon began attending lectures held in Palo Alto by Hewlett-Packard employees, and in the summer they worked in the same corporation - they gained experience.

The youth of the cyber-prophet.

The youth of Steve Jobs fell just at the heyday of the hippie movement - with all the ensuing consequences. In 1972, Steve Jobs graduated from high school and entered Reed College, and Steve Wozniak went to work as an engineer at Hewlett-Packard. But just a semester later, Jobs dropped out of college and in 1974 joined Atari as a video game designer. However, a few months later he quit his job, and with his hippie friends left to "expand consciousness" in India - then it was a very fashionable occupation.

What Jobs saw and learned in India still remains unknown, but the fact that he returned from there a completely different person is a fact. Returning from India, Jobs became a regular visitor to the Homebrew Computer Club, a well-known community of electronics enthusiasts at that time. Even then, the idea of ​​making a personal computer completely captured him. Moreover, one of the founders of the mentioned club was Steve Wozniak, who also thought about the concept of the future PC, which did not yet exist in nature. Together, friends and embodied their idea "in iron". But commercial success proved more difficult to achieve.

First, in 1975, Wozniak demonstrated the finished personal computer model to the management of Hewlett-Packard. However, the authorities did not show the slightest interest in the initiative of one of their engineers - everyone then imagined computers solely as iron cabinets stuffed with electronic components and used in big business or the military. No one thought about home PCs. In Atari, Wozniak was also given a turn from the gate - they did not see commercial prospects for the novelty.

And then Steve Jobs made the most important decision in his life - he persuaded Steve Wozniak and his colleague from Atari Ron Wayne to create their own company and engage in the development and production of personal computers.

Apple: early years and early successes.

A company with a frivolous name Apple Computer was established on April 1, 1976. The first logo designed by Ron Wayne himself was the image of Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. Like Hewlett-Packard once upon a time, Apple started in a garage that Paul Jobs gave to his adopted son and his associates; he even brought along a huge wooden workbench, which became the first "assembly line" in corporate history. To work on Apple I young people had at night. " There were only two of us - Wozniak and me. We were both the production department and the delivery service, literally everyone at once“, Jobs now recalls. After some time, Jobs managed to attach a batch of Apple I computers to the owner of the first ever computer store called Byte Shop - Paul Terrell. Then these computers were simply boards to which the user / buyer had to independently connect the power, keyboard and monitor.

But Paul Terrell was extremely interested in the concept of a personal computer. He stated that he was ready to purchase 50 Apple I computers from the new company at once for $500 each, and then sell them for $666.66 - such an unusual price was approved by Steve Jobs himself. In order to buy the radio components needed for assembly, the founding friends sold all the most valuable things and borrowed money. I had to work at night, but in a month all fifty sets were assembled. True, on the twelfth day of existence Apple, Ron Wayne left the Steves, selling them his ten percent stake in the seed for $800. Here is how Wayne himself later commented on his act: “ Jobs is a hurricane of energy and determination. I was already too disappointed in life to ride through it in this hurricane.».

Despite all the difficulties, because no one produced computer components then, and for night work, Jobs and Wozniak saw the prospects for the PC as a market product. Especially since Apple I was a huge success with buyers. In total, friends produced about six hundred computers of this brand, which allowed not only to distribute debts, but also to raise a new company to its feet. However, first things first...

Becoming.

One way or another, the company had to develop. Both Steves decided what to do next. As a result, the personal computer appeared in the form in which we know it - with a color graphic monitor, a mouse and a plastic keyboard. But then no one released anything like this, although the need was clearly ripe. The very idea of ​​such a computer was perceived by large businessmen with open skepticism. As a result, it turned out to be very difficult to find funding for a release created by friends. Apple II. Both Hewlett-Packard and Atari again refused to fund the unusual project, although they considered it "fun". Apparently, they are still biting their elbows ...

Indeed, the young Steves did not then have the slightest experience in doing business, and often acted at random. But always good. As Jobs himself said, Apple's roots were in making computers for people, not corporations". But there were also those who picked up the idea of ​​a computer that would be accessible to the general population. So, the famous financier Don Valentine brought Steve Jobs to the equally famous venture capitalist Armas Cliff "Mike" Markkula. The latter helped young computer entrepreneurs write a business plan, invested $92,000 of his personal savings in the company, and secured a $250,000 line of credit with Bank of America. All this allowed the two Steves to “get out of the garage”, significantly increase production volumes and expand the staff, as well as launch the fundamentally new Apple II into mass production.

Then, in the late 70s, few people even imagined what a personal computer should be like. All this is reflected in the Apple advertising campaign - on twenty-year-old yellowed posters depicting the Apple II, one can read the question: “ What is a Personal Computer?". At the same time, the Apple logo, now known to the whole world, appeared - a bitten apple, painted in all the colors of the rainbow. This logo was created by Regis McKenna's advertising agency and personally edited by Steven Jobs. The new logo was supposed to indicate that the Apple II worked with color graphics. Subsequently, Jean-Louis Gasse, ex-president of several Apple divisions and founder of Be Inc., said: “ It was impossible to dream of a more suitable logo: it embodied lust, hope, knowledge and anarchy...».

The success of the Apple II was truly grandiose - the novelty was sold out in hundreds and thousands of copies. Recall that this happened at a time when the entire world market for personal computers did not exceed ten thousand units. Over the 18 years since their production began, several million of these models have been sold, and the share of Apple II in American schools in 1997 was about 20% of the entire computer fleet.

By 1980, Apple Computer was already an established and established computer manufacturer. Its staff consisted of several hundred people, its products were exported outside the United States, and its shares were highly quoted by stockbrokers, receiving the AAPL index. However, financiers could not understand then the reasons for Apple's success. Too unusual was the company created by the two Steves. Unusual but successful. Personal computers quickly broke into the daily life of people in developed countries. For two decades, they have firmly taken their place among people, becoming indispensable assistants in production, organizational, educational, communication and other technological and social affairs. The words spoken by Steve Jobs in the early 80s became prophetic: “ This decade saw the first meeting between the Society and the Computer. And for some crazy reason, we were in the right place at the right time to do everything for this romance to flourish.».

Apple is one of the largest and most commercially successful corporations in existence today. There are legends about the innovative aspirations and priorities of the company, and any person dreams of buying or receiving Apple-made gadgets. This is a brand that in our era dictates fashion not only in the field of electronics, but also in the field of accessories. And you just need to come to terms with this, because you cannot dispute this fact.

But where did it all begin? when the company was foundedApple? We will talk about this below.

Base

Apple Computer was officially registered in 1976, although its founders, namesakes Steve Wozniak and Jobs, were working on the creation of the first Apple personal computers as early as 1970.

If we talk about the version of their PC Apple II, then it is considered the first computer in history, which became the production of millions of copies. This led to the fact that during the 70-80s, Apple-made computers became the most popular and used in the PC world. The number of copies sold totaled 5 million.

In the 80s, the corporation failed the Apple III project, which eventually led to a deterioration in the economic and financial condition of the company, as well as to the dismissal of 40 employees of the company. Despite the fact that many experts began to announce unfavorable forecasts about the corporation, it continued to exist and developed steadily. And in 1985, Jobs and Wozniak were even awarded medals for the development of technological progress from the hands of President Reagan.

90s and `00s

Apple's activities throughout the nineties cannot be called unambiguously successful, because by the end of the century the corporation suffered losses reaching almost $ 2 billion. But in 1997, Steve Jobs returned to the company, becoming a "breath of fresh air," if you will. After all, it was then that he began to discover for himself and the whole world the latest technologies that could be promoted to modern markets. These technologies did not directly relate to computer technology, but became very popular.

Already in the first year of the new millennium, the corporation released the already legendary iPod player, which did not require the use of CDs or cassettes to listen to audio compositions. The device contained revolutionary for those times 5 and 10 gigabytes of memory.

Apple's iOS is

Cool!sucks

After another 2 years, in 2003, the corporation created its own iTunes digital file store. There, Internet users had the opportunity to purchase:

Finally, in 2007 there was a revolutionary presentation, which can be boldly and eloquently said that it changed the entire view of the modern smartphone - the company released the iPhone.

Modern history

By 2010, Apple expanded its line of devices with the iPad tablet computer, which arrived in time for the trend of such gadgets.

The huge demand for players, tablets and smartphones from Apple led to an incredible improvement in the financial condition of Apple, making the company one of the most valuable corporations in the world. The devices themselves have become a desirable, tasty gadget for any modern person. That is why, from year to year, the corporation produces such gadgets of a new generation.

Starting from the 14th year, smart watches Apple Watch began to leave the "apple" conveyor, which became not just another high-tech novelty, but also a desirable, exclusive and elegant accessory.

In general, the history of the corporation with a recognizable name and symbol, which began its existence in the Jobs family garage, continues. And the best part is that we are watching it and have the opportunity to use all the products that Apple creates for people.

Section 1. History of the organizationApple.

Section 2. Owners and ManagementApple.

Section 3. Products firms Apple.

Apple- this is American, manufacturer of personal and tablet computers, audio players, phones, software. One of the pioneers in the field of personal computers and modern multitasking operating systems with a graphical interface. The headquarters is in Cupertino, California.

Story organizations Apple

Thanks to innovative technology and aesthetic design, corporation Apple has built a unique, cult-like reputation in the consumer electronics industry. In May 2011, the Apple trademark was recognized as the most valuable brand in the world (with an estimate of $153.3 billion) in the ranking of the international research agency Millward Brown.

