Maria Panteleevna Gorbacheva. General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, first President of the USSR Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev. Hid books with Hitler's autograph from my mother

In promoting the group, Razin was helped by an imaginary relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev. And a few years later, Andrei Alexandrovich met in court with the mother of the first president of the USSR.

"Adoptive" grandmother

It was then that Razin introduced himself for the first time as Gorbachev’s nephew in order to get some equipment for the collective farm. Then he used this legend many more times, trying to promote his new group “Tender May”.

Even when he was already famous, Razin from time to time visited the village of Privolnoye, Stavropol Territory, to visit his named grandmother Valentina Gosteva. He met her when he worked as deputy chairman of a local collective farm. Mikhail Gorbachev’s mother, Maria Panteleevna, also lived there, in Privolny. Andrei Alexandrovich became friends with her too. Razin was very sociable.

Custody agreement

However, in Nikolai Zenkovich’s book “Mikhail Gorbachev. Life before the Kremlin” quotes the words of a certain Kaznacheev, who claimed that the president rarely visited his mother; his son did not visit her even when he was in the Stavropol region on business. Razin himself has repeatedly stated through the media that Gorbachev does not care about his mother at all.

However, according to some reports, Maria Panteleevna was going to move to Moscow, to be with her son. But then she changed her mind and agreed with Razin that she would live in the house she had already sold until the end of her days. A custody agreement was concluded between the parties.

The house was returned, but not to the mother. However, this agreement soon became the subject of a dispute in one of the courts of the Stavropol Territory. Lawyers for Gorbachev and his mother argued that the deal should be considered illegal, since Maria Panteleevna was an illiterate and generally gullible woman, which Andrei Alexandrovich did not take advantage of.

In addition, guardianship, according to the law, can only be established over an incompetent person, which Gorbachev never was.

Apparently, because of this whole story, the health of Maria Panteleevna, who was already at a fairly advanced age, had deteriorated. The old woman even had to be hospitalized. Also in 1993, Gorbachev died. After her death, Razin nevertheless returned the house to Mikhail Sergeevich.

Today, many journalists more often call Andrei Razin not a producer, but the second Ostap Bender. He never graduated from cultural education school. But the lack of education, which was present in Razin’s biography at that time, did not prevent the young man from realizing that “Tender May” could bring considerable income. In promoting the group, Razin was helped by an imaginary relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev. And a few years later, Andrei Alexandrovich met in court with the mother of the first president of the USSR.

"Adoptive" grandmother

First of all, it is worth mentioning that Andrei Razin comes from Stavropol, where, as you know, Mikhail Gorbachev was born. In Stavropol, Razin entered the cultural and educational school, but never finished it. After serving in the army, he returned to his native land, where for about 2 years he worked as deputy chairman of a collective farm located in the village of Privolnoye. It was then that Razin introduced himself for the first time as Gorbachev’s nephew in order to get some equipment for the collective farm. Then he used this legend many more times, trying to promote his new group “Tender May”.

Custody agreement

In 1993, Andrei Razin, being on good terms with Maria Panteleevna Gorbacheva, persuaded her to sell her only house in Privolny. The old lady signed the contract. Why Gorbachev decided to make this deal, and where Mikhail Sergeevich himself was at that moment, history is silent. However, in Nikolai Zenkovich’s book “Mikhail Gorbachev. Life before the Kremlin” quotes the words of a certain Kaznacheev, who claimed that the president rarely visited his mother; his son did not visit her even when he was in the Stavropol region on business. Razin himself has repeatedly stated through the media that Gorbachev does not care about his mother at all.

The house was returned, but not to the mother

However, this agreement soon became the subject of a dispute in one of the courts of the Stavropol Territory. Lawyers for Gorbachev and his mother argued that the deal should be considered illegal, since Maria Panteleevna was an illiterate and generally gullible woman, which Andrei Alexandrovich did not take advantage of. In addition, guardianship, according to the law, can only be established over an incompetent person, which Gorbachev never was.

The authorities of the Stavropol village of Privolnoye refused the ex-leader of the pop group “Tender May” Andrey Razin at the opening of the museum of the last General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Mikhail Gorbachev, with whom they are fellow villagers. Razin himself does not give up trying to talk about little-known pages of the life of the former president of the USSR, which characterize him rather negatively.

