Card file 1 and card file 2 in the bank 385 p. Cash management services in the bank. Card index - what is it

Of course, all banks store some documents of their clients; for this purpose, each bank has file cabinets. This very file cabinet stores those payment orders that for some reason were not executed; such orders come under the control of the bank to which they were sent.

Payment orders can be failed for several reasons, among them, for example, the lack of the required amount of funds to pay for it in the client’s account.

In this case, the client receives a notification that the money in his account is not enough to make the payment, and it will only go through after there is enough money there, but this will happen on a first-come, first-served basis.

It is worth noting that if the client has opened line of credit at the bank, then this will not happen, because the payment will go towards the line. Also, some payment orders cannot be processed for the reason that this requires the consent of the client himself.

In this case, the documents are sent for signing or, using a notification, the bank asks the client to come to the bank branch of the client himself, and after signing the necessary documents, the payment also takes place in the order of the queue. In addition, it may happen that to the client’s current account arrested in this case, the payment order will not go through, but this only happens if there was a court and its decision prohibits debit transactions on all of the owner’s accounts.

If an organization has its own card index in a bank, then this is usually considered a warning sign, because in this case you can understand that the organization’s finances are not in order. Most likely, if payment orders are included in the card file several times, the bank will refuse the client to receive, for example, a line of credit or any other financial support, because the risks will be too great.

At the same time, the file cabinet is not maintained in the way the bank wants; maintenance is regulated by the laws of the central bank.

There are two types card indexes, they are called very simply: card index number one and card index number two. File number one includes those documents that did not go through because the account holder needed to sign them. Today, such payments are rare; they are called payment requirements.

Usually they come from suppliers, that is, he asks the account holder to pay for the goods, while the bank itself cannot approve such a payment, so the documents must first be sent for signature. The bank will definitely keep a copy of this order. In addition, this file contains documents that did not go through due to the seizure of the account.

They will be there until the arrest is lifted. File number two includes those payment orders that could not be executed due to the fact that there were insufficient funds in the client’s account. They remain there until the person who owns the current account replenishes it with the amount required according to the payment order.

In this case, subsequent orders will not go through until the previous one does so. However, the organization has the right to withdraw them if necessary. All payment orders found in any of the files are processed in the established order. Wherein there is no way to break the order, and even if the client really wants it, the payment order will not go through.

Those payments for which there are sufficient funds in the account are processed in the order of the specified date. Payments for which there are not enough funds are processed in the manner established Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

So, the bank needs file cabinets in order to store there those payment orders of legal entities, which did not pass for some reason. At the same time, there are two types of such file cabinets: some store those documents that are awaiting signature by the account owner, and others store those that are awaiting the moment the arrest is lifted from the account or that did not go through due to the fact that there were not enough funds in the current account .

If an organization has its own card index in the bank, this indicates that the organization’s finances are not very good. Sometimes this fact can lead to organizations refusing to open a line of credit or lending to small and medium-sized businesses.

Therefore, if you are the owner of a current account, then if you want in the future have financial support from the bank, then you should make sure that all payment orders are processed on time. To do this, you just need to make sure that there is always a sufficient amount of money in your current account and that your accounts are never seized.

Documents included in the file cabinet must first receive permission from the account owner or the bank, and then they are processed in the order of priority established by law.

If it is said that a card file is kept for the client’s current account at the bank, this means that there are payment documents for this current account that have not been paid by the bank. Card files are a set of payment documents that are stored in the bank at the place where the payer’s account was opened and are under the control of:

- due to the lack of funds in the client’s account;
- awaiting the payer’s acceptance;
- awaiting operations in cases established by law.

From the definition of card files it follows that the card files of payment documents reflect not the client’s debt, but the sequence of documents awaiting payment from the client’s bank account. Therefore, accounting of card files in accounting is carried out on off-balance sheet accounts. Card files are kept only for the accounts of legal entities. According to clause 1.1.3 of Bank of Russia Regulation No. 222-P dated 04/01/2003 “On the procedure for making non-cash payments by individuals in the Russian Federation”, card indexes for current accounts of individuals are not maintained.

