Tests 

Which object does not belong to wildlife. Objects of animate and inanimate nature. Relationship on the example of plants

Nature is a capacious concept that includes all the objects around us created without human intervention, although we are also part of it. From school textbooks, since childhood, we have been accustomed to dividing this concept into two separate categories: living and inanimate nature. The differences between them are so striking that even preschoolers can distinguish one from the other.

What is related to wildlife? It consists of animals, people, insects, fish, birds, all plants, that is, objects that can grow and multiply, eat and breathe, drink and die. During the period of existence, they change their appearance, size, they can hurt, suffer, feel.

Inanimate nature is immutable and permanent objects that do not need food and drink, they do not multiply and do not grow. If any changes occur, then over a long period, sometimes invisible to the human eye.

These two types of nature are so closely related to each other that they could hardly exist separately. After all, every living being needs the warmth and light of the Sun, water in order not to feel thirsty, air in order to breathe. Wind helps plants pollinate and reproduce by seeds. The soil provides nutrients to plants, which people and animals then feed on. It is possible to make up many ecological chains, in each of which inanimate nature necessarily takes part. It is the basis of all life on Earth.

The main signs of inanimate nature

If we compare objects of animate and inanimate nature, then certain distinctive features are immediately evident, according to which it is possible to give a clear definition of inanimate nature. These are the following properties:

  • Resilience to external changes. Even after millennia, the ocean will remain the same blue, the stone will remain solid, and the peaks of the mountains will just as reliably support the vault of heaven. Every day we see the Sun above our head during the day, and the Moon at night. Even if the landscape around us changes in the process of weathering or exposure to water, this does not happen in one day, but over many centuries.
  • They don't need to eat.
  • No air required for breathing.
  • They don't breed.
  • They do not grow and do not collapse on their own, and are also not able to move. You can quite reasonably object, because rivers flow, but this is due to a decrease in the level of the surface of the earth on which they move along the channel.

Changes in inanimate nature

Changes in the existence of inanimate objects occur slowly. Mountains are formed as a result of shifts in the lithospheric plates and increase slightly in size over time, but in a year the height can change by only 1 cm. Abrupt changes in inanimate nature are cataclysms such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding or hurricanes. As a result of the impact of wind and water, mountains can collapse, the outlines of the banks of rivers and lakes can change. Stones gradually turn into sand and dust, salt can dissolve in water.

The most striking transformation of inanimate nature on the planet is considered to be a change in the state of water. It can evaporate, rise into the air, fall in the form of precipitation back to the surface of the earth. From the cold, the liquid turns into a solid stone.

Different states of objects

The traditional classification of all inanimate objects of nature is the union in connection with the state of matter. Thus, three main groups can be distinguished:

  • gases;
  • liquids;
  • solids.

There are objects of inanimate nature, such as water, which happens in all of the listed states, but basically they retain one of the properties throughout the entire period of existence. Let us consider in more detail what applies to inanimate nature, later in the article.

Solids

Bodies that have a high density are called solids. They perfectly retain their shape for a long time. We list the most common substances of this type:

  • the mountains;
  • stones;
  • minerals;
  • minerals;
  • the soil;
  • glaciers;
  • sand;
  • planets;
  • asteroids;
  • gems.

Many students, when asked: "The sun and the moon - is it living or inanimate nature?" - answer correctly: "Inanimate". However, let's think about what objects these celestial bodies can be attributed to. As everyone knows, the Moon is a huge stone, which, from constant rotation, has turned into a round object. But about the Sun, many will give a not so confident answer. In some sources, it is classified as a solid body, however, due to the enormous temperature, all substances, even metals, on its surface are in a liquid state. Yes, and in the composition of the solar structure, scientists have discovered a lot of gases. So the question remains without a definite answer.

Liquids

These are fluid substances that do not have their own form, but take the form of the vessel in which they are located. This is an intermediate state between solids and gases. The most common liquid on Earth is water.

Without it, the life of all living beings is impossible. Water is a habitat for fish and mammals, invertebrates and molluscs. Thanks to water, plants grow and in general life on the planet became possible.

