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Necessary equipment for the production of toilet paper? toilet paper production

Toilet paper is indispensable in today's world. Demand for these products is consistently stable, but the level of competition is quite high.

We open the production of toilet paper

There are many varieties of toilet paper: one or more layers, colored or white, textured or smooth, flavored or odorless, with jokes or crossword puzzles. However, first of all, toilet paper is assigned the role of an inexpensive and high-quality personal hygiene item.

In order to properly organize a business for the production of toilet paper, you should make a competent analysis and investment calculations. As an example, the calculation of a toilet paper mini-factory is used.

1. We analyze the market
In addition to manufactured products, it is important to find its distribution channels. To do this, you should use retail chains and supermarkets, which has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages: major intermediaries are retail chains that sell impressive production stocks (batches of 50-70 tons). Against the backdrop of an uninterrupted production process, products do not stay in stock.

Disadvantages: the level of trade "share" of supermarkets is 30-50% (large factories). It is more profitable for small enterprises to cooperate with wholesale depots or expand their dealer network.

The production of toilet paper as a business can be based on two options:

Complete production - obtaining packaged rolls from recycled materials (waste paper);
Mini-production - obtaining rolled packages by rewinding cellulose raw materials on special equipment.

The second option is not very profitable, since the cost of raw materials is increased, and the level of waste is 15%. That is why the first version of the production organization will be considered.

2. We open firms and get permission
It is preferable to open a legal entity (for example, LLC). This is more profitable and makes it easier to obtain the necessary documents. If the registration of an LLC costs 10 thousand rubles, the registration of a production license will cost 14 times more.

In the production of toilet paper, GOST "R 52354-2005" of the Russian Federation is provided. You will need raw material certificates, a lease agreement, a certificate of state registration, a charter, etc.

3. Selection of production premises
The area of the production hall should be more than 150 m², and the ceiling height should be from 4 m.

The premises consists of three main areas: a warehouse where raw materials are stored, a production line and a warehouse for finished products. The room must have running water (for 3m³ daily), sewerage and electricity (3-phase power supply 380 W). The rental fee, calculated from 500 rubles per 1 m², will be 75 thousand rubles.

Toilet paper production technology

The technology for the production of toilet paper is quite simple and, using modern equipment, is fully automated.

Waste paper preparation. Purified secondary raw materials are crushed, water is added to it. After straining, inclusions in the form of glass, etc. may remain.
Washing of raw materials. The cleaned mixture is thoroughly rinsed into the water rinsing tank. Dirty water is washed down the drain.
Grinding fineness. With the help of a mill, paper pulp is crushed with the addition of pure water. Next, the mass should be pumped into a pressure tank.
concentration regulation. In a special container, the proportions of water and raw materials are regulated. Upon reaching the desired values, the mass should be poured onto a table with a grid as part of a paper making machine.
Roll blank production. The nylon mesh dehydrates the suspension, acting like a conveyor belt. Excess fluid is used for re-flushing. The paper pulp is dried in a special drum (rotation speed 10 rpm for 1 minute with steam heating up to 110 ° C. The mass is removed with a scraper knife. The tapes are cut and wound on a sleeve, after which they become rolled blanks.
Unwinding with embossing. The reel is placed on the unwind machine to emboss and rewind the paper into a log. This is necessary to form the structure of the canvas (density and layers).
Cut packaging. Typographic labels are used for pasting the logs. Next, sawing into rolls is carried out using a special machine. After verification, packaging is carried out for subsequent sale.

Toilet paper production equipment

A technological line designed for mini-factories with a capacity will cost 2 million rubles, taking into account all costs.

The set includes:

A machine that makes paper (with vibrating screen, washing, agitators, etc.);
Machine for cutting rolls;
Bobbin unwinding machine;
Packing machine;
Pasting table.

It is reasonable to purchase a machine for your own production of cardboard bushings (cost around 100 thousand rubles). The rolls may or may not contain cores. Expansion of production is possible (paper towels, napkins).

Necessary raw materials for toilet paper

For the manufacture of paper, waste paper grades are suitable as raw materials: MS (1–3, 7, 10). Additionally, nets and cloth, cardboard and glue, ready-made bushings are purchased. It is better to purchase raw materials from reliable certified and trusted suppliers.

Drawing up a business plan

To produce 1 ton of paper (6.25 thousand rolls), the cost will be 7.717 thousand rubles. To calculate profit with a weight of 1 roll weighing 160 g at a wholesale price of 1.23 rubles and 5 rubles at retail, the profit level will be about 520 thousand rubles.

