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CONTRACT - PUBLIC OFFER

Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Publishing House "Nauka" represented by Acting Director Korotkov Dmitry Pavlovich, acting on the basis of the Charter, hereinafter referred to as "Publisher", on the one hand, and the Internet user, hereinafter referred to as "User", on the other hand, collectively referred to as the "Parties", have entered into this agreement (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement")

The agreement, in accordance with Article 435 and Part 2 of Article 437 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, is a public offer (offer) to an unlimited number of persons, Internet users.

In accordance with Article 438 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, full and unconditional acceptance (acceptance) of the Agreement is the confirmation by the User of his consent to the terms of the Agreement or the implementation of a voluntary payment by him.

1. Terms used in the Agreement

1.1. User - an Internet user who has accepted the terms of the Agreement and is registered on the Publishing House Website.

1.2. Works (Content) - electronic versions of scientific publications, including periodicals and non-periodicals, presented in electronic form on the Internet in various formats, posted on the Publishing House Website, available to Users through the Publishing House Website.

1.3.Catalog - a collection of Works.

1.4.Login and Password - two unique sets of characters that identify the User.

1.5. The Publishing House website is an information resource on the Internet owned by the Publishing House located on the domain

1.6.Download - recording by the User of the Works in the computer memory.

1.7.Billing - payment accounting system.

1.8.User Account - User's authentication and personal data stored on the servers of the Publishing House Site. An account is created as a result of the User's registration procedure and may be required in order to use some of the features or certain functions of the Site.

2. Subject of the Agreement

2.1. The "Publishing House" provides the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Works presented in the Catalog on a paid basis. The "Publisher" may provide the User with other services on the terms of the Annexes to the Agreement.

2.2. The User can issue and pay for a preliminary annual (partial annual) subscription to the ability to view, read and download electronic versions of the Works, as well as a preliminary subscription to the ability to receive a collection of Works that are not placed in the Catalog at the time of registration and payment.

3. Obligations of the parties

3.1. Responsibilities of the "Publishing House":

3.1.1. Provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work no later than 24 hours from the moment Billing confirms the payment made and identifies the User as the payer of the payment made. In the case of registration and payment by the User of a preliminary subscription in accordance with clause 2.2. of the Agreement, provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Works no later than 24 hours from the moment they are placed in the Catalog, subject to confirmation by Billing of the earlier payment and identification of the User as the payer of the payment made.

3.1.2. Do not disclose to third parties the Login and Password, the User's e-mail address, as well as other information received from the User during registration.

3.1.3. Notify the User about changes in the terms of the Agreement and its Annexes by posting relevant information on the Publishing House Website at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the changes come into force.

3.2. Obligations of the User:

3.2.1. Register on the Publishing House website. Set a Login and Password, the uniqueness of which is confirmed by the "Publishing House". At the same time, strictly and strictly follow the instructions of the Publishing House on the registration procedure posted on the Publishing House Website.

3.2.2. Make payment for the opportunity to view, read and download the Works in accordance with clause 4 of the Agreement.

3.2.3. Ensure the confidentiality of the Login and Password provided during registration.

3.2.4. Use the downloaded Works solely for personal purposes.

In this case, the User is granted the following rights to use the Works:

carry out remote access on the Internet through the Publishing House Website to the Works, which means the ability to search, view, download and read the Works.
to quote in the original and in translation for scientific, research, polemical, critical and informational purposes excerpts from the Works to the extent justified by the purpose of quoting,
use separate parts of the Works from them as illustrations in publications, in radio and television programs, sound and video recordings of an educational nature to the extent justified by the goal;
the use of the Works (their constituent parts) under this Agreement is carried out with the obligatory indication of the name of the authors (co-authors) of the Works (their constituent parts), the name of the copyright holder of the Works specified in the Work.

3.2.5. The user does not have the right to:

transfer or distribute the downloaded Works to third parties, either in full or in part, except as provided in clause 3.2.4. Agreement;
communicate publicly the Works, both in full and in part, through well-known broadcasting channels, such as radio, television, etc., except for the cases provided for in clause 3.2.4. Agreement;
alter, modify or otherwise process the texts of the Works.
use other software tools for automatic search and download, except for those implemented on the Publishing House Website

Failure to comply with the requirements of clause 3.2.5. The agreement is a violation of copyright law and is punishable by law!

3.2.6. All information posted on the Publishing House Website about the procedure for using the Catalogue, the payment procedure and other features of the execution of the Agreement is an integral part of the Agreement and is binding on the User.

4. Terms of payment

4.1. The User makes an advance payment in Russian rubles on the terms specified on the Publishing House Website.

4.2. Payment methods are indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. The agreed payment method is the method chosen by the User from the available payment methods on the Publishing House Website.

4.3. The procedure for paying with bank cards is indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. Transactions using bank cards can be made exclusively by the cardholder. Bank card transactions are authorized by the bank. Acceptance and processing of payments using bank cards is carried out by the Yandex.Checkout electronic payment provider or another electronic payment provider. The "Publisher" does not process, including the collection and storage of Users' bank card data.