In order for liquids to maintain their state, a certain temperature is necessary, and it is separate for each substance. Even solid metals from the heat of a blast furnace can become liquid. For sale, gas is also converted into liquid, so that all states of inanimate nature are very relative and interconnected with each other.

gases

Gaseous substances do not retain either volume or shape. Their molecules have weak bonds and are located far from each other, and also have high mobility.

Air is considered the most common gas on Earth. The atmosphere not only serves to protect the planet from solar radiation, but also participates in the respiration of all living beings. Without air, neither people, nor animals, nor plants can live. There is also gas in the bowels of the Earth, people use it for their own economic purposes.

Most people in childhood played "living - inanimate". The details of the game in each case may differ, but the essence is that the leader names the item, and the players must decide which group to attribute it to. However, is everything so simple in assigning status to this or that object?

This article with illustrative pictures and examples, as well as tasks for self-preparation and self-testing, will help you understand the concepts of “object” and “phenomenon of nature”, their classification and what features they have, and will also help you remember once and for all the differences between the words “living ' and 'non-living'.

Lesson topic: "Objects of animate and inanimate nature"

Everything that surrounds us, but not made by human hands, that is, what was created without his participation, all organic and inorganic components of the Universe are called nature. The science in which scientists have collected basic knowledge about objects and phenomena on Earth is called natural science.

Educational pictures for kids

Live nature

Living is that which breathes, eats, grows and multiplies, as, for example, insects, plants, fungi, animals, and man himself.

Examples in pictures

Signs of wildlife

The main features of living objects are:

  • birth, development and growth;
  • reproduction;
  • nutrition;
  • breath;
  • motion;
  • death.

Thus, any organism after birth eventually grows into an adult (from a seed / kitten / chick / baby to a tree / cat / bird / adult), capable of producing offspring.

Throughout the life cycle, wildlife objects need food (water for plants, plants for herbivores, meat for carnivores) and an air environment that is necessary and suitable for breathing (to absorb the necessary gas-air mixture from water, fish and other inhabitants of aquatic open spaces have gills, land animals and humans pass air through their lungs, and plants have special cells to absorb carbon dioxide).

Living organisms have the ability to move: for example, a person has legs, animals have paws, fish have fins and a tail, and plants turn their leaves towards the sun, thereby moving, like him, from east to west during the day).

The life cycle ends with death when the body stops breathing, moving, absorbing food.

Inanimate nature

Objects such as air, wind, clouds, water, snow, mountains, sand, fallen leaves are inanimate objects of nature. And although there are objects that are capable of movement (waterfall, snowfall, leaf fall) or growth (mountains), they cannot breathe, eat and reproduce, unlike living objects.

Examples in pictures

Signs of inanimate objects of nature

Unlike objects of wildlife, inanimate bodies do not grow, do not eat, do not breathe, and so on. So they are different:

  • stability;
  • little variability;
  • inability and lack of need to eat and breathe;
  • inability to reproduce;
  • inability to move and grow.

For example, a mountain, having appeared once on Earth, will not disappear and will not die, it can only change its state (for example, collapse and gradually turn into dust under the influence of precipitation or winds); the sea also cannot die, since water only changes its state of aggregation (it can be in the form of water, steam or ice, depending on atmospheric conditions, such as temperature or pressure), so the evaporation of water from a reservoir leads to the formation of clouds and clouds that rain down. The so-called "growth" of a mountain or lake also cannot be attributed to a sign of living nature, since this does not occur due to the formation of new cells, but due to the addition of new parts to already existing parts of objects.

Communication of natural objects

Without objects of inanimate nature, the existence of living organisms would be impossible. So, the most important are soil, water, air and sun.

  • The soil is an extremely important environment, as it protects living organisms from toxins, neutralizing them, and significant physical and chemical processes take place in it: dead animals and plants decompose and form minerals and natural fertilizer for plants.
  • Air is necessary for the respiration of living organisms, as well as for the formation of nutrients in other environments.
  • Water is also essential for all life on earth. Without it, life on the planet could not appear and exist. For some animals and plants, water is their home, for others it is an essential part of their diet.
  • The sun produces the heat and energy necessary for the emergence and maintenance of life, and is also part of the process of plant photosynthesis, which allows the conversion of carbon dioxide (a product of the respiration of animals and humans) into oxygen necessary for life and respiration.