The once popular singer and showman was going to open a museum named after Gorbachev in the parental home of the last Soviet leader. There Razin intended to place the family archive of the former Secretary General. Through his grandmother, Razin became friends with Gorbachev’s mother, Maria Panteleevna Gorbacheva (nee Gopkalo), back in the Soviet years. Maria Gorbacheva handed Razin a suitcase with her son’s personal belongings. The showman intended to make these things into a museum exhibition in honor of the former Secretary General.

“In a suitcase with Gorbachev’s papers, I found three photo albums dedicated to the 1936 Olympics, with the seal of the Reich Chancellery and Hitler’s signature,” Andrei Razin told Express Newspaper. - Maria Panteleevna said that Misha brought them when he worked as secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and was in charge of its archives. Somehow Gorbachev took the albums and hid them with his mother. There was also a German left-handed watch with a swastika and SS paraphernalia - crosses, embroidered shoulder straps, buttons. According to his mother, all this remains from wartime: Misha found a dead German officer somewhere and skinned him like a stick.”

According to Razin, Gorbachev’s parental home has been his property since the 1990s. The former showman’s grandmother, Valentina Mikhailovna Razina, now lives there. The ex-leader of “Tender May” told under what circumstances he received the “native land” of his famous fellow countryman. “On September 15, 1992, Maria Panteleevna called to congratulate me on my birthday and during the conversation asked me to enter into a guardianship agreement with her. She cried and complained that “Misha doesn’t want to take her home,” that “only she and Valya were left” ( Valentina Razina, who cared for Gorbachev's mother - approx. EADaily). I left the laid table and my friends and went to Privolnoye. The head of the village and the secretary of the village council, who is also a notary, were waiting for me at home to conclude a guardianship agreement with Maria Panteleevna. She insisted that for the care that I would provide her, all property should be transferred to my name. Well, I didn’t care as long as she didn’t worry.”

“Gorbachev was flying around all countries at that time and, as a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, taught people about life,” continues Andrei Razin. “For some reason I wrote in a Stavropol newspaper that a person who has forgotten his mother cannot care about the fate of the globe. A few days later, scandals began between us and trials began. But nothing worked out for Mikhail Sergeevich. We signed a settlement agreement only in 1995, after his family home and the entire archive became my property.”

As Stavropol journalists once said, Valentina Razina, who now lives in Gorbachev’s parental home, leads a rather secluded lifestyle and refuses the press attention to the place where the future last General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee was once born and grew up. According to the woman, there is “nothing to see in this house except the leaky roof.” “My grandmother, Valentina Mikhailovna, was friends with Mikhail Sergeevich’s mother, her neighbor Maria Panteleevna, all her life,” says Andrei Razin. - When she got old, she began to look after her. Just imagine: since 1985, when he became Secretary General, Gorbachev has never visited his mother! Even when he drove around the Caucasus Helmut Kohl and was several kilometers from my father’s house, I still didn’t stop by. I was embarrassed by my collective farm mother. He also didn’t send a penny of money. All her needs were provided by the collective farm. In 1985, six people from the KGB came to the village with their wives and children. People were evicted from the private houses closest to Maria Panteleevna’s site, and they moved in there ready-made. They blocked the street with a barrier. No one except my grandmother was allowed through freely. And when the USSR ceased to exist and Gorbachev resigned, all six KGB officers fled a few days later. They abandoned Maria Panteleevna, who had diabetes, to the mercy of fate. Weighing 150 kilograms, she turned out to be completely helpless. My grandmother could no longer cope with her alone, and I sent her my guard to help her.”

"Tender May" refused to return the house sold to him
The Krasnogvardeisky District Court of the Stavropol Territory signed yesterday a ruling on the arrest and inventory of the property of a house in the village of Privolnoye, which Andrei Razin's studio "Tender May" bought in January 1993 from Mikhail Gorbachev's mother, Maria Pantileevna, for 30 thousand rubles. The court's verdict was issued to secure a claim to invalidate the sale and purchase transaction of a house. The statement of claim was filed by 82-year-old Maria Gorbacheva, who claimed that Andrei Razin took possession of her house by fraud.

