Interesting about reserves and national parks of Belarus. Znameniye reserves and national parks of Belarus. Naroch National Park

AT Republic of Belarus there are especially protected natural objects, these are unique, reference, valuable natural complexes that are of great scientific, ecological or aesthetic value. In relation to these objects, a special regime of application and protection has been established.
Nowadays, in order to preserve the unique ecological complexes, it is necessary to form national parks of various values, nature reserves and, of course, sanctuaries. All of them are designed to preserve biological and landscape abundance, prevent degradation, pollution, damage and other negative impacts, and ensure their optimal use. Reserves provide a very effective preservation of ecological systems, because it is on their territory that absolutely all natural ecological complexes, as well as rare and ordinary landscapes, are taken from private management. In the vastness of the Republic of Belarus there are two national reserves, this is the well-known radiation-ecological Polessky and Berezinsky biospheric.
In this country, since 1991, they began to organize national parks, which are natural areas of great ecological and scientific value, as well as potential recreational opportunities. In these territories, protected areas occupied from 10 to 50 percent of the vast territory of the country. In the rest of the territory, a variety of economic activities were organized, which assumed a mild nature management regime. The very first declared national park is Belovezhskaya Pushcha, after that such parks as Narochinsky, Braslav Lakes and Pripyatsky were created.
Reserve, it is a specially protected natural area, created in order to restore the safety of natural complexes or their components in order to maintain the ecological balance.
In addition to these national parks , the system of specially protected natural systems of the Republic of Belarus includes 85 reserves of republican and 358 local significance, 305 natural monuments of national importance, as well as 542 regional levels. For me, their area was about one and a half thousand hectares, or almost 8 percent of the entire country. These data were current as of 2010. By 2015, there is a plan to increase this level to 8.4 percent.
Do not forget that a number of specially protected natural spaces The Republic of Belarus is part of the European ornithological and botanical territories, and is also included in the European forestry monitoring network. The Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve is also included in the network of international background monitoring stations along with Belovezhskaya Pushcha. Some of these territories are included by the UN in a single list of the world heritage of all mankind. These data testify to the great importance in the contribution of the conservation of the natural wealth of our common home.

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Protected areas of Belarus

Today there are four national parks on the territory of the Republic of Belarus: Belovezhskaya Pushcha, Narochinsky, Braslav lakes, Pripyatsky; and two state reserves: Berezinsky biospheric and Polessky radiation-ecological reserve.

As a rule, reserves are closed to tourists, but some of them can still be visited: get on an eco-excursion or visit a museum. All natural protected areas were formed in the 20th century:

1. 1925 - the first reserve - Berezinsky - was created in the BSSR.
2. 1939 - the Belovezhskaya Pushcha reserve was created on the territory annexed to the BSSR.
3. 1969 - the Pripyat Nature Reserve was created.
4. 1989 - the Polessky Reserve was created.
5. 1991 - Belovezhskaya Pushcha reserve was transformed into a national park.
6. 1995 - Braslav Lakes National Park was created.
7. 1996 - Pripyatsky Reserve was transformed into the Pripyatsky National Park (area increase).
8. 1999 - Narochansky National Park was created.

Undoubtedly, the most famous and largest national park in Belarus is Belovezhskaya Pushcha, located in the Brest region. This is the largest remnant of a relict primeval lowland forest in Europe. In 1992, by decision of UNESCO, the State National Park "Belovezhskaya Pushcha" was included in the World Heritage List of mankind.

Belovezhskaya Pushcha has no equal in Europe in terms of the number of plant and animal species. This national park contains hundreds of ancient oak trees that are over 500 years old.

Here you can also meet and photograph bison in their natural habitat. There are also rare birds, such as: black stork, white-tailed eagle and gray crane.

Belovezhskaya Pushcha is interesting as an object of ecological tourism. You can get acquainted with representatives of the local flora and fauna in the Museum of Nature, where spacious enclosures are equipped for animals.

You can admire the beauties of the national park while walking along the many hiking trails. Also here is the residence of the Belarusian Father Frost, which will be of interest to young visitors to the park.

The Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve is located in the northern part of Belarus at a distance of 120 kilometers from Minsk, on the border of the Vitebsk and Minsk regions. The center of the reserve is the village of Domzheritsy, Lepel district. The reserve is included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves, the total area is 85.2 thousand hectares.

The swamps in the park occupy most of the territory, thereby making it unique among other reserves in Belarus. Here you can meet all the known varieties of swamps (about ten) and view them from a 15-meter tower - observations are especially popular with tourists.

