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Ramadan: Do's and Don'ts Rules, conditions, prohibitions

18:00 25.06.2014

There are only two precepts and three necessary conditions for fasting, but there are a lot of interpretations of them, and it is often difficult for a fasting person to understand. "Russia for All" has collected all the rules and prohibitions in order to figure out which circumstances can break the fast and which ones can't.

There are only two precepts and three necessary conditions for fasting in the month of Ramadan, but there are a lot of interpretations of them, and it is often difficult for a fasting person to understand them. The Internet portal "Russia for All" has collected all the rules, prohibitions and conditions in one material in order to figure out what is possible and what is not, and what circumstances can break the fast and which ones cannot.

There are two prescriptions for fasting:

Intention (Niyat).

The fasting person must have a sincere intention in his heart to fast for the sake of Allah. It can be expressed in words like this:
Naviatu an asuuma savma shahri Ramadaan min al-fajri ilal-maghribi haalisan lillyahi ta'aala, which means: "I intended to fast the month of Ramadan from dawn to sunset sincerely for the sake of Allah Almighty."

Abstinence from food and other things. During fasting (from the beginning of the time of morning prayer (dawn) to sunset), it is necessary to completely refrain from eating, drinking, inhaling tobacco smoke, and sexual intercourse during the daytime.

In addition, there are three conditions under which a Muslim may fast. If at least one of them does not comply, it is forbidden for him to fast:

the person must be of legal age (according to Shariah);
a person must be of sound mind, that is, not mentally ill;
a person should be able to fast, should not be sick.

"Fast - and you will be healthy"

Who is exempt from the post?

Travelers on a long journey. A traveler can be considered one who is away from the place of residence at a distance of 90 km or more and stays at the place of stay for less than 15 days. If this person does not find it difficult to fast, then he can fast if he wishes. In Islam, there are no prescriptions for the obligatory non-observance of fasting by travelers.
Sick. Fasting during illness can harm the health of the fasting person and contribute to the deterioration of his condition, which is prohibited in Islam.
Women during menstruation and postpartum cleansing.
Pregnant and lactating women who fear for the health of their child or for themselves.
People who are old, unable to fast, or terminally ill. This category of believers must make a donation for each missed day of fasting in the amount of fidia-sadaqah. However, if in the future a person has the strength and ability to fast, then the missed days should be compensated, and in this case, these donations will be considered voluntary (nafil) sadaka. Phidiah-sadaqah is a donation, the amount of which is considered sufficient to feed one poor person twice a day.

“O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those who were before you. Maybe you will be God-fearing"

What breaks the fast?

Circumstances that break the fast and require expiation (kaffara):

Intentional smoking, ingestion of food, liquids, drugs and anything that is fit for consumption.
Intentional marital intimacy.

Circumstances that break the fast and require compensation:

The entry of drugs into the body through the nose and ears;
Enema use;
Intentionally inducing vomiting;
The onset of menstruation or the postpartum period;
The ingress of water into the nasopharynx during ablution (taharat, ghusl).

"Fasting belongs to Me and I repay it"

What does not break the fast?

Ate or drank, forgetting about fasting.
Taking a shower.
Food tasting.
Rinsing the mouth and washing the nose.
Instillation of drugs in the eyes, tinting the eyes with antimony.
Swallowing the rest of the food left between the teeth, if its size is less than a pea.
Brushing teeth with a miswak.
Blood donation, bloodletting.
Incense inhalation.
Involuntary release of sperm.
Small amount of vomiting.

In the month of Ramadan, fasting people eat only twice: in the morning (Suhoor) and in the evening (Iftar).

Suhoor

Suhoor is the time before dawn, intended for eating before the time of fasting.

Eating must be completed before the first signs of approaching dawn. As with any meal, it is not recommended to overeat during suhoor, but it is necessary to eat enough to gain strength for the whole day of fasting.

“Eat before dawn! Verily, in suhoor is grace!”