Thus, the objects of nature are closely related. Moreover, this dependence works in both directions. Thus, the decay of dead creatures enriches the soil with essential substances and trace elements, terrestrial and underwater plants change the composition of the environment due to photosynthesis, and fish living in reservoirs maintain the physicochemical properties of water.

Object interaction schemes

The interaction of living organisms with each other, with groups of other earthly creatures, as well as with their habitat, is studied by the science of ecology. The diagrams below are models of the relationship between living and non-living objects on Earth.

The concept of a natural phenomenon


The concept of a natural phenomenon


Changes in nature that occur independently, not by the will of man, are called natural phenomena. Most of them depend on the change of seasons and are called seasonal weather (natural) phenomena. Since nature is divided into living and non-living, phenomena are also divided according to the same principle.

Examples of wildlife phenomena

  • Winter

It would seem that nature "sleeps" in winter. However, most animals in winter acquire offspring in their cozy, specially prepared houses. By spring, the kids will grow up and be ready to enter a new big world for them.

  • spring

In spring, nature "comes to life" after winter. Animals that have raised a new generation come out of their minks. Many animals shed their winter "fur coats" and change color from winter white to summer gray or brown.

Young plants, green grass begin to appear from under the fallen snow, buds swell and bloom on the trees. Gradually, the bare branches of the trees “grow” with bright green foliage, and the blooming flowers begin to emit pleasant aromas, thereby attracting the attention of insects. Insects pollinate flowers, gathering food for their large families and allowing the first fruits to set.

  • Summer

Flowering and pollination, as well as fruit ripening, which began in spring, continue throughout the summer.

  • autumn

Autumn is the season of harvests and preparations. Birds and animals begin to stock up on ripe fruits for the winter, arrange their houses so that they are warm and comfortable to breed.

The plants dry up, the leaves on the trees turn bright reds and yellows, and then fall off.

Examples of inanimate phenomena

  • in winter

Winter is always associated with a drop in temperature. This is due to the fact that the sun's rays either do not reach the ground due to increased cloudiness, or are reflected from snow and ice.

The most characteristic phenomena for winter are snowfall (falling to the ground of frozen water particles in the form of snow), a blizzard (transfer of falling snow over long distances due to strong winds) and freezing (covering the surfaces of reservoirs with a crust of ice).

  • spring

Under the influence of solar energy, the air and soil warm up, an increase in temperature is observed. Snow and ice begin to melt, streams flow on the ground, broken ice floes float along the rivers, snowfall is replaced by rain.

A frequent spring natural phenomenon is a thunderstorm (discharges of electricity in the atmosphere).

  • Summer

Rain and thunderstorms occur throughout the summer. Heat (high air temperatures) is also added to summer phenomena.

The brightest weather phenomenon is a rainbow that occurs after rain or heavy rain as a result of the refraction of the sun's rays in water droplets and the division of white into a spectrum.

  • autumn

The most remarkable autumn phenomenon can be called leaf fall (the process when trees shed their leaves in anticipation of winter).

Also in autumn, prolonged rains, fogs, temperature drops and frosts are common.

Tasks for self-test

  1. Determine what is living and what is inanimate nature in the picture. Why?
  2. Make a report with a presentation on the topic “The main differences between animate and inanimate nature. Examples".
  3. Prepare a drawing diagram with objects of living and inanimate nature.

If you carefully look at our world, you can suddenly find that we are surrounded everywhere by bodies of inanimate nature. First of all, these are the Sun, the Moon, air, wind, mountains, ravines, water, rivers, lakes, forests, minerals, stones and even planets and galaxies.

These are objects of inanimate nature that are never born, do not feed, do not multiply, and also do not die. At the same time, they are characterized by stability and relatively low variability. If a living organism is born, lives and dies, then everything related to inanimate nature practically does not change.

