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Bunin's lyrics are words of the category of state in it. Artistic features of Bunin's love lyrics. Bunin's love lyrics

The future Nobel Prize winner Ivan Alekseevich Bunin began his career in early childhood. When the young man was barely 17 years old, the Rodina magazine, well-known at that time, published the poem of the young poet - “The Village Beggar”. In this creation, the poet described the life of ordinary Russian villages, whose inhabitants often suffered from want and poverty.

Ivan Alekseevich spent a lot of time reading the literature of foreign and domestic writers, whose work inspired the young poet, who was looking for his own style in this craft. He was madly in love with the poetic works of Nekrasov, Koltsov and Nikitin. In the work of these authors, the peasantry was openly poeticized, which was very close in spirit to Bunin.

Already in the first creative works of the great writer and poet, an original manner, a unique style of writing and intriguing topics that attract the reader were visible. His lyrics were smart and calm, comparable to the sincere conversation of loved ones. The poems of Ivan Alekseevich reflected the rich and subtle inner world of the young writer.

Critics admired the artistry and high technique seen in Bunin's lyrical works. The poet felt every word and beautifully conveyed his thought, masterfully honing every fragment of a poetic work.

The main lyrical motives of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin

The poetry of Ivan Alekseevich cannot boast of a special variety. But the poet did not need this. Most of his poems have themes related to nature. Some creations are dedicated to peasant life and civic motives. A large place was given to the theme of love and relationships.

The leading place is clearly visible landscape lyrics, written in soft and gentle colors. The poet was very fond of the Oryol Territory, he was delighted with the picturesque views of natural nature, therefore, in many of Bunin's poems there is a flattering description of these wonderful places.

Bunin clearly observed the tradition of Russian classics, which can be seen in the bright and rich poem "Autumn Landscape":

Autumn has come again
And only I will listen to her
Leaves fall silently
Stroking the damp earth.

Autumn has come again
Pale sunsets gray
A blue flower
The sun is asking for a mean ...

Wind with a dull flute
In the branches it sounds dull,
The rain is hiding somewhere
Hiding like a sieve blew.

People are burning fires
Leaves, raking in heaps,
And the wind is picking up
Thick clouds in the sky...

The sun broke through for a moment
Warming my soul again
As if forever goodbye -
It's sad to listen to nature ...

And in the poem “A full moon stands high”, the poet harmoniously conveyed observation and fidelity to his favorite topic:

In the skies above the misty land,
The pale light of the meadow silvers,
Filled with white mist.

In the white haze, in the wide meadows,
On deserted river banks
Only black dried reeds
Yes, you can distinguish the tops of the willows.
And the river in the banks is barely visible ...
Somewhere a mill hums deafly...
The village sleeps... The night is quiet and pale,

When reading this magnificent poem, a special motive is heard, and the work itself sounds like a calm and pleasant melody. Such masterpieces seem to merge the reader's consciousness with real nature, and one feels a noble reunion and insane joy of being...

In the poem "The Thaw" there is a special saturation of the inner content, conveying the unshakable harmony of the great poet with the beautiful nature of the surrounding world.

Ivan Alekseevich was always attracted by landscape stiffness and the state of transition from one static state to another. He was able to capture individual moments of these changes and clearly conveyed what he saw in his lyrical poetry.

Love for nature was closely intertwined with a tender feeling and deep respect for their homeland. Bunin wrote several poems on patriotic themes, colored with lyrical glorification of Russian nature.

The last years of his life, the great Russian writer and poet Ivan Alekseevich Bunin spent in France. Longing for his native land was clearly visible in his poems, written far from his homeland.

The poet also wrote on other topics, however, there are few such works, but they also attract the reader with their unusual storyline. Poetry based on religious traditions, myths and ancient legends is very interesting.

Six golden marble columns,
Boundless green valley
Lebanon in snow and sky blue slope.

I saw the Nile and the giant Sphinx,
I saw the pyramids: you are stronger
More beautiful, antediluvian ruin!

There are blocks of yellow-ash stones,
Forgotten graves in the ocean
Naked sands. Here is the joy of youth.

Patriarchal-royal fabrics -
Snow and rocks longitudinal rows -
They lie like a motley tales in Lebanon.