Additional costs in the form of taxes, rent and wages will amount to just over 201 thousand rubles a month. The equipment will pay off in 7 months, and the net profit will be about 300 thousand monthly.

These calculations are approximate, since much depends on the region and locality. But, in any case, the production of toilet paper from recycled materials is a profitable and promising business for expansion and development.

Video - how toilet paper is made

Toilet paper is a product of first necessity even in times of severe economic crises, because the production of toilet paper is cost-effective and profitable.

Demand guarantor

For a businessman, it is quite attractive, from the point of view of a businessman opening his own enterprise.

Such products are always in demand, despite the fact that the competition in the market is high.

In addition, there is always a buyer for each type of product thanks to a wide range of paper:

Single layer;
Double layer;
color;
White;
embossed;
smooth;
plain;
Flavored;
Colored.

Of course, the higher the expected quality of the product, the more serious equipment for the production of toilet paper will be required. In addition, the technology for the production of kitchen paper towels is not much different from the manufacture of hygienic paper, therefore, it opens up the possibility of increasing the range.

Varieties of production

Toilet paper production can be organized in two ways.

The first, and requiring higher costs, is the organization of full production. It will require the development of a technological process, the supply of recyclable materials, and additional equipment. Making paper from recycled paper requires more space than the next option.

Organizing a mini toilet paper mill is a simplified version of a complete production. Pulp, which is rewound on special shafts, is the main one for processing. Then it is cut into rolls and packed.

The mini-production option is considered less profitable, since toilet paper is made mainly from waste paper. This is because the cost of pulp is many times higher than the cost of purchasing recycled materials, and therefore reduces profit and profitability.

Production room

The production area has an average area of at least 150 square meters and a height of four meters. The workshop is divided into three zones:

raw material warehouse;
Production Line;
warehouse for products.

The organization of production requires water supply, sewerage, electricity with a three-phase power supply of three hundred and eighty watts.

Necessary equipment

The most primitive equipment for the manufacture of toilet paper from waste paper has a capacity of one ton per day. Papermaking equipment includes the following items:

Roll cutting machine;
unwinding machine;
Packing machine;
Pasting table.

Another important component is the paper machine, which consists of:

electric generator;
pulper;
vibrating screens;
multifunctional mill;
washing apparatus;
agitators;
cleaners.

Any machine for the production of toilet paper can be purchased within the region, as there are enough production line manufacturers. They usually choose those manufacturers who can provide not only installation and commissioning services, but also support and repair in the event of a breakdown.

Additionally, a machine for the manufacture of bushings is installed to avoid purchases. If the production is focused on the production of traditional rolls without cores, an additional machine is not required.

Purchase of raw materials

To work with the considered equipment that processes waste paper, you will need recycled materials of different brands. Among them may be:

cellulose paper without printing and line;
lined paper;
book and magazine paper;
newspapers and cardboard.

All these are waste paper grades from MS-1 to MS-10, with the exception of MS-4, MS-5 and MS-6.

Table of waste paper grades

Additionally, nets and cloth for working with paper, paper glues and cardboard for the manufacture of bushings are purchased, if any. You can also buy ready-made bushings.

Manufacturing technology

A full-fledged toilet paper plant operates according to a seven-stage process flow chart.

Raw material preparation

Waste paper is cleaned of impurities, crushed with a crusher, adding water. The resulting wet mass goes to a sieve for filtering - there are impurities and unnecessary inclusions that were skipped during the initial cleaning.

Waste paper washing

The resulting wet mass after cleaning is fed into a special tank where it is washed with recycled and tap water. This stage is considered one of the most important in the technological process, since the quality of products in the future depends on the thoroughness of the washing, as well as the cost, taking into account the cost of water supply.

The longer the resulting mass is washed, the whiter the future paper will be. Dirty waste water enters the sewer.

Grinding

After thorough washing, the raw material is sent to a multifunctional mill. There, the mass, together with water, is crushed and fed into a pressure tank. Again, the more thorough the grinding, the less noticeable impurities will be in the resulting product, but the cost of the roll will also be higher.

Regulation of proportions

After crushing and transferring the raw material to the pressure tank, it is sent to a container to control the proportional composition of water and raw materials in the resulting mixture. When the desired ratio of liquid and paper is reached, the mass is poured in uniform portions onto a table located on the paper machine.

