Order of Glory list of recipients. The highest military order "Victory" and the Order of Glory I, II and III degrees. Some facts about the order-bearing heroes

Order of Glory - military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of November 8, 1943 “On the establishment of the Order of Glory I, II and III degrees.” The Order was awarded to junior personnel: privates, sergeants and foremen of the Red Army, and in aviation - to persons holding the rank of junior lieutenant. It was awarded only for personal merit; it was not awarded to military units and formations.
The Order of Glory, in its statute and color of the ribbon, almost completely repeated one of the most revered awards in pre-revolutionary Russia - the St. George Cross (among the differences are a different number of degrees: 3 and 4, respectively).
The Order of Glory has three degrees, of which the highest order, I degree, is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree has a gilded central medallion). These insignia could be issued for personal feat on the battlefield, and were issued in strict order - from lowest to highest degree.
By 1978, about a million badges of the Order of Glory of the 3rd degree were issued for distinction in the battles of the Great Patriotic War and exploits in other military conflicts, more than 46 thousand - of the 2nd degree and 2562 (or 2674) - of the 1st degree. According to later and updated data, there are 2,674 full holders of the Order of Glory, including four women.
Full holders of the order are pilot of the assault aviation regiment Ivan Grigorievich Drachenko, marine Pavel Khristoforovich Dubinda and artillerymen Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov, Andrei Vasilyevich Aleshin, who were also awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union during the war years.
For courage and heroism shown in battle on the left bank of the Vistula River on January 14, 1945 during the Vistula-Oder operation - all privates, sergeants and foremen of the 1st battalion of the 215th Red Banner Regiment of the 77th Guards Chernigov Red Banner Order of Lenin and Suvorov Rifle divisions were awarded the Order of Glory; company commanders - the Order of the Red Banner; platoon commanders received the Order of Alexander Nevsky, and battalion commander B.N. Emelyanov became a Hero of the Soviet Union. This was the only unit in which all fighters received the Order of Glory in one battle.
Statute of the order
The Order of Glory is awarded to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, and in aviation, to persons with the rank of junior lieutenant, who have demonstrated glorious feats of bravery, courage and fearlessness in battles for the Soviet Motherland.
The Order of Glory consists of three degrees: I, II and III degrees. The highest degree of the order is I degree. The award is made sequentially: first with the third, then with the second and finally with the first degree.
The Order of Glory is awarded to those who:
- Having been the first to break into the enemy's disposition, he contributed to the success of the common cause with his personal courage;
- While in the tank that caught fire, he continued to carry out his combat mission;
- In a moment of danger, he saved the banner of his unit from being captured by the enemy;
- With personal weapons, with accurate shooting, he destroyed from 10 to 50 enemy soldiers and officers;
- In the battle, he disabled at least two enemy tanks with anti-tank gun fire;
- Destroyed from one to three tanks on the battlefield or behind enemy lines with hand grenades;
- Destroyed at least three enemy aircraft with artillery or machine gun fire;
- Disdaining danger, he was the first to break into the enemy bunker (trench, trench or dugout), and with decisive actions destroyed his garrison;
- As a result of personal reconnaissance, he identified weak points in the enemy’s defenses and brought our troops behind enemy lines;
- Personally captured an enemy officer;
- At night he removed the enemy's outpost (watch, secret) or captured it;
- Personally, with resourcefulness and courage, he made his way to the enemy’s position and destroyed his machine gun or mortar;
- While on a night sortie, he destroyed an enemy warehouse with military equipment;
- Risking his life, he saved the commander in battle from the immediate danger that threatened him;
- Neglecting personal danger, he captured the enemy’s banner in battle;
- Having been wounded, after bandaging he returned to duty;
- Shot down an enemy plane with his personal weapon;
- Having destroyed enemy fire weapons with artillery or mortar fire, he ensured the successful actions of his unit;
- Under enemy fire, he made a passage for the advancing unit through the enemy's wire barriers;
- Risking his life, under enemy fire he provided assistance to the wounded during a number of battles;
- While in a damaged tank, he continued to carry out a combat mission using the tank’s weapons;
- He quickly crashed his tank into an enemy column, crushed it and continued to carry out his combat mission;
- With his tank he crushed one or more enemy guns or destroyed at least two machine-gun nests;
- While in reconnaissance, he obtained valuable information about the enemy;
In September 1941, a fighter battalion was formed in the village of Staroshcherbinovskaya. Pavel Archakov, then not yet eighteen, volunteered. As part of this battalion, Yeysk defended and retreated to Primorsko-Akhtarsk. “They loaded us onto two small ships,” recalls Pavel Ilyich, “and we went by sea to Temryuk. And along the way, German planes flew in.” Our ship had a large-caliber machine gun and a small anti-aircraft gun. Their calculations prevented enemy aircraft from approaching the ship and conducting targeted bombing. The other ship was less protected. The Nazis sank it. It was painful to look at the death of our soldiers; their fists were clenched in impotent rage, but we had no way to somehow punish the enemy in that situation... From Temryuk the battalion was transferred to Novorossiysk. The young soldier got into such a mess there, from which it seemed he would not be able to get out alive. A large group of fighters, which included Pavel Archakov, found themselves pressed against the coastline. There is nowhere to hide; everything is shot at from commanding heights. The soldier fell into a small hollow and pressed himself into the ground. And so I lay under fire the whole day, unable to even raise my head. I heard bullets whistling and tearing his duffel bag to shreds on his back. “I thought there was no one left alive,” says the veteran. - It got dark. I looked as if soldiers and sailors were starting to rise from under the ground. They gathered and began to make their way along the shore to their