(al-Bukhari, Muslim, an-Nasai, at-Tirmizi)

Iftar

Iftar (breaking the fast) - evening meal after the end of the day's fast (with sunset). Believers who fasted throughout the day thank the Almighty for the opportunity to use His bounties in the month of Ramadan and turn to Him with a prayer for His acceptance of their fast and forgiveness of the mistakes they made out of knowledge and ignorance:

Allahumma lakaya sumtu va bikya aamantu wa ‘alaykya tavyakkyaltu wa ‘alaya rizkykya aftartu fagfirlii yaya gaffaaru maa kaddamtu wa maa ahhartu, which in translation means: “O Allah, for Your sake I fasted, I believed in You, I relied on You. Make the conversation what You gave me. Forgive me, O Forgiving, those sins that were earlier and future.

Postponing the meal to a later time is undesirable.

What is "Taraweeh"?

Tarawih prayer is an obligatory (muakkyada) sunnah (meaning that abstaining from it is very undesirable for a Muslim).

« Whoever stands up the prayer in the month of Ramadan with faith [in its significance] and the expectation of a reward [for it only from the Lord], the previous sins will be forgiven.”

The time for performing the Tarawih prayer comes after the night prayer (Isha) and lasts until dawn. This prayer is performed every day during the entire month of Ramadan (the month of obligatory fasting). Namaz "Vitr" (performed after the night prayer) these days is performed after the prayer "Tarawih".

It is highly desirable to perform this prayer together with other believers (jama‘at) in the mosque, although it is also allowed to perform it individually. If a person could not perform the Tarawih prayer before the expiration of its term, then it is not necessary to make up for it.

Mecca fasting time

In summertime, in some countries, the time between sunrise and sunset can be up to 19 hours or more, which, especially in hot weather, somewhat complicates the observance of refusing food and, first of all, water. However, there is one indulgence in this regard, since "Muslim canonical prescriptions do not aim to subject the believer to torment, bring him difficulties, oppress him," theologians say. After all, life and health are of paramount importance in Islam.

In this regard, those who find it difficult to fast due to too long daylight hours in the place where the person is located can fast according to Mecca time, Shamil Alyautdinov’s Umma website writes about this and quotes the words of the famous Egyptian scientist Ali Juma, who was asked a similar question

“Given that in some states the days are long, far beyond the average day length (12 hours), for example, reaching 19 hours, which leads to a serious burden on Muslims in terms of fasting (creates unbearable difficulties for them), we believe that local communities (imams, muftis of these regions) should determine for themselves the average time of the length of the day, using the fasting schedule of the nearest areas where the day is moderate, or guided by the Meccan or Medina timetable, that is, by the time of those areas where Muslim legislation was formed ', replied the theologian.

Therefore, if a person feels physical difficulties, which, as the resource leads, becomes apparent on the third day of Ramadan, then he can make a morning meal according to, for example, Moscow time, and break the fast in Meccan.

Questions about Ramadan "Hot Ten" - 1

1. When does Ramadan start?

This year, the Holy month of Ramadan in Russia begins with the evening prayer time (Maghrib) on August 20th. You should fast from August 21st. The fast ends with the evening prayer on September 20.

2. What is the right way to fast?

In order for the fast to be accepted by the Almighty, it is necessary to have the intention and refrain from actions that break the fast. It is also necessary that there are no circumstances under which it is not allowed to fast (special conditions for women). This means that a woman cannot fast on the days of menstruation and on the days of postpartum cleansing.

It is important to note here that the lack of ritual purity, which occurs after marital intimacy and under other circumstances, is not an obstacle to the validity of fasting.

As for the intention, it is sufficient if a person intends to fast mentally, without pronouncing the intention aloud. As the sun sets, you should have the intention in your heart to fast the next day. The time for setting the intention ends with the morning dawn. However, for the day of fasting in the month of Ramadan, it is permissible to make an intention after sunrise.

For each individual day of the month of fasting, a separate intention is required. The best time to make the intention of fasting is before dawn.

3. What breaks the fast?

Fasting is violated by eating, drinking and intimacy during daylight hours. How to determine when this time comes and ends, you can read below.

Along with eating and drinking, smoking and taking medications are also prohibited. Also, along with intimacy, other actions of a sexual nature that satisfy sexual passion are prohibited.

It is important to note here that the absence of ablution does not break the fast. Fasting can be kept without being in a state of ritual purity.

You can read more about which actions break the fast and which do not break the fast here.

Read below about what to do if, due to negligence, forgetfulness, or other accidental circumstances, the fast was violated.

4. When is the time to fast and when does it end?

Muslims fast during daylight hours. Even before dawn, it is necessary to take the last meal, usually no later than 2 hours before sunrise, which is called suhoor. This is Sunnah. Thus, fasting should begin at dawn. In the timetables for performing prayers, it is indicated first.