Manufacturing of blanks

At this stage of production, the raw material comes in the form of a suspension. Nylon mesh allows you to dehydrate the mixture - the same mesh is a conveyor belt. The excess liquid flows into the tank and is then used for flushing as recycled water.

The resulting mass moves along the conveyor into the drying drum, which performs ten revolutions per minute and is heated with steam at the temperature of evaporation of water. In the moving drum, the paper mass dries up, then it is removed with a special knife in the form of ribbons.

The cut tapes undergo final drying, after which they must be wound on bushings. Then they are cut into blanks for rolls.

Embossing

The workpiece obtained at the previous stage is fed to the unwinding machine. Here embossing is applied and immediately the tape is wound on a log - its width is equal to the width of a regular reel, but the diameter corresponds to a roll of toilet paper.

Rewinding is carried out to give the fabric a structure - two-layer or three-layer, and increase the density of the resulting roll.

Package

For the last stage, you will need to pre-order the label in the printing house. The log obtained after unwinding and embossing is pasted over with this label and cut into small rolls - the cut is made on a cutting machine.

Finished rolls are checked by weight, packed in polyethylene bags or boxes - in this form they are ready for transportation and sale.

It's no secret that the demand for home appliances is changing, collectible clothing is falling out of fashion, and cars are becoming obsolete. That is why most manufacturers depend on market conditions. Only the demand for essential goods remains constant, among which is toilet paper - goods that will find a buyer in any case. Therefore, this option for production is extremely popular and economically viable as a business.

Market Review

At the moment, this type of product is represented by several manufacturers in different price segments, ranging from the most democratic to premium brands.

Here it is worth noting that a couple of years ago, single-layer paper had an increased demand, but now this situation has changed: demand has become more loyal towards expensive products.

If we resort to statistical data, then every year the volume of the market for hygiene products, in particular in the direction of toilet paper, in civilized countries annually increases by 7-9%.

The figures perfectly describe the business note in the development potential of this type of production and sales. It should be understood that it makes no sense to open your own store for the resale of toilet paper, since the competition in this segment is low, because, given the hyper- and supermarkets, it is practically non-existent. Thus, the organization has both positive and negative aspects.

As justified advantages of opening your own production it can be distinguished: retail chains are very large intermediaries, they are able to withdraw the entire stock of manufactured products, which for a “newcomer” in this segment will make it possible to recoup the costs invested in the business from the first day by selling gigantic volumes of batches. Therefore, the products will not be stale, stored, and the production will function stably.

disadvantage note the highest level of competition from supermarkets, which is at least 30% of established sales channels. Naturally, small businesses prefer the initial implementation in small points of sale as the most profitable development strategy. However, factory volumes will require more extensive cooperation with large wholesale bases or even the creation of their own dealer distribution channel for subsequent servicing of potential customers.

Choose a room

In the case of choosing a workshop for the production of toilet paper, it is necessary to take into account certain criteria for choosing a territory. Regarding the dimension, it should be borne in mind that the area should be from 150 m2, and the ceiling height should be more than 4 m.

The room will need to be divided into 3 sections, where will be:

raw material warehouse;
production line;
storage of finished products.

As standard for the room availability required:

water supply (basing requirement - 3 m3 per day);
electricity (with 3-phase power supply of 380 W);
sewerage.

Equipment for the production of toilet paper from waste paper

As equipment, it is initially planned to install a production line, which will allow to produce products in-line, minimizing costs. However, even the production line will require additional components - costs that cannot be avoided. As components of a mini-factory for the production of toilet paper, say, with a capacity of 1 ton / day, the cost, together with delivery, turnkey installation and staff training, will be about 1.9 -2 million rubles.

The main element of the production line is a machine for the manufacture of toilet paper, the work of which cannot be imagined without the presence of:

electric generator;
hydropulverizing device;
vibrating screens;
multifunctional mill;
washing apparatus;
various cleaners and mixers;
machine for cutting rolled blocks;
reel-winding machine;
packaging machine;
sticker table.

Separately, it should be noted that at the moment there is no shortage of potential manufacturers of these lines. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention only to those who are ready to cooperate on the terms of delivery, installation and commissioning, possibly repair, if necessary. Remember that a simple line is not beneficial to anyone. Sometimes you have to fork out.

A promising direction may be the further expansion of the technological park with equipment that is suitable for the production of paper towels or napkins, etc.