Beneath it are meadows, green gardens
And sweet as a mountain coolness,
The noise of fast malachite water.

Under it is the parking lot of the first nomad.
And let it be forgotten and empty:
The colonnade shines like an immortal sun.
Its gates lead to the blissful world.

Philosophical lyrics of the great Russian poet

The main creative feature of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is versatility, because he showed himself perfectly not only as a talented poet and writer. He was a skilled prose writer and an excellent translator. His works are brilliant and grandiose, which is why the famous realist gained massive popularity all over the world!

How could a Russian writer master the form of classical verse so maneuverably? Many experts believe that these achievements were acquired thanks to the professionalism of the translator. The exceptional skill of the great writer is based on an amazing search for the only possible word that forms a classic rhyme with deep meaning. His poems flow like a beautiful song filled with life and honest emotions.

The pessimistic tradition is clearly heard in his prose works. Bunin was greatly fascinated by the philosophical work of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, based on the eternal source of beauty and harmony. This inspiration was also reflected in the lyrical work of Ivan Alekseevich, which is distinguished by the utmost accuracy of words and sharp prosaic details.

Bunin's philosophical lyrics are based on Russian nature, on the theme of love, intertwined in a unique contrast. Later, the poet often traveled in his memoirs, and these thoughts inspired him to create new creations related to mythology.

These works convey a sincere recognition of earthly existence, as part of eternal history. The writer boldly exacerbated the fatal outcome of human life, the feeling of loneliness and doom. Some poetic works of Ivan Alekseevich make you think about what was always there, but was not noticed.

The remarkable author has always stood out for his individuality, unique philosophical view of everyday phenomena, sincerity and honest recognition of his own ideas and thoughts, expressed in such a beautiful and sounding form.

"Dog"
Dream dream. Everything is narrower and dim
You look with golden eyes
To the blizzard yard, to the snow stuck to the frame,
On brooms of echoing, smoky poplars.
Sighing, you curled up warmer
At my feet - and you think ... We ourselves
We torment ourselves - with the longing of other fields,
Other deserts ... beyond the Permian mountains.
You remember what is alien to me:
Gray sky, tundra, ice and plagues
In your cold wild side
But I always share my thoughts with you:
I am a man: like a god, I am doomed
To know the longing of all countries and all times.

Artistic originality of Bunin's lyrics

A distinctive feature of Bunin's lyrical poetry was artistic originality, skillful perception of the surrounding nature, man and the whole world. He skillfully honed the landscape, miraculously transferred it to his lyrical works.

The creative activity of Ivan Alekseevich fell on the era of modernism. Most of the authors of the XIX-XX centuries tried to express their thoughts and feelings in unusual forms, indulging in fashionable word creation. Bunin did not strive for this direction, he was always devoted to the Russian classics, and recreated his poetry in the most traditional forms, similar to the lyrical works of previous poets such as Tyutchev, Polonsky, Pushkin, Fet.

Ivan Bunin gradually transformed landscape lyrics into philosophy, and the main idea is always present in his poems. In the poetry of the great poet, special attention is often paid to the most important theme - life and death.

The philosophical direction and artistic originality were not overshadowed by the revolutionary processes taking place in the country. The poet continued his work in the chosen direction, and boldly attributed all the problems of mankind to the eternal subtleties, among good, evil, birth and death ...

Bunin always wanted to find the truth, he often turned to the world history of different generations. The poet recognized life on Earth as something temporary, a transitional period between eternal existence in the Universe. He always wanted to look beyond reality, to find the solution to human life and the doom of death at the end of the road. In many of his poems, gloominess, pitiful breathing, fear of loneliness and unshakable fear of a tragic outcome are especially felt, which cannot be avoided by anyone living on this Earth ...

Bunin's lyrics are many-sided and impeccable. His poetry inspires and delights, directs the reader's thoughts into the unconscious, but quite real and interesting. If you study the works of the great Russian writer and poet with care, you can discover for your perception a very important truth that you did not want to notice yesterday.

All the children of our country get acquainted with the work of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, as it is included in the compulsory study program in the literature lesson. It is not possible to perceive his subtle thoughts and feelings immediately, only an in-depth awareness of each word will allow you to understand and reveal the main meaning of the lyrical work. That is why, in addition to the mandatory stories, the teacher is allowed to choose several works at his discretion.