The reserve is home to many species of plants and animals, some of which are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Belarus. For more than 50 years, the Museum of Nature has been operating in the Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve, where about 300 species of animals are represented. The museum is open to visitors daily without lunch. The museum is located in the village of Domzheritsy.

Many animals, including elk, bison, bear, wolf and lynx, can be seen up close by visiting the Forest Zoo. It is also worth taking a walk along the ecological trails of the reserve, visiting a rope town, ordering a horseback ride or a kayak tour, or cycling along the park's routes. Little visitors will not be bored: naturalistic classes are organized for them by the park staff.

One of the most beautiful and unique places in Belarus - the Braslav Lakes National Park - is located 250 kilometers from Minsk, in the north-west of the country. The park includes the southern part of the Braslav region with significant swamps and forests.

The total area of ​​the national park is 71,500 hectares, the length from north to south is 56 km, with a width of 7 to 29 km. About 17% of its territory is occupied by lakes, forests - 46% of the surface.

Braslav Lakes National Park

On the territory of the national park you can find a number of interesting monuments of nature, history and culture.: pronounced glacial landforms, islands on lakes, large boulders, settlements, burial mounds and religious buildings - attract hikers.

In the Braslav Lakes National Park, scientific activities are carried out, as well as work on nature protection. Excursions to the ancient city of Braslav, which is the scientific center of the park, are also popular.

Braslav Lakes National Park

Braslav Poozerye is rightly referred to by many as the “blue necklace” of Belarus, and is an ideal place for ecological tourism. Here is a paradise for lovers of fishing, hunting and recreation on the water. In the most picturesque corners of this region, there are four recreation centers: "Drivyaty", "Zolovo", "Leoshki", "Slobodka" and 48 tourist camps of various types.

Naroch National Park is located near Minsk and has an area of ​​97.3 thousand hectares. 17% of the park area is occupied by lakes , there are about 40 in total. The lakes are surrounded by untouched forests with rare animal species. In total, there are three groups of lakes on the territory of the Narochansky National Park: Boldukskaya, Narochanskaya and Myadelskaya.

Central - Lake Naroch - the largest natural reservoir in Belarus (area - 80 sq. km). The average depth of the lake is 9 m, length - 13 km, width 10 km. Two dozen streams flow into the lake, and the only river Naroch flows out. The water in the lake is very clean, which makes it possible to breed whitefish. This place is very popular with fishermen.

A distinctive feature and uniqueness of the National Park is the largest resort and health zone in Belarus - the main health resort of the country: there are about twenty sanatoriums built around mineral water sources.

In the center of the Polesskaya lowland, there is an interesting geographical region of the south of Belarus - Pripyat Polesye, spreading on both sides of the Pripyat River. The Pripyat Nature Reserve is characterized by high swampiness of the area, poor development of the territory, and good preservation of natural complexes.

In this park, monuments of the life of the Poleshuks have been preserved., in 1998, a museum of nature began to function, where you can get acquainted with the historical, archaeological and cultural heritage, the characteristics of the life of the local population and the richest nature of Pripyat Polesie.

In the picturesque corners of the Polissya side, among natural landscapes, everyone can relax and communicate with nature, the Pripyatsky National Park offers to walk along ecological paths to the “king-oak” and “king-pine”, visit excursions around the ancient city of Turov, churches of all saints, make a water trip along the Pripyat River.

Polessky State Radiation-Ecological Reserve was organized in 1988 in the Belarusian part of the exclusion zone on the territory of the three regions of the Gomel region most affected by the Chernobyl disaster - Braginsky, Khoiniki and Narovlyansky. Its area is 216093 hectares. It is of great interest among people who are interested in the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.

I am fond of hiking and traveling, photography and video filming.

I have been hiking since childhood. The whole family went and went - sometimes to the sea, then to the river, to the lake, to the forest. There was a time when we spent a whole month in the forest. They lived in tents and cooked over a fire. Perhaps that is why even now I am drawn to the forest and, in general, to nature.
I travel regularly. Approximately three trips per year for 10-15 days and many 2 and 3 day hikes.

On the territory of Belarus, one of the "greenest" countries in Europe, there are a number of unique reserves and reserves. About 6.1% of the country's territory, or 1.2 million hectares, is under state protection.