4.4. For Users who are legal entities, payment is available only by non-cash bank transfer from the User's current account to the current account of the "Publishing House".

4.5. The price of enabling the User - an individual to view, read and download the Works is indicated on the Publishing House Website in the relevant sections. For users who are legal entities, prices are sent by the "Publishing House" upon request through the agreed communication channels. The Publisher has the right to unilaterally change the current prices by posting the relevant information on the Publisher's Website or informing the Users in another accessible way. Any change in prices does not apply to already paid access.

5. Responsibility of the parties. Limitation of Liability of the Publisher.

5.1. The User assumes full responsibility and risks associated with the use of the Catalog.

5.2. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of the Login and Password.

5.3. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of the information transmitted by the "Publishing House" to the e-mail address specified by the User during registration.

5.4. The "Publisher" is not responsible for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Catalog.

5.5. The "Publisher" is not responsible for the quality of access to the Catalog via the Internet.

5.6. Under no circumstances is the Publishing House liable for the use by third parties of the Login and Password.

5.7. The "Publisher" is not responsible for direct or indirect damage incurred by the User as a result of data transmission errors, failures/defects in the operation of software and/or equipment, data loss and damage, data processing or display errors, delays in data transmission and other failures. that happened through no fault of the Publishing House.

5.8. The Publishing House website and all related services are provided on an "as is" basis, without any express or implied warranties that the specified Website and (or) services may or may not be suitable for specific purposes of use.

5.9. The "Publisher" is not responsible for the impossibility of using the Site, and (or) related services by the User for any reason, including, but not limited to: errors, omissions, interruptions, deletion, defects, delay in processing or transmission of data, disruption of lines communications, equipment malfunction, any technical failures or other problems of any telephone networks or services, computer systems, servers or providers, computer or telephone equipment, software, failure to fulfill obligations of providers of certain services, theft, destruction or unauthorized access to User materials, posted on the Site or in any other place, etc.

5.10. Under no circumstances shall the "Publishing House" be liable for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage, including lost profits or lost data, damage to honor, dignity or business reputation that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Site and (or) related services.

5.11. If it is impossible for the "Publisher" to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work for reasons beyond the control of the "Publisher", the "Publisher" at the request of the User shall return the received advance payment. At the same time, the liability of the "Publisher" is limited to the amount of the advance payment received from the User for the opportunity to view, read and download the Work, which was not provided.

6. Duration of the Agreement

6.1. The Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of the Agreement (each Appendix to the Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of this Appendix) and is valid until the Parties fully fulfill their obligations.

7. Force majeure circumstances

7.1. The Parties are released from liability for partial or complete failure to fulfill obligations under this Agreement if such failure was a direct result of force majeure circumstances (force majeure) that arose after the conclusion of the Agreement, as a result of extraordinary events, namely: fire, flood, hurricane and earthquake or the imposition of restrictions by state authorities on the activities of any of the Parties, and if these circumstances the Parties could neither foresee nor prevent reasonable measures.

8. Other terms

8.1. In the event that any provision or any part of the provision of the Agreement is declared invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions and parts of the provisions of the Agreement remain in full force and effect.

8.2. All Annexes to this Agreement are its integral part.

8.3. In all other respects, the Parties agreed to be guided by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

8.4. The "Publisher" has the right to make changes to the Agreement with the obligatory posting of the relevant information on the "Publisher's" Website no later than 30 (thirty) calendar days before the entry into force of the relevant changes.

8.5. For any questions that arise, the User has the right to contact the Publishing House Support Service at the email address:

9. Dispute Resolution

9.1. Disputes and disagreements that may arise under this Agreement are resolved by observing the pre-trial (claim) procedure. The term for consideration by the "Publishing House" of the claim is 10 (ten) calendar days from the date of its receipt from the User.

9.2. If the Parties do not come to an agreement, these disputes and disagreements are resolved in court in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the court at the location of the "Publishing House" in accordance with the rules of jurisdiction and jurisdiction.

10. Privacy Notice

10.1 The User's consent to the provision of personal information is determined by agreement with this public offer, which occurs automatically when the User completes the registration procedure on the Publishing House Website.

10.2 "Publisher" collects and stores only the necessary personal data of the User. The "Publisher" may use the User's personal data for identification, clarification of payment data, provision of personalized services, feedback from the User, processing applications and requests, performing depersonalized statistical calculations and improving the quality of services provided to the User.

10.3. The "Publisher" has the right to transfer the User's personal information to third parties only in cases where the User has expressed his consent to such actions, the transfer is necessary to provide the service to the User, the transfer is provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

"Publishing house": FSUE "Publishing house "Nauka"

TERMS OF USE

1. General Provisions

1.1. This User Agreement (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement) refers to the website of the Electronic Library System - www. (hereinafter referred to as the “Electronic Library System”).

