Description and distribution of the beautiful cobweb. The most beautiful cobweb is a deadly poisonous mushroom. Description and photo The main symptoms, and how quickly they appear

Cobwebs (Cortinarius) is a rather extensive genus of mushrooms, numbering more than 40 species in our country alone, and worldwide this figure crosses the two-thousandth threshold. Most of their representatives are inedible, and some are generally deadly poisonous. The name of some species of these mushrooms speaks for itself: what is the superb cobweb or elegant cobweb worth. In another way, they are also called pribolotniki or ringed caps.

Brief description and habitat

Cobwebs are agaric mushrooms. Their main distinguishing feature may well be a bright color. They are found in purple, bright yellow, dark red, terracotta and other colors. Some species names went precisely because of this feature: purple cobweb, crimson cobweb, watery blue cobweb, and others. And the name of the whole genus of fungi was given by a cobweb film as a veil enveloping its representatives. The cobweb cover is clearly visible in young mushrooms: it connects the stem and the edges of the cap. And in mature representatives, a thin film breaks as it grows and becomes like a web that has entangled a mushroom leg. Some of its threads hang from the cap, but for the most part they remain in the lower part of the stem in the form of a cobweb ring. These mushrooms are very similar to each other and only experienced mushroom pickers can distinguish one type of cobweb from another.

All representatives of this genus have a round, flat hat as they grow, often raised in the middle. To the touch, it is smooth, fibrous, less often scaly. Both the mucous surface of the cap and dry can occur. The flesh is fleshy, thin, often white, but can be multi-colored. The plates are frequent, descending, and the stem is cylindrical, sometimes with a thickening at the base. It will always show the remnants of a cobweb bedspread. It almost coincides in color with the surface of the cap, sometimes it can differ only in the intensity of the shade. Spore powder in mushrooms is usually yellow and brown-yellow. In general, cobwebs are very similar to, so it is rather difficult to confuse them with edible mushrooms.

These mushrooms love moist, marshy soil. Often they can be found on the outskirts of the swamps, which is why they got the name "marsh". Cobwebs grow in deciduous and mixed forests, and are less commonly observed in coniferous ones. This is a widespread genus. Their habitat is the European part of Russia, Siberia, the Far East, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia and Kazakhstan. In Europe, they are often found in Austria, Italy, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Finland, Switzerland, Romania, Latvia and Estonia. You can also find them in the USA and Japan. However, although they are so ubiquitous, they are quite rare mushrooms. Some of their species, for example, the purple cobweb, are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and other regions.

Beneficial features

Despite the fact that some of the cobweb species are poisonous, this does not reduce the content of valuable substances in them that have practical applications in medicine. Some of the representatives of this genus are used as raw materials for the manufacture of dyes. Mostly brown or ocher mushrooms are used for this.

Edible and conditionally edible representatives are successfully used for culinary purposes, having previously undergone additional processing in the form of long-term boiling with frequent water changes. In cooking, such types of mushrooms as water-blue cobweb, excellent cobweb, purple cobweb, yellow cobweb are often used.

These are the most commonly eaten species. There are others, but many of them are useless and do not carry any taste value. Be that as it may, even well-known species need to be collected only by experienced mushroom pickers.

The types of cobwebs used in cooking can be consumed boiled, salted, fried, pickled, canned. Various first and second courses are incomparable with him. Many connoisseurs say that these mushrooms have a nutty flavor.

Roasted Spider Web Recipe

For cooking you will need:

edible or conditionally edible cobwebs - 500 grams;
flour - 4 tablespoons;
vegetable oil - 3 tablespoons;
greenery.

Initially, fresh mushrooms must be thoroughly boiled, changing repeatedly. Then cut them into small pieces. Pour into preheated skillet and cook until almost done. Then add flour to the mushrooms and continue cooking. On top of the dish, you can decorate with herbs and serve. It is best to consume it hot.

Types of mushrooms and medicinal properties

The most famous species of this genus are:

cobweb yellow or triumphant bog - edible;
cobweb purple - conditionally edible;
cobweb orange - conditionally edible;
cobweb crimson - conditionally edible;
cobweb shiny - poisonous;
cobweb bracelet - edible;
cobweb variable - conditionally edible;
cobweb brown - conditionally edible;
cobweb smeared - conditionally edible;
cobweb excellent - edible;
cobweb straight - conditionally edible;
cobweb red-olive - inedible;
gossamer cobweb - conditionally edible;
scaly cobweb - inedible.

