The history of the fire department. Design and research work "history and activities of the fire department" 1 fire brigade
Profession firefighter (description for children) - what kind of work is this? Every year, fires destroy many lives and destroy precious acres of property. Firefighters help protect people and property. They are often the first to arrive if there is an accident or emergency.
Dangerous profession
When an alarm sounds, firefighters must respond quickly, as (description for children) is a dangerous and difficult job. During a fire, floors in buildings may sag, and the walls of buildings may collapse. Fire flames and acrid smoke can burn or even kill. Firefighters may come into contact with toxic gases or other hazardous materials. To protect themselves, they wear special protective equipment.
What should a real firefighter be like?
In addition, representatives of this dangerous profession must be healthy, dexterous and resilient. They must be vigilant, courageous and disciplined, as sometimes they have to make quick decisions. They must be able to get along well with other people because they live and work closely with them.
Profession firefighter - description for children, how to tell it?
How to tell children who firefighters are and what they do? Yes, very simple. Awesome, they put out fires, rescue people from buildings engulfed in flames, provide assistance to those caught in all sorts of car accidents, and even remove cats from trees and rescue other animals in trouble.
Choosing a profession is a difficult task. For many children, deciding what they want to be when they grow up is a very difficult task. As a rule, as you grow older, your opinion about choosing your future profession undergoes numerous changes. As students get older, they begin to better understand the responsibility their choices entail.
The modern world offers a huge number of different professions, and the selection process can be quite an exciting experience. When exploring different career options, be sure to take into account your own interests, personality traits, and talents and abilities. The description for a firefighter should include such points as usefulness, relevance, complexity, career opportunities, and so on.
Firefighters don't just put out fires
Firefighters put out fires, but it is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. This process is very dangerous and complex and requires the coordinated work of the entire fire brigade, and it is very important that firefighters also rescue people who are trapped in burning buildings. They provide first aid to victims both in fires and in other emergency situations.
There are also fire inspectors, they check buildings and structures for fire safety - in order to ensure compliance with fire safety rules. They also work with construction workers, visit schools and give educational lectures. There are also fire investigators who work to determine the circumstances surrounding fires. They collect evidence from the scene and interview witnesses.
Not everyone can handle fire science
Work associated with a certain degree of risk requires good health, good physical fitness and resistance to stress. Although the majority of firefighters are men, women are also successfully mastering fire science. Future heroes are trained in special schools and take written and physical tests to ensure that they are ready to perform this difficult and important job, both physically and psychologically.
Fire-breathing element
Fire, like a hungry beast, consumes everything that comes in its way - trees, buildings, fields and meadows. It is a chemical reaction that is fueled by fuel and oxygen, and can continue indefinitely provided the necessary resources are available. Thank God that the profession of firefighter exists (description for children), those brave men and women who have set themselves the goal of protecting the planet from the insatiable elements and irresponsible attitude towards fire.
Despite the noble goals, the firefighting profession is difficult and dangerous. Descriptions for children, depending on their age category, should be constructed wisely. For example, there is no need to tell all the professional hardships to elementary school students. Profession firefighter: description for 1st grade children should be based on the principle of heroism. Representatives of this profession are, first of all, heroes who save people, animals and buildings from fire. It is not at all necessary to mention that firefighters often have to work in darkness and thick smoke, and that any mistake can lead to death.
Special equipment
Firefighting is one of the most difficult tasks in a firefighter's job, and in addition to human resources, it also requires special equipment. This includes suits made of fire-resistant material, gas masks, helmets, pickaxes, axes, and firefighting equipment. Helmets made from carbon are very durable and impact resistant. A special mixture of glass and plastic protects the visors from exposure to elevated temperatures.
Specially equipped, it can transport large volumes of water, sometimes over long distances, to extinguish fires. Typical fire trucks can hold up to 1,900 liters. In addition, there are portable fire extinguishers inside to fight small fires.
For young children, visibility is very important, so an interesting story should be supported by color pictures on the topic under consideration. Already at the beginning of your story, you need to establish a dialogue with students by asking them leading questions. So, when preparing the topic “Profession of a firefighter (description for children),” the summary will include several stages.