Raw materials for the production of toilet paper

The waste paper of the following brands acts as a production raw material for the creation of toilet paper:

MC1 (unprinted bleached pulp paper);
MS2 (white paper with a ruler);
MS3 (book-magazine type paper);
MS7 (cardboard raw materials);
MS10 (newspapers).

You will also need to additionally buy cloth and special nets (for paper), cardboard (in order to glue the bushings), as well as good paper glue and the finished look of the bushings themselves. In order to avoid undesirable problems with the issuance of this permit, it is advisable to purchase raw materials from reliable suppliers who have proven their reliability by the widespread availability of certificates of product compliance with all standards.

toilet paper technology

And it is quite natural that in addition to management decisions, the owner or potential organizer of the production of toilet paper should have at least a concept of how toilet paper “appears” into the world. This process is multi-stage. Conventionally, it can be divided into a number of processes - from cleaning to packaging the finished product.

1) Preparation

So, the initial stage is the direct preparation of raw materials for their subsequent processing. Recyclable materials need to be cleaned from various impurities, then they should be crushed with the addition of water. Carefully crushed wet mass is dried, filtering through a special strainer, which allows you to get rid of small inclusions that could not be removed at the initial stage of cleaning (glass, paper clips, clips, and others).

2) Washing the cheese

The cleaning result follows in the tank, in which it is expected to be washed with tap and recycled water. In this case, an important component of the process is precisely the washing itself, the quality of which will determine the quality of the paper (the duration of the washing affects the color (whiteness) of the produced paper), as well as its cost (production costs as an element of price). Used water goes straight to the sewer.

3) The finest grinding

The raw material, together with new water, is crushed, brought to the state of water-paper mass based on the use of a multifunctional mill, and only then passes into a pressure tank.

4) Regulation of concentration

The next production step will be the transition from the pressure tank to the appropriate container to regulate the proportions of the composition of the resulting mixture and water. Having reached the required indicators, the same mass gets rid of unnecessary moisture in uniform layers by pouring water onto the compartment of the table of the paper machine.

All the nuances of opening a company engaged in freight transportation:

5) Production of roll-type blanks

The resulting suspension is squeezed out thanks to the nylon mesh, which also serves as a transport tape. Excess liquid is sent to a recycle tank for reuse of washing raw materials. Note that the mass of paper is sent to the drying drum, where it is heated. There it is heated, dried, and then removed. Those tapes that are cut are completely dried and wound like roll bases.

6) Unwinding and further embossing

The resulting reel is sent straight to the special. unwinding machine for embossing. This rewinding will be required to structure the web (2-3 layers of paper) and a dense roll.

7) Packing and cutting

The result of the previous actions is sealed with a label pre-printed at the printing house and cut into rolls on the machine. The received rolls are weighed, packed and ready for further sale.

Video: how is toilet paper made?

Implementation

In turn, the topic has already been touched upon earlier. Implementation is a rather important and most thoughtful business move, on which your benefit will depend. It is not enough just to produce toilet paper - the process of its implementation is also considered an art.

At the same time, the bridgehead prepared for implementation should be clearly established, which will avoid difficulties with transportation and warehousing. Difficulties should not arise. The product was, is and will be in demand, and, therefore, everyone needs it.

Products of this kind are not taxed, are not included in the category of excise taxes, so the sale is not limited by anything and can be sold in any quantity.

Profitability of toilet paper production

With two distribution channels, you can safely count on the loyalty of wholesalers, distributors or small retailers. An easy option can be called the conclusion of an intermediary agreement. This will allow you to calculate for large consignments without the need to search for a buyer from outside. True, in this case, this will affect the purchase price of toilet paper. You will have to work in two directions in order to be able to ship goods to home sales stores, departments engaged in the sale of hygiene products, etc.

As for the profitability of this production, it is quite high. With a well-designed and detailed business plan for the production of toilet paper and small investments, the expected revenue will be pleasantly pleasing. Statistics show that the production of toilet paper as a business pays off on average in 8-9 calendar months(depending on the nuances with production volumes and some other points, such as the choice of raw material suppliers, etc.).

In contact with

Classmates

The production of toilet paper is exactly the kind of activity whose fruits will always be in demand, and the need for it will never end.

Toilet paper is one of the essentials, so its manufacturer will never be at a loss.

Despite the fact that in our country there are quite a few enterprises specializing in the manufacture of toilet paper, everyone has the opportunity to take their place in the market.