Bunin is a magnificent writer and poet of the 19th-20th centuries, who left a memorable mark on the future generation, captured in amazingly beautiful lyrics ...

A. Blok about Bunin: “few people know how to know and love nature like that ...”
"Bunin claims one of the main places in Russian literature..."

"April"
Foggy crescent, obscure twilight,
The dull, leaden sheen of the iron roof,
The noise of the mill, the distant barking of dogs,
Mysterious bat zigzag.

And it's dark in the old front garden,
Juniper smells fresh and sweet,
And sleepily, sleepily glows through the spruce forest
Sickle greenish spot.

"Birch"
On the far pass, on the edge
Empty skies, there is a white birch:
Trunk twisted by storms and flat
Scattered boughs. I am standing,
Admiring her, in a yellow bare field.
It is dead. Where is the shadow, layers of salt
Frost is falling. The sun's low light
Doesn't warm them up. There is no leaf
On these boughs brown reddish,
The trunk is sharply white in the green void ...

But autumn is peace. World in sadness and dream
The world is in thoughts about the past, about losses.
On the far pass, on the line
Empty fields, lonely birch.
But she's easy. Her spring is far away.

"Treasure"
All that keeps traces of the long-forgotten,
Long dead - will live for centuries.
In the grave treasures, buried by the ancients,
Midnight longing sings.

Steppe stars remember how they shone
The fact that now they lie in the damp earth ...
Not Death is terrible, but what is on the grave
Death guards the melodious treasure.

“I am looking for in this world sachetanya

Beautiful and eternal. away

I see the night: sands in silence

And starlight above the dusk of the earth.”

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is an outstanding Russian writer who became famous as a prose writer. But Ivan Alekseevich began his literary life with poetry and entered the beautiful galaxy of poets of the “Silver Age”.

Birds are not visible. Dutifully languishes

The forest, deserted and sick.

Mushrooms are gone, but smells strong

In the ravines with mushroom dampness ...

And, lulled by the step of a horse, -

With joyful sadness I will listen,

Like the wind with a monophonic ringing

Buzzing-singing into the barrels of a gun.

Bunin's first poem was published when he was only seventeen, four years later the first collection of poems was published, but fame came to him only ten years later, after the publication of the collection Falling Leaves in 1901, awarded the Pushkin Prize of the Academy of Sciences.

That star that swung in dark water

Under a crooked willow in a decayed garden, -

The light that flickered in the pond until dawn,

Now I will never find in heaven.

In the village where the young years went,

To the old house where I composed my first songs.

Where I waited for happiness and joy in my youth,

I will never go back now, never.

Bunin's poetry is very original, stylistically restrained, chased, harmonious. The poet is alien to the search for the new. His poetry is traditional, he is a follower of Russian classics. Bunin is a subtle lyricist, an excellent connoisseur of the Russian language. His poetry is unique. It is rather rhymed prose organized in a certain way than poetry in its classical form. But it is precisely with their novelty and freshness that they attract readers.

And flowers, and bumblebees, and herbs, and ears of corn,

And azure, and midday heat ...

The time will come - the Lord of the prodigal son will ask:

“Were you happy in your earthly life?”

And I will forget everything - I will remember only these

Field paths between ears and grasses -

And from sweet tears I will not have time to answer,

Falling on merciful knees.

Bunin reacted sharply negatively to symbolism, all his poetics, in essence, was a stubborn struggle with symbolism. Moreover, the poet was not embarrassed that he was alone in this struggle. He sought to wrest from his work everything that could be in common with this trend in art. Bunin especially rejected the "untruth" of symbolism. For the Symbolists, reality was a veil, a mask hiding a different, more genuine reality, the exposure of which is accomplished by transforming reality in a creative act. The landscape is a touchstone in the depiction of reality. It is here that Bunin is especially stubborn against the Symbolists. For them, nature is raw material that they recycle. Bunin wants to be a contemplator of the perfect creation.

The night has turned pale and the moon is setting

Over the river with a red sickle.

Sleepy fog in the meadows is silvering,

The black reed is damp and smoking,

The wind rustles like reeds.

Quiet in the village. Lamp in the chapel

Fading, tired grief.