Introduction to the topic
You can start your story by citing real-life examples of fires: an unextinguished match, an unextinguished fire in the forest, and so on. Sometimes people can cope with the fire themselves, but it often happens that it is too late to cope with the elements on their own. And who will come to the rescue then? Of course, firefighters. It is these brave and courageous rescuers of human inhabitants and property that will be able to quickly and most importantly - correctly extinguish the resulting flame. Guys, do you remember the phone number to call the fire department? 101? Well done! Today we will get acquainted with such an important and responsible job as the profession of a firefighter (description for children). A photo of the image can be shown at this stage.
Main part
So, today we will find out how a firefighter's working day usually goes. As a rule, one shift lasts a whole day, from 8.00 am to 8.00 am the next day. Are you ready? Then let's go! The day begins with a meeting. Firefighters who have completed a shift inform newly arrived workers about how the duty took place, in other words, they pass the baton. Firefighting equipment is carefully checked, as it may be needed at any time.
An important place in the daily routine is occupied by classes to increase the level of knowledge in the field. More knowledge - more chances to cope with fire. What qualities should a real firefighter have? Children's answers are complemented by the narrator (brave, strong, healthy, responsible, with the skills to respond quickly in an emergency, and so on). After classes, intensive training begins in the gyms, and fire drills are held. All this is done in order to demonstrate all the necessary skills in practice at the right time.
An important role is played by the dispatcher who receives alarm calls. During the call, he finds out what is burning and where, whether there are victims. Then an alarm is declared, the exact location is determined from the map and the shortest path is calculated. The profession of a firefighter is highly respected; they are considered real rescuers who not only extinguish fires, but also save dogs trapped in a hole or cats that cannot get down from a tree on their own.
The children can be shown in pictures what kind of assistants firefighters have. First of all, these are fire engines equipped with a water tank, hoses and a special ladder. Every car has a siren. Who knows why it is needed? Right. To inform other drivers that they must give way. You can ask children other similar questions: how do firefighters put out fires, how do they get into burning buildings, and so on.
Conclusion
Today we met such an important and necessary profession. Let's find out what you've learned. What follows is a conversation in the form of answers to questions: what do firefighters do between calls, do they have special clothing, why the most dangerous time for fires is summer and spring, what a real firefighter should be like, what number to dial during a fire, and others.
In our country every year April 30 noted Firefighter Day.
On this day in 1649, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich signed a decree establishing the first Russian fire service.
The fire service is one of the oldest government agencies in Russia. Back in 1504, during the reign of Ivan III, a fire watchdog was founded in Moscow, and in 1549 Ivan the Terrible issued a decree on fire safety, which obligated all residents to have primary fire extinguishing equipment in every house.
In 1649, 2 documents were published that were directly related to fire safety. The first, the “Order on City Decoration,” essentially laid the organizational foundations for professional fire protection in Moscow.
The order determined the staffing of the fire department, its equipment, constant duty, detours of cities, and established penalties for violations of the rules for handling fire. Moreover, these provisions applied to all Russian cities. For the first time, officials responsible for compliance with fire safety rules appeared.
The second document is the “Code of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich,” which prescribed the rules for handling open fire. Criminal liability was introduced for careless handling of fires and arson.
During the reign of Peter, in order to combat arson, it was decided to organize the first fire service and already in 1722, on the territory of the Admiralty, city residents could see the first Russian firefighters. This team was armed with filler pipes, hooks, buckets, and axes. All types of ships were equipped with the necessary firefighting tools.
To provide fire equipment to military units involved in extinguishing fires, in 1740 the Senate approved standards according to which each regiment was equipped with a large filler pipe, a water vat and canvas; the battalions had to have pitchforks, ladders, a large hook with a chain; the company was equipped with axes, buckets, a shield, shovels, hand pipes, and hooks. In 1747, all government agencies were equipped with fire equipment.
In 1857, the first fire regulations in Russia were published. It strictly prescribed precautionary measures and the procedure for compensation for losses, as well as the internal procedures of fire departments.
Since 1858, the military-police telegraph began to be used for firefighting purposes, and in the nineties - the telephone and electric fire alarm.
A special uniform was introduced for firefighters: for the fire chief - a helmet, gilded, with the army coat of arms, a ceremonial half-caftan of dark green cloth, double-breasted, with silver embroidery, trousers, boots, and a sword. For an ordinary firefighter - a bronze helmet with scales, a gray semi-caftan, blue shoulder straps, trousers, boots, and a cover for an ax.
