The fundamental source of the spiritual culture of China. Encyclopedia of spiritual culture of China. Late folk mythology
publication review:
Spiritual culture of China: encyclopedia: in 5 volumes./ Ch. ed. M. L. Titarenko. Institute of the Far East. - M.: Vost. literature, 2006. T. 1. Philosophy/ ed. M. L. Titarenko, A. I. Kobzev, A. E. Lukyanov. - 2006. - 727 p.
The history of Chinese philosophy from ancient times to the present day is devoted to the first volume of the Encyclopedia of Spiritual Culture of China (EDCC). EDCC is an unprecedented phenomenon not only in Russian, but also in the whole world Sinology. There has never been anything like it in the West, or in China itself. An epochal work was created by a team, but in it, which is typical for few works of this kind, the editors acted not only and not so much as the leaders-organizers, but also as the main performers. (This applies especially to A.I. Kobzev.)
The publication uniquely combines the highest theoretical achievements of modern science and a huge array of specific factual information against the backdrop of information rich illustrative material. We can say that this publication is an outstanding achievement of Russian science, since the complexity of the task has not yet allowed the international scientific community to create something similar, although attempts have been made, and with capabilities (financial and organizational) incomparable with Russian ones. In particular, it was not implemented in the late 80s. of the last century, a similar project was headed by such famous Sinologists as L. Lanciotti, G. Franke, B. Hook, M. Loewe, K. Gavlikovsky and Sheng Shi-yun.
The deeply thought-out architectonics of the work, consisting of three sections: general, vocabulary and reference, allowed it to become not only the most meaningful description of the theoretical and historical features of Chinese philosophy, but also the most detailed reference book in this area, covering all the main vocabulary functions from nominal and subject index to chronology, cartography and detailed bibliography in all major languages. In other words, the book combines the best qualities of a theoretical monograph, a textbook and a dictionary, and at the same time is an artistic publication, saturated with original design solutions using extensive hieroglyphic, iconographic, portrait and other pictorial material so necessary for Sinology, drawn from taken, in particular, from rare Chinese editions. Such a brilliant combination turned out to be possible because the work was built on three pillars: on the scientific developments of the largest Russian sinologists, accumulated by the leading Russian center for Far Eastern research - the Institute of the Far East of the Russian Academy of Sciences, on the library collections of the Russian State Library, the largest in the country, and on the richest half-century publishing tradition of the best Oriental publishing house in our country "Eastern Literature" of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Collective labor has been created for almost a decade and a half. It was attended by all leading domestic experts in collaboration with Chinese colleagues, which made it possible to present in the most detailed way not only the subject, but also - reflectively - the achievements of one of the oldest and most developed Sinological schools in the world - Russian Sinology. Real work is largely the result. And the first volume of the summary, on the one hand, testifies that Russian science retains and continues to build up a powerful spiritual potential despite all the objective difficulties that make this seemingly impossible. On the other hand, it sets the bar high for subsequent volumes. In terms of meaning and spirit, the publication is turned to the future, for it is destined to become one of the pillars of Sinological education and enlightenment in our country. I would like the publication to retain the level of “start-on” and not drag on for decades.
Under the general editorship: M. Titarenko
The publication "Spiritual culture of China: an encyclopedia in 5 volumes + additional volume. M.: Vost. Lit. RAS, 2006-2010" is a pioneer form of scientific publication, which does not quite fit into the usual encyclopedia format. Each volume consists of two parts: the "General Section", which is essentially a collective monograph that reflects the conceptual ideas of Russian scientists about the history, theoretical and philosophical foundations of a certain area of Chinese culture, its civilizational specifics, and the "Vocabulary Section", built in alphabetical order. order as a collection of glosses specifying the content of terms, names and characteristics of personalities mentioned in the text of the "General Section". In addition to the list of literature in Russian, Chinese and other languages for each article and gloss, the volumes of this publication in the appendix contain bibliographic sections - information about publications on relevant topics published in Russian over the past 20-30 or more years. The structure of the additional volume "Art" is intended to reflect both semantic and cultural-functional features of the perception of "arts" in Chinese culture. In particular, the authors single out a special category of "procedural arts" that combine utility with the tasks of spiritual education. Among the "procedural arts" the compilers and authors of this publication include the famous Chinese martial arts (wu-shu), to which the chapter of the "General Section" of the supplementary volume is devoted. The chapter chapters reveal the features of history, social and cultural functions, philosophical and theoretical foundations, the structure of the wu-shu phenomenon, its transformation in the modern world.