own. The soldiers who escaped the encirclement were enlisted in the 276th Infantry Division. Pavel Ilyich ended up in the reconnaissance platoon of the 871st regiment. With this regiment he liberated the villages of Leningradskaya, Starominskaya, Staroshcherbinovskaya. Heavy fighting took place on the Taman Peninsula, where Soviet troops could not overcome the enemy’s defenses. Every night, reconnaissance groups went in search of the language, but the invaders were on their guard, and attempts to cross the defense line ended in failure. The unit in which Pavel Archakov served was given the task of conducting reconnaissance in force. Early in the morning, the soldiers silently approached the channel, behind which the enemy trenches were located. And the boats quickly crossed the water barrier. “The Germans did not expect such impudence from us,” says Pavel Ilyich. - And they realized it when we were already in their trenches. As it turned out later, the German unit located opposite us was replenished with recruits. They missed our throw. Then Soviet soldiers captured 17 Nazis, immediately sent them to their side on boats under the protection of several people, and they themselves began to repel the attack of the Nazis, who had recovered from the shock. The scouts held the defense for more than a day and repelled seven attacks. But they were forced to retreat. For that battle, Pavel Archakov was awarded the Order of Glory, third degree.
After the expulsion of the Nazis from Kuban, the 276th Infantry Division was transferred to Ukraine, near Vinnitsa. The 871st Regiment, being at the forefront of the division's attack, penetrated deeply into the enemy's defenses. “The deputy regiment commander came to our unit,” says Pavel Ilyich. - Apparently, to get acquainted on the spot with the situation that developed during the offensive. And when he began to return back, he came under fire. He was seriously wounded. They pulled out commander Pavel and his comrades from under fire. And they had only just managed to send us on a cart to the rear when the Germans went on the attack again. The Nazis struck from the flanks and cut off the attackers from the main forces of the division. The regiment was surrounded. “The commander called me,” the veteran continues the story, “and orders: “Take several soldiers and, together with the standard bearer, take the regiment’s banner out of the encirclement.” But no matter what direction the group went, they ran into fascists everywhere. In one of the skirmishes with the enemy, the standard bearer N. Gogiychashvili was killed. Pavel Archakov took the banner, wrapped it around his body, covered it with a tunic, and with the remaining fighters tried to escape pursuit. What saved them was that a blizzard broke out and in this whirlwind of snow, the Soviet soldiers fell into a deep crater either from an air bomb or from a shell. The pursuers passed by. For a total of nine days, without food, practically without ammunition, the three surviving soldiers tried to reach their own through enemy barriers. We went to the outskirts of the village of Mukhovka. It turned out that after the breakthrough the remnants of the regiment were also quartered here. One can imagine the anxiety of the commander, who was in the dark for almost ten days: where was the group of soldiers with the standard bearer? And what happened to the regiment's banner? After all, the unit that lost its battle flag was disbanded, and the command staff was put on trial by a military tribunal. “I came to headquarters,” says the former intelligence officer, “I report to the commander that the task was completed, the banner was saved.” I saw that he had tears in his eyes. “Thank you,” he says, “son, for your service.” After some time, Pavel is awarded the Order of Glory, second degree. And for saving the regiment commander - the medal “For Courage”. ...After a successful offensive, the regiment in which Pavel Ilyich served took over the fascist defense line. It was freezing outside, and the soldiers settled in the dugout where the invaders had been located a few hours earlier. After a heavy offensive in the warm dugout, the fighters felt sleepy. Everyone calmed down, and in the silence that followed, Pavel heard a clock mechanism ticking somewhere. Thinking about what it all means, looking for a watch and listening to different sounds, the veteran shares his memories. - This same feeling saved my life before, when the battles took place on the Taman Peninsula. We then took up defense, I dug myself a cell, but some unknown force pushed me out of it. He moved to another place and dug a trench there. And then another unit arrives for reinforcements. And one of the soldiers, seeing an empty cell, asks if it has an owner. He was, they say, but dug in somewhere else. Well, he took it. And during the battle, after a direct hit from a shell, a deep crater formed at the site of the trench...
Georgy Timofeev. Staff correspondent for “Free Kuban”. Art. Staroshcherbinovskaya.
Information
By 1945, about 1,500 awards were made with the Order of Glory, I degree, about 17,000 awards with the Order of Glory, II degree, and about 200,000 awards with the Order of Glory, III degree. During the Great Patriotic War, 2,562 people became full holders of the Order of Glory. In 1967 and 1975, additional benefits were introduced for full holders of the Order of Glory, giving them equal rights with Heroes of the Soviet Union. For example, they were given the right to assign them personal pensions of union significance, substantial housing benefits, the right to free travel, and others. The current legislation of the Russian Federation confirms all these rights to holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees. In the first post-war years, practically no special documents existed for full holders of the Order of Glory. The recipient was given only a uniform order book, and it listed all three degrees of the order and other awards (if any). But, in 1976, a specialized document appeared for full holders of the order - the order book of the recipient of the Order of Glory of three degrees. The first such books were issued in February 1976 by military commissariats at the place of residence of the recipients. After the Second World War, the Order of Glory was awarded to many privates and sergeants who distinguished themselves in suppressing the “counter-revolutionary rebellion” in Hungary in 1956. In the 7th Guards Airborne Division alone, 245 people were awarded the order of the third degree. As of 1989, 2,620 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 1st degree, 46,473 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 2nd degree, and 997,815 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 3rd degree.