The controversial brick house in the village of Privolnoye ((Shkolny Lane, 1) was built in 1973 by a local collective farm for the parents of Mikhail Gorbachev. His mother lived in it for 20 years. In January 1993, Maria Pantileevna succumbed to the persuasion of the general director of the Studio company Tender May" by Andrei Razin and signed an agreement to sell him her house for 30 thousand rubles. Mr. Razin promised Maria Gorbacheva to pay an additional 5 million rubles for the building, and part of this amount (3 million rubles) was received in March. 1993 by her youngest son Alexander.
The mother of the former USSR president did not want to move to Moscow forever and agreed with Razin about her lifelong residence in the sold house. Later, this agreement was recorded in the “Tender May” guardianship agreement over Maria Gorbacheva. According to her lawyer Nikolai Gagarin, Razin deliberately forced an elderly, illiterate woman to sign such an agreement in order to create a scandalous situation by declaring in the press that Mikhail Gorbachev “abandoned” his mother. Three days after signing, the guardianship agreement was published in full in the regional Vedomosti with comments from Razin, who stated that Maria Pantileevna was starving, fainting, and the director of Tender May was buying her medicine in foreign currency pharmacies. Lawyer Gagarin, who traveled to Privolnoye, categorically denied all this information. He was convinced that “Tender May” did not fulfill any of the conditions of the guardianship agreement (to provide security, a gardener and a cook).
When Gorbachev's mother learned about the contents of the guardianship agreement she had signed, her health deteriorated sharply, and she was urgently hospitalized in the Kremlin hospital. Meanwhile, Andrei Razin, according to Gorbacheva’s neighbors, the Krotenko spouses, threw her things out of the house, “replaced the locks, ate all the chickens (70 heads), poisoned the dog.” Maria Gorbacheva's patience was overflowing, and she decided to cancel the contract for the sale of the house. She did not know that “Tender May”, represented by its “representative” Nikolai Korzhikov, had already sold this house to Razin himself as an individual - for 996 thousand rubles.
Nikolai Gagarin believes that the contract for the sale of the building to “Tender May” and the deal for its resale to Razin are illegal, since the latter “significantly misled Maria Gorbachev regarding his intentions and the scope of her rights to use the home ownership.” In addition, guardianship under the Civil Code is established only over persons declared incompetent by the court, and Maria Gorbacheva is not such.
Andrei Razin disrupted the first court hearing on this matter, declaring that he would not appear in court until the fall, as he was busy purchasing agricultural equipment in Belarus for the Southern Farmers Association. The court postponed the case, prohibiting persons hired by Razin from being in the disputed house. This court ruling comes into force on Monday, but this week Razin said in a letter to the Supreme Court that he would place armed guards in this house and give the command to “shoot to kill.” Kommersant will cover the progress of the trial.

EKATERINA Kommersant-ZAPODINSKAYA

When the first settlers came to these lands, they were amazed at the unprecedented beauty of the local nature and with all their hearts and once and for all gave the place they liked a suitable name - Privolnoye. Couldn't have said it better. Here truly wonderful landscapes open up to the eyes of the traveler, and for the villagers there is nothing sweeter in the world. The picturesque banks of the Yegorlyk River sheltered Ukrainian settlers on one side, and the Khokhols settled here, and on the other side, as you might guess, the Muscovites. And there is a noticeable hill in the vicinity, whose name is Gorbachi. Once upon a time, this is where the ancestors of the Gorbachev family settled. Back in the middle of the last century, their huts stood, which are no longer there, fell into disrepair, the place became unpromising, people moved to the center of the village, and the hill they inhabited became just a beautiful meadow...

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Photo from the collections of the Stavropol Local Lore Museum-Reserve named after. G. Prozritelev and G. Prave.

Several years ago, an expedition of employees of the Stavropol Local Lore Museum-Reserve named after. G. Prozritelev and G. Prave. Museum workers were attracted by the remains of an ancient Cossack redoubt located in the Krasnogvardeisky district, and the second main goal was to get acquainted with the small homeland of the most famous Privolnensky. Thus, in the rich storerooms of the museum, a somewhat unique fund of M. S. Gorbachev appeared. He is unique not because of some newly discovered facts from his biography - what new can be found here? – and records of simple human memories made during meetings with villagers. A participant in the expedition, researcher at the history department, Tatyana Ganina, told me about this.