The name of the company comes from the English Apple (apple), the image of an apple is used in the logo.

Until January 9, 2007, the official name corporations for over 30 years it has been Apple Computer. Rejection of the word "Computer" in the title demonstrates the change in the main focus of the corporation from its traditional computer technology market to market consumer electronics.

The name Apple Jobs suggested was due to the fact that in this case the company's phone number was in the phone book right before "Atari".

"Macintosh", an apple cultivar sold in the US, is the favorite apple cultivar of Jeff Ruskin, who was the leader and developer of the Macintosh project before Steve Jobs took over.

The 20th century is commonly called the century of aviation and astronautics. But the 70s of the last century can also be called the era of the formation of the modern IT industry. And not the last role here was played by the Apple organization.

The history of the Apple organization began thirty years ago, when two friends Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak decided to found their own organization for the production and release of computers. Apple was officially founded on April 1, 1976, and it was then that market the hand-assembled Apple Computer I appeared - in ten months 175 pieces were assembled and sold at a price of $ 666.66. In essence, the Apple I was a motherboard without a case, keyboard, sound, or graphics.

In February 1977, Michael Scott becomes president of Apple. A significant step forward has been release in April of the same year, Apple Computer II - the first personal computer with color graphics. There was support for displaying different colors on the screen, commands were developed for working with sound and, therefore, there was a built-in speaker and keyboard, it became possible to quickly change the image on the display, there was a power supply, etc. All this "stuffing" was packaged in a specially designed molded plastic case, which very favorably distinguished the new Apple from other computers that looked like clumsy sheet metal boxes. At the same time, the now world-famous logo appeared - a bitten multi-colored apple - created by the advertising agency Regis McKenna.

In May 1979, Apple employee Jeff Raskin began working on a new all-in-one computer that was aimed at the average user. It is this one that can be called the beginning of the birth of the first Macintosh.

In 1983, Apple released the Lisa, the first personal computer with a graphical user interface, named after Jobs' daughter. But due to the rather high prices and a limited set of applications, this model is not widely used. Although Lisa was a complete failure from a commercial point of view, nevertheless, her release was not in vain - the Lisa 7/7 operating system used here had a window interface, a buffer that allowed data to be transferred between applications, and much more.

Tim Cook has been CEO since August 2011. Former COO (1998-2011).

Jonathan Ive is Senior Vice President of Industrial Design and User Interfaces.

Bob Mansfield is Senior Vice President and Head of the Technologies Division.

Philip Schiller is Senior Vice President of Global Marketing.

Craig Federighi - Senior Vice the president software (OS X and iOS).

Eddy Cue is Senior Vice President of Online Services (iTunes Store, App Store, iCloud, Apple Maps and Siri).

Jeff Williams is Senior Vice President and Operations Officer.

Peter Oppenheimer is Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.

Bruce Sewell is Senior Vice President and General Counsel.

Board of Directors

Senior staff:

Arthur D. Levinson - Chairman of the Board of Directors since November 15, 2011, formerly CEO of Genentech

Robert Iger (Eng. Bob Iger) - Director of the Board of Directors since November 15, 2011, the president and CEO of The Walt Disney Company

Members of the Board of Directors:

Tim Cook- CEO of Apple since August 2011

Andrea Jung is Chairman and CEO of Avon Products

Bill Campbell is Chairman and former CEO of Intuit Inc. (English)

Al Gore - Former Vice President USA

Millard Drexler is Chairman and CEO of J. Crew.

Ronald D. Sugar is the former Chairman and CEO of the Northrop Grumman Corporation.

Key figures in the company's history

Mike Markkula: 1981-1983

John Scully: 1983-1993

Michael Spindler: 1993-1996

Gil Amelio: 1996-1997

Steve Jobs: 1997-2011

Tim Cook: since 2011.

Other persons:

Bill Atkinson

Bob Mansfield is Senior Vice President of Computer Hardware Engineering.

Guy Kawasaki is one of the original employees of the Apple Computer organization, responsible for analyzing the Macintosh computer market in 1984.

Del Yocam

Jeff Raskin is the designer of the Macintosh computer.

Jonathan Ive is a designer who gave the world the iPod, iMac, iPhone. (1992 - present)

Jonathan Paul is Apple's vice president of industrial design.

Jean-Louis Gasse (fr. Jean-Louis Gassée) is the chief executive of the firm (1981-1990).

Steve Wozniak (Polish: Stephen Gary Woźniak) is a co-founder of the Apple organization. Developer of the Apple I and Apple II computers.

Scott Forstall is Senior Vice President of iPhone Software through October 29, 2012.

Susan Kare is an artist and graphic designer who created many of the Apple Macintosh interface elements in the 1980s.

Tony Fadell is the main designer of the iPod.

Evie Tevanian was Apple's senior vice president of software engineering from 2003 to 2006.

Andy Hertzfeld - Senior OS Software Architect for Macintosh in 1981.

Jerome York was a member of the Board of Directors from 1997 to 2010.

Ron Johnson (businessman) - Senior Vice President of Retail Business from 2000 to 2011.

Company productsApple

The company sells part of its products in retail trade through a network of stores owned by it (a total of 361 in the United States, Canada, Japan, England and others). countries.

The total number of personnel (as of 2010): 46.6 thousand people. for the 2010 tax year amounted to 65.23 billion dollars - 14.01 billion dollars.

In fiscal year 2006, which ended September 30, Apple's sales in the Russian Federation totaled $69 million. According to managers Apple IMC Russian Federation", for this period in Russian Federation 240,000 iPod audio players were sold (an increase of 6 times in a year).

In 2007, the Russian representative office of the organization was created, since September 6, 2010, headed by Alexei Badaev. As of 2008, there are about a dozen authorized business partners of the firm in the Russian Federation. Di House was chosen as the official importer of Apple equipment to the Russian Federation, and in 2010 the Marvel organization became the second importer.

For 2012, there is not a single Apple store in the Russian Federation: all the organization's products are sold through an extensive network of partner stores at various levels. Premium class sellers are required to sell the company's products at least the recommended prices (in practice, popular products are sold at 5% above the recommended price).

Apple Corporation registered Apple Rus in 2012. The main activity is wholesale and retail technical devices.

Apple's marketing policy is quite aggressive. For example, users of Apple products on the Microsoft Windows platform receive messages about product updates that they do not have installed; the installation options for these products are enabled by default. Specifically, Safari users are encouraged to install iTunes and QuickTime; to opt out of this, they themselves must uncheck the corresponding checkboxes in the update dialog.

So, in March 2008, Apple began offering iTunes for Windows users to install their Safari web browser. At the same time, the browser installation option is enabled by default, and its description consists exclusively of advertising and a link to the site.

Apple annually until 2009, inclusive, organized the MacWorld exhibition, at which it presented its new products and updates.

As of October 16, 2012, the company received 5440 patents, including inventions (seven-digit number) - 4480 pieces, design projects (the letter D and six numbers in the number) - 914 pieces.

In 2009, the Nokia organization accused Apple of violating 10 patents that affect voice coding, secure transmission protocols data and a number of other inventions used in the iPhone since the appearance of the first version of the device. As a result, Apple was found guilty of infringing these patents, having received an order to pay compensation to Nokia, as well as to pay royalties in the future. Details of the agreement are not disclosed in detail.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

At the end of 2011, a German court found patent infringements in the field of wireless transmission data Motorola Mobility, obliging the Apple organization to pay compensation for 4 years, as well as securing the right of Motorola to require the removal of patented technologies from Apple devices.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

At the moment, among the main products manufactured by Apple:

iPhone - mobile telephones;

This article lists both obsolete (discontinued) and currently produced trade item and products (hardware and software) of the Apple organization.

Third party software for the Mac OS X platform is listed under the Mac OS X Software category.

Hardware

Workgroup Server (English) - withdrawn from the issue of money in 1998

Macintosh Server (English) - decommissioned in 2003

Xserve (English) - decommissioned in 2011

Mac Pro Server (Mac Pro configuration with Mac OS X Server) - currently available

Mac mini Server (Mac mini configuration with Mac OS X Server) - Currently in production.

Desktop computers

Macintosh TV(English) - computer-TV

Macintosh Classic

power Macintosh

Mac mini - currently in production

iMac - currently in production

Mac Pro - Currently in production.

laptops

iBook G3 Clamshell

iBook G3 Dual USB

MacBook - decommissioned in 2012

MacBook Pro - currently in production

MacBook Pro with Retina Display - currently in production

MacBook Air - currently in production.

tablet computers

handheld computers

Apple Newton MessagePad

Telephone sets(smartphones)

iPod (players)

TV boxes

Apple Bandai Pippin

Apple Interactive television Box (English) - Set-Top Box

Apple TV is currently in production.

webcams

Apple QuickTake

QuickTime Video Conferencing Camera

Apple Studio Display

Apple Cinema Display

Apple Cinema HD Display

Apple LED Cinema Display - currently in production

Retina Display - Currently in production.

computer mice

Apple Desktop Bus Mouse

Apple USB Mouse

Apple Pro Mouse

Apple Wireless Mouse

Apple Mighty Mouse

Apple Magic Mouse

Keyboards

Macintosh Keyboard

Macintosh Plus Keyboard

Apple Desktop Bus Keyboard

Apple Extended Keyboard

Apple Adjustable Keyboard

Apple Design Keyboard

Apple USB Keyboard

Apple Pro Keyboard

Apple Wireless Keyboard

Apple Keyboard aluminum

Apple Wireless Keyboard aluminum

Printers

Apple Color Printer

Color StyleWriter Pro

Color StyleWriter

StyleWriter Select

Personel LaserWriter

Color Laser Writer

Apple OneScanner

Apple Color OneScanner

network hardware

AirPort Base Station

AirPort Extreme Base Station

AirPort Extreme Card

Apple USB modem

Microprocessors

Software

Operating Systems

A/ROSE

Apple Copland (English)

Apple MkLinux

Apple Newton OS

Apple Rhapsody (English)

Apple Taligent (English)

Apple TV OS - based on Front Row, for Apple TV

Mac OS X 10.0

Mac OS X 10.1 Puma

Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar

Mac OS X 10.3 Panther

Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger

Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard

Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard

Mac OS X 10.7 Lion

OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion

Apple iOS (formerly iPhone OS)

Technology (features)

Apple Advanced Typography

Apple Desktop Bus

Apple Filing Protocol

Apple Public Source License

Apple Software Update

Apple menu

Cocoa Touch

Common UNIX Printing System

core data

Exchange Support

Filesystem in Userspace

Grand Central Dispatch

iTunes Home Sharing

Uniform Type Identifier

universal binary

Command key

Option key.