The sixth (additional) volume of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to art, which permeates Chinese culture from the highest theoretical spheres to everyday phenomena. The general section of the volume contains essays grouped by types and genres of art (architecture, painting, calligraphy, arts and crafts, cinema, theater, music, martial arts, etc.), as well as historical and bibliographic subsections on cultural and historical specifics Chinese art and its study in Russia. The Glossary section presents the concepts and categories of traditional and modern Chinese art, art movements, architectural monuments, personalities and works. The reference section includes pointers and other reference materials.
book chapters
In the picture of the world, rationalized through traditional Chinese cosmology, the integrity of the universe is emphasized, in which a person is not a part, but a certain facet, an integral aspect. And although thinkers of different directions talked a lot about going beyond the limits imposed by the connections of the material world, at the same time, a person was mainly asked to proceed from that inner perfection - “good nature”, “heavenly principle” - which is inherent in himself. God the Creator and the idea of synergy - the union of the Divine and human wills in a single providential action - this picture of the world does not contain. Equally out of place in it is the idea of the saving grace of God. Even having reached the conceivable peak of being, having reached the highest ontological status, a person continues to be a participant in the current cosmic process, even if “on a par with Heaven and Earth”, remains involved in it. This attitude is inevitably fixed in the Chinese in the practice of martial arts: kung fu, qigong, wushu, etc.
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The Spiritual Culture of China is the most detailed encyclopedic publication in the Russian language devoted to Chinese civilization (the total volume is 490 publishing sheets). Prepared by a team of authors from all the main centers of Oriental studies in Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Ulan-Ude, Vladivostok) under the auspices of the Institute of the Far East of the Russian Academy of Sciences and published by the Vostochnaya Literatura publishing house in five volumes in 2006-2009.
Volume 1: Philosophy.
Volume 2: Mythology. Religion.
Volume 3: Literature. Language and writing.
Volume 4: Historical thought. Political and legal culture.
Volume 5: Science, technical and military thought, public health and education.
Volume 6: Art.
Description of volumes:
Volume 1: Philosophy
The first volume of the encyclopedic edition "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to the history of Chinese philosophy from ancient times to the present day. It consists of three sections. The general section contains articles and essays that reflect the main themes and problems of Chinese philosophy. The Glossary section presents the terms of Chinese philosophy, monuments of philosophical thought, philosophical schools and trends, doctrines, ideological currents, movements, societies, personalities of Chinese philosophers. The reference section includes indexes, a thematic bibliography, maps of China from different eras, a chronological table, as well as a list of the authors of the volume listing their articles and a list of the main sources of illustrations.
Volume 2: Mythology. Religion.
Volume “Mythology. Religion" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is closely connected with the volume "Philosophy" (published in 2006). Both volumes are devoted to a single spiritual complex of philosophical and theological thought and religious and mythological consciousness, based on a common terminological, textual and ritual-liturgical base. Each volume consists of General, Vocabulary and Reference sections. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and historical essays reflecting the main topics of the affected area. The Glossary section presents the basic concepts, categories, mythologems, cults, rituals, spirits, deities, schools, currents, canonical works, personalities. Reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological table, indexes.
Volume 3: Literature. Language and writing.
The third volume "Literature. Language and Writing” of the encyclopedia “Spiritual Culture of China” is closely connected with the two previous volumes: “Philosophy” (published in 2006), “Mythology. Religion" (released in 2007). All of them are devoted to a single spiritual complex of Chinese culture and have a common terminological and textual basis. There are two thematic blocks in this volume - "Literature" and "Language and writing", each of which is divided into General and Vocabulary sections. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and essays reflecting the main topics and problems of the area covered. The Glossary section presents the main concepts, categories, literary trends and directions, canonical and artistic works, personalities. The reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological table, maps, linguistic tables and indexes.
Volume 4: Historical thought. Political and legal culture.
The fourth volume “Historical Thought. Political and Legal Culture" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is closely connected with the three previous volumes: "Philosophy" (2006), "Mythology. Religion” (2007), “Literature. Language and writing” (2008). All of them are devoted to a single spiritual complex of Chinese culture and have a common terminological and textual basis. The general section of this volume contains articles reflecting the themes and issues of the area covered in traditional and modern China. The Glossary section presents the main concepts, currents, schools of historical and political thought, works, including dynastic histories and codes, personalities. A significant number of articles are devoted to the work of Chinese historians, biographies of emperors, famous historical figures, party and state leaders. The reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological tables, maps and indexes.