“We will forever remember these ten days in Privolnoye precisely because of the opportunity to directly communicate with relatives, friends, and simply fellow villagers of Mikhail Sergeevich. Of course, I was generally interested in the opinion of my fellow countrymen about him. Nice, sweet, warm-hearted people live in Privolnoye. And the topic of Gorbachev is very difficult for them. In its own way, it’s even painful, because it has happened more than once that visiting tourists, people who call themselves journalists, simply grossly distorted and misinterpreted the words of Privolnaya residents... And articles, programs, films appeared that had little or no correspondence with reality...

It is known that in modern Russia the attitude towards the first President of the USSR is very ambiguous. Too much has changed, some perhaps not for the better. But the Privolnians do not want to judge their famous fellow countryman. All of them are almost unanimously, quietly, sincerely proud that their land is his homeland. Each resident will happily lead the guest along Naberezhnaya Street, to the house in which the elder Gorbachev family lived, where the daughter of the secretary of the regional committee of the CPSU, Irina, was raised as a child by her grandparents for some time. Today the house has a different owner, who carefully preserves its coziness like a peasant, complaining about the disrepair and problems with repairs. Families of Gorbachev's first and second cousins, former classmates and friends live on the neighboring streets.

Many of the museum workers’ interlocutors unanimously repeated: “he” was very trusting, soft, and in big politics with such a character you cannot resist, so they “set him up”, “they did not allow him to turn around, they put a spoke in his wheels.” And the whole village is just as unanimously confident that thanks to the name of Gorbachev, when he was at the pinnacle of power, Privolnoye became so well-appointed - to the envy of many. They even built a hospital here that was fit for any regional center. Today the village can no longer afford to maintain it. However, some residents believe that the local authorities did all this... out of fear: what will “he himself” say if he suddenly comes to his native land?

Popular rumor, as usual, preserves, passing from mouth to mouth, a variety of stories, some real and some semi-mythical. But there are still more real ones. “Misha studied very well at school, he was very capable, he grasped knowledge on the fly, in algebra lessons he even solved problems for the teacher! She used to cry, couldn’t decide, apparently she didn’t have enough literacy, but Misha would take it and decide!” “And he was smart! He played ditties on the balalaika, his father bought him a balalaika.” And it’s okay that some of the ditties were “with cuss words”; what kind of village kid doesn’t know them! Well, for this there was a scolding from the stern Maria Panteleevna... Classmates recalled that the Gorbachev family lived stronger than others. Firstly, for a long time, until he was 14 years old, Mikhail was an only child, and secondly, his father, Sergei Andreevich, thank God, returned alive from the war, but he was a sniper at the front! He was respected for his enormous hard work and calm, reasonable character. “Won’t hurt a fly!” He was an excellent mechanic. Surely the son also inherited his father’s best qualities, take at least the well-known story of young Mikhail being awarded an order for working as a helmsman for his father, a combine operator, during the 1946 harvest. The year turned out to be fruitful, of course, but the links of the father and son Gorbachevs, as well as their comrades father and son Yakovenko, threshed a record amount of grain. In the post-war years, it was not unusual for teenage boys to work in the fields alongside their elders. And this work, of course, is not easy. So both glorious families deservedly received awards: the fathers of the Order of Lenin, the sons of the Red Banner of Labor. Yes, the presence of a high award may have affected Mikhail’s successful admission to the university, but who would dare to accuse such an order bearer of careerism? “Then they didn’t give orders just like that!” - say the fellow countrymen. And they are right.

Young Gorbachev grew up like all the village kids: there was a lot of work in the farmstead, and he helped herd the cattle, and he met the cow in the evenings, and he fetched many buckets of water from the well... “He’s such a rich falcon!” – in the mouths of today’s Privolnensky grandmothers one can still hear echoes of old girlish loves. It was probably no coincidence that the young wife he brought, a thin city dweller, was initially greeted rather coldly. Our own rural assessment criteria had an impact. “She’s just as ordinary, dark-haired (tanned, that is). We thought – bring some wine!..”

Gorbachev’s former classmates, Natalya Stefanovna Kuzmenko and her husband Viktor Ivanovich, told museum workers how Mikhail’s grandfather personally “wrinkled his pistons”: there were such homemade leather shoes, traditional in the south. So Misha has pistons with fur inside - he loved, you know, his grandson’s grandfather. “And his handbag was so fancy,” that is, from hemp canvas, from which everything was sewn back then - pants, shirts, skirts... There were no briefcases. But Misha was awarded a New Year's briefcase for his excellent studies - a luxurious gift at that time.