Some representatives of this genus are considered poisonous mushrooms, but this does not reduce their medicinal properties.

Cobweb red

Red or blood-reddish mushroom, belongs to the category of poisonous. It bears a close resemblance to the inedible cobweb purple. It has pronounced antiseptic properties. The substances included in its composition prevent the development of tuberculosis mycobacteria. Found in coniferous forests. Likes moist, mossy soil. Fruiting from July to September.

Cobweb bracelet

It has a yellow-brown or brown-red color, with age the terracotta color prevails and becomes more saturated. It resembles a triumphant cobweb. This is a conditionally edible mushroom, used in cooking only after careful pre-treatment. For medicinal purposes, it is used as an antiseptic. Forms mycorrhiza only with birch. Picky in the choice of soil - prefers a swampy acidic environment. Fruiting from July to early October.

The color of the fungus is multifaceted: from grayish-green to black-olive with brown and brown impurities. It has a sufficient similarity with many representatives of this species, from which it differs in the absence of smell, a very bitter taste and black color of the plates. The alkaloids that make up its composition, in laboratory studies, have shown good results in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase - which is one of the main types of therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other memory disorders. This mushroom is considered poisonous. It occurs mainly in deciduous and mixed forests, loves calcareous soils. Forms mycorrhiza with oak and beech. Fruiting from July to October.

Goat web

Pale lilac, ocher white with age. It is similar to camphor cobweb, which has the same unpleasant specific smell. It differs from a rare species - the purple cobweb - by the rusty color of the plates, from the white-violet representative - by a more saturated color, from the purple line - by a strong repulsive aroma and a tangled plentiful coverlet. The mushroom is inedible. Its consumption is not recommended. For medical purposes, it has pronounced antibacterial properties. In its composition, an antibiotic, inolomin, was identified.

Harm and dangerous properties

Some types of cobwebs are very toxic and poisonous. They are most dangerous because signs of poisoning can appear after a few days, or even weeks, since they contain delayed-action toxins. Their poison is very detrimental to the kidneys, with its help a disease such as acute interstitial nephritis can develop. Even irreversible changes in the structure of the kidneys and death are possible. According to statistics, there are seven cases of poisoning, one fatal.

The characteristic signs of cobweb poisoning are burning and dry mouth, intense thirst followed by vomiting, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Often accompanied by headache and pain in the lumbar region. Even if you notice the symptoms in time and consult a doctor, recovery and treatment will take quite a long time.

In order to protect yourself, it is important to remember the first rule of the mushroom picker: if there is any doubt about the edibility or inedibility of the mushroom, then it is customary to consider it obviously poisonous. In general, it is better not to take risks and entrust the collection of cobwebs to specialists who can confidently distinguish a good mushroom from its poisonous counterpart.

By the way, when preparing good edible mushrooms, it is worth remembering that violations in technology and non-compliance with processing rules can lead to severe poisoning and sad consequences.

First aid for poisoning

Any type of poisoning requires immediate medical attention, before the arrival of an ambulance. It is advisable not to transport the patient to the clinic, as some toxins can cause disturbances in the activity of the cardiovascular system.

Before the arrival of the doctor should:

put the patient to bed;
perform repeated gastric lavage;
drink a laxative to remove poison from the intestines;
do a cleansing enema.

In case of poisoning, severe dehydration of the body occurs, therefore it is recommended to drink the patient with saline solutions, for example, rehydron. Give the victim cool strong teas or just salted water. With calf cramps, which often occur precisely because of dehydration, mustard plasters can be put on the lower leg.

If everything was done correctly, and the danger was noticed at an early stage, then after such measures, the victim may already feel an improvement in 2-3 hours.

But this is not a reason to refuse hospitalization on the recommendation of a doctor.

findings

Cobwebs are quite rare and mostly dangerous mushrooms. But this does not stop some gourmets from collecting various representatives of this genus for culinary purposes. Many of them have an interesting taste and are often eaten after being pre-processed.

Before preparing a dish of cobwebs, they must be thoroughly boiled, changing the water several times. However, only experienced mushroom pickers will be able to cope with such an overwhelming task as determining which type of cobweb a particular mushroom belongs to.

The thing is that they are very similar to each other and an ignorant person can quite easily confuse an edible representative with his dangerous toxic relative.

Cobwebs are very scary because of the slow-acting toxins they contain. Poisoning with these mushrooms does not appear immediately, but after a rather long period of time, which can be up to 14 days.