Toilet paper manufacturing as a business is cost-effective.

Market analysis

Every year in Russia, the number of manufacturers of personal hygiene products, including toilet paper, grows by 7-9%.

A few years ago, budget options were in great demand among buyers.

Today, the situation has changed, and multilayer paper at a higher price has become more popular.

The main advantage of this business is that finding a buyer is not difficult.

Wholesale warehouses buy goods in large quantities, which allows at the initial stage to start selling immediately after the start of production.

You can sell goods without intermediaries - for this you should choose not too large outlets, because most supermarkets work through intermediaries.

The last option is to create your own dealer channel in order to work with customers without intermediaries.

room

A mini-factory requires a room with an area of at least 150 sq.m, ceiling height - from 4 m.

It is necessary to have three compartments in order to equip them for two warehouses (for raw materials and finished products) and a work shop.

In addition, according to the standards, there should be all the necessary communications: electricity, water supply and sewerage. The rental price of such premises will cost from 50,000 to 70,000 rubles per month.

Equipment

For production, you will need to purchase a production line. Its cost is about 2 million rubles.

With its help, production is almost completely automated. Productivity reaches 1 ton per day.

But for it you will need to purchase additional components:

electric generator;
vibrating screens;
washing machine;
hydropulverizing device;
drum unwinding machine;
multifunctional mills;
cleaners and mixers;
table for stickers;
packaging machine;
machine for cutting rolled blocks.

In addition, you need a machine for making bushings. It is much more profitable to produce paper with or without cores.

In the future, you can buy additional equipment for the production of napkins and paper towels.

Raw material

Waste paper is used to make toilet paper.

It has the following classifications:

unprinted pulp paper;
lined paper;
raw materials from books and magazines;
newspapers;
cardboard.

When purchasing raw materials, it is important to find a reliable proven supplier. Its products must have quality certificates.

In addition, special nets, high-quality glue for paper, cardboard for cores are needed.

https://youtu.be/aRGhesiRNHE

Manufacturing technology

The owner of the enterprise must perfectly know the technological process of manufacturing his products. When making a plan, this stage cannot be excluded.

What the process looks like:

The first stage is preparation. Secondary raw materials need to be thoroughly washed from unnecessary impurities. This process is quite complicated, the raw materials must first be crushed, then soaked in water, then sifted through a sieve.
At the next stage, the raw material is washed with running water in special vessels, and this is done repeatedly. At this stage, many manufacturers add whiteness.
Grinding and water-paper mass are thoroughly mixed with each other, forming a homogeneous mixture.
At the next stage, in a separate container, the mixture is brought to a certain consistency.
The resulting mixture is squeezed out in a nylon mesh, then it is heated, dried and removed, then it is only wound on rolls.
Then this roll is unwound and sent to the embossing machine - this is necessary for the manufacture of paper with several layers.
Finished rolls of paper are weighed and packed, then sent for sale.

Income and expenses

It should be noted right away that the profit directly depends on the entrepreneur, because you should take care of the sale of your products in advance.

Each entrepreneur leaves different reviews about the business. This indicates that not everyone was able to establish a well-coordinated sales system. Although it is not difficult to find buyers, given the high demand.

What is the profit from production - this is the main question, because the costs are quite large, the production line alone will cost 2 million rubles.

To this amount, you need to add the costs of paperwork, rental of premises, repairs, advertising and other unforeseen expenses.

So, in one day the volume of production reaches 1 ton, and in a month - about 300,000 rolls.

The minimum wholesale cost of a roll is 3 rubles, respectively, the proceeds from the sale of products in full will be 900,000 rubles.

If you subtract taxes, the cost of raw materials, employee salaries and rent from it, the net profit will pay back the enterprise in 8 months.

Thus, the production of toilet paper as a business has many advantages. It will always bring a stable profit, because the demand for products is constant.

In contact with

Due to its high profitability, the production of toilet paper today attracts many entrepreneurs who would like to successfully start their first business with minimal initial investment. However, the success of such a business largely depends on the proper planning and organization of the technological cycle.

Toilet paper market analysis

Before deciding to start a toilet paper business, it is necessary to conduct a thorough and qualitative market analysis as well as prepare a business plan. It should take into account the planned investments, current expenses and make a forecast for future income for a return on investment.

The following main advantages of the production of paper consumables at home can be distinguished:

The presence of stable demand, not subject to seasonality.
Low price of finished products - a guarantee of quick implementation.
Low initial investment and fast payback.