The post ends at sunset. This means that with the onset of the time for evening prayer, the time for breaking the fast also comes. This break is called iftar.

You can see the schedule of prayer times in your city for the next month here. Print it out so it's always at hand. Pass it on to friends who need it. Explain to them what time fasting starts and when it ends.

5. For whom is fasting obligatory?

Fasting in the month of Ramadan is the duty of every mentally healthy Muslim who has reached puberty. However, if fasting is fraught with serious difficulties for a Muslim (for example, travel) or a danger to health, then it is permissible to postpone it for a more appropriate moment.

6. How to fast a sick person, a pregnant woman, a nursing mother?

If a person is ill and fasting can harm his condition, then it is permissible to postpone fasting. This means that during an illness you can not fast, but after recovery, you need to make up for the missed days. If a person is terminally ill, or due to senile weakness is not able to fast, then he must feed the poor (based on his daily diet) for each day of fasting. If there is no such possibility, then the duty of fasting is not assigned to such a Muslim.

As for pregnant and lactating women, if they are afraid for the health of the baby or their health, fasting can be postponed until a more appropriate moment.

7. How can I make up for missed days of fasting?

First you need to figure out why the post was skipped. Be extremely honest with yourself. And remember that you don't have to tell other people why and when you missed a fast day. Make a promise to yourself that you will try to never skip a fast without a reason, which according to Shariah is considered quite good. And of course, make up for the missed day in accordance with the rules.

The reasons why a post might have been skipped fall into two categories. The first of them - out of illness, out of necessity, out of ignorance, out of weakness of faith - requires that you fast on another day to compensate for the missed day of fasting. To do this, you need to fast exactly as many days as were missed. At the same time, you must make the intention that you want to make up for the missed day of fasting.

The second reason is the intentional interruption of an already begun post. Such a circumstance is considered a gross violation of the fast and requires not only repentance, but also commit kaffarat. This means that a Muslim must fast continuously for two months, not falling on Ramadan or the days of major holidays, and if health does not allow, then feed sixty poor people.

8. Can I have sex during Ramadan?

As mentioned above, during daylight hours, intimate relationships between spouses are prohibited. However, with the onset of the time when fasting ends, intimate relationships become permissible.

At the same time, it should be remembered that such relationships are allowed only for spouses, and adultery (extramarital and premarital relationships) is prohibited regardless of the month and time of day. In addition, in intimate relationships, there are certain rules that Muslims must adhere to.

In addition to the five obligatory prayers that a Muslim is obliged to perform in any other months, it is highly desirable to perform the Tarawih prayer in a minimum of 8 - a maximum of 20 rak'ahs. This action is sunnah. You can read about the rules for reading this prayer here.

It would be unwise to neglect other additional prayers in the month of Ramadan, since worship at this time is especially valuable. Do not forget about du'a (appeal to the Almighty), because the requests of those who fast are accepted, many hadiths speak about this.

Remember that Ramadan is the best time for night prayers, reading the Koran, staying in Igtikaf, learning about Islam.

10. What should I do if I accidentally take food or water while fasting?

It also happens that, due to forgetfulness, a Muslim drank water or took food during fasting, but then remembered that he was fasting. How should he be in this situation? Remembering his fast, a person should immediately leave the action that can break it. In this case, the fast remains valid and the Muslim should continue to fast further.

If a person took food by mistake (for example, he decided that iftar time had come), he should continue his fast, but then at the end of Ramadan, restore one day as a debt.

The ninth month of the Muslim calendar, Ramadan, is one of the four holy months of the year. Men and women at this time hold a strict fast of Uraz, which is one of the main pillars of Islam. The main specificity of this fasting is that the quantitative composition of food is not regulated - everything is allowed to eat, and only the time of eating plays an important role. Let's figure out how to properly hold Uraza for a woman so that long-term abstinence benefits the body. After all, in addition to spiritual purification, Muslims fast to improve the body.