Belovezhskaya Pushcha is a colossal array of primeval European forest, stretching from Belarus to Poland, across the watershed of the Neman, Western Bug and Pripyat rivers. The total area of ​​the protected area is over 150 thousand hectares (together with the Polish part), forests - 87.6 thousand hectares. From the 13th century, these places served as a reserved place for princely, and later - royal hunting. The Belovezhsky Reserve was opened on December 29, 1921 on the basis of the "Rezerwat" forestry. In 1977, the park was included in the UNESCO cultural heritage list, and since 1991 the area has been declared a national park. Approximately 55 species of large mammals live here, including elk, deer, lynx, wild boars, badgers, wolves, ermine, marten, otter, mink and beaver, more than 200 species of birds and about 120 species of trees. But the main inhabitants of the Pushcha are bison (European bison), which were on the verge of extinction at the beginning of the 20th century, and only through the efforts of the reserve workers their population was restored to a normal size (now there are about 1000 heads of these beautiful animals).

The Berezinsky Reserve (founded in 1925) is a unique protected area, one of the best reserves in Europe, included in the system of UNESCO biosphere reserves. Located just 120 km north of Minsk, the reserve protects the upper reaches of the Berezina River - an extensive system of moraine hills, raised bogs and ancient pine forests that were under the threat of complete destruction at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Now about 50 species of large mammals, more than 200 species of birds, including the rarest species for Europe (black stork, gray crane, capercaillie, etc.), as well as about 700 species of plants live in the forests and swamps of the region. The largest beaver population in Europe is also located here.

The Pripyatsky National Park lies in the southwest of the Gomel region, on the right bank of the river of the same name. Founded in 1969, today it covers an area of ​​about 75.2 thousand hectares. Under protection are typical landscapes of the Belarusian Polesye - primeval floodplain oak forests, more than 30 lakes, vast forests inhabited by bison, elks, wild boars, deer, lynxes and wolves, about 120 species of birds are found here, and the vast river system is famous for its ichthyofauna. In the ancient city of Turov located here, you can see the monument to Prince Turov, an ancient stone cross, the Church of All Saints (XIX century) and the wonderful Museum of Nature.

Also noteworthy are the Naroch National Park, which protects the ecosystem of Lake Naroch and the Blue Lakes (180 km northwest of Minsk, an area of ​​about 94,000 ha), and the Braslav Lakes National Park (250 km northwest of Minsk, an area of ​​70,000 ha), which protects the lake edge of the country and its living inhabitants.

Belarus is rightly called one of the greenest countries in Europe. And this is not an exaggeration. On this territory there are unique nature reserves, sanctuaries, national parks. Belarus is characterized by special care for animals and plants. Currently, more than 6% of the country's territory (1.2 million hectares) is under state protection. Below we present a list of reserves and national parks in Belarus.

Reserves:

• "Berezinsky".
• "Bialowieza Forest".
• "Polessky".

National parks:

• "Pripyatsky".
• "Narochinsky".
• "Braslav lakes".

Preserves:

• "Dnepro-Sozhsky".

State National Park "Belovezhskaya Pushcha"

The largest nature reserve in Belarus, covering a huge area - 152,242 hectares.

In 1939 the famous reserve "Belovezhskaya Pushcha" was founded. It has been protected by UNESCO since 1979.

This protected land is home to 70 species and 82 species of endangered plants.

Interesting Facts:

• In 1409, the Polish ruler Jagiello banned hunting for a large animal on the territory of the present reserve.
• Probably, not everyone knows that Belovezhskaya Pushcha is an official residence. Every year on New Year's Eve, he must contact the country's border guards and get permission to pass the New Year across the state border.
• The main symbol not only of Belovezhskaya Pushcha, but of Belarus as a whole is the bison - the only artiodactyl listed in the Red Book of the state. Today, the number of these animals in the reserve is about 415.

Reserve "Berezinsky"

Almost all nature reserves and national parks in Belarus have a long history. But the oldest of them is precisely Berezinsky. Its area: 85.2 thousand hectares. It was founded in January 1925. It received the status of a biosphere reserve in 1979. 114 endangered and rare animal species and 83 plant species are officially registered on its territory.

It must be said that a reserve was created to protect beavers, but later bears also appeared in it, of which today there are slightly less than half of all individuals living in the country.

More than 60% of the territory of this reserve is occupied by swamps. This is probably why the mythical hero who attracts tourists to these places is called Bolotnik.

Reserves, national parks in Belarus often become pioneers in animal protection. For example, it was in the Berezinsky Reserve that they first appeared for amphibians. One of these structures is located at (122 km).