In the quivering dusk of a chilled garden

Coolness pours from the steppe in waves -

Dawn breaks slowly.

Bunin's landscape is truthful, subtle and beautiful, as no symbolist ever dreamed of. In the poems of Ivan Alekseevich, we do not see the personality of the author. From his poetry, he excludes the main component of lyricism - "I". This is the main reason that Bunin was reproached for being cold. But this is not coldness, but rather chastity.

Before sunset ran

A cloud over the forest - and suddenly

A rainbow fell on the hill

And sparkled all around.

Glass, rare and vigorous,

Hurrying with a cheerful rustle,

The rain has come and the forest is green

Quiet, breathing cool.

Bunin remained true to his anti-symbolism, he could not believe that the form is capable of serving not only as a receptacle for thought, but also to express thought itself.

The form of Bunin's poetry is, of course, impeccable, but it should be noted that the poet deliberately deprived it of many essential possibilities. By binding his form, he partially bound himself.

Crimson Sad Moon

Hanging in the distance, but the steppe is still dark,

The moon sows its warm reflection into the darkness,

And over the swamp a red dusk flies.

It's late - and what silence!

I think the moon will go numb

She seems to have grown from the bottom

And blushes like an antediluvian rose.

Sections: Literature

Nature does not need to be decorated, but you need to feel its essence ... ( I.I. Levitan.)

Equipment:

Illustrations:
portrait of I.A. Bunin;
reproductions of paintings by I.I. Levitan “Spring. Big Water”, A.K. Savrasov “Rooks have arrived”, I. Grabar “March”.
Recording of musical fragments of the composition “April” by the group “Deep Рurple”.
Whatman sheet with Bunin's poem "April bright evening burned out".
Handout (A. Fet's poem “I came - and everything around is melting ...”, table “Types of speech”).

Goals:

Show the features of Bunin's lyrics (plot, picturesqueness, musicality), conducting a comparative analysis with the lyrics of A. Fet, paintings of painters, music.
Develop a sensitive attitude to native nature, to human feelings.
Work with the word (speech development).
Repetition of the theory of literature: lyrics, lyrical "I" of the poet, character, tropes (epithet, personification), sound repetitions.
Vocabulary work: creative arts, masterpiece, painting, landscape,palette, eden, black soil, greenery.

During the classes:

1. Checking homework.

Introductory speech of the teacher:

I.A. Bunin - our countryman - is considered an unsurpassed master of the word. For his talent, he received the Nobel Prize (1931) - the highest creative award.

The natural conditions in which a person grows up and lives leave a big imprint on the character of a person, his attitude, artistic manner of expressing feelings.

Question: What is Bunin's image of the Motherland? His landscape?

Answer: This is the nature of central Russia. Nature of the Voronezh region. She is subtle, but charming. Its spaces are vast. Hence the modesty, the accuracy of Bunin's epithets, the conciseness of the sentences, the mood of melancholy, loneliness, homelessness. An example of this is the poem "Motherland".

Reading by heart by students (1-2 people) of the poem by I.A. Bunin “Motherland”.

Work on the textbook article on Bunin's work, given at home.

Question: What are the features of the work of I.A. Bunin? What did he consider important to find in nature and reflect in poetry?

Answers:

Bunin said that the world consists of a great variety of combinations of colors and light, it is very important to accurately capture them and skillfully select their verbal equivalent.
Equally important to him was the observation of the sky - the source of light. It is very important for the artist and poet to correctly depict the sky, because. it expresses the mood of the picture. The sky reigns over everything.
“And what a pain to find a sound, a melody, …”.

Teacher: I.A. Bunin was a very talented writer, because. able to see shades of different states of nature. Bunin's craving for travel helped to conduct observations.

2. Recording the topic of the lesson (“Features of landscape lyrics by I.A. Bunin”) and a conversation on the topic.

Teacher: Features of Bunin's lyrics are defined by us. But one can feel the originality of his lyrics only in comparison with the lyrics of other poets, the canvases of landscape painters, and the art of music. His works are akin to the works of painters and musicians.

Question: What allows us to draw such parallels?

Answer: The very concept of "art", because it reflects life, albeit in different ways. Creative personalities are deeply feeling, observant people. This allows them to create real masterpieces (samples!), which are not forgotten for centuries.