In some cases, they lead to pathological changes in the body, and sometimes even death. In case of mushroom poisoning, the victim should immediately be given first aid in the form of washing the stomach and intestines, as well as provide plenty of fluids to avoid dangerous dehydration.

But even the most poisonous mushrooms do not lose their medicinal properties. They contain substances from which, with the right technology in the laboratory, you can extract various components that are used to create antibiotics and various other drugs.

In fact, the cobweb is a rather valuable mushroom, but it is valued mainly for its medical indicators. Its taste and culinary properties are not particularly popular. Cobwebs are quite rare and little-known mushrooms, so it’s better not to take risks and refuse to eat them, in favor of other edible, tastier and more famous representatives of them.

Systematics:

Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
Family: Cortinariaceae (Spiderwebs)
Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
View: Cortinarius orellanus (Orange-red cobweb)

Other names for mushroom:

Other names:

Cobweb mountain
Cobweb orange-red

Description:
Orange-red cobweb (Cortinarius orellanus) has a dry, matte cap, covered with small scales, 3-8.5 cm in diameter, hemispherical at the beginning, then flat, with an inexpressive tubercle, orange or brown-red with a golden tint. All of them are distinguished by non-slip, always dry fruiting bodies, a felt-silky hat and a slender, not thickened leg. The plates are painted in colors from orange to rusty brown.

Spreading:
Cobweb orange-red- a relatively rare species. It has not yet been found in some countries. In Europe, it grows mainly in autumn (sometimes at the end of summer) in deciduous, and occasionally in coniferous forests. It forms mycorrhiza mainly with oak and birch. Most often appears on acidic soils. Learning to recognize this extremely dangerous fungus is very difficult, because there are many similar species; because of this, even for a specialist, it is not easy to determine the orange-red webbed.

Note:

Cobweb orange-red - deadly poisonous. Contains the poisonous substance orellanin, which causes pathological changes in the kidneys. Signs of poisoning appear 3-14 days after ingestion of the fungus. The fungus retains its toxic properties after boiling in water or drying.

The orange-red cobweb, like other species, was considered a harmless fungus until 1960. The prevailing opinion was that among the huge number of cobwebs (more than 400 species grow in Europe alone), there are only bitter inedible species and relatively tasty species that are suitable for writing.

However, after the frequent poisonings that took place in Poland, many of which turned out to be fatal, it was possible to establish that their culprit was the orange-red spiderweb - smelling like a radish and a pleasant-tasting mushroom. During chemical analysis, several toxic compounds- orellanin, cortinarin, benzoinin, etc. Eating this and other types of cobwebs is especially dangerous because the first signs of poisoning do not appear immediately, but after a rather long time - from 3 to 24 days. Then comes the rapid deterioration of the human condition, impaired kidney function and death.

We offer a description and photo of the cobweb of various species and varieties - this information will help diversify quiet forest hunting and make it more productive.

Look at the poisonous and edible cobweb mushroom in the photo and try to find it in the forest during the next outing into nature:

Cobweb mushroom in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Description of the spiderweb mushroom white-violet: caps 3-10 cm, at first spherical pale purple, then silvery or pale lilac hemispherical with a tubercle, and finally open. The plates remain for a long time under a powerful cobweb covering that connects the edge of the cap with the stem. The plates are rare, adhering to the tooth, at first gray-blue, rusty-ocher after opening the bedspread. Leg 5-12 cm long, 1-2 cm long, white-purple or covered with white-purple cotton wool, expanded at the bottom. The flesh is pale lilac, has no unpleasant odor.

Cobweb mushrooms in the photo and description are presented in various versions, this will allow you to recognize them in the forest:

It grows very abundantly in lingonberries and blueberries, among mosses in glades and on the edge of a pine forest. Sometimes it appears on dry deciduous forest belts, where it is thicker and with a smoother surface.

Its twin, the inedible goat web (Cortinarius traganus), differs from it in the presence of the smell of acetylene.

The white-violet cobweb is edible after preliminary boiling.

Consider other edible cobweb mushrooms that grow in the forests of central Russia. All edible cobweb mushrooms with photos and descriptions must be able to distinguish from poisonous specimens, since they are a mortal danger.

Cobweb bracelet
Cobweb excellent

Bracelet web (Cortinarius armillatus)

Spiderweb bracelet grows in deciduous and coniferous forests

Spider web bracelet in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Hat up to 5-12 cm, at first red-brick, hemispherical, covered with cobwebs, then rusty-brown, opened in the form of a lampshade, and, finally, open, fibrous with a thin edge. The leg is cylindrical or club-shaped, light brown, 6-4 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, decorated with brick-red bracelets. The pulp is ocher, has no unpleasant smell. Spore powder is rusty brown.