For example, mountains, once formed, stand unchanged for several millennia, and the planets both revolve around the Sun and will continue to rotate (unless, of course, any global cataclysm occurs). In addition, exactly how inanimate nature “lives” can be observed using the example of constantly changing water and seasons:

  • In winter, the water turns into snow, icicles and ice;
  • In spring, ice crystals turn into water;
  • In summer, it evaporates, transforming into steam - small water droplets rising into the air;
  • In autumn, she returns to our world in the form of rain.

Inanimate nature is strongly connected with living nature and interacts closely with it. Inanimate nature forces living organisms to adapt to various conditions of the world around them (humidity, temperature, soil), since one of its signs is a combination of various substances and energy, for example:

  • The sun is a source of heat and light for almost all living organisms - without them, they simply cannot exist;
  • If access to air or water is blocked for wildlife, they will die;
  • Both air and water must be clean, otherwise irreversible changes may well occur in a living organism.

On the other hand, representatives of the animal world also influence the inanimate elements of our planet with their vital activity (for example, plants and animals fertilize the soil in every possible way, cleanse the world from various types of waste).

Concept classification

The very concept of "inanimate nature" is so broad that one specific science is not able to study all its elements, so chemistry, physics, geology, astronomy, and other disciplines deal with this.

At the same time, a clear definition for such a simple concept still does not exist, despite the fact that scientists nevertheless identified the characteristic features for it, and classified the inanimate nature itself as follows:

  1. Elementary particles;
  2. Atoms;
  3. Chemical elements;
  4. Celestial bodies, stars;
  5. Galaxy;
  6. Universe.

Characteristic

One of the main features that distinguish the matter of inanimate nature is that its constituent elements, despite the apparent complexity, are quite simple and have a solid form. Often this form can pass from one to another, some ions will replace others, but their essence will remain the same. For example, if we are talking about a crystal, its crystal lattice, no matter what, will remain the same:

  • the crystal itself has a solid structure;
  • if the temperature indicators of the world around him rise significantly (for example, under the influence of a volcano), the solid body will melt, and the molecules or ions that it contains will begin to move randomly, thereby creating Brownian motion;
  • if the temperature does not stop increasing, then the liquid into which the crystal has been transformed will boil and steam (gas) will be released;
  • Under favorable circumstances, under the influence of the outside world, the crystal is able to recover and acquire a modified, and in some cases, the original form.

When carbon is combined with certain gases, for example, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, incredible effects are created that we feel on ourselves, and, not knowing exactly how they were formed, we ask frequent questions - why does the wind blow in this world and of just such force, why the sky is blue, how clouds appear, what is the water cycle in nature.

Unlike living organisms, one of the signs of inanimate nature is that it is not able to reproduce its own kind, that is, it does not give offspring. At the same time, once having appeared in the world, inanimate matter almost never disappears and does not die - except that under the influence of time, a transition to another state is possible. For example, a stone after some period (here much depends on its constituent elements) may well turn into dust, but, having changed, and even disintegrating, it will not cease to exist.

Everything related to inanimate nature does not grow. Despite the fact that some of its objects change outwardly (for example, quartz or salt crystals) and seem to increase in size, in fact they do not grow. At least, since it is done by living organisms that take food inside and, digesting it, form their body. As for crystals, they increase only due to other crystals clinging to them.

Objects related to the world of inanimate nature have another characteristic feature - they do not need food, they never feel thirsty, they do not breathe.

Inanimate nature reacts passively to everything - for example, if you push a stone, it will simply fly off by inertia in a given direction, fall, maybe roll somewhere, but eventually stop and remain lying until the next impact.

Or, despite the fact that the water in the rivers moves, it does this due to the fact that the elements of which it consists are extremely weakly interconnected, trying to take the lowest place, thus forming a current.

website: the most interesting about inanimate nature

On our site, you will definitely be able to get to know inanimate nature better and learn better about such seemingly elementary things as the water cycle in nature, where clouds come from, why the wind blows, a tornado is formed and other interesting facts from the life of our planet.