Why keep Uraza in the month of Ramadan

Fasting in Uraza contributes to the expiation of sins that were committed during the year. Ramadan is 30 or 29 days (depending on the lunar month) of strict fasting. During this period, Muslims should set aside time for donations, almsgiving, reflection, contemplation and all sorts of good deeds. However, the main task of every believer is not to drink water and not eat food from dawn to dusk. Unlike the Orthodox fast (Assumption or Great), in which it is forbidden to eat meat, fish, eggs and dairy products, during Uraza it is allowed to eat any food in moderation.

The main activity of Muslims in Ramadan is prayer. Before sunrise, each believer makes a niyat (intention) to observe Uraza, and then eats 30 minutes before dawn and prays. Namaz during the holy month are held in mosques, where Muslims come with their children or at home with relatives and neighbors. If a believer in the month of Ramadan is in other latitudes, then, according to the Hanafi madhhab (teaching), he reads the obligatory morning prayer according to Meccan time.

How to hold Uraza for a woman

During Uraza, Muslim women, like men, are prohibited from intimate life during daylight hours, and some especially believers prefer complete abstinence from sexual contact throughout the entire thirty-day fast. Traditionally, after sunset, believers gather in large families to eat dishes after a day's fast. Women prepare meals during the daytime, so they are allowed to taste the food while it is being prepared. Men are strictly forbidden.

How to eat properly

In the first days of Ramadan, you have to starve for about 20 hours, so imams (Muslim priests) advise eating foods with a lot of fiber: oats, millet, barley, lentils, unpolished rice, wholemeal flour, millet, legumes. The morning menu of a Muslim woman must necessarily consist of fruits, berries, vegetables, meat, fish, bread and dairy products.

It is better not to complicate your Ramadan menu with culinary delights, but to give preference to light salads seasoned with yogurt or vegetable oil. Such food does not irritate the stomach, improving digestion. To make fasting easier, broths made from lean beef, chicken, lean fish, or vegetables are helpful. In Ramadan, women should refrain from fried foods, completely replacing them with steamed or stewed foods. In the process of cooking, you need to dose the following products that stimulate the production of hydrochloric acid, which irritates the walls of the stomach:

spices;
garlic;
caraway;
cilantro;
mustard.

For dinner, Muslims are advised to cook low-calorie meals and not get too carried away with meat. During the day during Uraza it is forbidden to drink water, but after sunset it is advisable to drink from 2 to 3 liters of water to replenish the water balance. Nutritionists, while observing Uraza, urge to exclude carbonated drinks, replacing them with natural juices, mineral water, herbal teas.

Prayer

The obligatory prayer for all Muslims who hold Uraza is the Tarawih prayer. Its time comes after the night prayer of Isha and ends shortly before the appearance of dawn. Namaz Tarawih is better to read together with other believers, but if this is not possible, then it is permissible to read the prayer individually. In general, Islam is a religion that welcomed the attendance of collective prayers, and the mosque promotes communication when joint prayers are performed that praise Allah and the Prophet Muhammad while reading the Koran.

What not to do - prohibitions

Prohibitions during the period of Uraza are divided into strict and undesirable. Strict prohibitions are classified as actions that break the fast, and require mandatory compensation for one day of Ramadan 60 days of continuous fasting at any other time. These include: intentional eating, vomiting, and sexual intercourse. Also, during Uraza, you can not take potions, capsules, tablets, make injections, drink alcohol and smoke. Undesirable actions in Ramadan that require only replenishment (1 day of fasting for one violation) include:

Eating out of forgetfulness.
Involuntary vomiting.
Swallowing something that is not medicine or food.
Touching the husband, kisses that do not lead to sexual intercourse.

At what age do girls start fasting?

The girl begins to keep the post from her adulthood. A Muslim child reaches puberty when he reaches 15 years of age. Girls are allowed to fast even earlier if menstruation has come or if they have their own desire. If all of the above signs are absent, then according to Muslim customs, the girl should not fast.

It is difficult now to overestimate the importance of a 30-day fast for human health. Even science has proven that when starving, the human body is cleansed of excess weight, salts, bile, under-oxidized metabolic products, breathing normalizes. The experience of centuries shows that Uraza is the most effective method to get rid of various chronic diseases: allergies, gallstones, osteochondrosis and migraine. During fasting, defense mechanisms are increased, the immune system is stimulated, and the aging process is delayed.