It grows in deciduous and mixed forests under birch and in pine forests among mosses.
Fruiting from August to October.

It differs from inedible cobwebs by the presence of orange stripes on the leg and the absence of an unpleasant odor.

The mushroom is edible but tasteless. Suitable as a filler for dishes and preparations from other mushrooms.

Superb cobweb (Cortinarius praestans)

The mushroom is edible. Hats up to 3-12 cm, at first spherical, closed with a cobweb, then hemispherical, finally open, in wet weather very slimy and sticky, when dry, smooth, brown or "burnt sugar" color. The plates are thick whitish with a purple tinge or yellowish. Leg 5-15 cm, whitish, widened below. The pulp is white, dense with a pleasant smell.

It grows mainly in deciduous forests, but also occurs in coniferous forests. Prefers calcareous soil.

Fruiting from July to October.

It differs from inedible and poisonous cobwebs by the absence of an unpleasant odor.

If you are not sure that you know this mushroom, it is better not to collect it.

The cobweb excellent in some countries is valued on a par with porcini mushrooms.

Above, we looked at what cobwebs look like, suitable for eating, and now it's the turn of inedible species. It is worth knowing that the poisonous cobweb mushroom is very dangerous, because it can be fatal.

See how the poisonous cobweb looks like in the photo, remember it and under no circumstances pick it up in the forest:

Cobweb lazy
Cobweb lazy

Goat web
Common cobweb

Cobweb lazy (Cortinarius bolaris)

Cobweb lazy in the photo

The mushroom is inedible. Caps up to 3-8 cm, at first hemispherical, then convex and finally open, clay-yellow, densely covered with large red or red-orange scales. In young mushrooms, the scales are glued to the surface of the cap, the yellow color of the surface is visible only as small gaps between the red scales. In mature mushrooms, the scales diverge over the surface of the cap and lag behind it at the edge. The plates are clay-yellow, then brown, turning red when damaged. Leg 5-7 cm long, 5-15 mm thick, cylindrical, reddish-fibrous, often scaly, like a cap. The flesh is whitish with a brownish tinge. Spore powder is yellow-green.

It grows in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests on acidic soil.

Fruiting from August to September.

Has no poisonous twins.

Goat web (Cortinarius traganus)

The mushroom is inedible. Massive hats 3-12 cm, at first, spherical and lilac, then hemispherical and, finally, open ocher, with a fringed edge. The plates are ocher-yellow with a violet tint, later brownish-ocher. Leg lilac or yellow, with scales, 5-10 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, with an extension at the bottom. The flesh of young mushrooms is white-blue, then ocher with an unpleasant "goat" smell of acetylene.

Grows very abundantly in deciduous and coniferous forests, on windbreaks, often in large groups.
Fruiting from August to October.

Goat cobweb does not have poisonous twins.

The goat web is inedible due to the unpleasant smell of acetylene.

Common cobweb (Cortinarius triviah)

The edibility of the mushroom is questionable. Caps up to 5-8 cm, at first hemispherical, then convex or open, mucous yellow-rusty-brown, straw-yellow when dry. The plates are white-gray with a purple tint, later rusty-brown. Leg yellow or with a bluish tinge, 8-12 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, covered with mucus in the upper part, with dark belts in the lower part. The flesh is light whitish-buffy, in old mushrooms with a slight unpleasant odor.

It grows in deciduous and mixed forests under poplars, birches, oaks and pines.
It bears fruit from July to September in large numbers.

It looks like an inedible slimy cobweb (Cortinarius mucosus) with a white leg.

The common cobweb is not designated as a poisonous mushroom, but its edibility is in doubt.

Have you heard of such a fungus as a cobweb? And it turns out to be deadly poisonous! You will find detailed information in the article.

Beautiful cobweb - deadly poisonous mushroom

A photo of the mushroom in question is presented to your attention in the article. The most beautiful cobweb (reddish) - is the genus Cobweb, the Spider web family. In the people it is also called a swamp. They should not be eaten either raw or cooked, because the toxins contained in them provoke the development of kidney failure. This genus consists of at least 40 species. Some are considered poisonous, some are edible, and some are conditionally edible. According to external signs, such mushrooms are quite similar, due to which they are often confused. This suggests that it is better not to collect them without proper knowledge about both cobwebs and mushrooms in general. And in order to decide to eat such a mushroom, you need to be 100% sure what kind of cobweb you found.