With the introduction of the new Bank of Russia Regulation No. 383-P, the concept of “Card index of settlement documents” was replaced by “Queue of orders”. But the essence of the procedure remained the same. A card index of settlement documents or a queue of orders is an organized record of unpaid settlement documents stored in the bank and presented to the current account of a specific payer. Depending on the reasons for non-payment of settlement documents received in the payer’s account, the bank maintains three types of card files:

1. A queue of payment documents awaiting acceptance by the payer - the owner of the current account. Amounts of settlement documents received to the current account, which cannot be posted by the bank without the corresponding acceptance of the payer.
2. A queue of settlement documents awaiting permission to conduct transactions on the current account. Amounts of settlement documents received to the current account that cannot be paid due to the arrest of the account or other restriction of transactions on it.
3. A queue of payment documents that have not been paid due to the lack or insufficiency of funds in the payer’s current account. Card files of payment documents can be organized by the bank on paper or electronically. Moreover, if the file cabinets are maintained electronically, then the bank must provide:
- - the ability to reproduce on paper documents located in file cabinets (queues), preserving all details, as well as indicating the date of receipt and the date of placement in the queue;
- - the ability to obtain information about each document in the context of information about execution (partial execution), revocation, return, amount of acceptance;
- - the ability to provide information about authorized persons of the bank performing the relevant procedures for receiving and executing settlement documents.

When accepting a payment order, the bank's operational employee checks the correctness of completion and execution of the submitted documents. If the payment order is properly executed, all copies of payment orders accepted for execution are marked with the date of receipt of the payment document by the bank (in the “Payment bank received” field). On the last copy of the payment order, the operational employee puts the bank's stamp, the date of acceptance and his signature and returns it to the payer as confirmation of acceptance of the payment order for execution.

If there are no or insufficient funds in the payer’s account, and also if the bank account agreement does not determine the terms of payment for settlement documents in excess of the funds available in the account, payment orders are placed in file cabinet No. 2.

Partial payment of a payment order from the payer's bank account is unacceptable. Therefore, in case of insufficient funds, payment documents are first placed in card index No. 2 in full amount and then only paid for the amount of available funds in the account, since clause 3.7 of Regulation No. 2-P allows partial payment of payment orders from card index No. 2. When placing payment orders in card index No. 2, the bank operational employee puts a mark in any form on the front side in the upper right corner of all copies of the payment order indicating the placement of the document in the card index, indicating the date.

Bank card index– unexecuted settlement documents under control of the bank in which the payer’s current account is opened.

Payment documents are placed in the card file if:

· the payer does not have enough funds to fulfill them;

· acceptance of the payer for execution is expected;

· payment is expected to be made without acceptance in cases established by law.

There are two types of card files in a bank: the so-called Card File No. 1 (off-balance sheet bank account No. 90901 “Settlement documents awaiting acceptance for payment”) and Card File No. 2 (off-balance sheet account No. 90902 “Settlement documents not paid on time”).

Card file No. 1 used for settlements that require the account owner’s acceptance or permission to conduct transactions in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Let's assume that a supplier issues a payment request to an enterprise, which must be paid with the payer's acceptance. In this case, the recipient of funds enters “With acceptance” in the “Terms of payment”. Such a requirement will be placed in Card File No. 1, and one copy will be sent to the owner of the current account for acceptance of payment. Currently, settlements with payment claims are rarely carried out.

The second option for using Card File No. 1 is to place documents in it that require permission to execute. Such a need arises, for example, if the bank receives a court decision or an order from other authorized bodies to seize the entire account or part of the funds on it. In such a situation, Card File No. 1 includes settlement documents that are not subject to payment during the period of validity of the restriction on account management.

Card file No. 2 is used as follows. Suppose an enterprise submits a payment order to the bank, but at the moment there are insufficient funds in its current account for its immediate execution and a bank loan is not provided. In this case, the bank employee checks the correctness of the payment order and places it in the file cabinet. Subsequently, the payment order is executed as funds are received in accordance with the order of payments established by law.

It should be borne in mind that new payment orders cannot be executed by the bank until the card file is closed. That is, the next order to write off funds will be put in a queue, before the payment orders already in the card index will be executed.

Unlike a regular payment order, which is either executed in full or not executed at all, an order in a card index can be paid in part.

The organization can also revoke a payment order that has not yet been executed by refusing to add it to the card index. She can cancel the order that is in the file cabinet. In addition, in case of partial execution of an order from the card index, the client can withdraw payment for the remaining amount.

The presence of a file cabinet at an enterprise indicates its unstable financial position. Its absence may be set by banks as a requirement when applying for loans.

RKO includes a wide variety of services that banking organizations provide to individuals and legal entities to the extent required by a particular client.