Application packages

Apple Remote Desktop

AppleWorks/ClarisWorks

Final Cut Express

Final Cut Server

final cut studio

Garage Band Jam Pack

iPhoto - photo manipulation, storage and editing

iMovie - work with video content, editing and

iWeb - create websites in WYSIWYG mode

iDVD - create DVD with beautiful, spectacular menus

GarageBand - virtual music studio

Pages - text editor

Numbers - spreadsheet editor

Keynote - presentation software

WebObjects

Applications

Dashcode

iCal Server

Lion Recovery Disk Assistant

Quick Time speculator

Activity Monitor

AirPort Admin Utility

AirPort Utility

Audio MIDI Setup

Bluetooth File Exchange

BOMArchiveHelper

ColorSync Utility

Digital Color Meter

Directory Access

DiskImageMounter

Internet Connect

Migration Assistant

Netinfo manager

ODBC Administrator

Password Assistant

Printer Setup Utility

System Preferences

Universal Access

VoiceOver Utility

Services

Apple sells digital audio and video through the iTunes Store. Since January 2008, Apple has launched an online video rental service over the Internet and many other online services.

Apple Care

App Store - Apple's online store selling apps for iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad

Apple Specialist

Apple Maps (English)

Apple Store (online) (English)

Apple Certification Programs

Apple Design Awards

Apple Worldwide Developers Conference - WWDC

eWorld (English)

Macworld Conference & Expo

One to One

ProCare

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

iPad & iPhone

iPad- An Internet tablet manufactured by the Apple organization. The first version of the tablet was presented on presentations by Steve Jobs on January 27, 2010. The start of sales took place in New York on Fifth Avenue on April 3, 2010. In the Russian Federation, official sales of the device began on November 9, 2010. On March 2, 2011, the public was introduced to the second generation model - iPad 2, with improved performance. On March 7, 2012, the third generation model called "The New iPad" was presented to the public. The new model went on sale in the United States on March 16, 2012, and on March 23 it was released in ten more countries. On the night of May 24-25, 2012, official sales of the new iPad 3 began in the Russian Federation. On October 23, 2012, Apple introduced the Apple iPad 4 (with Retina display), and the Apple iPad mini. The iPad 4 has Apple's fastest processor to date, the Apple A6X (1.4 GHz dual core).

Apple iPad is a classic example of Internet tablets and is fundamentally different from personal computers. Many analysts classify Internet tablets as devices of the post-computer era, which are simpler and more understandable than the usual personal computers and may eventually force PCs out of the IT market.

On the presentations Internet tablet Apple iPad 2 Steve Jobs said: “... Technology is inseparable from the humanities - and this statement is more true than ever for devices of the post-computer age. Competitors are trying to find the optimal balance in new models of personal computers. This is not the path that Apple chooses - in fact, the future belongs to post-computer devices that are simpler and more understandable than familiar PCs.

Among the suppliers of components for the new device were LG Display and Chimei Innolux Corp., which are the main manufacturers of displays (10 million units), as well as with which Contract on the supply additional 3 million screens. The latter is also possibly the manufacturer of the processor. The device is assembled by the Taiwanese Hon Hai Precision industry Co. (Foxconn).

In the United States, the iPad with Wi-Fi began shipping on April 3, 2010. Sales of the iPad with Wi-Fi and 3G started later - the models appeared on the shelves on April 30, 2010 (in the USA).

Launch of iPad international sales (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, Switzerland and Britain) took place on May 28, 2010. The organization also said it plans to start selling the tablet in Austria, Belgium, Hong Kong, Ireland, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Singapore in July.

iPad Wi-Fi+3G models have a GPS receiver module that can work both in standalone mode and in A-GPS mode. In addition, instead of a regular SIM card, a Micro-SIM card is used.

An adapted iWork office suite has been released especially for the iPad and a new department has been opened in the iTunes Store, accessible through the App Store system application.

The iPad Keyboard Dock is an iPad charging dock integrated with a full-sized keyboard. It has a 3.5mm audio jack output.

iPad Camera connection Kit - A camera connection kit allows you to import photos and videos from your digital camera (including all iPhone and iPod Touch models). Consists of two adapters: 30 pin > USB and 30 pin > SD slot.

iPad Dock Connector to VGA Adapter - an adapter for connecting an external display. Only works with some iPad apps.

iPad USB Power Adapter - 10W USB power lets you charge your iPad (as well as your iPhone and iPod) from an electrical outlet.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

iPad Case - the case will not only protect the device, but also help to conveniently place it - the design of the case with a folding and folding cover allows you to put the iPad vertically (like a photo frame), or place it on your knees / on the table not flat, but at a more ergonomic angle.

The iPad Dock is a simplified dock compared to the iPad Keyboard Dock. Used to connect and charge iPad. It also has a 3.5mm audio jack output.

Apple Wireless Keyboard is a wireless keyboard. Suitable not only for the iPad, but also for any Mac computer (or PC - when installing the appropriate drivers), as well as the iPhone.

Headphones from Apple are of two types - “droplets” and in-ear, reinforcing type. Versions of headphones with a built-in remote control allow you to quite fully control the iPad player, as well as record voice notes.

Audio/video cables (combined and component).

iPad Pen - for taking notes in applications that use handwriting.

iPad Smart Cover - covers the screen, attached to the iPad 2 using magnets. When the lid covers the screen, iPad goes to sleep. There are ten different colors and two materials to choose from: leather and polyurethane.

Apple Digital AV Adapter is an adapter that allows you to connect your iPad to a TV using an HDMI interface. Everything that happens on the screen of the device is displayed on the monitor / TV screen (unlike a VGA adapter, which only displays YouTube videos, videos, photos, presentations in Keynote). The cable also has a 30-pin connector for recharging the iPad.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

I'll tell you a secret. Actually, I started with a tablet. I had an idea to get rid of the keyboard so I could type directly on the glass multi-touch display. And I asked our guys if we could offer such a glass multi-touch display. On which you could print, just put your hands on it and type. And six months later they invited me and showed me a prototype of such a screen. I took it to one of our great UI guys. A few weeks later he called me - he had inertial scrolling ready. Seeing the tape, inertial scrolling, and a couple of other things, I thought, “Oh my God, we can make a telephone out of this!” And put the tablet project on the shelf. Because the phone was more important. For the next few years we worked on the iPhone.

In the days following the iPad's release, some media and internet forums began to criticize the "iPad" name, pointing out its similarity to the word "Pad", the common name for sanitary pads. Wired News reported that some women would be less willing to buy because of this. product. Shortly after the announcement of the start of sales, the hashtag "iTampon" became the second most discussed topic on the social network Twitter. It is worth noting that the Lenovo ThinkPad / IdeaPad line of computers did not cause such a public outcry.

According to Steve Jobs, about 300,000 iPads were sold on the first day, 250,000 books were downloaded, and about 1 million applications were downloaded. A significant milestone of 1 million iPads sold was reached, according to the head of the company, in 28 days - period, more than twice as short as the iPhone equivalent (74 days).

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

Based on iSuppli's analysis, the net cost to manufacture WiFi iPad models of various configurations, including components and assembly, ranges from $259.60 to $348.10 (from the minimum to the maximum configuration, respectively). This is more than previously estimated. The most expensive device components are the display (25.9% net worth) and the touchscreen (12% net worth).

On April 14, 2010, a message was posted on the Apple website: “Faced with unexpectedly high demand in the US, we are forced to make a difficult decision: the start of iPad sales outside the US is postponed by a month to the end of May. We'll be announcing iPad pricing for various countries, as well as starting pre-orders outside of the US on May 10th. We recognize that our overseas customers who are waiting to purchase an iPad will be upset by this news, but we hope they will be somewhat relieved by the unprecedented success of the iPad in the US.”

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

It is interesting that Steve Jobs himself at the 2010 D: All Things Digital conference, held by Val Street Journal, announced the primacy of the idea of ​​a tablet over the idea of ​​a telephone set (iPhone) that emerged from it later.

I'll tell you a secret. Actually, I started with a tablet. I had an idea to get rid of the keyboard so I could type directly on the glass multi-touch display. And I asked our guys if we could offer such a glass multi-touch display. On which you could print, just put your hands on it and type. And six months later they invited me and showed me a prototype of such a screen. I took it to one of our great UI guys. A few weeks later he called me - he had the inertial scrolling ready. Seeing the tape, inertial scrolling and a couple of other things, I thought: “Oh my God, we can make a telephone out of this!” And put the tablet project on the shelf. Because the phone was more important. For the next few years we worked on the iPhone.