Polissky Reserve

The reserves and national parks of Belarus are all very different. They differ in size, relief, landscape. For example, the Polessky Reserve is a territory of rivers, lakes and impenetrable swamps. Its area is small - 20 thousand hectares. It is located between the Bolotnitsa and Ubort rivers.

This area is very similar to the taiga. It is covered with forests that are found nowhere else in the country. There are many unique plants here. Animals are represented by forest species: lynx, elk, white hare, capercaillie, grouse, bearded owl, etc.

Perhaps the main attraction of the reserve is beekeeping - a special form of beekeeping, which has been preserved in its original form since ancient times.

Reserves of the Republic of Belarus, Polessky in particular, with prior agreement on a visit, conduct excursions. In its vicinity there are a number of water, foot and car tourist routes.

Reserves and national parks of Belarus: "Braslav lakes"

This protected area covers an area of ​​69 thousand 115 hectares. Braslav Lakes is a unique national park founded in August 1995.

The park is famous for its amazing lakes, which have somewhat unusual names for Belarusians - Snudy, Drivyaty, Voiso, Nedrovo and Nespish, Strusto. The protected area of ​​the park is located on an area of ​​3,452 hectares.

Naroch National Park

It occupies a much larger area than the Braslav Lakes. It reaches 97.3 thousand hectares. By decree of the President of the country, the park was founded at the end of July 1999.

On this vast territory there are 40 lakes, which make up 17% of its area. The largest of them is the magnificent Lake Naroch. The area of ​​the park is 80 sq. km. In addition to it, the park includes the most amazing of them - Deep and Dead. Due to the huge deposits of carbonate, the water of the Deep has an unusual greenish tint. The Dead Lake is interesting for specialists due to the complete absence of fish in its waters. And on its swampy shores you can see sundew - a very interesting plant.

Park Pripyatsky

Today we present you not only nature reserves. And the national parks of Belarus are of great interest not only for specialists, but also for tourists. Pripyatsky Park occupies a huge area - 188 thousand 841 hectares.

As a landscape and hydrological reserve, Pripyatsky was founded in 1969. In 1996 it was turned into a national park.

More than 40 species of rare plants and more than 72 species of mammals and birds grow in this territory. More than 500 hectares of the park are occupied by "plantations" of cranberries.

Dnepro-Sozhsky Reserve

In conclusion, we present the youngest protected area. This is the Dnieper-Sozhsky reserve, created in 2005. It is located between the Sozh and Dnieper rivers in the Loevsky district of the Gomel region. Its area is 1455 hectares.

The reserve can be called unique. Vegetation in this area is represented by meadows, forests, shrubs, forest swamps. Upland and floodplain oak forests have been preserved here.

The landscape is diversified by numerous channels, oxbow lakes, inlets. A wide variety of herbaceous, coastal-aquatic, forest and aquatic ecosystems contribute to the richness of fauna and flora.

The rare and endangered species of plants that grow in the reserve include 15 species. The fauna of the reserve is represented by 140 species of birds, of which 131 species nest in this region, and 35 species of mammals.

This green miracle is included in the list of the same nature reserves under the care of UNESCO. The human foot did not set foot on the local lands until the 18th century, so there are a lot of untouched expanses, which are the wealth of the past, the heritage of the present and the ecological treasury of the future. The year of the foundation of the reserve is also impressive - 1925, fortunately, the Belarusians quickly realized that such wealth should be protected. The territory of the wild oasis occupies more than 76 thousand hectares, stretching to the lands of Minsk and Vitebsk regions. While admiring the greenery, do not forget about the water riches of the biosphere reserve, because a water “pearl” has registered here - Lake Plavno, which is a reservoir connecting the Black and Baltic Seas. No wonder one of the routes that passed through this area was called "From the Varangians - to the Greeks." And why, in fact, "Berezinsky"? It's all about the local river - the Berezina, stretching for 110 km in length. She has many younger "relatives" - rivers and lakes. As in Belovezhskaya Pushcha, it has its own museum and enclosures, and you can also take part in extreme entertainment - kayaking, cycling expeditions, hunting. You can also participate in some scientific developments. And, of course, to settle right in the middle of the wild - in colorful houses, rent a gazebo, make barbecue, take a steam bath, fish, enjoy the clean air and the gentle sun. The exact coordinates of the reserve are the village of Dozhmeritsy, Central Street No. 3. Phone - 263-44 (18).