Beginners need to know that all sorts of excesses are excluded this month, and there are special rules for eating and drinking. Immediately after sunset, the fasting person eats only light food, and a couple of hours before dawn - solid food. Such food is considered pleasing to God, therefore it serves the forgiveness of sins. At the evening meal, it is desirable that a mullah or a person who knows the Koran well be present, he will read suras and talk about the deeds of the Lord. Secular conversations are not prohibited during the evening conversation.

Can pregnant and lactating women fast?

Women in the postpartum period or during menstruation do not observe Uraza - this is confirmed by the relevant Sunnahs. As for pregnant and lactating mothers, they can completely or selectively refuse fasting at their discretion, especially if they are afraid for their or their child's health. As for making up for the missed fast, the woman makes such a decision on her own.

Without full ablution

Sometimes, for some independent reason, a woman does not have a full ablution, and fasting has already begun. For example, menstruation ended at night, or marital intimacy took place, or spouses overslept the morning meal. This should not bother a woman in any way, because complete ablution and observance of Uraza are in no way interconnected with each other. Ritual purity is needed only for prayer.

When do menses come

According to the rules of Islam, during menstruation, Uraza must be interrupted in any case, regardless of marital status and age. Prayer prayers are not performed either, since a woman does not have ritual purity. According to the rules, the missed days of fasting at the end of Ramadan must be made up one by one in a row or in a breakdown at the discretion of the Muslim woman. But the woman does not make up for the missed prayers.

What to do if it's hard to keep Uraza in the heat

When the month of Ramadan falls in the summer heat, it is very difficult for Muslims to keep Uraza, because thirst increases on hot days, and refusal of water can negatively affect human health. Moreover, during a 30-day fast, it is forbidden not only to drink, but even to rinse your mouth, because drops of water can get into the stomach. In this case, Islam gives some relief for pregnant women, children, travelers, the elderly and seriously ill people.

Fasting one day or intermittently every other day

If a Muslim woman has serious illnesses, for example, diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis and others, then she can keep Uraza not every day, but every other day. Fasting is not so much abstinence from food and water, but the promotion of spiritual growth, the purification of thoughts. But if a woman can keep Uraza with such diseases, then she should eat fresh raw vegetables, fruits, nuts, do not overeat, do not attack food at the Uraz-Bayram holiday, when Ramadan ends.

Video

When a woman holds Uraza for the first time, long before the onset of Ramadan, she needs to set herself up for the fact that this is not a hunger strike, but a great joyful holiday, so that there is a feeling of a fun event. It should be remembered that the fasting person receives a reward, which in Ramadan multiplies all the good deeds of a person. And for violating Uraza without a good reason, a Muslim woman will have to pay a certain amount to the needy and make up for the missed day with any day of fasting. See in the video tips for women starting to hold Uraza:

Fasting for Muslim women and men in 2019

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, the date of which changes every year. In 2019, Muslims begin to hold it on May 16, and on June 15, Muslim men and women around the world celebrate the greatest holiday of Eid al-Fitr. On this day, they give alms, remember relatives and friends, visit the graves of deceased relatives.

Schedule

The time of the predawn meal (suhoor) ends before the onset of the morning prayer (Fajr) 10 minutes in advance. At the end of the evening prayer (Maghrib), one should break the fast, preferably with water and dates, after pronouncing an appeal to Allah. The night prayer is Isha, after which 20 rak'ahs (cycles) of Tarawih prayer are performed for men, followed by Witr prayer.

If the fasting out of forgetfulnessperform forbidden actions during the day (eating, drinking, sexual intercourse), according to the madhhabs of Imams ash-Shafi'i and Abu Hanifa, fasting is not violated, according to the madhhab of Imam Malik, it is violated, and according to the madhhab of Imam Ahmad, eating and drinking due to forgetfulness does not spoil the fast, and from sexual intercourse it spoils.

If a fasting person is forcibly fed or forced to have sexual intercourse with a woman, according to the madhhabs of the imams and Malik, fasting is violated, according to the madhhab of Imam al-Shafi’i, Rafi’i says that he is spoiled, and al-Nawawi says that he is not spoiled.