Until the 1950s, it was believed that these mushrooms could be eaten. And only as a result of a large number of incidents with orange-red cobweb poisoning, and later the most beautiful cobweb, registered in 1957, it was decided to classify these mushrooms as deadly poisonous. These two species are the most toxic.

Appearance

The width of the cap varies from 4 to 9 cm, starting from a conical shape, flowing into a flat prostrate one, with a tubercle in the center. The outer layer is dry, matte with a velvety and fibrous structure. Color - reddish-orange or reddish-brown, the central part is darker. When in contact with water does not increase in size.

The plates are planted infrequently, they are wide, thick. At first, the color corresponds to the hat, then it changes to a reddish-brown. In young mushrooms, a cobweb-like cover of yellow-ocher color can be seen.

The leg is cylindrical, increasing or tapering at the base, while its length is 60-100 mm, and its thickness is 4-10 mm. On the fibrous coating, you can find crooked belts of a barely yellow tint.

The flesh has a light orange or yellow-brown hue with a bad smell.

The trace of the spores is reddish-brown. Their size is 8-8.5 microns, the shape is wide elliptical or almost spherical, with a warty outer layer. Cheilocystidia are practically non-existent.

Where does it grow

The most beautiful cobweb is a deadly poisonous mushroom that is found in Europe in numerous regions. In our areas, they grow in the central regions, as well as in the northern part. You can see such mushrooms in mountainous areas, on hillsides. They are quite rare.

How it grows

Most of all, such a mushroom grows in oak, as well as old coniferous forests, where light sandy soil is common. Damp spruce forests with green sphagnum mosses are also favorable for growth.

Toxic spores can be dispersed to other areas by airflow and tactile contact. Mycorrhiza forms with spruce.

It bears fruit from July, up to the formation of the first frost on the soil. Near the clusters of the most beautiful cobweb, you can find others of this genus.

The most beautiful cobweb is a deadly poisonous mushroom: types

In our territories, up to 40 species of mushrooms of this genus can be found, and only 2 of them are edible. Some of them are so dangerous that they are equated with the vast majority of mushrooms are simply inedible.

Only specialists can find the difference among all these species, which suggests that it is better to bypass them.

Similar species

Mountain cobweb is another poisonous mushroom, the use of which can be fatal. The width of its cap is 30-80 mm, at first it is convex, and when the mushroom ages, its shape becomes flat, in the central part there is a flat tubercle. The outer layer is dry. The color varies from yellow-brown to reddish-brown. The height of the leg is 40-90 mm, and its width is 10-20 mm. It's already at the bottom. The surface of the cap and stem is fibrous.

Edible cobweb - a type of mushroom that can be eaten. His second name is fat. Its 50-80 mm cap has a dense fleshy structure with edges wrapped towards the ground. With the course of the life cycle, it acquires a flat, slightly depressed shape. Its color is greyish-white, and the surface is moist. The leg has a height of 20-30 mm and a width of 15-20 mm, it is dense, without bends.

Mucus cobweb is a conditionally edible mushroom. It should not be confused with the slimy cobweb. The hat has a diameter of 100-120 mm. At first, it has a bell-shaped shape, which eventually becomes flat with a curved edge. The color of the cap varies between yellowish, brown and brown. The whole mushroom is covered with mucus. The leg reaches 200 mm in length, it resembles a spindle. Its color is white with a bluish tinge. Particles in the form of lumps and rings can be found on the leg.

There is another similar deadly poisonous species - the brilliant cobweb. He is quite rare. It is very easy to recognize by its bright yellow hat, covered with mucus. Found in coniferous forests.

The most beautiful cobweb (a deadly poisonous mushroom, similar species of which were presented to your attention above) can still be confused with some edible mushrooms. These are crimson hygrophores, camphor lactic and a type of honey agaric - armillaria glubniev. The main difference between a poisonous mushroom and honey agaric is the presence of buffy belts and red plates on its leg - they are white or light yellow in honey agaric.

Classification

What else is known about such a mushroom as the most beautiful cobweb? Deadly poisonous which includes the following basic data:

Kingdom - Eukaryotes.
Kingdom - Mushrooms.
Subkingdom - Higher mushrooms.
Department - Basidiomycetes.
Subdivision - Agaricomicotina.
Class - Agaricomycetes.
Subclass - Agaric.
Family - Cobweb.
Genus - Cobweb.
Subgenus - Leprocybe.
View - The most beautiful cobweb.
World Scientific Name: Cortinarius rubellus Cooke.