1.2. Website of the "Electronic Library System" www. (hereinafter referred to as the Site) is the property of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Academic Scientific Publishing, Production and Printing and Book Distribution Center "Nauka" (FSUE "Publishing House" Nauka ").

1.3. This Agreement governs the relationship between the Administration of the site "Electronic Library System" www. (hereinafter referred to as the Site Administration) and the User (Users) of this Site.

1.4. This agreement, in accordance with Article 435 and paragraph 2 of Article 437 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, is a public offer to an unlimited number of persons, Internet users.

1.5. In accordance with Article 438 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, full and unconditional acceptance (acceptance) of the Agreement is:

confirmation by the User of his consent to the terms of the Agreement;
making an advance payment;
the beginning of the use of any Work;
the beginning of using any services of the Site on the terms of the Agreement.

1.6. The site administration reserves the right to change, add or remove clauses of this Agreement at any time without notifying the User.

1.7. Continued use of the Site by the User means acceptance of the Agreement and the changes made to this Agreement.

1.8. The User is personally responsible for checking this Agreement for changes in it.

2. Terms used in the Agreement

2.1. User - an Internet user, any individual or legal entity (representative of a legal entity) who voluntarily completed the Registration and / or started using any services of the Site.

2.2. Works (Content) - electronic versions of scientific publications, including periodicals, as well as non-periodical publications, presented in electronic form on the Internet in various formats, posted on the "Electronic Library System" Website, available to Users through the "Electronic Library System" Website.

2.3. Catalog - a collection of Works.

2.4. Login and Password are two unique character sets that identify the User.

2.5. The site "Electronic Library System" is an information resource on the Internet, owned by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Publishing House" Nauka ", located on the domain www. .

2.6. Site Administration - employees authorized to manage the Site, acting on behalf of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Publishing House" Nauka "

2.7. Downloading - recording by the User of the Works in the computer memory.

2.8. Billing is a payment accounting system.

2.9. User Account - Authentication and personal data of the User stored on the servers of the Site "Electronic Library System". An account is created as a result of the User's registration procedure and may be required in order to use some of the features or certain functions of the Site.

3. Subject of the Agreement

3.1. "Electronic Library System" provides the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Works presented in the Catalog on a paid basis.

3.2. The User can issue and pay for a preliminary annual (partial annual) subscription to the ability to view, read and download electronic versions of the Works, as well as a preliminary subscription to the ability to receive a collection of Works that are not placed in the Catalog at the time of registration and payment.

4. Obligations of the parties

4.1. Responsibilities of the Site Administrator:

4.1.1. Provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work on the Site no later than 24 hours from the moment the Billing confirms the payment made and identifies the User as the payer of the payment made. In the case of registration and payment by the User of a preliminary subscription in accordance with clause 3.2. of the Agreement, to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Works no later than 24 hours from the moment they are placed in the Catalog, subject to confirmation by the Billing of the earlier payment and identification of the User as the payer of the payment made.

4.1.2. Do not disclose to third parties the Login and Password, the User's e-mail address, as well as other information received from the User during registration.

4.1.3. Notify the User about changes in the terms of the Agreement and its Applications by posting relevant information on the Website of the "Electronic Library System" at least 30 (thirty) calendar days before the changes take effect.

4.2. User Responsibilities:

4.2.1. Register on the website of the Electronic Library System. Set Login and Password, the uniqueness of which is confirmed by the "Site Administration". At the same time, strictly and strictly follow the instructions of the Site Administration on the registration procedure posted on the Site of the "Electronic Library System".

4.2.2. Pay for the opportunity to view, read and download the Works in accordance with clause 4 of the Agreement.

4.2.3. Ensure the confidentiality of the Login and Password provided during registration.

4.2.4. Use the downloaded Works solely for personal purposes. In this case, the User is granted the following rights to use the Works:

carry out remote access on the Internet through the Site of the "Electronic Library System" to the Works, which means the ability to search, view, download and read the Works.
print separate parts of the Works only for archival purposes.
to record and store individual parts of the Works in the memory of a computer owned by the User for archival, educational and research purposes;
to quote in the original and in translation for scientific, research, polemical, critical, informational and educational purposes, excerpts of the Works in an amount justified by the purpose of quoting,
reproduce in newspapers, broadcast or communicate by cable to the public certain parts of the Works to the extent justified by the informational purpose.
the use of the Works (their constituent parts) under this Agreement is carried out with the obligatory indication of the name of the authors (co-authors) of the Works (their constituent parts), the name of the copyright holder of the Works specified in the Work.