The first telephone project, codenamed "Purple 1", was not completed.

The next step for Apple was participation in the creation of the Motorola ROKR mobile telephone, which entered the market in September 2005. The device was positioned as a player tightly integrated with the iTunes player. The player interface in the phone was created by Apple and resembled the interface of the iPod. However, due to the poor design and poor functionality, the phone was not widely used and was even called the failure of the year.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

Despite the lack of success with the Motorola ROKR, already in February 2005, Steve Jobs began negotiations on a bilateral partnership with the mobile operator Cingular, saying that his company is able and intends to introduce its own device. The development of the iPhone took place in an atmosphere of strict secrecy. Engineers working on various parts (software and hardware) of the product were not able to communicate with each other. For negotiations with Cingular, Apple representatives registered under the guise of employees of the partner organization Infineon. The project had an internal name "Purple 2".

After the release of the eponymous VoIP phone from Cisco on December 18, 2006, many believed that Apple's mobile phone would never be created. At this time, Apple engineers continued to work, hoping to release a telephone, or at least a working prototype, by a given date.

The success of the iPod and other products with the "i" prefix prompted the marketing department and management of the organization to use it in the name of the telephone - "iPhone". However, this caused a number of difficulties.

trademark"iPhone" was registered on March 20, 1996 by Infogear, which was acquired by Cisco Systems on March 16, 2000, along with the trademark rights. On December 18, 2006, Cisco released the "Linksys iPhone WIP" line of VoIP phones.

Following Apple's January 9, 2007 announcement of a mobile phone called "iPhone", Cisco sued Apple for misuse trademark. On February 21, 2007, the firms reached agreements on the joint use of the trademark "iPhone", the details of which were not disclosed

The first-generation iPhone was introduced at MacWorld on January 9, 2007, and hit stores on June 29 of the same year. It had an aluminum back panel and a small plastic cover at the bottom of the device that covered the GSM receiver and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth antennas.

The new smartphone, as expected, combines all the features of a telephone, music player and pocket computer. However, he also had a number of shortcomings. One of the most significant of them, which caused the greatest criticism, was the lack of 3G support, which led to the need to use the significantly slower EDGE technology for Internet access. The importance of 3G support for a device positioned as an Internet tablet has led to the fact that this aspect has caused the most fantasies about the time the technology appeared in the iPhone. In terms of security, the iPhone was inferior to BlackBerry communicators and therefore was not widely used in the corporate segment. The first iPhone did not officially support the MMS short multimedia message service due to its low popularity, but the craftsmen learned and still made an MMS transfer application that could be unofficially installed on the iPhone. the cost of the iPhone at the time of the start of sales was 499 dollars for the 4GB model and $599 for the 8GB model. Also later came a model with 16 GB.

The second generation of Apple multimedia devices was announced at the WWDC 2008 Developers Conference, the new model was called "iPhone 3G".

In addition to supporting 3G networks, the iPhone 3G received GPS and A-GPS support when using Google Maps (that is, only via the Internet) and was equipped with a new version of the operating system - iPhone OS 2.0. The design of the device has been modified: the metal back cover has been replaced with a plastic panel (black or white) that is different from the previous shape. Was reduced with an operator contract to $199 for the 8 GB model and $299 for the 16 GB model. The iPhone's distribution expanded to 70 countries within a few months.

Minimum prices for iPhone 3G in the Russian Federation for October 2012 according to Yandex.Market:

iPhone 3G 8 GB — 7 450 rubles

iPhone 3G 16 GB - 8,050 rubles.

It is the third generation of Apple multimedia devices. It was presented on June 8, 2009 at the WWDC conference. According to Apple, the new product has about twice the speed of some applications (the letter S is an abbreviation for the English “Speed”, “speed”). the phone is equipped with a new battery and processor, a 3-megapixel camera with autofocus and support for VGA video recording at 30 frames per second, a digital compass, provides hardware data encryption to protect user data, has a voice control function and is also available in a configuration with 32 GB of built-in memory. With the release of the iPhone 4, the iPhone 3GS models with 16 and 32 GB of internal memory were discontinued and were replaced by a model with 8 GB of internal memory.

AT&T's two-year contract iPhone was listed for $199 for the 16GB model and $299 for the 32GB model at launch. Re:Store and Z-Store were the first to sell the iPhone 3GS in the Russian Federation. The exclusive start of sales in the stores of these chains took place on March 5, 2010 (exactly at 00:01 o'clock).

Minimum prices for iPhone 3GS in the Russian Federation for October 2012 according to Yandex.Market:

iPhone 3GS 8 GB — 8,300 rubles

iPhone 3GS 16 GB — 8 230 rubles

iPhone 3GS 32 GB — 10,200 rubles

Main innovation:

Retina IPS display with a resolution of 960 x 640 (326 ppi) while maintaining a diagonal (3.5 ″), which is 4 times larger than the iPhone of previous generations, a dynamic screen contrast of 800: 1, which also 4 times better than past generations.

5-megapixel back-lit camera. Equipped with autofocus, 5x digital zoom, LED flash, and HD video recording in 720p at 30 frames per second. Since iOS version 4.1, the smartphone has been able to take HDR photos.

The special steel edging is divided into 3 sections that act as antennas: one for Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and GPS, the other two (together) for the UMTS and GSM module;

The front and back panels are made of aluminosilicate glass with a grease-repellent coating;

Apple A4 is used as the central processor of the iPhone 4, that is, the same as on the iPad

Supports Wi-Fi 802.11n with data rates up to 300 Mbps (2.5 GHz only);

An additional spatial sensor appeared - a gyroscope;

The new operating system is iPhone OS 4.0, renamed Apple iOS 4 on the day the iPhone 4 was announced;

Apple also organized better support for corporate customers using the iPhone 4. According to Steve Jobs, this will provide more reliable data protection.

The telephone set has one loudspeaker, the grille of which is located on the lower end of the device. A grille symmetrical to it at the same end hides a microphone underneath. If you look at the front panel of the device, placing it vertically, then the speaker will be in the lower right part, and the microphone in the lower left. As a music player, a program is used that is visually similar to that used on iPods, but has wider functionality. It is possible to watch the video. The popular AVI format is not supported, so such a video must first be converted to MP4, in some cases a simple renaming works. The 3gp video format is also supported (in general, the device supports only the MP4 format, into which a file of any video format can be converted using many programs). To watch movies in other formats, users can install apps from the App Store (many of which are free).

The device is equipped with a photo and video camera on a CMOS matrix with a resolution of 2 megapixels (for iPhone 2G and 3G), 3 megapixels (for iPhone 3GS), 5 megapixels (for iPhone 4) and 8 megapixels (for iPhone 4S), located with back side of the telephone. Starting with the iPhone 4, there was a front-facing camera for videoconferencing. Autofocus and digital zoom have been supported since the iPhone 3GS (in Apple iOS 4.0). Video recording is supported starting with the iPhone 3GS, however older iPhones can record video using third-party software. It is possible to create multiple albums, view photos in slideshow mode, send one or more photos via email, MMS or iMessage, upload to iDisk, and, starting with iOS 5, the entire photo feed is automatically uploaded to iCloud (for backup purposes). copy and for instant access to photos and videos from other devices that support iCloud). The image can be deleted, set as wallpaper, matched with a contact. When setting a photo as wallpaper or for a contact, you can enlarge it and select the desired fragment. In Apple iOS 3.0, a photo editor appeared, it is possible to send photos or videos via MMS, it is possible to edit (crop the beginning and / or end). Apple iOS 4.1 introduced the ability to take HDR photos.

iPhone 3G (second generation) received support for GPS and A-GPS, in the absence of a signal from the provider, A-GPS functions as GPS. The iPhone GPS module uses the same 2 antennas as for other communication systems - 3G, Wi-Fi, therefore, in difficult conditions, the signal received from the satellite may be unstable. Prior to establishing a connection with satellites, A-GPS receives initial information about the global positioning of the telephone set from cellular networks. To use the phone as a GPS-navigator, there is a standard program "Maps". One of its main drawbacks is that it does not use its own cards, but works through Google Maps, as a result of which a large amount of Internet traffic and additional time are spent. With the release of SDK 3, developers are allowed to use their maps in programs, which makes it possible to implement a full-fledged program for navigation.

Augmented reality, that is, the expansion of the surrounding reality through this or that electronic information, has become a separate direction in using the navigation capabilities of the iPhone. In 2010, AlterGeo released the first augmented reality application for the iPhone in the history of the Russian Federation. Being a part of the geosocial service of the same name, it allowed to see through the smartphone camera in which direction and at what distance from the user the city sights and establishments are located, as well as where his friends are at that moment.

Several navigation applications are currently available:

Navitel - detailed maps of the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Finland and Eastern Europe.

Navigon - with maps of the Russian Federation, Europe and America

iGo My Way 2009 - with maps of the Russian Federation, Europe and America

TomTom - with maps of the Russian Federation, Europe and America

Sygic - with maps of the Russian Federation, Europe and America

CityGuide - with maps of the Russian Federation, Ukraine (TravelGps) and Kazakhstan

ProGorod - with maps of the Russian Federation, Europe

Yandex maps

AlterGeo - maps of places (especially establishments) for the cities of the Russian Federation and the CIS.