Question: How does painting reflect the phenomena of life? With using what?

Answer: With the help of color, chiaroscuro and lines, it displays the real space on the plane (on the canvas).

Teacher: The task of the artist is very difficult, because. There are many more colors and shades in nature than colors in a box. The color of real objects is more saturated than the color of paints.

As you can see from the title of the lesson, we will talk about spring. Spring... What happens in nature, how does it change from month to month? What clothes does nature wear, what colors, palette prevails? We have to answer these questions, getting acquainted with the paintings of Russian artists.

Conversation on questions for Igor Grabar's painting "March Snow".

What season is shown in the picture? (Spring.)
What month? (The first days of March.)
Mood from the picture? (Joy from the onset of warmth, an abundance of sunlight.)

How did the artist achieve this? (Using a bright March palette. Although there is still snow, the shadows on it are bright blue, which happens only in March. Bright shades of warm yellow remind us of spring blinding sunbeams.)

Teacher: Days like these tell us that winter is coming to an end. Man and nature survived long months of cold, darkness, sad thoughts. Now there are good changes. The sound of a drop, as popular beliefs say, drives away evil forces.

Teacher: Russian artists depicted various corners of Russian nature with penetrating lyricism and warmth. One of them is A.K.Savrasov.

Conversation on questions to the painting by Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov “The Rooks Have Arrived”.

What moment of spring is depicted? (The end of March.)
What does the picture suggest? (The rooks have arrived and have already built their nests. A lot of water. The snow is loose, dirty, melting. In the gloomy cloudy sky, spring is fighting with winter (according to popular belief). Snow is about to fall.)
Palette? (Spring. Snow is written in the most delicate shades of blue, light blue, warm yellow.)
Mood? (Anxious. Even uncomfortable. To the right - a puddle of melt water. In the middle - a peeling church with a bell tower. Rooks' nests on birches are disheveled.)

Teacher: The atmosphere of moving, change, untidy. But nature and man are always happy with these changes - the trees reach for the sky. The sky is reflected in the puddles, thanks to which the space of the picture expands.

Teacher: Levitan is a student of Savrasov. Pay special attention to the picture of this artist, because. his manner of expression, his images and moods are very similar to Bunin's landscape lyrics. It is not for nothing that in your literature textbook a poem by I. Bunin and a painting by I. Levitan are placed side by side. That is why I took I. Levitan's statement about how to display nature in painting as an epigraph to the lesson. It is necessary to look thoughtfully, and the attentive viewer will discover the deep and spiritual beauty of the dim Russian nature.

Appeal to the epigraph. Conversation on questions to the painting by Isaac Ilyich Levitan “Spring. Big water."

What moment of spring is depicted in the picture? (End of April.)
What compositional details speak about this? (There is no more snow. The ice has melted on the rivers. There is a lot of water. “Big Water” is living water that feeds the earth. The trees are shrouded in green haze (from swollen green buds). Sunny. The sky is light blue, April. There are light white clouds in the sky. )

Palette? (Levitan draws a gentle spring outfit of the earth. Warm colors: blue, light yellow, pink, young green, muted brown.)

What feelings do you get when you look at the picture? (Light, kind: warm May days are approaching, good changes. But there is also sadness - from the cold of the transparent sky, from the boat, standing alone by the shore.)

Teacher: Levitan's canvases often cause dreary feelings, a feeling of loneliness, sadness. The artist himself spoke about it this way: “This longing is in me, it is inside me, but ... it is spilled in nature ... I would like to express sadness, hopelessness, peace.”

3. Analysis of the poem by I.A. Bunin “The bright April evening burned out”.

Teacher: This Bunin poem is special in many respects. Listen to him please. (Reading the poem by the teacher.)

The April bright evening burned out,
A cold dusk fell over the meadows.
The rooks are sleeping; distant noise of the stream
In the dark, mysteriously stalled.

But fresh smells of greenery
Young frozen black soil,
And flows cleaner over the fields
Starlight in the silence of the night.

Through the hollows, reflecting the stars,
The pits shine with quiet water,
Cranes, calling each other,
Cautiously pull in a crowd.