Typically, cash settlement services are a paid option, and the final cost is determined based on the bank’s basic tariffs and included additional services.

Basic RKO services

The basic list of services that can be provided to a legal entity includes:

Replenishment of the account and withdrawal of funds from the balance, plus their free movement;
Remote service;
Execution of foreign exchange transactions;
Cashless payments.

A complete list of them can be found in your banking service agreement. The bank card file is closely connected with the current account, because it is in it that all data regarding transactions that were not executed for some reason are stored.

Let's look at why you need a file cabinet on a current account and what types of file cabinets are used today.

What does a current account file mean?

A card index on a current account is one of the tools that the bank uses to manage payment orders of the account holder.

All orders and accounts that the bank cannot fulfill for one reason or another are transferred to the card index for storage.

Therefore, there are two large groups of reasons why it may be necessary to open a file cabinet:

The client's approval (acceptance) was not received, so the payment order for debiting funds went through without approval. A similar situation occurs when the payment did not go through due to the seizure of the current account;
There are not enough funds in the organization's account to enable it to fulfill its obligations. This also happens when there is no overdraft on the account or the limit has already been exceeded. In these cases, orders cannot be executed.

Depending on these reasons, a card index can be created on the current account of organization No. 1 and No. 2. If there is no card index in the bank for a legal entity’s account, this is a positive thing.

When is a file cabinet required?

This fact will play into the hands of the entrepreneur if he needs to apply for an increase in the overdraft limit, open a new line of credit, or receive additional funds for business development.

And vice versa - if there is a file cabinet, the bank will be more wary of such an enterprise, because such a certificate can serve as evidence of financial problems. Please note that the account file can only be opened for legal entities, but not for individual entrepreneurs.

A certificate confirming the absence of a card index for a current account is issued directly by the bank where the legal entity is serviced. face.

To do this, you will need to fill out a simple form in which you indicate your intention to receive this certificate. It is also necessary to understand that the certificate will not contain data on the current amount of debt to the counterparty or bank.

It only contains information that there are unpaid obligations for a given current account number, so as soon as there are funds on the balance sheet or an acceptance is received, they will all be repaid one by one.

Types of card indexes

Banks distinguish two types of card indexes:

Card file No. 1. It primarily includes documentation that requires consent from the client. This contains all the data on off-balance sheet account No. 90901 (payments from suppliers, etc.). For the payment to go through, the client receives a copy of such a notification and approves it. This section may include documents that require permission to be processed, but the user cannot do this because the account has been seized by a bailiff. Today, the method of calculation using payment requests is used less and less.
Card file No. 2. Documentation for which there are insufficient funds in the account is placed here. These are mainly documents listed in off-balance sheet account No. 90902. A card file can be opened if an overdraft or credit line is not connected to the account, there are not enough funds on the balance, while payment orders continue to arrive. A new order cannot be executed until the previous one is closed, hence the “queue” of unpaid payments.

The file of unpaid payment documents for bank accounts is a sequence. As soon as there are enough funds in the account, payments will be repaid in the order in which they were received.

On what basis will card file payments be processed?

If the amount to cover all debt obligations is not enough, then on the basis of Art. 855 part 2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation according to card index No. 2, the following write-off procedure is established:

Alimony and payments-compensation for harm caused to health and life;
Settlements with personnel, including payments for wages, sick leave and vacation pay for employees of this legal entity;
Mandatory payments to the Pension Fund, social insurance and to pay off debts to the tax authorities;
Payments to other budget and other funds;
Other orders in the order in which they were received.

Within each of these groups, payments will also be repaid in the order in which orders were received.

For example, first it is necessary to pay off 15 thousand for damage to the health of a victim in a car accident, and then an order was received to pay alimony to the ex-wife of a businessman in the amount of 18 thousand rubles.

In this order, the debts will be closed. In order to be able to make new payments, it is necessary to remove the card file from the current account, i.e. pay off your obligations in full.

Regarding card index No. 1, the bank independently forms two queues that are independent of each other:

Payments that wait until the client “gives the go-ahead”;
Payments that require permission from an authorized body (usually tax, court, etc.).

Thus, a bank card file is unfulfilled payment and settlement documents waiting in line.

They fall here if the legal entity owner of the account does not have enough funds on its balance sheet or acceptance is required to make the payment.

Are you going to open a current account?

YesNo

Check out bank offers

RKO in Tochka Bank.

Open an account