Toxic Substances

The most beautiful cobweb is a rare deadly poisonous mushroom that contains a very strong toxin, a complex polypeptide - orellanin. It does not lose its toxic qualities after being treated with high temperatures, placed in a different acidic environment and dried. Toxicity is greatly reduced only under the influence of ultraviolet and solar radiation. This mushroom contains 7.5 mg of orellanin for every 1 g of dried mushrooms.

Experts believe that in addition to orellanin, mushrooms contain 2 additional polypeptides - cortinarin A and B, which determine the totality of manifestations in the form of patient complaints. The joint presence of these 3 components was found only in 2 species of mushrooms of this family: the most beautiful cobweb (reddish) and orange-red.

What are the main symptoms and how quickly do they appear?

Thanks to a large number of studies, it has been determined that the main organ that affects orellanin is the kidneys. Due to its joint action with metabolites, free radicals appear in the epithelial cells of the kidneys, cell membranes are destroyed, alkaline phosphatase and protein production are suppressed, as well as damage to the structure of RNA and DNA.

Even a small amount of the product can harm the body. 40 g of freshly picked mushrooms, eaten, can lead to death. That is why, in order to save your life, it is recommended not to pay attention to the brown-red cobwebs, and not to collect suspicious mushrooms at all.

The clinical picture of the orellanin syndrome largely depends on personal susceptibility to the toxin. In case of poisoning with the most beautiful cobweb, there are four stages of the disease.

A particular danger of orellanin poisoning is that symptoms as a result of its ingestion may appear only after a long time, when it is already too late, and everyone will safely forget about the use of mushrooms. There are cases when symptoms appear after 7-14 days. During poisoning, the patient may experience nausea, a huge need to drink, a feeling of dryness and burning in the oral cavity, vomiting may occur, and pain in the abdomen. This condition can last from 1 to 2 weeks. If you do not seek help in a timely manner, then a fatal outcome is not ruled out. In special cases, when the patient's condition is very serious, the onset of death can occur even 5 months after the moment the poisonous mushroom was consumed.

In the case of a short lethal stage, within 2-3 days, acute renal failure is formed with a prolonged oligoanuric stage. Children and the elderly are most affected by the disease.

If nephropathy persists for a long time, then in 30-50% of cases it will be followed by the formation of a chronic form of renal failure.

Cobweb orange-red also called plush cobweb or mountain cobweb. You can meet him from the last decade of August to the last decade of October in broad-leaved (where oak-birch is present) and coniferous forests. Prefers to grow singly and in groups on sandy soil. More common in the southern regions of Russia.

The hat is from 4 to 8 cm in diameter, first has a hemispherical shape, then convex-prostrate or flat with a lowered edge. The surface is dry, dull, felt, finely scaly, orange-red-brown in color with a darker center. There is a small tubercle in the central part of the cap.

The plates are sparsely located, wide, thick, adherent, have a color similar to the color of the cap. On very young specimens, there is a cobweb coverlet of a yellowish-ocher color, which disappears very early.

The cylindrical leg, sometimes slightly narrowed towards the base, has a length of 5-10 cm and a diameter of up to 2 cm. The structure is longitudinally fibrous (covered with dark fibers inherited from a torn bedspread), without belts, has a light yellow color on the main part. The stem is lemon-yellow at the top, rusty-brown at the base.

The pulp is yellowish-brown, tasteless, with a slight unpleasant odor, vaguely resembling a radish.

The orange-red cobweb is recognized as a deadly poisonous mushroom. Its main insidiousness lies in the fact that the main symptoms of poisoning appear 5-14 days after consumption. Toxic toxins (orellanins) are completely preserved when cooked, fried or dried. The first symptoms of poisoning are unbearable thirst, then there are sharp pains in the abdomen, later pathological changes in the functioning of the kidneys occur. If the poisoned person was lucky and survived, then further treatment can last up to a year or more.

Mountain cobweb can be confused with similar types of brown-red cobwebs: beautiful poisonous cobweb, brown cobweb, dark brown cobweb, edible bracelet. Since even edible species do not taste good, it is better to refuse to eat all the more or less suspicious specimens.

Photos of orange-red cobweb (Cortinarius orellanus)

In order to better recognize this poisonous mushroom, it does not hurt to watch the video of the Italian mycological association about orange-red cobweb