And spring in a green grove
Waiting for the dawn, holding my breath,
Sensitively listens to the rustle of trees,
Vigilantly looks into the dark fields.

Question: Tell me, is the picture painted by Bunin similar to the April landscape of Levitan?

Answer: Yes. But the lighting has changed. The time of day in the poem is night.

Question: What luminaries give light?

Answer: Stars. And the pits shine with reflected light.

Question: What is the subject line that creates the image of the April night?

Answer:Dusk cold, the noise of the stream is dead In the dark, stars shine, night silence, carefully cranes fly in the night black soil(The value of the root also creates a sense of darkness.)

Question: At night, all objects have the same black silhouette. Why do we see a color picture?

Answer-conclusion: Bunin gives in the poem two parallel light planes, namely, spring day and spring night.

Question: By what artistic means does Bunin convey the colors of a spring day?

Answer: Words. Paths.

Teacher: In comparison with the poem “Motherland”, where Bunin draws a winter landscape with the help of a large number of color epithets-shades (milky white, deathly lead, etc.), there are fewer epithets in the analyzed poem. Find them.

Answer: To depict the colors of spring, Bunin uses the following epithets: bright evening, etc.

Teacher: Instead of color epithets, Bunin selects color nouns black soil(very fertile land, unlike sandy soil), greenery(buds, sprouts).

Question: How does Bunin convey the spring state of nature? What is happening to her? This will give us an answer to the question of why in the folk poetic consciousness spring is the birth of a new life. To do this, you need to build a certain figurative series.

Answer: Image series: bright evening(day lengthened) greenery(new sprouts sprout in the fields), (updated) young black soil green grove ( new leaves) cleaner light streams (and the air is clean ), flow noise and pits with water (a lot of water, rivers overflowed their banks), spring birds flew in - rooks, are returning cranes.

Teacher: Bunin also managed to convey Feel- invigorating (awakening to life) cold spring night.

Question: Find epithets reflecting these feelings.

Answer:Cold dusk, chilled black earth, starlight streams cleaner(a feeling of cold is also created, since the stars are cold bodies).

Teacher: Do we feel the spring smells: pleasant-sharp, exciting?

Answer: Fresh smells of green black earth.

Teacher:Sounds Spring Bunin conveys with the help of a special poetic method of sound writing.

Question: In what ways can sounds be transmitted in poetic speech?

Answer: With the help of alliteration, the repetition of consonants ( the noise of the stream died out, the rustle of trees), and descriptions of the sound (the cranes stretch , calling out each other (cooing)).

Teacher: Another feature of Bunin's lyrics is its narrative, epic character (“he mixed up prose and poetry”).

Question: We remember the distinctive features of the epic and lyrics. What are they?

Answer: The prose is plot. This is a story about the life of a hero (a case from life). A prose work has a special narrative composition. Lyrics are an expression of the feelings of a poet, a writer. She has no plot.

Teacher: Try to retell Bunin's poem using a familiar scheme (first ..., then ..., finally ...). What part of speech words can help you?

Answer: Verbs. They are the hallmark of the story.

The composition of the poem:

Introduction. The evening burned down, dusk fell, the rooks fell asleep (nature sleeps - verbs of peace).

Tie. The noise of the stream died out (sharply, suddenly) mysteriously (something must happen in nature).

Main action. climax. (Verbs of motion are used.) It smells, excites the smell of black soil, light flows, pits shine (do not sleep), cranes fly, calling to each other. The incessant movement and sounds of the April night lead to a denouement, hasten the onset of spring.

Interchange. Conclusion. Spring does not sleep, waiting for the dawn, holding its breath, sensitively listening, vigilantly watching. In the morning she will come into her own.

Teacher: What is the lyrical hero of Bunin? His lyrical "I"?

Answer: Bunin, rather, has a character, the protagonist is nature, and the lyrical “I” (the feelings of the poet himself) is hidden in the subtext.

Teacher: Compare Bunin's poems "April bright evening burned out" with Afanasy Fet's spring poem "I came - and everything around is melting."

Reading a poem by students against the background of a musical passage.

She came - and melts everything around,
Everyone wants to give life
And the heart, a prisoner of winter blizzards,
Suddenly I forgot how to shrink.

Spoke, bloomed
All that yesterday languished dumbly.
And the sighs of heaven brought
From the dissolved gates of Eden.