4.2.5. The user does not have the right:

transfer or distribute the downloaded Works to third parties, either in full or in part, except as provided in clause 4.2.4. Agreements;
publicly communicate the Works in full, through well-known broadcast channels, such as radio, television, etc., except as provided in clause 4.2.4. Agreements;
reproduce the Works, that is, make copies of the Works or their parts in any material form if this reproduction has the purpose of further distribution;
bring the Works to the public using the Internet and other digital networks, both in full or in part;
modify or otherwise process the texts of the Works.
print out the entire Work, which is an issue of a magazine, a magazine or a book;
place links to the Works available for use by the User on any resources in such a way that a third party has access to these Works. In particular, the User is prohibited from disclosing to third parties the information necessary to gain access to the personal pages of the Site that require the User's authorization.
use other software tools for automatic search and download, except for those implemented on the Website of the "Electronic Library System"
Non-compliance by the User with the requirements of clause 4.2.5. The Agreement is a violation of copyright law and entails the consequences specified in clauses 10.1 and 10.2 of the Agreement.

4.2.6. All information posted on the Website of the "Electronic Library System" about the procedure for using the Catalog, the procedure for payment and other features of the execution of the Agreement is an integral part of the Agreement and is binding on the User.

5. Terms of payment

5.1. The User makes an advance payment in Russian rubles on the terms specified on the Website of the Electronic Library System.

5.2. Payment methods are indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. The agreed payment method is the method chosen by the User from the available payment methods on the Electronic Library System Website.

5.3. The procedure for paying with bank cards is indicated on the Site in the Payment Methods section. Transactions using bank cards can be made exclusively by the cardholder. Bank card transactions are authorized by the bank. Acceptance and processing of payments using bank cards is carried out by the Yandex.Checkout electronic payment provider or another electronic payment provider. The "Site Administration" does not process, including the collection and storage of Users' bank card data.

5.4. The price of enabling the User - an individual to view, read and download the Works is indicated on the Website of the "Electronic Library System" in the relevant sections. For users who are legal entities, prices are sent by the "Site Administration" upon request through agreed communication channels. The “Site Administration” has the right to unilaterally change the current prices by posting relevant information on the “Electronic Library System” Website or informing Users in another accessible way. Any change in prices does not apply to already paid access.

6. Responsibility of the parties. Limitation of Liability of "Electronic Library System".

6.1. The User assumes full responsibility and risks associated with the use of the Catalog.

6.2. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of the Login and Password.

6.3. The User is fully responsible for the use by third parties of the information transmitted by the "Site Administration" to the e-mail address specified by the User during registration.

6.4. The "Site Administration" is not responsible for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Catalog.

6.5. "Site Administration" is not responsible for the quality of access to the Catalog via the Internet.

6.6. Under no circumstances is the "Site Administration" responsible for the use of the Login and Password by third parties.

6.7. The “Site Administration” is not responsible for direct or indirect damage incurred by the User as a result of data transmission errors, failures / defects in the operation of software and / or equipment, data loss and damage, data processing or display errors, delays in data transmission and others. failures that occurred through no fault of the "Site Administration".

6.8. The Electronic Library System website and all related services are provided on an "as is" basis, without any express or implied warranties that the specified Website and (or) services may or may not be suitable for specific purposes of use.

6.9. The "Site Administration" is not responsible for the impossibility of using the Site, and (or) related services by the User for any reason, including, but not limited to: errors, omissions, interruptions, deletion, defects, delay in processing or transmission of data, disruption of work communication lines, equipment malfunction, any technical failures or other problems of any telephone networks or services, computer systems, servers or providers, computer or telephone equipment, software, failure to fulfill obligations of providers of certain services, theft, destruction or unauthorized access to User materials posted on the Site or in any other place, etc.

6.10. Under no circumstances shall the "Site Administration" be liable for any expenses of the User or direct or indirect damage, including lost profits or lost data, damage to honor, dignity or business reputation that may be caused to the User as a result of using the Site and (or) related services .

6.11. If it is impossible for the "Electronic Library System" to provide the User with the opportunity to view, read and download the Work for reasons beyond the control of the "Site Administration", the "Site Administration" at the request of the User returns the received advance payment. At the same time, the amount of responsibility of the "Site Administration" is limited to the amount of the advance payment received from the User for the opportunity to view, read and download the Work, which was not provided.

7. Duration of the Agreement

7.1. The Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of the Agreement (each Appendix to the Agreement comes into force from the moment the User accepts the terms of this Appendix) and is valid until the Parties fully fulfill their obligations.

8. Force majeure circumstances

8.1. The Parties are released from liability for partial or complete failure to fulfill obligations under this Agreement if such failure was a direct result of force majeure circumstances (force majeure) that arose after the conclusion of the Agreement, as a result of extraordinary events, namely: fire, flood, hurricane and earthquake or the imposition of restrictions by state authorities on the activities of any of the Parties, and if these circumstances the Parties could neither foresee nor prevent reasonable measures.

9. Other terms

9.1. In the event that any provision or any part of the Agreement is held invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions and parts of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

9.2. In all other respects, the Parties to the Agreement agreed to be guided by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

9.3. The “Site Administration” has the right to make changes to the Agreement with the obligatory posting of the relevant information on the “Electronic Library System” Website no later than 30 (thirty) calendar days before the relevant changes come into force.