Initially, the following programs are installed on the iPhone, which are not directly related to the functions of the telephone:

Calculator is a calculator with support for 4 basic arithmetic operations and one memory cell. iPhone OS 2.0 (and later) added an engineering mode for the calculator in landscape orientation of the iPhone with support for more complex functions, as well as expanding the functionality of the basic mode of the program.

Calendar - calendar-daily. Can be synced with iCal, Microsoft Outlook, MobileMe, iCloud and Calendar.

Clock - a clock with support for time zones, an alarm clock (with the ability to independently configure multiple alarms), a stopwatch and a timer.

Maps is a version of the Google Maps project optimized for the iPhone. The ability to search on the map by address or phone number, laying the optimal route, taking into account traffic, satellite view and other functions of the Web-version of the project.

Mail is an email client. Support for Microsoft Exchange, Mobile me, Gmail, mail, AOL. There are options for deleting one or more letters, forwarding, sending a blind copy.

Notes - writing and storing notes. Low-functionality application: there is no possibility to move through the notes using the swipe gesture. Starting with iPhone OS 3.0, there is support for note synchronization and landscape mode of the application, and starting with Apple iOS 4.2, it became possible to choose a font from three pre-installed ones.

Dictaphone - Appeared in firmware version 3.0, allows you to make voice notes.

Spotlight - Appeared in firmware version 3.0, the menu screen (springboard) under the "zero" number. Allows you to search the entire iPhone, including third-party programs that support this technology. From firmware version 4.0, it will be possible to quickly search the main Internet search engines, as well as Wikipedia.

Weather - current weather in given cities and weather for 7 days. The design and functionality of the application almost completely coincides with the Mac OS X widget of the same name. Weather data is downloaded from the server Yahoo!.

Photos - photos, providing the ability to view photos in different sizes and in both screen orientations, rotate, enlarge and reduce them. The interaction interface makes extensive use of multitouch technology: to move to the next photo, you can use the swipe gesture, to reduce or enlarge the photo, you need to move or spread two fingers accordingly. Photos can be organized into albums and viewed as a slideshow. Photos syncs with iPhoto and Aperture on Mac OS X, you can also import photos from a folder on your computer, which is relevant for users of other operating systems and photo organizers.

Safari is a browser for the iPhone. The main feature of Safari is the ability to view Web pages in full size without adjusting to the width of the screen (instead, the scaling of the entire content of the page is applied). The user has the ability to zoom in on any part of the page using standard iPhone gestures. Safari also has support for tabs, so the user can download and view multiple pages at the same time. Because of these and other features, Safari was voted one of the best smartphone browsers for 2008 by two online publications. Safari is based on the WebKit engine, which is both a plus and a minus. The disadvantages of Safari include the lack of support for Java applets, the inability to download files, and the lack of Adobe Flash, but these shortcomings are easy to fix with third-party plugins.

Stocks is a widget for tracking stocks and currencies.

YouTube is an application for viewing videos from the YouTube server. Close integration with the iPhone made it possible to make convenient server navigation, search, support for the most popular and favorite lists. Of the shortcomings, the lack of support for the accelerometer should be highlighted: YouTube navigation is carried out only in portrait mode, while viewing a clip is only in landscape mode.

App Store - The Apple App Store online client that allows you to purchase programs in the App Store via the Internet, without using a computer. Added with the release of firmware 2.0.

Initially, prior to the release of the iPhone SDK, Apple advised users to use web applications instead of special programs created for the iPhone. A web application is a specially crafted web page designed to be viewed specifically on the iPhone. Often the interface of the web page was similar to the standard iPhone interface in order to appear more integrated into the system. Especially for the iPhone, pages could contain additional code that sets, for example, an icon when saving a shortcut to a web page in the menu.

Until now, there are many web applications available for use. Most of them are entertainment and games.

The Slovenian organization CalypsoCrystal, in collaboration with designer Lara Bonik, created a series of limited edition cases using silver, titanium and Italian leather. There are 3 design options for the back of the smartphone: Rainbow, Sunrise and Rainbow Dream. the cost of a voluminous cover with a stylish three-dimensional pattern will be 169 US dollars.

A few days after the sale of the original iPhone 5 firm gold & Company September 27, 2012 presented in the world's largest shopping center Dubai Mall (UAE) its most expensive version. The body of the smartphone is covered with several layers of yellow and rose gold. The effect of an all-metal case made of precious metal is created. It also has a mirror finish. the release is limited to a small number and is available for pre-order. the price will be from 4600 to 5000 United States dollars.

Apple MacBook Pro - Apple organization laptop. Apple is positioned as a laptop for professional activities - or instead of a desktop computer. It replaced the Apple Powerbook G4 computers in 2006. In June 2009, the latest version of the MacBook Pro was introduced, introducing a new line of these notebooks. At the moment, the line is represented by laptops with a screen diagonal of only 13 and 15 inches.

In 2012, the series was updated, the cases of which have remained virtually unchanged since 2007 - Sandy Bridge processors were replaced with more advanced Ivy Bridge, including support for USB 3.0 and HD Graphics 4000. In the 15-inch model, the video chip manufacturer again became nVidia and now the models are equipped with 650M graphics with 1GB GDDR5 memory. The 17-inch model was dropped from the line. Also added to the lineup is one 15-inch "next-gen MacBook Pro" model, featuring lighter weight, faster SSD storage and a higher-resolution display that's four times the resolution of previous-generation 15-inch MacBook Pro displays.

The model currently being produced is made according to Apple's patented design - Unibody-case, that is, the body is machined from a single piece of metal. All models of the line have a multitouch trackpad that recognizes four types of touch, a keyboard with a light sensor, thanks to which the keyboard is highlighted in low ambient light. There is a slot for SD-cards, a webcam, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules. The built-in battery of 13 and 15-inch models allows you to work on a laptop for 8-10 hours with Wi-Fi enabled. In addition to the standard configurations, you can choose other configurations that enhance the capabilities of the laptop.

Announced in June 2012, the model introduced the ultra-sharp Retina display that was previously featured in the New iPad, but Apple removed the built-in Ethernet port from the computer, leaving users with only Wi-Fi for Internet connection.

The MacBook Pro was named one of the Most Significant Inventions of 2009 by Popular Science magazine.

In October 2009, the $1,199 entry-level MacBook Pro was ranked the top-selling laptop in the US.

MacBook Pro features the latest dual-core and quad-core processors and faster graphics for the perfect combination of high performance and portability. 13" or 15" - whichever model you choose, any MacBook Pro battery will last as long as your typical work day (or longer).

Macbook Air Apple's ultra-thin MacBook series, available in 11.6-inch and 13.3-inch versions.

The latest model has a maximum thickness of 1.7 cm. The 11-inch MacBook Air weighs 1.08 kg. The release of the laptop was accompanied by Apple's announcement that it was the thinnest laptop in the world. However, this statement was disputed in the press.

January 15, 2008 - Steve Jobs's first MacBook Air San Francisco at Macworld Expo along with iOS 1.1.3 for iPhone and Time Capsule.

March 14, 2008 - Start of sales of MacBook Air in the Russian Federation. the cost of a computer that appeared on Russian shelves with a lag of one and a half months from retail outlets in the United States ranged from 68 to 117 thousand rubles.

July 20, 2011 - An updated version of the MacBook Air was introduced, the design of which remained similar to the previous version, with the OS X Lion operating system also released.

June 11, 2012 - at WWDC 2012 introduced an updated MacBook Air 2012, equipped with new processors Intel Ivy Bridge and new MagSafe 2 charging port. Based on OS X Lion and upgradeable to OS X Mountain Lion.

iMac- a series of monoblock personal computers created by Apple Inc. From the very beginning in 1998, this series has been popular and has been the mainstay of the home computing sector for Apple.

Their design is very original and original: a monitor and all system components are assembled in a compact case, including a slot-loading SuperDrive CD/DVD drive. It remains only to connect the keyboard and mouse (both included) - and the computer is ready to work. Speakers, photo/video camera, Bluetooth wireless connection and Wi-Fi are built into the case. A remote control was supplied with the computer, with which you can control the playback of music, video and photo collections.

This model in 1999 was the first in which Apple abandoned the ADB, GeoPort and SCSI sockets and replaced them with the universal and common USB today. In addition, Macs no longer included a floppy disk drive (it was available separately if required).

The first iMac models contained 15-inch CRT monitors and therefore were more voluminous. They used the PowerPC G3 processor, which was faster than the PowerPC 601 of previous models, but still lagged behind the competition. Intel Pentium. The cutting-edge design, a computer plus a monitor in one package, was a big draw for home users, and it also stood out aesthetically compared to the drab beige PC-compatible computers. The design was by Jonathan Ive, the firm's future vice president of design. The model came with a round two-color mouse, very unusual, but criticized by users.

Computers of the second generation outwardly resembled a large flower and was popularly nicknamed iLamp. The design of the monoblock consisted of a monitor ranging in size from 15 to 20 inches, mounted on a hemispherical stand-case.

The monitor was mounted on the arm using two hinges to change the position: the height above the table level by tilting the arm, the screen tilt angle relative to the vertical, the screen rotation angle relative to the vertical axis of the PC and the screen tilt angle in the plane of the screen itself.

The unique appearance of this model was remembered by users for a long time and was demonstrated in many films of that time. It is believed that it is no coincidence that it resembles a lamp from the movie "Luxo Jr." Pixar, also owned by Steve Jobs.

iPod & iTunes

The iPod Classic (marketed as "iPod classic", formerly known as the iPod) is a portable media player created by Apple, Inc. To date, six generations of the iPod Classic have appeared, as well as one spin-off (iPod Photo) that has gradually reunited with the Classic line. All generations use a 1.8" hard drive for storage. The current generation is by far the largest iPod ever, with 160 GB of storage space.