How cheerful small clouds hike!
And in an inexplicable triumph
Through the trees round dance
Greenish smoke.

The sparkling stream sings
And from the sky a song, as it used to be;
As if it says:
Everything that was forged is gone.

Petty care is not allowed
Although for a moment do not be ashamed.
It is impossible before eternal beauty
Do not sing, do not praise, do not pray.

Reasoning answer: In Fet's poem, the lyrical “I” is already in rhythm, coinciding with the musical fragment (hurrying to express feelings in one breath), in exclamatory intonations (admiring, solemn).

Bunin's intonation is narrative, unhurried. Human feelings, animation appear in personifications (twilight lay down, flow stalled, Spring waiting, breathless, holes shine water, resembling the eyes of a man who does not sleep, who is prevented from falling asleep by the sounds of awakening nature). Both nature and man wake up from winter stupor, sleep, rush to the best time of life - spring.

Final word from the teacher: I.A. Bunin considered poetry a very difficult craft and was always worried about whether it was possible or not possible to convey in words the colors of nature, light, sound. Outwardly, words consisting of letters are paler than pictorial and musical means of expression. But, as you can see, they have much more to say. I would like to finish the lesson with the words of another Bunin poem, reflecting the reverent attitude of the great writer to the word.

The tombs, mummies and bones are silent, -
Only the word is given life:
From the ancient darkness, on the world churchyard,
Only letters are heard.

And we have no other property!
Know how to save
Though to the best of my ability, in the days of anger and suffering,
Our immortal gift is speech.

The Nobel Prize winner Bunin began his career as a poet. He was greatly influenced by such poets as Nikitin, Koltsov, and partly Nekrasov. They sang of Russian nature, the countryside, poetized the peasantry, and in this they were close to Bunin. Bunin was not attracted by experiments, the search for a new technique of versification.

The themes of Bunin's poetry are not very diverse. Basically, these are poems about nature. Poems on a peasant theme are almost absent, except for "The Village Beggar", in the center of which is the image of a homeless old man, tortured by poverty. Civil motifs are also rare ("Giordano Bruno", "The Poet", "Over the Grave of S. Ya. Nadson").

The leading place in Bunin's poetry is occupied by landscape lyrics. In it, he reflected the signs of nature in the Oryol region, which the poet passionately loved. Poems about nature are written in gentle, soft colors and resemble the picturesque landscapes of Levitan. A vivid example of a verbal landscape is the poem "Russian Spring". Observation, fidelity in the transmission of light, smell, color, the poem "A full month stands high ..." is noteworthy. Bunin's landscape lyrics are sustained in the traditions of Russian classics ("Autumn", "Autumn Landscape", "In the Steppe").

Bunin's early poems are full of a sense of the joy of being, their unity, fusion with nature. In the poem "Thaw" the harmony of the poet and the world is conveyed:

And, reveling in beauty, Only in it, breathing more fully and wider, I know that all living things in the world Live in the same love with me.

Bunin's external description does not differ in bright colors, but is saturated with internal content. Man is not an observer, a contemplator of nature, but, in the words of Tyutchev, a "thinking reed", a part of nature:

No, it's not the landscape that attracts me, It's not the colors that the greedy eye notices, But what shines in these colors: Love and the joy of being.

Bunin is attracted not by the static, the stillness of the landscape, but by the eternal change of state. He knows how to capture the beauty of a single moment, the very state of transition. Moreover, in this single moment, the poet sees the eternity and indestructibility of nature ("Lightning lightning face, like a dream ...", the poem "Falling Leaves"),

Love for nature is inseparably linked with love for the motherland. This is not an open, declarative patriotism, but a lyrically colored feeling, spilled in the descriptions of paintings of native nature ("Motherland", "Motherland", "In the Steppe", the cycle "Rus").

In later verses, a feature characteristic of Bunin's poetry clearly emerges:

... in my joy there is always longing, in longing there is always a mysterious sweetness.

This longing for beauty, harmony, which is less and less in the surrounding life. The images of night twilight, the melancholy of autumn slush, the sadness of abandoned cemeteries are constant in poems, the theme of which is the ruin of noble nests, the death of manor estates (“And I dreamed ...”, “The world was empty ... The earth has cooled ...”).