Also, his fellow countrymen said, Misha loved to communicate with teachers, and they were all young then, not much older than the students themselves. In a word, psychologically Mikhail was clearly ahead of his peers. “He was rich, he had all the textbooks, that’s why he studied well,” explained one of his classmates. True, he immediately “declassified” innocently: “We’re not going to class, we’re sitting and playing with the ladies” (dice, that is). In fact, those who wanted to study, studied. Yes, one childhood friend dropped out of school at the age of 12, and remained an ordinary collective farmer all his life. And classmate Tamara Gavrilovna Polyakova (the wife, by the way, of Gorbachev’s second cousin) said: “I wanted to study so much, although I had to babysit the younger ones, but I still graduated from both school and the agricultural institute, and became an agronomist.” Other successful classmates include officer Gennady Donskoy, famous Stavropol poet Gennady Fateev...

The village also well remembers the “Khokhlyatsii” family of Gorbachev’s mother; her maiden name was Gopkalo. Maria Panteleevna’s father once headed a collective farm in Privolny, leaving a kind, grateful memory of himself. He helped many soldiers' widows in difficult years. Mikhail looks very similar to his grandfather, Pantelei Efimovich. Maria Panteleevna herself, they remember, was a simple, “ordinary” collective farmer woman, she worked like everyone else. She kept the house in order and strictness.

At the end of the seven-year school, Mikhail continued his studies, first in the neighboring village of Kommunar, and in the 10th and 11th grades at school No. 1 in Krasnogvardeisky, where he had to rent a room, and this also says a lot: a teenager is separated from his family, which means he has was independent and disciplined. And on weekends, to visit relatives, I had to walk about 15 kilometers! Occasionally, however, I was lucky - the collective farm chairman gave me a lift in a lorry, but more often I still got there on my own. And even then his fellow countrymen respected him for his “learnedness.” One of her peers, Alexandra Grigorievna Varnavskaya, also a Gorbachev in her maidenhood, recalled how more than once in the late evenings, when the lights in the whole village had already gone out, one window would glow for a long time: “Why is the Gorbachev’s light on? And this is Misha reading!”

Mikhail Sergeevich’s second cousin Pyotr Petrovich Polyakov, a former chief engineer on a collective farm, and his wife Tamara Gavrilovna, Gorbachev’s classmate, said in a conversation with museum workers: at the regional level, “he” was an excellent leader. And being the main regional commander, he never forgot the Privolnenskys; the doors of his regional committee office were always open for them. This was confirmed by his childhood friend Viktor Fedorovich Myagkikh: Gorbachev maintained purely human communication with his fellow countrymen at any government posts, there was no “distance”, but there were good and strong contacts.

Over the years, of course, meetings happen less and less often. But the tradition remains: to meet the distinguished guest in the building of the former board of the collective farm named after. Sverdlov, where the bank branch is located today. And the Privolnians really want their own Gorbachev museum to finally appear here, or at least a corner of it in the village museum. But so far there is no museum. There is only a detachment of enthusiasts collecting all sorts of memorable antiquities, but it is difficult to say when this spontaneous collection will be able to take on the form of a museum. It's a pity. It seems that the entire Stavropol region should be interested in this issue. Frankly, the fact that there is still no such museum in the small homeland of the Secretary General and the President is simply puzzling. Perhaps, thanks to the searches and discoveries of museum workers from the regional center, this gap will soon be filled? After all, no matter how you feel about the figure of Gorbachev, no matter how you praise or criticize him, his very name is part of our common history, isn’t it? Thanks to the name of Vladimir Lenin, modern Ulyanovsk has a unique quarter-memorial of the old city, and the village of Shushenskoye still attracts tourists, if not as a place of exile for the leader, then as a perfectly preserved corner of the Siberian village... Is this bad? The ideological layers are gone, but the historical memory remains.

Privolnoye deserves such a memory in all respects. One has only to walk along the quiet streets, in the spring with the intoxicating aroma of blooming gardens, or, stopping on the bridge, listen to the cheerful song of Yegorlyk.