9.4. Relations between the "Site Administration" and the User, which are legal entities, are regulated on the basis of separately concluded Agreements, which specify the specific conditions for the relationship between the Parties.

9.5. For any questions that arise, the User has the right to contact the Site Support Service at the email address:

10. Dispute Resolution

10.1. Disputes and disagreements that may arise under this Agreement are resolved by observing the pre-trial (claim) procedure. The term for consideration by the "Site Administration" of the claim is 10 (ten) calendar days from the date of its receipt from the User.

10.2. If the Parties do not come to an agreement, these disputes and disagreements are resolved in court in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the court at the location of FSUE Nauka Publishing House in accordance with the rules of jurisdiction and cognizance.

11. Privacy Notice

11.1. The User's consent to the provision of personal information is determined by agreement with this public offer, which occurs automatically when the User completes the registration procedure on the Site.

11.2. In accordance with the Federal Law "On Personal Data" No. 152-FZ of July 27, 2006 and this privacy policy, the Site Administration does not use, process or store the User's personal data.

11.3. The "Site Administration" collects and stores only the User's data necessary for the operation of the Site. The "Site Administration" may use the User's data to identify him, clarify payment data, provide personalized services, provide feedback to the User, process applications and requests, perform anonymous statistical calculations and improve the quality of services provided to the User.

Maronovsky per., 26

Chief Editor: Publisher:

Academizdattsentr "Nauka" RAS, Moscow

The country:

Russia

Foundation date: ISSN : Web site:

Nature(ISSN 0032-874X) is a monthly popular science journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences, whose publications are devoted to natural science topics. Published since January 1912.

Story

At the dawn of the birth of the magazine, its creator Wagner discussed plans for its establishment with A.P. Chekhov, with whom he was on good terms. The writer even considered whether to become his editor and give him another name - "Naturalist". And Wagner himself served as the prototype for one of the heroes of Chekhov's story "Duel" - the zoologist von Koren. However, already in 1913-1914 new editors took the helm of the journal: geneticist N.K. Koltsov, microbiologist L.A. Tarasevich and geochemist A.E. Fersman.

For the 100th anniversary of the journal, a complete digital archive of the journal "Priroda" from 1912 to 2011 was released, which was distributed on DVD as an appendix to the special issue of the journal - the first issue for 2012.

Publication in the journal "Priroda" is considered very prestigious in the scientific community. "Priroda" is now the only popular science publication included in the VAK list. And this trust is well-deserved: firstly, this is a first-hand journal, its authors are scientists, and secondly, it is peer-reviewed, and it is difficult to leak unverified and unreliable information onto its pages. The fact that a significant part of the illustrations for classical university textbooks and encyclopedias on the natural sciences, published in the Soviet and post-Soviet times, is taken from articles originally published in the journal "Nature" speaks volumes.

In the new history of "Nature" there is another little-known fact - cooperation with the journal "Nature". Information about the most important publications in this journal promptly appeared in Priroda from 1912, and in 1987 the publications of the same name became sister cities: an exchange of journals and materials for publications began. This continued until 2004.

Editorial

The composition of the editorial board is shown for 2010:

Notes

Links

Monthly natural science journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nature - page on the website of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Main articles for 1998-2007 - vivovoco.rsl.ru

Categories:

Magazines alphabetically
Printed publications originated in 1912
Journals of Russia alphabetically
Magazines in Russian
Interdisciplinary scientific journals
Scientific journals of Russia
Scientific journals of the USSR
Biological journals
Physical logs
Geological journals
Journals of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Nature (magazine)" is in other dictionaries:

Nature and people ... Wikipedia

Weekly illustrated magazine for family reading. It was published in St. Petersburg from November 1889 to April 1918, from 1906 it had the subtitle "Illustrated Journal of Science, Art and Literature". Publisher P. P. Soikin, editor S. S. Gruzdev, with ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)

"Nature and people"- "Nature and People", a weekly illustrated magazine for family reading. It was published in St. Petersburg from November 1889 to April 1918, from 1906 it had the subtitle "Illustrated Journal of Science, Art and Literature". Publisher P. P. Soikin, editor S. S ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"

UNESCO scientific information journal on environmental issues, since 1965, Paris; in Russian since 1982, Moscow, 6 issues per year. Also published in English, French and Spanish NATURAL FOCUS A feature of some ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- "NATURE AND RESOURCES", scientific information journal of UNESCO (see UNESCO) on environmental problems, since 1965, Paris; in Russian since 1982, Moscow, 6 issues per year. Also available in English, French and Spanish... encyclopedic Dictionary

Journal of geography, natural sciences, latest discoveries, inventions and observations. Published by M. O. Wolf in St. Petersburg, in 1862 68. monthly, edited by P. M. Olkhin. This publication served as an addition to the magazine Around the World (see) ...