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Kaffarat (fine)

Kaffarat is imposed on a man who, of his own free will, being of age and conscious, breaks his fast during the month of fasting through sexual intercourse, for no other reason, and is from the category on which fasting is imposed. If at least one of these conditions is not met, then such a person should not pay kaffarat:

1. one who broke the fast without sexual intercourse;

2. one who had sexual intercourse at night;

3. one who had sexual intercourse during the day outside of the month of Ramadan;

4. one who fasted, thinking that this day is from the month of Ramadan, but it turned out not to be so;

5. the one who did it, not knowing that it was sinful;

6. woman;

7. underage and crazy;

8. one who did not read the intention at night or interrupted the fast with something else during the day, and then took up this;

9. one who does this on the way, relying on the fact that the traveler is allowed not to fast;

10. one who committed adultery on the way;

11. one who, believing that it was still night, was doing this, but it turned out that it was morning;

12. one who, out of forgetfulness, ate, and then, thinking that the fast was broken, took up this;

13. one who died before sunset or went mad after doing this, since the rest of the day the obligation of fasting is removed from him.

Anyone who, doing this, breaks his fast, is punished - this is a sin; failure to do anything in the rest of the day that breaks the fast; mandatory compensation; kaffarat.

It is imposed only on the one who committed sexual intercourse, but not on the one with whom they committed.

Some say that a woman should also pay kaffarat (if the intimacy was not violent). According to the madhhab of Imams Abu Hanifa and Malik, husband and wife are both subject to kaffarat. According to the madhhabs of imams ash-Shafi’i and Malik, kaffarat must be paid equal in number of days during which the fast was interrupted. If in one day an intimate relationship occurs several times, kaffarat is imposed only once.

1. The category of persons on whom kaffarat is imposed along with the obligation to reimburse it. In this case, kaffarat is equal to the release of a slave, and if there is no slave, then you need to fast for two months in a row, if at least one day of them is missed, then the countdown starts anew. Even if he misses the post on the last day; forget about the intention for at least one day; miss due to illness or while on the road - you still need to start the time report from the beginning. What is said about skipping at least one day is according to a new study of the madhhab of Imam al-Shafi’i, and according to early teachings, when you miss a fast for these reasons, you do not need to start counting two months anew, but continue to compensate. For this fast, you need to make an intention on the eve of each day and at the same time emphasize that this fast is kaffarat (no need to say that you fast in a row).

If two months in a row (for health reasons), then you need to feed sixty poor or indigent people. The state of health is considered as the inability to fast or the inability at any time of the year to fast for two months in a row.

For example, one who is able to fast in winter wants to fast in summer, but could not fast in summer, then this is accepted as an inability to fast for health reasons. It is considered inability to fast that the fasting person will get into a difficult situation in which he is allowed to do tayammum.

Both months are also counted according to the lunar calendar. And those sixty poor people who need to be fed must be from the category of persons receiving zakat. They also need to be given one mudd each of the most commonly used product in the area. It is enough to put sixty mudds in front of these sixty poor people and say that they can (mudds) take away, since they are their (mudds) owners. At the same time, you also need to have the intention to pay kaffarat.

Recipients may not take more than they are entitled to. After a person has paid mudds to the poor, he turned out to be able to fast, it is desirable for him to remove kaffarat from himself by fasting, and those mudds that he has already paid turn into (sadaqa). He can leave everything on the mudds too.

By the right word, Kaffarat is not deducted from the one who distributes muddas to his dependents. But if someone else pays kaffarat from him, then these mudds can be given to the family of the one for whom kaffarat is paid.

Ibrahim Mansurov

Audio version of this article:

In the month of Ramadan, during fasting hours (from dawn to sunset), having direct sexual intimacy with your wife is strictly prohibited. From the moment the sun sets until the time the morning prayer begins, the spouses can have intimate contact without any restrictions. If sexual intimacy took place during the hours of fasting, then the fast is broken. A person who violates it in this way is obliged to atone for his sin by a two-month continuous fast. If, due to physical weakness, he is not able to fast for two months in a row, then he must feed sixty poor people, allocating for each the amount that he (who breaks the fast) spends on average daily food for an adult member of his family.

As for the question of who is entrusted with this form of atonement for sin - the husband or the wife, then all theologians talk about the husband and many about the wife. But Shafi'i theologians, for example, are more inclined to believe that this form of atonement does not concern the wife. She will only need to restore one day of the broken fast.

In the case when the spouses did this out of forgetfulness or ignorance, no atonement for sin is provided.

If such (deliberate) violation of the fast was repeated, then the violated sanctity of each of the days of the obligatory fast of the spouse must be expiated by a two-month continuous fast.