The retronym "Classic" appeared with the sixth generation iPod Classic on September 5th, 2007; before that, the iPod Classic was simply called the iPod. A recent study conducted by the Consumers Digest foundation in collaboration with Guinness World Records and Apple, Inc. sales department. noted that iPod users bought accessories and upgrades every 6.2 months, the highest figure being in the region where the Montmerle-Berenz family in Paris purchased them every 6.3 days from 2000 to 2007.

iPod models with color displays use anti-aliased graphics and text, with moving animations. All iPods have five buttons, and later generations (4th and beyond) have buttons built into the Click Wheel, a design that gives them a clean, minimalist interface. The buttons are named:

Menus: To return to previous menus, toggle the backlight on older iPods, and exit to the main menu on newer ones

Center button: to select a menu item

Play/Pause: Works the same as an On/Off switch when held down

Track. song / fast forward

Previous song (also to the beginning of the song) / Rewind

The iPod operating system resides in a designated area on the hard drive. An optional NOR flash ROM chip (1 Megabyte or 512 Kilobytes) contains a bootloader program that tells the device to load the OS from that location. Each iPod also has 32MB of RAM, despite the 60GB and 80GB fifth generation models and sixth generation models having 64MB. Some of the RAM is used to keep the iPod OS loaded from firmware, but most of the RAM is used to cache songs from the hard drive. For example, an iPod can spin its hard drive once and in that time copy 30 MB of the next songs to RAM, saving battery power by not making the hard drive spin during each song. Rockbox and iPodLinux offer open-source alternatives to the stock firmware and OS, respectively. At the moment, the only alpha version of the Rockbox firmware is available for the sixth generation iPod, which uses emBios and iLoader to bypass security and load an alternative OS.

In March 2002, Apple added limited functionality from the PDA: text files can be shown, while contacts and schedules can be viewed and synced to a computer. Several built-in iPod games are available, including Brick (Breakout clone), Parachute, Solitaire, and Music Quiz. A firmware update released in September 2006 added some additional features to the fifth generation iPod including adjustable screen brightness, continuous playback, and downloadable games (available from the iTunes Store).

Apple introduced the first generation iPod on October 23, 2001 with the slogan "1,000 songs in your pocket". The first iPod had a black and white LCD screen and a 5 GB hard drive with a capacity of 1,000 MP3 songs. Among innovations The iPod was its small size, achieved using a 1.8" hard drive, while its rivals used 2.5" hard drives, and its easy-to-use navigation, which was handled by a mechanical scroll wheel (unlike later iPods, which had a touch scroll wheel), a central "Select" button, and four playback control buttons around the wheel. Claimed battery life for iPod is 10 hours.

On March 20, 2002, Apple introduced the first generation 10 GB iPod. vCard compatibility was added and Mac users were able to sync and use their address book on the iPod.

The second generation iPod was introduced on July 17, 2002. Using the same form factor as the first generation, it received a redesigned Home mode switch, a cover for the FireWire port, and a touchscreen as opposed to a mechanical scroll wheel. The front panel has rounded edges. The second generation came in 10- and 20-gigabyte versions. The old 5 GB iPod hasn't disappeared, and its price has gone down.

It's worth noting that Apple has released Windows-compatible variants of the iPod since the second generation. These options came with a 4-pin to 6-pin FireWire adapter and a Musicmatch Jukebox, unlike iTunes on Macs.

In December 2002, Apple introduced the first limited edition iPods, signed by Madonna, Tony Hawk, Beck, or the No Doubt logo engraved on the back for an additional US$50.

On April 18, 2003, Apple announced a completely redesigned third-generation iPod. Making it thinner than previous models, Apple replaced the FireWire port with a new sync port (which is still in use today) and introduced the Touch Wheel, a completely non-mechanical interface with four auxiliary buttons in a row between the screen and the Touch Wheel. The front panel has rounded edges, the back is also slightly rounded. A new wired remote connector has been introduced. While the first and second generation had an auxiliary ring around the headphone port for remote control, the third generation had a 4-pin port adjacent to the headphone port. All iPods now support both Mac and Windows without installing additional software, requiring only Windows users to reformat the iPod before using it on a PC. Both iTunes and Musicmatch came with all iPods. Battery life has been extended to 8 hours, thanks in part to the use of a lithium-ion battery as opposed to a lithium polymer battery.

Announced on July 19, 2004, the fourth generation iPod replaced the third generation iPod's touch wheel with a new, touch wheel with buttons on it, the Click Wheel, previously featured on the iPod Mini. The iPod itself has also become slightly thinner. The price has been reduced and the selection has been simplified. It is worth noting that Apple began to reduce the number of accessories inside since the 4th generation. Whereas a dock, case and remote control used to come with the best iPods, the biggest 40GB iPod came only with a dock, Sennheiser-iPod headphones and a charging cable for connecting to both USB and FireWire. In addition to using the Click Wheel from the iPod mini, the fourth-generation classic used the Mini's more power-saving components, achieving 12 hours of battery life using the same battery as its predecessor.

A special U2 edition was announced on October 26, 2004 in support of U2's album How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb. The front plastic panel of this iPod was black, and the touch wheel was red to match the color of the album. With 30 gigabytes and artwork by all four members of U2, this iPod included a collection of past U2 albums. The U2 iPod had accessibility features such as free song downloads.

The Harry Potter Special Edition was announced on September 7, 2005. It was released alongside the Harry Potter series audiobooks on iTunes. It had the Hogwarts logo on the back and all 6 books that were available at the time were already on it.

While the U2 iPod was being announced, Apple also showed the iPod Photo.

Introduced as an improved version of the fourth generation iPod, the iPod Photo featured a 220x176 pixel LCD screen that could display 65,536 colors. The iPod photo supported JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG formats, and could be connected to a TV or other slideshow display. The battery lasted 15 hours of music and 5 hours of music slideshows. The iPod photo was released in 40GB and 60GB versions.

On February 23, 2005, the 40 GB models were replaced by thinner and cheaper 30 GB models. the price for the 60 GB model dropped and the number of accessories was reduced, resulting in the dock, FireWire cable, and TV cable being sold as separate products.

The fifth generation of the iPod was introduced on October 12, 2005, almost immediately after the presentation of the iPod Nano. The fifth generation iPod had a 2.5" 320x240 QVGA screen and a smaller Click Wheel. This iPod is also known as the iPod Video.

The iPod Video is the first iPod to be available in other colors as standard (i.e., not only in special editions), as white has been added in addition to the standard "iPod Signature White", and the second time the iPod has been completely redesigned, with new proportions, completely flat front, and more rounded edges. The 4-pin was also removed, which caused incompatibility with some past accessories. The iPod Video was also released in a special edition from U2 with a 30 GB disc. The iPod Video was the last iPod with a plastic face.

There is also a 30GB version of the iPod engraved with "Richard Mille" and stars around the edges. Only 70 such Ipods were produced in the world.

iPod Video plays videos in MP4 (up to 2.5 Mbps) and H.264 (up to 1.5 Mbps) formats. Videos such as series, podcasts, music videos, and movies can be purchased from online stores such as the iTunes Store or downloaded from other sources and then imported to iPod via iTunes.

Videos or slideshows can be played from the fifth generation iPod through a TV, projector, or monitor using the Apple iPod AV cable, or through the dock.

The iPod Video was updated on September 12, 2006. This update includes a brighter screen, search functionality, continuous playback, game support, and new headphones. This iPod also extended the battery life for video playback.

Game support, improved video playback time, and seamless playback are available to all iPods of this generation through a firmware update in iTunes. The iTunes CD also stopped shipping, causing users to download it from Apple's official website. In this update, the 60 GB model has been replaced with an 80 GB model.

This iPod's new search feature lets you use the Click Wheel to write the name of the song, artist, album, audiobook, or podcast you're looking for, causing your iPod to search for results as you type.

The iPod touch is a portable media player in Apple's iPod series. It differs from other players in the series by the presence of Wi-Fi and the presence of the App Store. iPod touch adds a multi-touch user interface to the iPod line. It's the first iPod with wireless access to the iTunes Store and the App Store, allowing you to purchase and download to your device. By March 2011, Apple had sold over 60 million iPod touch units.

The player is based on the design of the iPhone, a mobile phone released by Apple on June 29, 2007. The iPod, unlike the telephone, has a thinner and shorter body. The gadget has dimensions of 110x61.8x7.3 mm. The front part of the case is made of white plastic covered with glass resistant to mechanical impact, and the back part is made of metal. At the same time, the device weighs only 101 g.

On the front of the player there is a 3.5-inch (1-4 iPod) and a 4-inch widescreen multi-touch screen for the iPod touch 5 generation, as well as a single button (Home) located under the display and designed to return to the main menu. See: #Interface.

There are also two cameras on the front side and on the back.

There is a Wi-Fi antenna (starting from the 4th generation, it is located under the screen), which allows the player to work in wireless Wi-Fi networks (using 802.11b/g/n protocols). This allows iPod touch owners to download music for the player without using a computer as an intermediary: you can now work with the iTunes Store service directly from the device (using its light version - iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store).

You can also use Wi-Fi to surf the web, download applications from the App Store service.