In the photo: Golikov Anatoly Efimovich. There were only about 20 such young heroes (born in 1926).
The Order of Glory was established on November 8, 1943, simultaneously with the Order of Victory, at the moment when it became clear that the war would end in victory over Germany. The order was created on the personal initiative of J.V. Stalin and was the most “soldier’s order” among all military awards. The first proposal to create this award was made back in June 1943 at a meeting of the People's Commissariat of Defense, at which the project of the Order of Victory was discussed. The main idea of introducing the new order was to reward private and junior command personnel of the Red Army for a wide variety of heroic deeds committed in battle. This order was issued only for specific achievements, which were strictly regulated by statute.

The task of developing a new order was transferred to the Technical Committee of the Main Quartermaster Directorate of the spacecraft, which at that time was headed by Lieutenant General S.V. Aginsky. The development of the order began here in August 1943. A team of 9 artists worked on the design of the award. In total, by October 2, 1943, they had prepared 26 draft orders, of which only 4 were presented to Stalin. As a result, he approved the sketch of the order, which was created by N.I. Moskalev, the author of the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, the Order of Kutuzov and all medals for the defense of cities of the USSR. According to the original plan, the order was supposed to have 4 degrees at once. In this he was supposed to repeat the pre-revolutionary Order of St. George and the “insignia of the military order” - the famous Cross of St. George, one of the most respected royal awards among the people. Initially, it was planned to call the award the Order of Bagration, by analogy with the already existing “commander’s orders”. However, Stalin thought differently; he proposed calling the award the Order of Glory, explaining that “there is no victory without glory,” and also reduced the number of degrees to 3, by analogy with “commander’s orders.”

The Order of Glory had 3 degrees, the highest of which was considered the first degree. The awarding of this order was carried out sequentially: first, the serviceman had to receive the order of the 3rd degree, then the 2nd degree and at the end of the 1st degree. The Order of Glory was awarded to sergeants and privates of the Red Army; in addition, military personnel with the rank of junior lieutenant could be nominated to this order if they served in aviation. It is interesting to note this detail: full holders of the Order of Glory had the right to receive an extraordinary military rank. Thus, privates and junior command personnel (corporals and sergeants) automatically became foremen, foremen became junior lieutenants, and junior lieutenants became lieutenants.

The Order of Glory was awarded for courage, fearlessness and personal courage demonstrated in a combat situation. Privates and junior command personnel could be nominated for the order for the following heroic deeds: disabled at least 2 enemy tanks with anti-tank gun fire; using personal weapons with accurate shooting, he destroyed from 10 to 50 enemy soldiers and officers; being in a tank that caught fire, he continued to fight; shot down an enemy plane with his personal weapon; after being wounded and bandaged, he returned to duty; captured an officer of the enemy army; while driving a tank, destroyed one or more enemy guns or at least 2 machine gun nests; a fighter pilot who destroyed from 2 to 4 enemy aircraft in one battle; attack pilot for destroying from 2 to 5 enemy tanks in one raid. And this is only a small part of the provisions of the statute of this award. In total, there were 32 specific combat situations that involved awarding a soldier with the Order of Glory.

It is worth noting that the Order of Glory, by Soviet standards, was not the most ordinary order, having a number of unique features:

1) This was the only Soviet military order that was intended to be awarded only to privates and sergeants (and junior lieutenants in aviation).
2) The Order of Glory was awarded only in ascending order, from the lowest degree (III) to the highest (I). This order of awarding in the Soviet Union was repeated only 30 years later in the statutes of the orders “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR” and Labor Glory.
3) Until 1974, the Order of Glory was the only Soviet order that was issued exclusively for personal merit and was never issued to military units, organizations, or enterprises.
4) According to the statute of the Order of Glory, the cavalier of all 3 degrees was promoted in rank, which was an exception for the entire award system of the USSR.
5) The colors of the order ribbon completely repeated the colors of the pre-revolutionary imperial Order of St. George, which was, at least, unexpected for the Soviet Union of Stalin times.
6) The design and color of the order ribbon were the same for all 3 degrees of the award, which was also typical only for the pre-revolutionary award system and was never used in the Soviet award system.