The creation of the Russian Firefighting Society in 1892 (since 1907 - Imperial) played a major role in the development of voluntary fire brigades.
In 1907, the first fire truck appeared in Moscow. In the same year, a fire alarm was installed for the first time in Kitai-Gorod.
In March 1999, the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation issued an order to consider April 30 as a professional holiday for fire department workers, in commemoration of the 350th anniversary of the Order on City Decoration.
Currently, fire safety activities are regulated by more than 10 federal laws and legal acts of the Government of the Russian Federation.
The most important event occurred at the end of the twentieth century. For the first time in Russia in its entire history, on November 18, 1994, the State Duma adopted Federal Law "On Fire Safety", which determined the general economic, legal and social foundations for ensuring fire safety in the Russian Federation.
A new stage in the development of the fire service was the creation of the state fire and rescue service. On November 9, 2001, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On Improving State Administration in the Field of Fire Safety” was issued, according to which the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation was transformed into the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations and disaster relief."
Thanks to the Russian fire service, up to 450 thousand fires are prevented annually and material assets worth 45 billion rubles are preserved.
From time immemorial, fires have been one of the most serious disasters in Rus'. The chronicles are full of descriptions of how the fiery element destroyed cities, villages, and forests.
Russia first
Attempts to solve the problem of fires at the legislative level have been made more than once. The most significant steps were taken during the reign Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov. It was then that the “Order on City Decoration” came out. Its historical value lay in the fact that for the first time the main features and attributes of a professional fire department were provided for: permanent paid personnel, the presence of water pipes, round-the-clock duty patrols of the city and punishment of residents guilty of arson.
Firefighters of the Russian Empire in uniform from different times. 1903 Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org / Karl Karlovich Bulla
At Emperor Nicholas I The systematic organization of fire brigades and the widespread construction of depots to accommodate them began. One of the attractions of Russian cities is the fire tower. It was the highest point, from where you could see not only the city outskirts, but also nearby villages.
During the 19th century. Fire-fighting equipment factories were opened in St. Petersburg and Moscow. They produced pumps, folding ladders, and in 1904 the first fire truck was manufactured at the Frese and Co. factory. Scientific and technical thought in Russia has always been distinguished by boldness of search and originality of solutions. Thus, it was in Russia that a manual foam fire extinguisher was first developed and tested.
Fire protection. Moscow, 1900. Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org
Both people and robots
Firefighters are not without work even today. Here's the latest summary. 56 people were evacuated from the burning hospital in Nizhny Tagil by the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In Khakassia, a steppe fire spread to one and a half dozen country houses - it was necessary to use a helicopter with a drainage device. And in the Amur region, Primorsky and Trans-Baikal territories, due to the threat of forest fires near populated areas, a state of emergency was introduced. 3.5 thousand people came out to fight the elements there.
“However, the largest number of fires is still registered in the residential sector - about 70% of the total,” says Boris Borzov, Chief State Inspector of the Russian Federation for Fire Supervision. “Their main reasons are non-compliance with fire safety rules and such phenomena as unemployment and excessive alcohol consumption.”
The State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia annually prevents up to 450 thousand fires. A list of seasonal operations has been developed - “Housing”, “Summer”, “Children’s holidays”. They give their results. Thus, Operation “Children's Recreation” includes briefings and classes with camp staff, the formation of voluntary squads from among their employees, holding competitions among children and competitions in fire and rescue sports. As a result, over the past 5 years, not a single fire resulting in loss of life has occurred in summer camps.
Now the State Fire Service has the most modern equipment at its disposal. These are cars of various purposes, all-terrain vehicles, and robotic systems. For example, the Pelican robot can withstand extremely high temperatures and is capable of extinguishing fires in tunnels, railway stations, and industrial enterprises. Russian firefighters have unmanned aerial vehicles in their arsenal. They can conduct reconnaissance and deliver fire extinguishing agents and rescue devices to high-rise buildings.
For the first time, a Russian became the Secretary General of the International Civil Defense Organization (ICDO). ICDO permanent members are 53 countries, another 16 are observers. Its goals are to establish communication between national civil defense organizations, research in the field of public protection, exchange of experience and coordination of efforts on prevention, preparedness and action in emergency situations. From now on, the ICDO is headed by Vladimir Kuvshinov, who was responsible for coordinating international cooperation in the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations.