At the bottom of the player are a connector for a docking station or a USB 2.0 cable and a 3.5mm stereo headphone jack. The 4th generation has a speaker to the left of the connector.

Starting with the fifth generation of the player (presented on September 12, 2012), the basic iPod touch loop accessory appeared - a silicone hand strap that is attached to an aluminum button on the back of the player. Also changed the dock connector from 30-pin to a more modern one (simultaneously with the advent of such a iPhone 5, iPad 4 and iPod nano 7).

iPod touch runs on iOS (originally iPhone OS). The first major update to the operating system after the first monetary issue was iPhone OS 2.0. This update introduced the App Store, allowing you to install third-party apps. iPhone OS 2.0 debuted on July 11, 2008. iPhone users received the upgrade for free, while iPod touch users had to pay for the upgrade. The second major update to the operating system was released on June 17, 2009. iPhone OS 3.0 adds features such as cut, copy, and paste, hotspot mode, and support for push notifications. For this update, iPod touch users also had to pay. iOS 4.0 was introduced on June 21, 2010. It was the first major iOS to drop support for some legacy devices such as the first generation iPod touch and the original iPhone. iOS 4 ran in reduced functionality mode on the iPhone 3G and the second generation iPod touch, while the iPhone 4, iPhone 3GS, third and fourth generation iPod touch had all the features. Key features introduced in iOS 4.0 include iBooks, FaceTime, and multitasking. iOS 5.0 was released to the public on June 6, 2011.

Mac mini is a computer manufactured by Apple Inc. and related to the Macintosh family. It was officially presented to the public on January 11, 2005 at MacWorld Expo. Since then, the lineup has been updated in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012.

It has relatively small dimensions for devices of this level: a square base with rounded edges with a side of 16.5 cm and a 5.1 cm height (models up to 2009 inclusive), which is almost identical to five CD boxes stacked in one stack. Weight - 1.32 kg.

The 2010 model measures 19.7x19.7x3.6 cm. Weight 1.37 kg.

The computer is sold without a monitor, keyboard, and mouse, assuming the user already has them from their PC or old Mac. Included with the first processor-based models was the Apple Remote, with which you can control the playback of music, video and photo collections on your computer through Front Row. The Apple Remote is currently excluded from supplies and is available as an option.

On June 15, an updated Mac Mini was released, in a new form factor, with new software and on a new hardware platform:

Reduced height aluminum housing with built-in power supply

Processor: 2.4 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo or 2.66 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo

Second level cache: 3 MB built into the processor

System bus: 1067 MHz

Memory: 2 GB (optionally expandable) DDR3 SDRAM running at 1067 MHz, support up to 8 GB

Hard disk: 320 GB or 2 x 500 GB

Optical drive: 8x SuperDrive slot-loading with dual layer support (DVD±R DL/DVD±RW/CD-RW)

Graphics: NVIDIA GeForce 320M GPU with 256MB DDR3 SDRAM shared with RAM;

Ports: 1x FireWire 800 (8W), 4x USB 2.0, HDMI out; Mini DisplayPort, SD card slot;

Audio: built-in loudspeaker, combined optical digital audio input and audio output;

Network interface: built-in 10/100/1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet network adapter;

Wireless Interfaces: Integrated AirPort Extreme Wi-Fi (based on draft 802.11n specification); IEEE 802.11a/b/g compliant, built-in Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate).

From the software there is a standard set of applications for Macs: the Mac OS X operating system, the Safari browser, the software package for working with photo and video materials and creating DVD iLife. Trial versions of the iWork and Microsoft Office suites are also included.

The presence of a DVD writer (in the latest models, the MacBook Air SuperDrive plays its role) and the iLife software package makes it possible to record and play digital video and DVD.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

A computer, positioned in the USA as an inexpensive model by local standards (from 600 to 800 USD) with attractive characteristics, costs in the Russian Federation from 850 to 1110 USD, and in Europe - from 580 to 760 EUR - that is, by 20% - 30% more expensive, which in some cases covers expense for flight and self-pickup of this type of device from America.

Apple TV is a digital media player developed by Apple, Inc. A modern Apple TV streams media (movies, music, podcasts, and photos) to widescreen LCD TVs and plasma displays from an iTunes library hosted on a Mac or PC, iPad, iPod touch, iPhone, or Internet access. services: iTunes Store, iCloud, Netflix, YouTube, Vimeo, Flickr.

First-generation devices use a modified version of Apple Mac OS X Tiger as the operating system, starting from the second generation, a modified version of Apple iOS is installed on devices.

The second generation of Apple TV (issues of securities in 2010 and later) does not allow you to buy TV shows and movies in the iTunes Store (there is no hard drive for storing content), using the set-top box they can only be rented (rented) in the iTunes Store for viewing.

The first generation Apple TV was designed to be used only on a home network—syncing the contents of an iTunes library hosted on a Mac or PC.

for the month of March 2007.

2007, June - firmware update to version 1.1, which, in addition to security improvements, added the ability to stream photos and access the YouTube video service.

2008, January 15 - the announcement of a new free firmware for Apple TV. With it, you can buy and rent movies and music from the iTunes Store, as well as download podcasts and photos (streaming) from the Internet resources MobileMe and Flickr.

February 2008 - Firmware update allowing the user to access iTunes, Flickr and .Mac galleries without using a computer. The possibility of renting films directly from Apple TV, including high-definition ones, was also introduced.

July 10, 2008 - Apple TV OS 2.1 firmware release. Closed several security vulnerabilities. From Apple, a new Remote app has been added to the App Store to control Apple TV using an iPod Touch or iPhone, and the gallery manager has also been updated.

2009, September 14 - termination of sale and issue of Apple TV with a 40 gigabyte hard drive inside. Apple has discontinued the 40GB version. Apple TV - this device quietly disappeared from the company's online store, after which the prices for the older 160 GB model dropped sharply by one hundred dollars at once. The Apple TV 160 GB remains the only Apple set-top box and costs $229 instead of the previous $329.

2010, September 1 - Steve Jobs introduced a compact and cheap new version of Apple TV (2010). The new Apple TV (2010) is fundamentally different from the previous version in both hardware (based on the Apple A4 ARM processor) and software stuffing. The new player, priced at $99, lets you stream media from the Internet or your home computer, or take it to rentau(for rent) to watch TV shows and movies.

March 7, 2012 - Apple TV was updated. At the heart of the hardware is a single-core version of the Apple A5 ARM processor. The new Apple TV has an updated user interface that borrows heavily from Apple iOS, as well as the ability to play streaming video from the Web in 1080p. the price is still $99.

Apple TV connects to a TV or other equipment via an HDMI interface. Apple TV does not come with connecting cables (other than the power cable), so the user must use their own.

Although Apple's website states that widescreen TVs that support EDTV or HDTV are required to work, Apple has confirmed that the device can work with standard definition TVs with anamorphic widescreen functionality. Apple TV ONLY supports digital optical output. The player can work in a local network using an Ethernet connection or in a Wi-Fi network using the 802.11n or 802.11a/b/g protocol. The USB port located on the rear wall is used for business purposes and is not intended to work with external drives.

Apple TV comes with an Apple Remote.

Older versions of Apple TV allow you to sync content from your iTunes library by copying it to the built-in hard drive or by streaming it directly from your computer over your wired or wireless home network. In sync mode, Apple TV works just like a regular iPod. Once sync is complete, Apple TV can work offline without being connected to iTunes. Synchronization modes are divided into “automatic” (all content is copied without exception) or “favorites”, when only selected files are copied to Apple TV.

The modern version of Apple TV works exclusively in streaming mode, when the contents of the iTunes library are played without synchronization, directly over the local network or the media stream is played from the Internet services iTunes Store, HuluPlus, MobileMe, Netflix, YouTube, Flickr.

The Apple TV interface is very simple. It is based on the Front Row multimedia shell. The content is divided into several groups, including "Movies", "TV Programs", "Music", "YouTube", "Podcasts", "Photos" as well as "Settings" and "Sources". Going to the menu opens access to the submenu. Menu navigation is done using the Apple Remote.

During today's trading on stock market in the morning, the value of Apple shares reached a new record high of $ 664.74 a share, as a result of which the market capitalization of the organization from Cupertino exceeded $ 623 billion. bidding stopped at $622.6 billion. This means that Apple has become the most valuable public American firm of all time.

The previous record for market value of $618.9 billion was set by Microsoft on December 30, 1999. It should be added that when Microsoft was breaking market value records in the late 90s, Apple was fighting for survival. Relatively recently, in 2004, the market value of the "apple" organization did not exceed $10 billion, and only three years ago it was at the level of $100 billion.

Currently, the production of iPhone smartphones alone brings Apple more money than Microsoft earns. And the iPad, originally intended to fill the market gap between the iPhone and the Mac, has become a multi-million dollar product in its own right.

Apple is one of the most profitable companies in the world. In the last three months of 2011 (First Quarter 2012), Apple made $13 billion, just short of ExxonMobil's record $14.8 billion in earnings for the quarter set in the fall of 2008, when the price was breaking records.

Apple (Apple, Apple) is

Apple's share price is now rising thanks to rumors about the upcoming announcement of the new generation iPhone and iPad mini tablet.