Order of Glory III degree

The Order of Glory was a five-pointed star, the distance between its opposite peaks was 46 mm. In the central part of the five-pointed star there was a round medallion; the diameter of the medallion was 23.5 mm. The medallion depicted the Kremlin's Spasskaya Tower. A laurel wreath ran along the circumference of the medallion. At the bottom of the circle there was the inscription “Glory” (all letters were in capitals), the inscription was located on a ribbon covered with red enamel. On the reverse side of the award there was a circle with a diameter of 19 mm, with the inscription USSR in the middle. Using a ring and an eyelet, the award was attached to a standard pentagonal block, which was covered with a silk ribbon 24 mm wide. The tape had 5 longitudinal alternating stripes: 3 black and 2 orange, the width of the stripes was the same. Along the edges of the tape there was one small orange strip, only 1 mm wide.

The Order of Glory, 1st degree, was made from 950 gold. The award contained 28.619±1.425 g of gold, its total weight was 30.414±1.5 g. The Order of Glory, II degree, was made of silver, and the circle with the image of the Kremlin's Spasskaya Tower was gilded. The award contained 20.302±1.222 g of silver, its total weight was 22.024±1.5 g. The Order of Glory, III degree, was also made from silver. The award contained 20.549±1.388 g of silver, its total weight was 22.260±1.6 g.

The right to award the Order of Glory, III degree, was granted to commanders of active army formations from the brigade commander and above. The Order of Glory, II degree, could be awarded to a soldier by the commanders of an army or flotilla. The Order of Glory, 1st degree, was awarded only on the recommendation of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces. The first award of the Order of Glory took place on November 13, 1943, that is, 5 days after the establishment of the new award.

On November 13, an award sheet was signed for the nomination of sapper Senior Sergeant V.S. Malyshev to the Order of Glory, III degree, who during the battle managed to get close to an enemy machine gun that was impeding the advance of Soviet troops and destroyed it. Later, Malyshev will also receive the Order of Glory, II degree. According to other sources, the first award was received by Sergeant G. A. Israelyan, also a sapper. Apparently, Malyshev was the first to be presented with the order, but the award was presented to him later, when Sergeant Israelyan had already received it. It is worth noting that the orders were sent to various sectors of the front in batches, after which they were distributed among the headquarters of the formations that had the right to award them. For this reason, an order that was issued earlier often had a higher number than an award issued later.

Honored Artist of the RSFSR Alexey Makarovich Smirnov, holder of the Order of Glory II and III degrees

The first holders of the Order of Glory of the 2nd degree in history were sappers of the 10th Army from the 1st Belorussian Front, these were privates A.G. Vlasov and S.I. Baranov. By the end of the Great Patriotic War, both of these fighters also received the Order of Glory, 1st degree, becoming full holders of the Order of Glory. The first award of the Order of Glory, 1st degree, was made in July 1944. Senior Sergeant K.K. Shevchenko became the first holder of the Order of Glory in the Soviet army. At that time, Shevchenko was an assistant commander of a reconnaissance platoon as part of a separate ski battalion. At the same time, sapper Corporal M.T. Pitenin became a full holder of the Order of Glory; the decree on his award was signed on July 22, 1944, but the soldier did not live to receive the award; he was killed in battle even before this decree was signed. Shevchenko was much more fortunate in this regard; he went through the war safely, having received, among other things, the Order of the Red Banner, the Red Star, and the Order of the Patriotic War. It was this fact: the presence of three Orders of Glory and three other Soviet military orders that made him a real phenomenon. In those years, not every colonel or even Soviet general had 6 military orders.

During the war, a rather interesting incident occurred when an entire unit - all its fighters, except the officers - was awarded the Order of Glory. We are talking about the 1st battalion of the 215th rifle regiment of the 77th guards division. In the battles to liberate Poland during the breakthrough of the German defense line on the Vistula on January 14, 1945, the soldiers of this battalion were able to capture 3 rows of enemy trenches and held the captured positions until the main attacking forces arrived. During this battle, Guard Sergeant I.E. Petrov repeated Matrosov’s feat, covering the embrasure of a German bunker with his chest. All privates, non-commissioned officers and foremen of this battalion became holders of the Order of Glory. The officers were also not left without awards, platoon commanders were presented with the Order of Alexander Nevsky, company commanders with the Order of the Red Banner, and the commander of the guard battalion, Major B. N. Emelyanov, became a Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

In total, about 1 million orders of the third degree, more than 46 thousand orders of the second degree, as well as 2,672 orders of Glory of the first degree were awarded for distinction during the Great Patriotic War. After the war, it was established that among the 2,672 full holders of the Order of Glory, there were 80 people who, due to mistakes, had 4 Orders of Glory instead of 3; one of the junior degrees was duplicated. Also among the full holders of the Order of Glory there was one person who was awarded 5 orders at once (he was nominated for the Order of Glory, II degree three times) - this is D.I. Kokhanovsky. At the same time, he was stripped of all his titles and awards due to his conviction.