I from French the words journal, meaning diary proper, then a daily paper; in Russian lang. this is the name of periodicals that come out at longer intervals than a newspaper. A common word corresponding to the Russian concept of journal ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

I Nature 1) in a broad sense, everything that exists, the whole world in the variety of its forms; the concept of P. in this sense is on a par with the concepts of matter, the universum, the universe. 2) In a narrower sense, the object of science, or rather the total object ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

More than 100 years ago, one of the most popular popular science domestic publications covering natural science issues was (and still is) the journal "Priroda", subordinate to the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The history of the creation and subject matter of the journal "Priroda"

It was established in January 1912, and over its long, difficult history, it has gone through periods not only of real scientific glory, but also difficult, problematic times. Thus, the October events of 1917 affected his activities, as a result of which the publication of Priroda ceased in 1920. However, a year later, the process was resumed, and with significant state funding, which made it possible to publish articles by the largest world and domestic scientists (1927: the work of M. Planck and A. Einstein; in 1931, the magazine published the "Expanding Universe" by W. de Sitter etc.).

The year 1936 was marked by great personnel shocks for the publication: at first, S. I. Vavilov was appointed chairman of its editorial board, and T. D. Lysenko was included in its composition. It should be noted, however, that the journal was not infected by Vavilov's efforts with Lysenkoism.

The scientific journal "Priroda" continued to appear during the Great Patriotic War. First, despite the most difficult blockade conditions, in Leningrad, and then the editorial staff was evacuated to Kazan. For more than a hundred years, the journal has been published almost continuously, attracting to cooperation many of the largest representatives of Russian, then Soviet, and in recent history, again Russian science.

The most significant news of recent years concerns the digitization of the journal archive using internationally accepted standards governing scanned literature. This is a big event - the archive on electronic media contains almost all of his issues of the journal "Priroda", presented to the scientific audience from 1912 to 2012. The merit of all those involved in the selection of the archive is that they have accomplished a globally large-scale task. They not only managed to collect almost the entire array of issues of "Priroda" ever published, but also restored the content of all the missing pages as fully as possible.

The journal "Nature" of 2016 in its modern, electronic format is actually the largest online encyclopedia on natural science, compiled by the best of domestic scientists and regularly updated throughout its 100-year history.

Exercise 1

(1 2 3 )<…>

Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

The landscape in literature, whether romantic or sentimental, urban or marine, rural or industrial, helps the author to reveal the state of the hero, to oppose the world around him, to establish compositional links between the elements of the work.
In literature, the landscape, being an artistic depiction of nature, serves not only as a means of revealing the idea of the work, but also as the embodiment of the author's philosophical views on the world, while performing a more complex, symbolic function.
The symbolic function of the landscape is that, becoming the starting point or focus of the author's ideas, it embodies the author's philosophical views on man.
The landscape in literature performs various functions: being an artistic depiction of nature, it primarily serves as a means of revealing the author's intention, but it can also perform a more complex, symbolic function, embodying the author's philosophical views of the world.
Landscape is an image of nature not only in painting, where it acts as an independent genre, but also in fiction, where it serves as a means of revealing the author's intention, subject to the requirements of the literary trend.

Task 2

(1 ) Landscape is an artistic depiction of nature. ( 2 ) In literature, the landscape is a means of revealing the author's intention, obeying both the requirements of the literary direction (romantic, sentimentalist landscape) or genre (urban, sea, rural, industrial landscape), and the author's goals: to reveal the state of the hero, to oppose the world around him to man, to establish compositional connections between the elements of the work. ( 3 )<…>the landscape can also perform a more complex, symbolic function: becoming the starting point or focus of the author's ideas, it embodies the author's philosophical views of the world.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

One side.
Wherein
because
For example,
And although

Task 3

Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word FOCUS. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

FOCUS,-a, m.

The point of intersection of refracted or reflected rays incident on an optical system by a parallel beam (spec.). F. lenses. F. eye lens.
The point at which the lens creates a distinct image of the subject (spec.). Be in focus. Do not get into f.
The focus of the inflammatory process (special). F. in the lungs.
Focus, center. F. earthquakes. Get into f. general attention (trans.; book.).
A skillful trick based on deceiving eyesight, attention with the help of a deft and quick technique. Show card tricks. Perform on the stage with tricks.
trans. Trick, trick (colloquial). Throw out the clever F.
trans. usually pl. Caprice, whim (colloquial). No tricks please!

Task 5

In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

Snow forms high in the atmosphere when MICROSCOPIC water droplets in clouds combine with dust particles to form ice crystals.
Despite the obvious mixture of styles, the interior of the house seemed very HARMONIOUS.
Only the driver, a man DISCIPLINED and therefore silent, remained in the car and waited for the return of the officers.
The city authorities conduct a thorough check of the RESIDENTIAL conditions of citizens.
It was as if the children's feet MADE small, narrow footprints in the sand.