Not only nature, but also ancient legends, myths, religious traditions nourish Bunin's poetry. In them, Bunin sees the wisdom of the ages, finds the fundamental principles of the entire spiritual life of mankind ("Temple of the Sun", "Saturn"),

Bunin's poetry has strong philosophical motives. Any picture - everyday, natural, psychological - is always included in the universal, in the universe. The poems are permeated with a sense of surprise before the eternal world and an understanding of the inevitability of one's own death ("Loneliness", "Rhythm").

Bunin's poems are short, concise, they are lyrical miniatures. His poetry is restrained, as if "cold", but this is a deceptive "coldness". Rather, it is the absence of pathos, poses that outwardly express the "pathos of the soul."

Was originally known as a poet. Accuracy, uniqueness - with these qualities enters the landscape lyrics, moves it forward. The accuracy of the poetic word. Critics unanimously admired Bunin's unique gift to feel the word, his skill in the field of language. Many exact epithets and comparisons were drawn by the poet from the works of folk art, both oral and written. K. Paustovsky appreciated Bunin very much, saying that each of his lines was as clear as a string.

There were two restrictions:

ban on pathos
no hierarchy

His lyrics are a collection of subtle thematic facets. In Bunin's poetry, one can distinguish such thematic facets as poems about life, about the joy of earthly existence, poems about childhood and youth, about loneliness, about longing. That is, Bunin wrote about life, about a person, about what touches a person. One of these facets is poems about the world of nature and the world of man. Poem "Evening" written in the style of a classic sonnet.

The landscape is a touchstone in the depiction of reality. It is in this area that Bunin is particularly stubborn against the Symbolists. For the Symbolist, nature is the raw material that he processes.

The symbolist is the creator of his landscape, which is always panorama around him. Bunin is more humble and chaste: he wants to be a contemplative. He reverently steps aside, making every effort to reproduce the reality he adores most objectively. Most of all, he is afraid of somehow inadvertently "re-creating" it. But the symbolist, depicting not the world, but, in essence, himself, in each work achieves the goal immediately and completely. Narrowing the task, he expands his possibilities. Undoubtedly, the Bunin landscape is truthful, accurate, alive and magnificent in a way that no symbolist ever dreamed of. But from Bunin, the multiplicity of phenomena requires the same multiplicity of reproductions, which is not feasible. The quality of Bunin's recreations in itself does not yet lead to the goal: it requires reinforcement by quantity, theoretically speaking, unlimited

The leading place in Bunin's poetry is occupied by landscape lyrics. In it, he reflected the signs of nature in the Oryol region, which the poet passionately loved. Poems about nature are written in gentle, soft colors and resemble the picturesque landscapes of Levitan. A vivid example of a verbal landscape is a poem "Russian spring". Observation, fidelity in the transmission of light, smell, color, the poem is remarkable "High full month is worth ...". Bunin's landscape lyrics are sustained in the traditions of Russian classics ("Autumn", "Autumn landscape", "In the steppe").

Bunin's early poems are full of a sense of the joy of being, their unity, fusion with nature. In a poem "Thaw" the harmony of the poet and the world is conveyed.

Bunin is attracted not by the static, the stillness of the landscape, but by the eternal change of state. He knows how to capture the beauty of a single moment, the very state of transition.

Love for nature is inseparably linked with love for the motherland. This is not an open, declarative patriotism, but a lyrically colored feeling, spilled in the descriptions of pictures of native nature. ("Motherland", "Motherland", "In the steppe", the cycle "Rus").

In later poems, a feature characteristic of Bunin's poetry clearly emerges: This longing for beauty, harmony, which is less and less in the surrounding life. The images of night twilight, the melancholy of autumn slush, the sadness of abandoned cemeteries are constant in poems, the theme of which is the ruin of noble nests, the death of manor estates.

Bunin's poetry has strong philosophical motives. Any picture - everyday, natural, psychological - is always included in the universal, in the universe. The poems are permeated with a sense of surprise at the eternal world and an understanding of the inevitability of one's own death (" Loneliness", "Rhythm").

9I. Bunin's prose of the 1890-1900s. Artistic features of Bunin's short stories. Object depiction of Bunin.