Information sources:

Order of Glory III degree

Order of Glory
I degree

II degree

III degree

original name
Motto	(((Motto)))
A country	USSR
Type	order
Who is it awarded to?
Reasons for the award
Status	not awarded
Statistics
Options
Establishment date	November 8, 1943
First award	November 28, 1943
Last award
Number of awards	more than 1 million
Sequence
Senior Award	Order of the Badge of Honor
Junior Award
Compliant	Order of Labor Glory

Order of Glory- military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 8, 1943. Awarded to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, and in aviation to persons holding the rank of junior lieutenant. It was awarded only for personal merit; it was not awarded to military units and formations.

Order of Glory It has three degrees, of which the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree had a gilded central medallion). These insignia could be issued for personal feat on the battlefield, and were issued in strict order - from lowest to highest degree.

The first gentleman Order of Glory became Corporal M. T. Pitenin (November 28). Sapper, he received the order for clearing the approaches to enemy trenches and covering the retreat of the sappers (he destroyed 5 enemy soldiers in the process). Subsequently, he became a full holder of the order (first degree - posthumously).

In total, there are 2,656 full holders of the Order of Glory, according to later and more updated data, including four women.

For courage and heroism shown in the battle on the left bank of the Vistula River on January 14, 1945 - all privates, sergeants and foremen of the 1st battalion of the 215th Red Banner Regiment of the 77th Guards Chernigov Red Banner Rifle Division were awarded the Orders of Lenin and Suvorov Order of Glory .
This was the only unit in which all fighters received Order of Glory.

Those awarded the Order of Glory of all three degrees are awarded the right to confer a military rank:

privates, corporals and sergeants - petty officers;
having the rank of sergeant major - junior lieutenant;
junior lieutenants in aviation - lieutenants.

The Order of Glory is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the Badge of Honor in the order of seniority of degrees.

Description of the order

The badge of the Order of Glory is a five-pointed star measuring 46 mm between opposite vertices. The surface of the star's rays is slightly convex. On the front side in the middle part of the star there is a medallion circle with a diameter of 23.5 mm with a relief image of the Kremlin with the Spasskaya Tower in the center. Along the circumference of the medallion is a laurel wreath. At the bottom of the circle there is a raised inscription “GLORY” on a red enamel ribbon.

On the reverse side of the order there is a circle with a diameter of 19 mm with a relief inscription in the middle “USSR”.

There are convex edges along the edge of the star and circle on the front side.

The badge of the Order of the 1st degree is made of gold (950 standard). The gold content in the order of the 1st degree is 28.619±1.425 g. The total weight of the order is 30.414±1.5 g.

The badge of the Order of the 2nd degree is made of silver, and the circle with the image of the Kremlin with the Spasskaya Tower is gilded. The silver content in the order of the 2nd degree is 20.302±1.222 g. The total weight of the order is 22.024±1.5 g.

The badge of the order of the 3rd degree is silver, without gilding in the central circle. The silver content in the order of the III degree is 20.549±1.388 g. The total weight of the order is 22.260±1.6 g.

The sign is connected using an eyelet and a ring to a pentagonal block covered with a silk moiré ribbon 24 mm wide. The tape has five longitudinal alternating stripes of equal width: three black and two orange. Along the edges of the tape there is one narrow orange stripe 1 mm wide.

Full holder of the Order of Glory

Full Knight of the Order of Glory

In 1975, additional benefits were introduced for full holders of the Order of Glory, giving them equal rights with Heroes of the Soviet Union. In particular, the right to assign them personal pensions of union significance, large housing benefits, the right to free travel, etc. was presented. The current legislation of the Russian Federation confirms all these rights to holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees.

In the first post-war years, no special documents existed for full holders of the Order of Glory. The recipient was given only a general order book, and it listed all three degrees of the order and other awards (if any). However, in 1976, a special document appeared for full holders of the order - the order book of the recipient of the Order of Glory of three degrees. The first such books were issued in February 1976 by military commissariats at the place of residence of the recipients.

Gallery

Order on stamps of the USSR

USSR stamp from the issue “Orders and Medals of the USSR” (1945, artist A. Mandrusova, CFA No. 953).

The Order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of November 8, 1943. Subsequently, the Statute of the order was partially amended on February 26 and December 16, 1947, as well as on August 8, 1957.

From the statute of the order

The Order of Glory is awarded to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, and in aviation, to persons with the rank of junior lieutenant, who have demonstrated glorious feats of bravery, courage and fearlessness in battles for the Soviet Motherland.

The Order of Glory consists of three degrees: I, II and III degrees. The highest degree of the order is I degree. The award is made sequentially: first with the third, then with the second and finally with the first degree.