Task 7

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS		SUGGESTIONS
A) a violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial turnover		1) In 2012, the journal "Priroda" celebrated its centenary.
B) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition		2) L.N. Tolstoy wrote that "in the novel Anna Karenina, I was worried about the family thought."
C) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms		3) During this time, a state was created that managed to cope with all external enemies.
D) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate		4) Working in this position for a year and a half, the engineer managed to do a lot for the enterprise.
D) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech		5) The snowstorm looked and suddenly recognized in the black-headed boy the same shepherd boy to whom he left his horse yesterday.
		6) Thanks to modern technologies, scientists explored the depths of Lake Samotlor and found the richest oil deposits under the muddy bottom.
		7) Having formulated my own opinion in the essay, I had an unexpected idea.
		8) For a minute the rain subsides and starts again.
		9) Thanks to the active participation of volunteers, the Olympics was held at a high level.

Task 12

Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.

P.M. Tretyakov, who (NOT) HAVE in his gallery images of N.A. Nekrasov, urgently ordered a portrait of the poet I.N. Kramskoy.
Glebov was already (NOT) HAPPY that he started a conversation.
He told at all (NOT) FASCINATING, but the listeners patiently waited for the end of the story.
The fallow fields almost (NOT) overgrown with grass this year sadly diversified the picture of the drought.
The capercaillie got its name not from (NOT) SUFFICIENCY of hearing, which is very acute for him, but because of his characteristic behavior - to lose all vigilance in the spring.

Task 13

Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.

But now the pine tree began to (WAY) LITTLE to thin out, and through the trunks (SOME) WHERE the plain looked through.
(B) GAVE something flashed, but (ON) SO MUCH unclear that it was impossible to see what it was.
(B) CONTINUATION of the whole day the rain poured like a bucket, (FOR) THEN in the late afternoon the wind dispersed the clouds, and then we continued on our way.
WHAT (WHAT) they say, I am sure that the truth is not a fiefdom, WHAT (WOULD) own it to someone alone.
A. I. Herzen was twenty-five years old when he began to write SOMETHING (THAT) (IN) A KIND of memoirs.

Task 14

Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.

No matter how thick the studios are ( 1 )th axes( 2 ) no fogs, sailors will find their way to their native shore in size ( 3 )th, leisurely blows of the old ( 4 )th bell.

Task 16

Unraveled from the thick fur of winter ( 1 ) sun ( 2 ) rising high above the tundra ( 3 ) pressed every plant into the soft pile of the tundra and drove it into the thickets of elfins.

Task 17

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.

On the field road, I came across two village girls who were walking ( 1 ) should be ( 2 ) from afar. They chatted about something, laughed ( 3 ) but ( 4 ) immediately fell silent when they saw me.

Task 18

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Young artists climbed a high hill ( 1 ) from high ( 2 ) which ( 3 ) opened a view of the entire district ( 4 ) and continued to work on sketches.

Task 19

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Task 20

Read the text

(According to L.V. Vertel*)

* Leonid Vyacheslavovich Vertel

Which of the statements does not match the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

The narrator's dog ended up in a hole because it was still an inexperienced hound.
The hare deliberately led the hound on thin ice so that it would fail and he could escape from persecution.
The narrator first rushed away from the place where his dog fell through the ice, because, not seeing the possibility of saving her, he could not watch her die.
A good friend of the narrator also once saved his dog from falling through the ice, and it was this story that helped the narrator make the right decision.
When the narrator dragged his dog ashore, he held it close to him with tears in his eyes.

Task 21

Read the text

(1) The best time for hunting with a hound in our area is the last days of October. (2) By this time, everything in nature calms down, calms down, and the sky, tired of endless cyclones, finally begins to rise, making the world brighter and more welcoming.

(3) Dolya was always with me on the hunt - a wonderful Russian hound, not just a master of her craft, but a real grandmaster. (4) For those who are not familiar with hunting, I will say that the dog always looks for the hare in silence, and only when she picks it up, moving it from its place, some kind of toggle switch works inside it and the voice turns on.

(5) To pass the time and distract from the growing tension, I began to observe the long-tailed tits, the company flew from tree to tree. (6) And at this time, when I was peeping at the birds, somewhere far away near the lake there was a barely audible howl. (7) I had no doubt that it was a dog, but why howl? (8) I rushed to the voice with a gun at the ready, throwing branches away from my face. (9) It was not very far to the lake when my legs stopped, because the driven heart asked for mercy. (10) I hung in a bag on some tree and through the mist in my eyes I saw a hare's footprint, along which the dog had passed. (11) But the trail did not go to beaver blockages, but for some reason to a cape overgrown with young birch forest. (12) It was then that I paid tribute to the quick wit of the hare: before lying down, the oblique crossed the thin ice, realizing that for his heavier pursuers the young ice would become a trap.