The main difficulty in this business is high competition and saturation of the market with products. This factor should be taken into account when planning the future price and marketing strategy.

An important competitive advantage of factories that produce this product in bulk is its low price. Thus, maintaining the high quality of the product, combined with an attractive price in the middle or low price segments, becomes a benchmark for ensuring stable demand for manufactured products.

Toilet paper business plan

Business project planning should answer the following questions:

How long will the capital investment pay off?
How much profit will the mini toilet paper business make?
What is the approximate calculation for monthly production volumes of 1t. finished product?
What is the margin level when calculating operating profitability?
How much does equipment, raw materials and consumables cost?

Profitability of toilet paper production:

Item of expenses

Estimated price

Quantity

Sum

Finished paper base

$407.00/1t.

1t.

$407,00

Label

$853.00/1t.

0.025t.

$21,33

Cardboard sleeve

$293.00/1t.

0.06t.

$17,58

Glue

$1/1l.

2l.

$2,00

Electricity

$0.17/kW

64kw

$10,88

Rent

$5/1sq.m/1month

80sq.m

$400,00

Operator salary

$200

1 person

$200,00

And that cost

$1058,79

Number of rolls produced from 1 ton of raw materials

10500pcs

Retail price for 1 roll

$0.21/piece

Income from the sale of 1 ton of finished products

$2205,00

Profit

$1146,21

With monthly production and sale of the finished product in the amount of 1 ton, the initial investment will pay off in less than 2 years.

So, with proper planning, as well as efficient production and well-established marketing, mini-production becomes a truly profitable enterprise with minimal initial investment.

Partial production cycle technology

Depending on the type of raw materials used, the production of toilet paper can be of two types of production cycle:

Full. Using waste paper.
Not complete. Using ready-made paper base.

The production of a full cycle of finished products from waste paper, although more profitable, requires a large initial investment in the purchase of expensive equipment, as well as a large staff of specially trained employees to perform complex and time-consuming work.

The most preferred for home production is an incomplete production cycle.

Release of napkins and toilet paper from the finished base

The technological cycle itself is simple, so it does not require special qualifications for personnel. In addition, machines for this type of production are not complex and high in price, so investments in their purchase will be minimal.

The process of producing products from rolls of paper base can be divided into stages:

Installing the base. The base roll is attached to a special drum.
Perforation. The basis goes through the process of perforation on special perforation blocks.
Cutting rolls. In accordance with the specified dimensions, technological rolls (logs) are cut into consumer blanks.
Packing and warehousing. The received rolls of finished products are packed and stored for subsequent sale.

Purchase of equipment

The equipment used in the production of toilet paper varies in complexity and price, respectively. However, for the organization of mini-production at home, the minimum necessary is the purchase of the following machines:

The most affordable equipment on the market manufacturers:

Selection of premises and company registration

In order to ensure convenient cooperation with retail chains and supermarkets in the future, it is necessary to register a business in the form of a “Limited Liability Company”.

Before the business registration is completed, it is necessary to select the premises where the workshop will be located. It is this premises that will be indicated in the registration documents as the legal address of the business.

When choosing a suitable room, you should take into account the important requirements that it must meet:

The area of the production premises depends on the type of production cycle: full or incomplete. It all depends on the initial configuration of the production line and the planned storage volumes.
Convenient access roads to reduce transportation costs.
The presence of connected communications and a rated voltage in the mains of 380 V.

The best solution would be to choose premises on the outskirts of the city or in an industrial area to reduce rental costs.

Toilet paper recycling machine

An effective solution was proposed by a Japanese company in the field of paper waste recycling. They created the "White Goat's" machine, which recycles office waste paper into toilet paper. This office equipment has low productivity: out of 900 A4 sheets, 1 roll is obtained, but not earlier than after 30 minutes. But the cost of the processing unit is quite high - $ 95,000. Although the savings here are obvious. After all, the cost of one roll is only $0.17, and its retail price of this quality is $0.58. Recycling costs are water and electricity. But the payback period is very sad. After all, there are only 8760 hours in a year. Even if this 600-kilogram machine works continuously, it will turn out to recapture less than $ 8,000 in a year. And in 10 years, such a processing machine can already cost half as much. After all, this is most likely a prototype. It is much more profitable to hand over paper waste from office work to a waste paper collection point for the purchase of toilet consumables.