Those awarded the Order of Glory of all three degrees are awarded the right to confer a military rank:

privates, corporals and sergeants - foremen;
having the rank of sergeant major - junior lieutenant;
junior lieutenants in aviation - lieutenants.

The Order of Glory is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the Badge of Honor in the order of seniority of degrees.

Description of the order

The badge of the Order of Glory is a five-pointed star measuring 46 mm between opposite vertices. The surface of the star's rays is slightly convex. On the front side in the middle part of the star there is a medallion circle with a diameter of 23.5 mm with a relief image of the Kremlin with the Spasskaya Tower in the center. Around the circumference of the medallion is a laurel wreath. At the bottom of the circle there is a raised inscription “GLORY” on a red enamel ribbon. On the reverse side of the order there is a circle with a diameter of 19 mm with a relief inscription in the middle “USSR”.

There are convex edges along the edge of the star and circle on the front side.

The badge of the Order of the 1st degree is made of gold (950 standard). The total weight of the order is 30.414±1.5 g.

The badge of the Order of the 2nd degree is made of silver, and the circle with the image of the Kremlin with the Spasskaya Tower is gilded. The total weight of the order is 22.024±1.5 g.

History of the order

The Order of Glory was established on the same day as the Order of Victory. It became the last of the “land” orders created during the war: after it only the “sea” orders of Ushakov and Nakhimov appeared. The order had several features that no other domestic award had. Firstly, this is the only military distinction intended to award exclusively soldiers and sergeants (in aviation, also junior lieutenants). Secondly, they were awarded only in ascending order, starting with the youngest - III degree. This order was repeated only thirty years later in the statutes of the Orders of Labor Glory and “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR.” Thirdly, the Order of Glory until 1974 was the only order of the USSR that was issued only for personal merit and was never issued to military units, enterprises, or organizations. Fourthly, the statute of the order provided for the promotion of gentlemen of all three degrees in rank, which was an exception for the Soviet award system. Fifthly, the colors of the ribbon of the Order of Glory repeat the colors of the ribbon of the Russian Imperial Order of St. George, which was, at least, unexpected in Stalin's times. Sixth, the color and design of the ribbon were the same for all three degrees, which was typical only for the pre-revolutionary award system, but was never used in the USSR award system.

The order was established on the initiative of Stalin I.V. The first proposal to establish it was made on June 20, 1943, during a discussion of the draft Order of Victory at a meeting of the People's Commissariat of Defense. Nine artists worked on the sketches of the order. On October 2, 1943, out of 26 projects created by the artists, 4 were presented to Stalin, who chose a drawing by Nikolai Ivanovich Moskalev (author of the projects for the Order of Kutuzov, the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War” and all medals for the defense of cities of the USSR).

According to the plan, the order was supposed to have 4 degrees: the same number as the Order of St. George and the “insignia of the military order” - the famous St. George's Cross. Initially it was planned to call it the Order of Bagration. Stalin approved the colors of the ribbon, but ordered the number of degrees to be reduced to three, similar to the “commander’s orders,” and to call the award the Order of Glory, explaining that “there is no victory without glory.” On October 23, 1943, the revised drawings were approved.

The right to award the Order of Glory III degree was granted to commanders of formations from the brigade commander and above, the Order of Glory II degree - from the commander of the army (flotilla), and the I degree of the order could only be awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. From February 26, 1947, the right to award any degree of the order passed exclusively to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The first reliably established presentation to the Order of Glory took place on November 13, 1943, when an award sheet was signed on the presentation of the 3rd class sapper to the Order of Sapper Senior Sergeant V.S. Malyshev. During the battle, Vasily Malyshev made his way to the enemy machine gun, which was hindering the advance of our troops, and destroyed it. Later he earned another Order of Glory - II degree.

Some sources provide information that the first Order of Glory, III degree, was received by sapper Sergeant G.A. Israelyan. (Order No. 52 for the 182nd Infantry Division dated November 17, 1943). Most likely, Malyshev was the first to be presented with the order, but was awarded the order later, when Israelyan had already been awarded.

Since the orders were sent to different sections of the front in batches and distributed among the headquarters of the formations entitled to be awarded, the order issued earlier often had a higher number than the order issued later.

The first award of the Order of Glory of the highest, 1st degree, took place in July 1944. The first full holders of the Order of Glory were assistant platoon commander, senior sergeant Shevchenko K.K. (badge of the order No. 21) and sapper Corporal Pitenin M.T. (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 22, 1944). Pitenin died before the Decree was signed, without having time to receive the order. Shevchenko reached the end of the war, also having the Order of the Red Banner, the Patriotic War and the Red Star, which was a very rare occurrence for a sergeant. The addition of all three degrees of the Order of Glory to his three orders made him a phenomenon: not every colonel or even general had six orders.

Since in difficult front-line conditions there could be confusion in the documents for nomination for an award, there are known cases of repeated awards with the same degree of the order (usually the third).