Nature is everything that surrounds us and is not created with the participation of man. So, the forests, mountains, seas, stars surrounding us are nature. But houses, books, cars, spaceships do not belong to nature.

In nature, living and non-living objects are distinguished. It is customary to refer to the living everything that is able to independently live, develop, grow, feed, multiply. These are plants, animals, and, of course, the man himself.

Signs of wildlife objects

The main features of wildlife include the ability of the body to complete the following life cycle:

  • Birth, growth and development. So, a whole tree grows from a seed, a baby becomes an adult.
  • Reproduction. Objects of wildlife are capable of producing their own kind.
  • Nutrition. All living beings need food: plants ask for water, animals feed on grass, plants or other animals.
  • Breath. All living organisms have respiratory organs: in humans and many animals they are lungs, in fish - gills, in plants - cells that absorb carbon dioxide.
  • Motion. Unlike most objects of inanimate nature, living organisms move: animals and humans move on their legs, paws, plants turn after the sun, bloom flowers.
  • Dying is the final cycle of an organism's life. After an object of living nature ceases to absorb food, breathe and move, it dies and passes into the category of objects of inanimate nature. So, a tree is an object of wildlife, but a felled trunk already belongs to inanimate nature.

All these abilities are inherent only to living organisms. That is, those objects that grow, multiply, feed, breathe and are classified as objects of wildlife.

Unlike objects of living nature, non-living ones are incapable of such actions. For example, a ray of the Sun, the Moon, a comet, sand, stone, rock, water, snow are objects of inanimate nature. Despite the fact that many of them are able to move (for example, water in a river), others grow (for example, mountains), these objects do not reproduce, do not feed, they do not have respiratory organs.

But plants that do not move are capable of nutrition and respiration, and therefore belong to wildlife.

Wildlife objects: examples

In biology, the following types of living things are distinguished:

Microorganisms are the oldest forms of life on our planet. The first microorganisms appeared billions of years ago. Microorganisms live there. Where there is water. Their main feature is their incredible resilience, as microorganisms survive under almost any conditions. They are classified as objects of wildlife because they consume food (water and nutrients) and can multiply and grow. And they die over time.

Microorganisms include various types of bacteria, viruses, fungi.

Plants. The world of flora on earth is unusually large and multifaceted. Starting from single-celled algae like ciliates-shoes or amoeba and ending with giant cedars or baobabs, all plants belong to wildlife. First, they are able to grow and reproduce. Secondly, all plants need nutrition, some of which is obtained from water, some from the soil. Thirdly, plants move: unfold and fold leaves, shed leaves and flowers, open buds, turn after the sun. Fourth, plants breathe by taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.

However, it is worth remembering that after dying, plants pass into the class of objects of inanimate nature.

Animals- another variety of wildlife objects, the most numerous, since this includes a wide variety of species: mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, insects. Representatives of the fauna are also capable of reproduction, they breathe and feed, move and grow, adapting to environmental conditions.

Man- the highest stage of development of a living organism. It is a person who has all the abilities of an object of living nature: a person is born, grows, produces his own kind, eats, breathes and, in the end, dies.

Interaction of animate and inanimate nature

All objects of animate and inanimate nature are closely interconnected and influence each other. So, the Sun is an object of inanimate nature. But without its warmth and energy, the existence of life is impossible. The same can be said about water, which served as the source of the origin of life on our planet.

All living organisms breathe. Therefore, to survive, they need air, which is an object of inanimate nature.

With the help of stars and the Sun, birds orient themselves in flight, a person determines the cycles for growing plants with their help.

In turn, living nature also influences objects of inanimate nature. So, when building cities, a person drains swamps and destroys mountains, plants, releasing oxygen, change the structure of the air, some animal species dig holes, choosing an object of inanimate nature - soil for their dwelling.

At the same time, it must be remembered that inanimate nature is primary, basic. We draw everything we need from inanimate nature, from there we get water, air, heat and energy, without which life is impossible.