Deutsch Wikipedia

apple 2- Apple II Apple II Apple IIc Type Micro ordinateur Date de sortie 1977 ... Wikipédia en Français

apple tv- ist die Bezeichnung einer Set Top Box, die von Apple Inc. entwickelt wurde. Sie wird an ein Fernsehgerät oder an einen Bildschirm angeschlossen und kann auf diesem verschiedene Medieninhalte wiedergeben, die sie über ein lokales Netzwerk erhält… … Deutsch Wikipedia

Apple A4- Apple A4 >> Central processing unit Production: since 2010 Production ... Wikipedia

Apple- Ap ple (p p l), n. ppel, pl; akin to Fries. & D. appel, OHG, aphul, aphol, G. apfel, Icel. epli, Sw. [a]ple, Dan. ble, Gael. ubhall, W.afal, Arm. aval, Lith. ob[*u]lys, Russ. iabloko; of unknown origin.] 1 … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

Apple TV- Fabricante Apple Inc. Tipo Receptor digital multimedia en un decodificador … Wikipedia Español

Today Apple is a leading manufacturer of mobile phones, software, players, and tablets. The history of Apple is invariably linked to Steve Jobs. Today, the equipment produced by the corporation is highly valued for its impeccable quality. Currently, the total value of the corporation is estimated at over 500 billion US dollars. The company carefully monitors trends in IT technologies and implements them in the production process. Surely readers of the site will be interested in the history of the creation and development of the company.

Name history

The official date of birth of the organization is April 1, 1976. It was on this day that Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak built their first computer by hand. It was called Apple Computer. It is necessary to understand how the company got the name Apple.

First Apple Computer

There are several versions. One of them is Jobs' desire to have the name more conveniently located in the telephone directory. So the "name" of the company occupied the line immediately below the name of the Atari organization, which was engaged in the development of computer games. In addition, the apple symbolizes the struggle for the preservation of nature and the environment, and for the first time in the world, the corporation began to use old consumables for the production of new equipment.

History of the logo

The history of the creation of the Apple logo is quite interesting. Its original symbol was a man sitting under a tree with a falling apple drawn over his head. It becomes immediately clear that this picture depicted the great scientist Isaac Newton. Most likely, there were some references in the Bible, because a bitten apple symbolizes temptation. It is worth noting that the Macintosh computer models were named after the variety of apples that the developer of this product line was very fond of.

Apple's first logo

However, the initial logo was not memorable and was not suitable for mass sales. Then the history of the creation of the Apple logo goes in a different direction. The designer of the company (Rob Yanovu) was walking down the street and stopped by the local supermarket and bought some apples. Arriving home, he began to cut them and examine them from various angles, after which he depicted one monochrome fruit. True, for some reason he drew an apple slightly bitten.

Jobs liked Rob's sketch, but decided it would be better to paint the apple. The head of the advertising agency was against such a decision, because at that time printing using color ink was many times more expensive than now. However, Steve insisted on his own, and soon the well-known apple appeared on computers.

The evolution of the Apple logo

The colors for this were chosen randomly. The only thing Jobs insisted on was that the green tint should decorate the drawing above. The type of fruit did not change until 1998. However, then logos painted in black, white and silver were placed on the devices. Such is the history of the Apple logo.

The first computers

In the spring of 1976, the Apple Computer I appeared in US hardware stores for $666.66. Within a few months, its creators collect and sell 175 pieces of goods. Outwardly, it looked like a motherboard with no sound, no case, no keyboard. The next year, Michael Scott takes over as director of the firm.

A new model appears, which was called the Apple II. It was the first PC to feature color graphics. At this stage, the history of the development of Apple takes a new turn. The technique included special commands for working with sound, as well as a small built-in speaker. In addition, there was a power supply and a keyboard. At that time, the computer was a real breakthrough, and for the first time in the history of the PC, its sales exceeded one million units. It is worth mentioning that until 1993 more than 5 million models were assembled and sold. Initially, variants with an 8-bit operating system were developed, and a little later, 16-bit computers appeared on sale.

Apple II model

Lisa and Macintosh

Beginning in 1979, Apple brand employee Jeff Raskin began work on a new PC, which was called the Macintosh. In fact, it was the first technique, in a monoblock of which there was everything that an average user needs to work. At the same time, in 1983, another model appeared on the home appliance market. She was named Lisa - this was the name of the daughter of Steve Jobs. However, unfortunately, it did not become popular and in demand.

Lisa Model

The beginning of the 1980s turned out to be quite a difficult time for the company. Due to regular absenteeism, Steve Jobs was forced to lay off forty employees of the company. At the same time, Apple Computer is being brought to the initial IPO and the owners begin to sell shares on one of the largest financial exchanges in the world - NASDAQ. However, this step did not give the desired effect, and articles began to appear in newspapers announcing the imminent decline of the corporation.

The situation began to change in 1983, when a talented top manager named Scully John became the president of the organization. Before joining Apple, he was quite successful in managing PepsiCo. True, friction immediately began between him and Steve Jobs.

On January 22, 1984, the first Macintosh is presented to the public, radically changing the way ordinary people view personal computers. This event became a new milestone in the history of Apple Corporation. By the way, the advertising clip, filmed specifically for the release of the Macintosh based on the plot of D. Orwell's work, was awarded the Grand Prix at Cannes. Even today, it is considered one of the most original commercials in history.

First Macintosh

The model received the prefix 512K and began to be sold at a price of 2495 US dollars. Its creators will try to make a technique that any user who does not have the proper qualifications can master in a matter of minutes. True, the first Mac OS microprocessors were not distinguished by great power and performance. They lacked such things as, for example, the ability to simultaneously perform multiple tasks and protected memory. However, over time, the developers eliminated these shortcomings, and the Macintosh was able to compete with other similar equipment.

Time passed, and there was a need to create a new operating system. Having carefully considered all the nuances, the owners of the company decided to use the modern developments of the company called NeXT in new computers. It used operating systems under the general name UNIX. The next system was called Mac OS X and was designed to allow users to seamlessly transition from older models to new ones.

The departure and return of Steve Jobs

In 1985, Apple's history is at a turning point. It was at this time that the President of the United States of America, Ronald Reagan, presents Steve Wozniacki and Steve Jobs with a medal for a powerful breakthrough in IT technologies. At the same time, Jobs, who is the ideological inspirer of the corporation, leaves it, having quarreled with members of the board of directors. Along with this, sales of personal computers and the value of the company's shares are falling sharply. Experts attribute this precisely to the departure of Jobs, because he was able to advertise the created equipment in a very original way. Many believe that this is where the story of Apple's development will end.

Ronald Reagan presents Steve Jobs with a medal for a major breakthrough in IT technologies. 1985

In the period from 1995 to 1997, the development, assembly and sale of equipment began to bring serious losses. At the end of the 90s, their amount tends to 2 billion US dollars. The board of directors decides to ask Steve Jobs to return to the corporation back.

Revolution in the 2000s

In 2001, the iPod audio player appeared on the computer technology market. Thanks to its capabilities, this compact media player instantly gained well-deserved popularity. In 2003, an online store was opened in the network, which sold music and listened to it in the players of this manufacturer. The supermarket that opened was called the iTunes Store. In 2007, the corporation demonstrates a new development - the first mobile phone of the company, called the iPhone. Since then, the popularity of the device has been growing every year, and its sales have broken all records. Since 2008, another online store has appeared on the network. It's called the App Store. The principle of operation and the payment system of the resource is not much different from iTunes.

First iPod audio player

Appearance of the first iPhone

At the time of the beginning of 2010, the company has unquestioned authority among manufacturers of computer equipment. It was at this time that the first tablet computer, called the iPad, went on sale. In the first month of its implementation, over 1 million copies were sold. From that moment on, the success story of the corporation does not raise any doubts about the genius of the creators of the brand.

This is what the first iPad looks like

Since 2011, Apple has become the most valuable commercial organization in the world. True, its owners failed to establish themselves on this peak for a long time. In 2013, its factories begin to produce 64-bit chips designed to work with the ARM architecture. The company releases a 2-core microprocessor, which was named A7. In 2014, compact portable Apple Watch devices appear on the electronics market.

Apple Watch

Acquisition of companies and appearance in Russia

Naturally, such a large giant as Apple acquired shares in smaller organizations. So from 1996 to 2012, the corporation absorbed such companies as NeXT, P. A. Semi, Quattro Wireless, Siri, Anobit Technologies.

The success story of the concern in Russia begins in 2005, when the first Russian Apple Center store was opened. Just two years later, in 2007, the official representative office of the company in the country opens. In 2012, the owners of the corporation registered the Apple Rus company, which to this day is engaged in the retail and wholesale of electronic equipment.

The first Apple store in Moscow

How is the company doing today?

During the development of the company, she experienced both successes and severe failures. Today, its own corporate culture has been specially developed to lead such a giant. Before proceeding with the creation of new models of devices, the management clearly prescribes the responsibilities and roles of each employee. Any product of the company is developed in an atmosphere of strict secrecy.

The company also has its own concept of sales. It clearly outlines how stores should be designed. For managers and sellers, the principles of trade in equipment and psychological techniques used on buyers are drawn up.

Vendors are dressed in blue uniforms. Before taking up their duties, they must complete a 14-day training course. In the process of work, managers additionally undergo training. In addition, they are trained to use services for device diagnostics.

While still alive, Steve Jobs independently developed the company's advertising strategy. Today, tablet computers, mobile phones, audio players, and watches leave the Apple conveyors. In addition, specialists are constantly working on improving the software.

In 2016, the company's management made one interesting statement that soon the concern's equipment will operate on the principle of end-to-end encryption. Its essence is in the signal transmission algorithm: the data will be encoded on users' gadgets, after which it will be transmitted to the receiving equipment and decoded. This innovation is connected with the fact that more and more people began to talk about the surveillance of citizens by the US government.