A special reserve has spread in the Minsk region, rich not only in natural beauty, but also in health - mineral springs, which are the main medicine for the guests of the National Park who settled in 18 sanatoriums. The main local highlights, besides the springs, of course, are pine forests and many lakes (43 natural reservoirs) abounding in fish that you can catch and beaches where you can sunbathe. In addition to fish, of course, there are other living creatures. Unusual ones are especially good - black storks. In addition to admiring nature and treatment, in the Narochansky complex you can also hunt and walk along the route of the excursion you like. The area of ​​green heritage is 94 thousand hectares. Habitat - Minsk. Exact address: Naroch, Leninskaya street, No. 11. Phone - 432-92. The rest of the information is available at www.narochpark.by.

This national park- expanse for connoisseurs of water beauties and, of course, fans of fishing. The complex consists of 250 lakes, which are home to almost 30 varieties of fish. The deepest lake, stretching more than 40 meters deep into the earth, is Voloso Yuzhnoye. The most amazing thing is Strusto, in the middle of which there is an island, also adorned with a lake. Braslav lakes are so clean that you can see what is happening at a depth of 10 meters. Of course, there are also forest expanses and fluffy animals here, because the complex occupies almost 70 thousand hectares. There are 800 plant species in the reserve alone, 20 of which are "inhabitants" of the Red Book of the country. In addition, the ancient city of Braslav nestled in the park, the first mention of which dates back to the 11th century. And 10 centuries ago there was a huge glacier reaching several hundred meters in thickness. It was thanks to its melting that the very unique natural system with an abundance of reservoirs was formed, which pleases many tourists. Pay special attention to the ancient boulders - these are rare exhibits. Here you can stay for a few days, at your service are several bases for every taste and pocket. The coordinates of the National Park are Braslav, Dachnaya street No. 1. You can find more information about the prices for accommodation and entertainment by going to www.braslavpark.by/index.php/turizm/tseny.

This natural attraction is located between three rivers: Pripyat, Ubort and Stvigi. Park "Pripyatsky" is special, the pride of ornithologists in Belarus. Again, the features of this area are the machinations of an ancient glacier. The park is mainly located in the lowlands, therefore it is rich in swamps, is underdeveloped, which makes it especially attractive not only for tourists who love secluded corners of nature, but also for scientists from all over the world. In addition, such representatives of the fauna live on the territory, which are not found in other Belarusian parks. Of the local settlers, 65 types of birds, 4 - mammals, 2 - fish and 1 species of amphibians are listed in the Red Book of the Republic. With entertainment in Pripyatsky Park, everything is also in order - fishing, excursions, boat trips or boat trips, hunting and much more awaits you in the town of Lyaskovichi, in the Gomel region. You can easily find all other details on the park's portal - www.npp.by.

The final among the natural "pearls" of Belarus, you will be presented with a special area - a biosphere reserve, called "Pribuzhskoye Polesye". On its territory there are 5 varieties of valuable ecological systems, among which are forest, water, swamp, light forest-shrub, and meadow. Here lakes, hills are interspersed with plains, and lakes peacefully coexist with outlandish dunes. The territory of the natural attraction is more than 48 thousand hectares, some of which border on Ukraine. In 2004, the Pribuzhskoye Polesie came under the care of UNESCO. On the territory of the reserve, about 8 thousand inhabitants, distributed over several dozen settlements, feel excellent. The flora and sauna of the woodland is very diverse, about a hundred species of animals, birds and fish are listed in the Belarusian Red Book. As you understand, this place is rich in no vegetation and "smaller brothers". Here you can also get acquainted with the life and culture of the peasants, moreover, they are special, representing a combination of ethnic traditions of Belarus, Poland and Ukraine. What can you do on the territory of the reserve, except for admiring the gifts of nature and getting to know the locals? In the penates of the "Pribuzhsky Polesye" lies a lot of entertainment, for example, hikes, including extreme ones, and kayak routes on the water. You can also go for mushrooms, berries or medicinal herbs. There is where to take a steam bath, have a picnic. There are folklore concerts. And, of course, be sure to check out the only Museum of Cosmonautics in the country or the Museum of Local Lore. Photohunting is a separate topic for Pribuzhsky Polesie, they say that in these parts one of the most interesting, colorful pictures is obtained. Want to check it out? For more information about the natural attraction, please visit the portal - www.rezervat.domachevo.com/.

Belarus is a unique country, generously rewarded with natural resources, quiet, serene, not losing its originality and virgin purity. Time in the boundless Belarusian expanses slows down. Welcome to green paradise!