We thank the Department for organizing public information of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for their assistance in preparing the material.
Fire department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations
The fire department of Russia consists of the state fire service, municipal fire department, departmental fire department, private fire department, and voluntary fire department. These fire departments are organized by volume, scale, and vertical.
The state fire service is, in essence, exactly the fire service that we all know and call if a fire occurs. This is both the federal and territorial fire service.
If you have decided in advance to think about what to give to a firefighter on the Day of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, New Year, February 23 or Fire Department Day, then you should pay attention to high-quality.
Structure and divisions of the Russian fire service
Municipal fire protection includes all bodies, forces and means that create municipalities in cooperation with or as a supplement to the state fire protection. The specified security is created by local governments in municipal areas, in small municipalities - rural districts, settlements, cities, for example, the Moscow fire department.
Departmental fire protection is a body that is created by federal executive authorities and organizations to ensure such important conditions as fire safety and security.
Private fire protection is an integral part of the fire safety system created in organizations and populated areas. Private fire organizations enter into contracts for the provision of fire safety services.
Voluntary fire protection is a form of voluntary participation of the population in the implementation of the primary stage of fire safety.
The fire department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, among its main tasks, organizes fire prevention, resolves issues of rescuing people and property in fires, organizes fire extinguishing and carries out emergency rescue operations.
Fire fighting is an action aimed at extinguishing fires and saving people and property. Emergency rescue work carried out by fire departments is the rescue of people, property, bringing to a minimum level the effects of hazardous factors that are typical in emergencies, disasters and accidents.
Issues of organizing and implementing fire prevention are a set of preventive measures that are aimed at preventing the occurrence of fires and limiting their consequences. These are complex events of a propaganda, informational, technical and organizational nature.
Activities and history of the fire department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation
The activities of the fire department do not include prevention, elimination of conflicts of an interethnic and socio-political nature, or mass riots. The functions of individual agencies are separated by federal law because fighting fires is different from maintaining public order.
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The state fire service is an integral part of the forces ensuring the safety of people, society and the state. There are many structures designed to protect people, society and the state in Russia. We are talking about the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, internal affairs bodies, the Federal Security Service, Internal Troops, etc.
The history of the fire department suggests that this service is deservedly placed on a par with other protective agencies in the country. The fire department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations coordinates the activities of all types of fire protection. The legislation considers the state fire service to be the leading force in the fight against fires and their consequences. All other fire services are under its jurisdiction.
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The Ministry of Emergency Situations is a ministry that is authorized to resolve the entire range of fire safety issues. The Ministry of Emergency Situations consists, among other structures, of the Department of Fire and Rescue Forces, Civil Defense Forces and Special Fire Brigade. Each subject of the Russian Federation has a structural unit of the ministry that implements state policy in the field of fire safety.
The system of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation includes state fire supervision bodies. Their general task is to identify and suppress offenses in the field of fire safety, punish the perpetrators, and ensure that violations of the law are eliminated.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations system operates a number of fire-technical, research, and educational institutions that are designed to develop new equipment, materials, operating procedures that are used to ensure fire safety, as well as train qualified personnel.
Where are fire department specialists trained in Russia?
First of all, it is worth mentioning:
Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation;
St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation;
Ivanovo Institute of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation;
State educational institution of secondary vocational education "Technical Fire and Rescue College";
Voronezh Fire-Technical School of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation;
Ural Institute of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation and other organizations.
It is obvious that the Russian fire service is very attentive to the personnel issue.
Fire departments exist at every airport, seaport, nuclear power plant, oil refinery and other large facilities. They carry out fire protection tasks for these objects, but can extinguish other objects if necessary. Serious firefighting measures are being taken to ensure the safety of military airfields, cosmodromes, and training grounds.
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What does fire protection and safety include?
The Russian fire service performs the following main functions:
Organizes and carries out state fire supervision on the territory of Russia, excluding facilities at which other state bodies perform the functions of state fire supervision;
Organizes and carries out fire prevention;
Organizes and carries out fire extinguishing, carries out emergency rescue operations, saves people and property at sites and closed administrative and territorial entities that are of critical importance in matters of national security of the country, as well as at other fire-hazardous sites of increased value related to the cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation Federations;
Coordinates the activities of other types of fire protection, based on the legislation of the Russian Federation;
Provides scientific and technical support for fire safety and coordinates scientific research in the field of fire safety;
Organizes, to the extent of its competence, the training in its own educational institutions of specialists to work in the fire department and organizations;
Provides methodological guidance and control over activities to educate the population on fire safety issues, organizes the training of officials to work in government bodies dealing with fire safety issues.