(13) The share failed about fifteen meters from the shore. (14) Hearing me, she began to whine plaintively and tried to get out of the hole, but the ice broke, and she again howled in despair. (15) I rushed along the shore like crazy, not knowing what to do, and Dolya, putting her front paws on the ice, continued to howl. (16) How long this went on, I don’t remember. (17) Throwing away the gun, he went into the forest, fleeing a terrible denouement.

(18) I don’t know how far I managed to move away from the coast, but at some point I turned around and rushed back. (19) “Fool, well, fool! I scolded myself in utter despair. - (20) Where were your brains before!

(21) Once a good friend of mine shot a duck while hunting. (22) She fell into the water about twenty meters from the shore. (23) The shooter, in order not to climb into the cold water, went into the forest, cut down several thin trees, cut off the branches, except for one crown, and, tying them one after the other in the form of a long sausage, slowly melted down to a duck. (24) Then, scrolling the "anaconda", he swept the bird with the left branches and safely dragged the trophy to the shore.

(25) I always have a folding Swedish hacksaw with me, and out of old habit I carry nylon ropes in large pockets of a hunting jacket. (26) Cutting down a few birch trees was a matter of five minutes. (27) At the first, I cut off the branches only halfway and put them on the ice. (28) He tied a completely chopped one to it, then a second one, and finally a garland of four birches reached the polynya.

(29) The share already seemed to be barely holding on, she could not even howl; from time to time she only whined like a puppy. (30) And when, turning the garland, I began to cover the dog with branches, fear seized me again. (31) It seemed to me that I would drown her. (32) But then Dolya, escaping from the branches pressing on her, began to crush them under her paws, instinctively trying to be on top. (33) Pulling my device, I felt that I was dragging it along with the dog.

(34) Kneeling, I pressed the trembling wet Share to me, still not believing that the worst was over. (35) And if I said that at that moment my eyes were dry, it would not be true. (36) Those whom fate on the paths of life brought together with these tailed creatures and who at least once were honored with their true disinterested love will understand me.

(37) On this day, it was no longer up to hunting. (38) I drove the car into the city, and my pet, wrapped in a jacket, dozed in the back seat and, probably, watched a dream about a hare, which I couldn’t get to today.

(According to L.V. Vertel*)

* Leonid Vyacheslavovich Vertel(born in 1940) is a member of the Writers' Union of Russia, Karelian writer, author of stories about nature, about incidents from the life of hunters.

Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.

Proposition 2 explains the assertion made in Proposition 1.
Sentence 3 contains a description.
Sentences 8-10 present the reasoning.
Sentences 21-24 contain the narrative.
Sentences 35-36 present the narrative.

Task 22

Read the text

(According to L.V. Vertel*)

* Leonid Vyacheslavovich Vertel(born in 1940) is a member of the Writers' Union of Russia, Karelian writer, author of stories about nature, about incidents from the life of hunters.

From sentences 27-29 write out the phraseological unit.

Task 23

Read the text

(According to L.V. Vertel*)

* Leonid Vyacheslavovich Vertel(born in 1940) is a member of the Writers' Union of Russia, Karelian writer, author of stories about nature, about incidents from the life of hunters.

Among sentences 29-33, find one that is related to the previous one with the help of word forms and personal pronouns. Write the number of this offer.

Task 24

Read the text

(According to L.V. Vertel*)

* Leonid Vyacheslavovich Vertel(born in 1940) is a member of the Writers' Union of Russia, Karelian writer, author of stories about nature, about incidents from the life of hunters.

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while doing tasks 20-23. This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the numbers corresponding to the letters in order.

“The author’s perception of the behavior of a dog on a hunt helps the author to convey the trope - ______( BUT) (“some kind of toggle switch inside her works and her voice turns on” in sentence 4). To express the despair experienced by the narrator in the first minutes, and his attitude to his initial confusion, various expressive language means are used in his speech, among which the trope is ______( B) (“like crazy” in sentence 15), lexical means - ______( AT) (“fool”, “baked” in sentence 19) and syntactic means - ______( G) (proposals 19, 20)".

List of terms:

introductory words
extended metaphor
interrogative sentences
anaphora
exclamatory sentences
litotes
colloquial vocabulary
opposition
comparison

Task 25

In the final task, you must write an essay on a given topic. Our service does not know how to check essays in automatic mode. We suggest that you indicate the score that you received for writing an essay in class at school or on a practice test. Thus, the test result will be closer to the real result.

Scientific popular magazine nature

Subscriber type selection

CONTRACT - PUBLIC OFFER

TERMS OF USE

Story

Editorial

see also

Notes

Links

See what "Nature (magazine)" is in other dictionaries:

The history of the creation and subject matter of the journal "Priroda"

Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word FOCUS. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.

Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.

Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Read the text

Which of the statements does not match the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

Read the text

Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.

Read the text

From sentences 27-29 write out the phraseological unit.

Read the text

Among sentences 29-33, find one that is related to the previous one with the help of word forms and personal pronouns. Write the number of this offer.

Read the text