There was a unit in the Soviet Army, all of whose fighters (except for officers) were awarded the Order of Glory. We are talking about the 1st battalion of the 215th Red Banner Regiment of the 77th Guards Chernigov Red Banner Order of Lenin and Suvorov Rifle Division of the 69th Army of the 1st Belorussian Front. During the liberation of Poland, during the breakthrough of the deeply echeloned German defense on the left bank of the Vistula on January 14, 1945, the soldiers of this battalion with a swift attack captured three lines of enemy trenches and held the position until the main forces arrived. Soldier of the guard battalion, senior sergeant Perov I.E. closed the embrasure of an enemy bunker with his chest, repeating the feat of Alexander Matrosov. All soldiers, sergeants and foremen of the battalion became holders of the Order of Glory. Platoon commanders were awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky, company commanders were awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The battalion commander is 23-year-old guard Major Emelyanov B.N. and Perov I.E. (posthumously) became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

Among more than two and a half thousand full holders of the Order of Glory, four bear the title of Hero of the Soviet Union:

guard artilleryman senior sergeant Aleshin A.V.;
attack pilot junior aviation lieutenant Drachenko I.G.;
Guard Marine Sergeant Major Dubinda P.Kh.;
artilleryman senior sergeant Kuznetsov N.I. (received the Order of the 1st degree only in 1980).

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is also held by 80 holders of the Order of Glory, II degree, and 647 holders of the Order of Glory, III degree.

Among the full holders of the Order of Glory there are four women:

sniper foreman Petrova N.P. (killed in battle on May 1, 1945, born in 1893!);
machine gunner of the 16th Lithuanian division, Sergeant Staniliene D.Yu.;
nurse foreman Nozdracheva M.S.;
air gunner-radio operator of the 99th separate Guards reconnaissance air regiment of the 15th air army of the guard, foreman Zhurkina N.A.

By 1945, about 1,500 awards were made with the Order of Glory, I degree, about 17,000 awards with the Order of Glory, II degree, and about 200,000 awards with the Order of Glory, III degree.

After the war, the Order of Glory was awarded to many privates and sergeants who distinguished themselves in suppressing the “counter-revolutionary rebellion” in Hungary in 1956. Thus, in the 7th Guards Airborne Division alone, 245 people were awarded the order of the third degree.

As of 1989, 2,620 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 1st degree, 46,473 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 2nd degree, and 997,815 people were awarded the Order of Glory of the 3rd degree.

III degree

A country USSR USSR Type order Status not awarded Statistics Options Diameter 46 mm Establishment date November 8, 1943 First award November 28, 1943 Number of awards more than 1 million Sequence Senior Award Order "For Personal Courage" Junior Award Order of Labor Glory, 1st class Order of Glory at Wikimedia Commons

For courage and heroism shown in the battle on the left bank of the Vistula River on January 14, 1945 during the Vistula-Oder operation, all privates, sergeants and foremen of the 1st battalion of the 215th Red Banner Regiment of the 77th Guards Chernigov Red Banner Order of Lenin and Suvorov Rifle divisions were awarded the Order of Glory, the company commanders of this battalion were awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the platoon commanders were awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky, and the battalion commander B. N. Emelyanov and the platoon commander Guryev, Mikhail Nikolaevich became Heroes of the Soviet Union. The unit thus became the only one in which all fighters received the Order of Glory in one battle. For the collective feat of the soldiers of the 1st Rifle Battalion, the Military Council of the 69th Army awarded him an honorary name "Battalion of Glory" .

orders

The Order of Glory is awarded to those who:

Having been the first to break into the enemy's disposition, he contributed to the success of the common cause with his personal courage;
While in the tank that caught fire, he continued to carry out his combat mission;
In a moment of danger, he saved the banner of his unit from being captured by the enemy;
With personal weapons, with accurate shooting, he destroyed from 10 to 50 enemy soldiers and officers;
In the battle, he disabled at least two enemy tanks with anti-tank gun fire;
Destroyed from one to three tanks on the battlefield or behind enemy lines with hand grenades;
Destroyed at least three enemy aircraft with artillery or machine gun fire;
Disdaining danger, he was the first to break into the enemy bunker (trench, trench or dugout), and with decisive actions destroyed his garrison;
As a result of personal reconnaissance, he identified weak points in the enemy’s defenses and brought our troops behind enemy lines;
Personally captured an enemy officer;
At night he removed the enemy's outpost (watch, secret) or captured it;
Personally, with resourcefulness and courage, he made his way to the enemy’s position and destroyed his machine gun or mortar;
While on a night sortie, he destroyed an enemy warehouse with military equipment;
Risking his life, he saved the commander in battle from the immediate danger that threatened him;
Neglecting personal danger, he captured the enemy’s banner in battle;
Having been wounded, after bandaging he returned to duty;
Shot down an enemy plane with his personal weapon;
Having destroyed enemy fire weapons with artillery or mortar fire, he ensured the successful actions of his unit;
Under enemy fire, he made a passage for the advancing unit through the enemy's wire barriers;
Risking his life, under enemy fire he provided assistance to the wounded during a number of battles;
While in a damaged tank, he continued to carry out a combat mission using the tank’s weapons;
He quickly crashed his tank into an enemy column, crushed it and continued to carry out his combat mission;
With his tank he crushed one or more enemy guns or destroyed at least two machine-gun nests;
While in reconnaissance, he obtained valuable information about the enemy;