The Federal Fire Service is engaged in:
Carrying out prevention, fire extinguishing, emergency rescue operations at facilities considered critical to the national security of the country, at federal level events where large gatherings of people are expected, at sensitive and especially important organizations;
Implementation of state scientific and technical policy in the field of fire safety;
Monitoring the implementation of normative legal acts and technical regulations by local government bodies;
Implementation of operational management of all types of fire protection, means and forces that are involved in extinguishing fires;
Providing professional training, retraining, advanced training of personnel, ensuring training of officials on fire safety issues.
If a citizen of the Russian Federation decides to throw in his lot with the civil defense forces, he must submit an application to the military commissariat where he is registered. The following documents are submitted along with the application:
Application form for applicants under a contract for military service, filled out in the prescribed form;
Autobiography, in free form, handwritten;
Copies of documents, certified in accordance with the established procedure, with confirmation of professional or other education;
Copies of children's birth and marriage certificates;
Photo 9-12 cm (full face);
A copy of the birth certificate;
Job description from the place of last study or work;
Extract from the house register.
Where to buy gifts for Firefighter Day and how to congratulate rescuers on the holiday?
It is known that in Rus', where forest has been the main building material since ancient times, one of the most terrible disasters was fires, which often destroyed entire cities. And although they were considered a punishment from God, this did not stop them from waging a decisive fight against them. That is why the history of fire protection in Russia is very rich and goes back centuries.
Attempts to fight fire in previous centuries
Since at all times fires have been a serious obstacle to the development of the state, the supreme power tried to take measures as far as possible. There are many examples of this, even in centuries gone by. One of the historical documents that has reached us tells how, after the terrible Moscow fire that broke out in 1472, the great Ivan III (the grandfather of Ivan the Terrible), who personally participated in extinguishing it, issued a number of decrees, from which, in fact, the development of fire protection in Russia.
Both the Rurikovichs and the Romanovs who replaced them were also very determined to fight fire. A number of their decrees are known, ordering the construction of only stone structures in cities (and especially in Moscow), erecting them at a safe distance from each other and taking all measures against fire. For those who, having violated the instructions, became the culprit of the fiery disaster, the strictest punishments were provided - so that science would be for others.
Fires of Old Rus'
But no matter how they whipped the violators, no matter how much they demanded that during the hot summer months food should be cooked only in courtyards, without lighting a fire in wooden buildings, nothing helped. There is hardly a single ancient Russian city that would have been spared by fire without repeatedly turning its houses into ashes, because in those years there was no regular fire service.
In Veliky Novgorod, a fire in 1212 destroyed 4,300 households in a matter of hours, killing many residents. In 1354, it took only two hours for the all-consuming flame to turn not only the Kremlin, but also the surrounding suburbs into smoking ruins. The year 1547 is also sadly remembered, when another fiery disaster claimed several thousand lives in the Mother See. The creation of a fire department in Russia was an urgent requirement of life and was a response to the challenge posed by the elements.
Birth of the regular fire service
A big step in this direction was made during the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (father of Peter I). In 1649, the “Conciliar Code”, developed by him, was published - a set of laws of the Russian state that was in force for almost two hundred years. Eight of his articles were devoted to issues related not only to cities and villages, but also, importantly, to forests.
In the same year, another important document appeared - “Order on city deanery.” It is with this that the history of the Russian fire service begins, since it prescribes the creation of a regular service on a professional basis, the employees of which are given a fixed salary.
It also provided for the introduction of round-the-clock watches, which included going around cities and punishing those who violated the established rules for handling fire. An impetus was also given to the development of technical fire extinguishing means - it was recommended to use water pipes to fight fire, which became the predecessors of modern fire nozzles. This is how a regular fire service appeared in Russia.
Development of fire fighting before the revolution
The work begun by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich was continued by his son, Peter I. During his reign, the history of the Russian fire service reached a new qualitative level. Taking fire fighting in European countries as a model, he significantly modernized the technical equipment of Russian services, purchasing fire pumps for them abroad, equipped with leather hoses and copper fire nozzles. During the reign of Peter the first fire department was created under the St. Petersburg Admiralty. In Moscow, a full-time fire brigade appeared much later - only in 1804, by order of Emperor Alexander I.