Irina Baranova
Synopsis of GCD on the natural world “What is nature? Living and non-living nature»

Target: To teach children to distinguish natural objects from artificial, man-made, living objects nature - from objects of inanimate nature. To form in the child an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe inextricable connection of a person with nature(man is a part nature) .

The teacher reads a poem by L. Daineko:

Here on earth is a huge house

Blue roof.

Sun, rain and thunder live in it,

Forest and sea surf,

Birds and flowers live in it,

Cheerful sound of the stream.

You live in that bright house

And all your friends.

Wherever the roads lead,

You will always be in it.

The nature of native land

This house is called.

Are you familiar with the word « nature» . And what does it mean?

The children express their opinions about such is nature, and lead examples: sun, air, water, plants, animals, birds.

Why do you attribute this or that object to nature? What can't be named nature? (What is made by human hands) And the car is in nature(no, because it was made by human hands; but a horse and a camel, which a person also rides, are already nature. Man them only tamed, made them home, they existed without him in nature).

Nature is that that exists without human help, and "not nature» - it's all that is made by human hands.

A game « Nature is not nature» .

What to treat nature has to stand, and if not nature - clap.

The teacher calls the words: car, oak, dandelion, computer, anthill, snowflake, icicle, ice cream, TV, cloud, umbrella, rain, deer, book, pencil, icicle.

Guys, why do you need nature?

Meaning nature for man.

1. Admire beauty.

2. Gives heat, light, air, water, food.

3. Gives different materials for the economy.

4. Gives us the joy of discovery

5. Protects our health

6. Teaches us kindness.

caregiver: All nature The lands can be divided into two huge peace: world inanimate nature and the world of wildlife. On one easel, a picture is displayed alive and inanimate nature. Wildlife is what moves, grows, develops, dies, multiplies.

A game « Living nature - inanimate nature»

If a alive hands up, inanimate - hands down.

Sun, frog, spruce, air, crucian carp, lily of the valley, granite, cactus, constellation, cloud, boletus, mosquito, ice floe, icicle, rose, water.

A game "The Fourth Extra"

Sun, stars, air, flower is inanimate nature.

Plants, mushrooms, man, stars are Live nature.

A man is called a king nature. Is it correct? Why is a person called that? (Children express their opinions).

The teacher completes the answers of the children. Man is a thinking, rational being. He learned a lot from nature. On earth, he is smarter than all, Therefore, he is stronger than all!

But thanks to its power, man has caused the death of many animals, plants, and their habitats. A person needs to be careful nature.

What do you mean without herbs and birds

And without love for the buzzing bee,

Without cranes over the coniferous thicket,

Without pretty fox faces?

When you understand, you will finally

Cutting into dead rocks

Oh man, crown nature,

What without nature is your end?

S. Kirsanov.

Related publications:

A fragment of the work program of the educator of the preschool educational institution "Wildlife" DEPARTMENT OF PEDAGOGY AND METHODS OF PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY GENERAL EDUCATION FRAGMENT OF THE WORKING PROGRAM OF THE EDUCER OF THE DOO "Wildlife".

Comprehensive long-term planning in the second junior group under the program "Childhood". Theme of the week "Inanimate nature" Final event. NOD "Where does the sun sleep?" resp. Cherepenina A.V. Complex of morning exercises No. 5, see the plan of the educator of the physio Complex.

Synopsis of GCD on ecology in the middle group "Living and inanimate nature" Municipal autonomous preschool educational institution No. 241 "Kindergarten of a combined type" "Living and inanimate nature."

Synopsis of the open viewing of GCD on ecology "Living and inanimate nature" with children of the older group. Purpose: to generalize children's knowledge of animate and inanimate nature, to contribute to the expansion and generalization of ideas about the relationship between animate and inanimate nature.

Synopsis of an open lesson in the educational field “Cognition. FTsKM" in the preparatory group "Wildlife""Wildlife" Purpose: 1) to give children the concept that nature is our common home; 2) to consolidate the knowledge of children about the plant world (forest - trees,.

Experiment plan 1 week - We are magicians 2 weeks - Unusual paper clip 3 weeks - 2 magnets 4 weeks - How to see magnetic forces.