A fighter pilot destroyed from two to four enemy fighter aircraft or from three to six bomber aircraft in air combat;
An attack pilot, as a result of an assault raid, destroyed from two to five enemy tanks or from three to six locomotives, or blew up a train at a railway station or stage, or destroyed at least two aircraft at an enemy airfield;
The attack pilot destroyed one or two enemy aircraft as a result of bold initiative actions in air combat;
The crew of a daytime bomber destroyed a railway train, blew up a bridge, an ammunition depot, a fuel depot, destroyed the headquarters of an enemy unit, destroyed a railway station or stage, blew up a power plant, blew up a dam, destroyed a military vessel, transport, boat, destroyed at least two enemy units at the airfield. airplanes;
The crew of a light night bomber blew up an ammunition and fuel depot, destroyed the enemy headquarters, blew up a railway train, and blew up a bridge;
The crew of a long-range night bomber destroyed a railway station, blew up an ammunition and fuel depot, destroyed a port facility, destroyed sea transport or a railway train, destroyed or burned an important plant or factory;
Daylight bomber crew for daring action in aerial combat resulting in the downing of one to two aircraft;
The reconnaissance crew for successfully completing reconnaissance, which resulted in valuable data about the enemy.

The Order of Glory is awarded by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Those awarded the Order of Glory of all three degrees are awarded the right to confer a military rank:

privates, corporals and sergeants - petty officers;
having the rank of sergeant major - junior lieutenant;
junior lieutenants in aviation - lieutenants.

The Order of Glory is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the Badge of Honor in the order of seniority of degrees.

Description of the order

On the reverse side of the order there is a circle with a diameter of 19 mm with a relief inscription in the middle “USSR”.

There are convex edges along the edge of the star and circle on the front side.

The badge of the Order of the 1st degree is made of gold (950 standard). The gold content in the order of the 1st degree is 28.619±1.425 g. The total weight of the order is 30.414±1.5 g.

The badge of the order of the 3rd degree is silver, without gilding in the central circle. The silver content in the order of the third degree is 20.549±1.388 g. The total weight of the order is 22.260±1.6 g.

History of the creation of the order

Initially, the soldier's order was supposed to be named after Bagration. A group of nine artists developed 26 sketches. A.V. Khrulev selected 4 of them and presented them to Stalin on October 2, 1943. It was envisaged that the order would have four degrees and be worn on a black and yellow ribbon - the colors of smoke and flame. N.I. Moskalev proposed the St. George ribbon. Stalin approved the ribbon and decided that the order would have three degrees, like the orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov. Having said that there is no victory without glory, he proposed calling the award the Order of Glory. A new sketch of the order was approved on October 23, 1943.

Full Knight of the Order of Glory

The first holders of the Order of Glory, II degree, in the Red Army were soldiers of the 665th separate engineer battalion of the 385th Infantry Division, Sergeant Major M. A. Bolshov, Red Army soldiers S. I. Baranov and A. G. Vlasov (order No. 634 for the troops of the 10th army dated December 10, 1943).

Already on December 28, 1943, M. A. Bolshov, S. I. Baranov and A. G. Vlasov were nominated for the Order of Glory, I degree, but they were awarded this order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 24, 1945, that is, practically fifteen months after presentation for the award.

Thus, M.A. Bolshov, S.I. Baranov and A.G. Vlasov are full holders of the Order of Glory, having earned all three degrees of the order already in 1943, just a month and a half after the establishment of this order, for military distinctions committed them for just over a month; by the time they were presented for the Order of Glory of the 1st degree, they did not even have time to be awarded the Order of Glory of the 2nd and 3rd degrees, which they had been awarded earlier.

Officially, the first full holders of the Order of Glory were Corporal M. T. Pitenin and Senior Sergeant K. K. Shevchenko (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 22, 1944), presented to the Order of Glory of the 1st degree much later than Bolshov, Baranov and Vlasov - in June 1944. Mitrofan Pitenin died before receiving the award; Konstantin Shevchenko fought until the last day of the war and, in addition to all degrees of the Order of Glory, was a holder of the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Red Star and (which was rare for soldiers and sergeants) the Red Banner.

The Badge of the Order of Glory, 1st degree, No. 1, was awarded to Guard Senior Sergeant N.A. Zalyotov (awarded by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 5, 1944). The presentation of an award with a lower number to a person awarded later was explained by the fact that orders were usually transferred to different sections of the front in batches and distributed among the headquarters of formations entitled to be awarded in a random order. In this regard, N. A. Zalyotov is often considered the first full holder of this order in the USSR, which is even reflected on the memorial plaque in Penza (see image).

The youngest full holder of the Order of Glory was the gun commander of the 185th Guards Artillery Regiment of the 82nd Guards Rifle Division