During the reign of the next Romanov - Emperor Nicholas I - regular fire services ceased to be the property of only St. Petersburg and Moscow. From this time on, their creation began throughout Russia, and a fire station with a tower towering above it became an indispensable attribute of each city. Very often this building was the tallest in the city, and from it it was possible to view even nearby villages. If a fire was detected, a signal flag was raised at the top of the tower, and residents were informed about the scale of the disaster with special balloons, the number of which was directly proportional to the area of the fire.
The history of fire protection in Russia in the 19th century was also marked by the creation of a number of enterprises for the production of equipment necessary for fire fighting. In Moscow and St. Petersburg, fire pumps and hoses for them, and hooks were produced, and with the advent of the first cars, equipment was produced that made it possible to use them to fight fire.
Organization of fire fighting after the revolution
The Bolshevik government that came to power in 1917 also paid great attention to the organization of fire protection. Already in April of the following year, it issues a corresponding decree and establishes the post of Commissioner for Insurance and Fire Fighting. M. T. Elizarov was the first to be appointed to this position.
The country owes him the implementation in the shortest possible time of the measures provided for by the decree and the creation of an extensive network of fire stations in the country. The following year, by government decree, the Central Fire Department was introduced into the structure of the NKVD, which has since exercised centralized management of fire services throughout the country.
Moscow conference and Leningrad technical school
In order to further develop the fire department, the All-Russian Fire Conference was held in Moscow in 1923, in which, in addition to delegations arriving from various cities of the country, guests from Belarus, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Georgia also took part. It is important to note that at the conference special attention was paid to the issues of fire prevention and it was considered advisable for each fire department to have an appropriate specialist.
The next important step in the fight against fire was the Fire College, which opened in 1924 in Leningrad. Its graduates became the personnel basis on which in subsequent years the national fire supervision system was formed, which later included Russia. This structure, new at that time, developed with the active assistance of the Komsomol and
The contribution of science and industry to firefighting
In the mid-twenties, the production of domestic fire fighting equipment received significant impetus. Along with numerous models of pumps, mechanical ladders and smoke exhausters, the first Soviet ones also appeared. By the end of 1927, their fleet across the country amounted to more than four hundred units. In the thirties, serious scientific developments began, carried out within the walls of two specialized testing laboratories, in which graduates of the Faculty of Fire Service Engineers, created in the same years, worked.
Firefighters during the war
The history of the Russian fire service during the Great Patriotic War became one of the pages of the heroic epic of those years. Fire brigade fighters saved numerous residential and industrial facilities from fire that had become targets of enemy bombing and artillery shelling. In Leningrad alone, more than two thousand people died during the siege. It is no coincidence that during the Victory Parade, fire departments marched along Red Square along with all combat units.
One of the problems of modern life
Experts state that in the modern world there is an increase in the number of fires, and the socio-economic consequences of them are becoming increasingly severe. Every year, about five million fires are registered around the globe, in which more than one hundred thousand people die, and material losses from them are measured in tens of millions of dollars. Natural fires - peat and forest fires, as well as those occurring in emergency oil and gas developments - are also a serious disaster.
All this forces specialists to expand the search for new means of fighting fire and improve existing ones. It should be noted that long-standing traditions have developed in this direction in Russia. It was in our country that foam fire extinguishing technology was used for the first time in the world, the best hydrant design in the world was developed, and the first portable fire extinguisher appeared.
Russian Firefighters Day
The modern fire service is a complex and multifunctional system, which is entrusted with the responsibility of extinguishing fires of varying complexity. As a rule, tactical tasks are carried out by the duty guard, but in some cases special units are involved, which includes the special fire brigade of Russia. In this case, we are talking about localizing fires that threaten particularly severe consequences (oil and gas rigs, nuclear facilities, weapons depots, and so on).
Russians treat those who protect their lives and property from the fire elements with respect and gratitude. In 1999, a government decree was signed, on the basis of which a holiday appeared - Russian Fire Protection Day, celebrated annually on April 30. This day was not chosen by chance - it was on April 30, 1649 that the above-mentioned “Order on City Decoration” appeared, which became the birthday of the Russian fire service.