Volume 5: Science, technical and military thought, public health and education.
The fifth volume "Science, technical and military thought, healthcare and education" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is the most novelty, since in Russia there has still been no description of Chinese science in general and most of its branches. It corresponds to the breadth of the traditional understanding of science as covering the humanities and natural spheres, practical and pseudo-scientific disciplines from a modern point of view (for example, astrology, alchemy, geomancy). Such an understanding of science combines it with philosophy and religion into a syncretic "teaching", which inextricably links this volume with the previous ones. Its architectonics is based on an original combination of Chinese and Western scientific models. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and historical essays. The Glossary section presents the main concepts and categories, schools and trends, works and personalities. The reference section includes detailed indexes with hieroglyphics.
Volume 6: Art.
The sixth (additional) volume of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to art, which permeates Chinese culture from the highest theoretical spheres to everyday phenomena. The general section of the volume contains essays grouped by types and genres of art (architecture, painting, calligraphy, arts and crafts, cinema, theater, music, martial arts, etc.), as well as historical and bibliographic subsections on cultural and historical specifics Chinese art and its study in Russia. The Glossary section presents the concepts and categories of traditional and modern Chinese art, art movements, architectural monuments, personalities and works. The reference section includes pointers and other reference materials. The volume is a kind of result of a unique scientific publishing project and is inextricably linked with volumes already published: 1. “Philosophy” (2006), 2. “Mythology. Religion” (2007), 3. “Literature. Language and writing” (2008), 4. “Historical thought. Political and legal culture” (2009), 5. “Science, technical and military thought, healthcare and education” (2009). In accordance with its specificity, the volume "Art" stands out among the others for its large volume and number of illustrations, especially in color.
Description: The encyclopedia covers the spiritual culture of China. It deals with such aspects as philosophy, mythology, literature, language, writing, historical thought, military thought, science, education and art.
Volume. 1. Philosophy. M., 2006. - 727 p., ill.
The first volume of the encyclopedic edition "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to the history of Chinese philosophy from ancient times to the present day. It consists of three sections. The general section contains articles and essays that reflect the main themes and problems of Chinese philosophy. The Glossary section presents the terms of Chinese philosophy, monuments of philosophical thought, philosophical schools and trends, doctrines, ideological currents, movements, societies, personalities of Chinese philosophers. The reference section includes indexes, a thematic bibliography, maps of China from different eras, a chronological table, as well as a list of the authors of the volume listing their articles and a list of the main sources of illustrations.
Volume. 2. Mythology. Religion. M., 2007. - 869 p., ill.
Volume “Mythology. Religion" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is closely connected with the volume "Philosophy" (published in 2006). Both volumes are devoted to a single spiritual complex of philosophical and theological thought and religious and mythological consciousness, based on a common terminological, textual and ritual-liturgical base. Each volume consists of General, Vocabulary and Reference sections. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and historical essays reflecting the main topics of the affected area. The Glossary section presents the basic concepts, categories, mythologems, cults, rituals, spirits, deities, schools, currents, canonical works, personalities. Reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological table, indexes.
Volume 3. Literature. Language and writing. M., 2008 - 855 p., ill.
The third volume "Literature. Language and Writing” of the encyclopedia “Spiritual Culture of China” is closely connected with the two previous volumes: “Philosophy” (published in 2006), “Mythology. Religion" (released in 2007). All of them are devoted to a single spiritual complex of Chinese culture and have a common terminological and textual basis. This volume contains two thematic blocks - "Literature" and "Language and writing", each of which is divided into General and Vocabulary sections. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and essays reflecting the main topics and problems of the area covered. The Glossary section presents the main concepts, categories, literary trends and directions, canonical and artistic works, personalities. The reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological table, maps, linguistic tables and indexes.
Volume 4. Historical thought. Political and legal culture. M., 2009 - 935 p., ill.
The fourth volume “Historical Thought. Political and Legal Culture" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is closely connected with the three previous volumes: "Philosophy" (2006), "Mythology. Religion” (2007), “Literature. Language and writing” (2008). All of them are devoted to a single spiritual complex of Chinese culture and have a common terminological and textual basis. The general section of this volume contains articles reflecting the themes and issues of the area covered in traditional and modern China. The Glossary section presents the main concepts, currents, schools of historical and political thought, works, including dynastic histories and codes, personalities. A significant number of articles are devoted to the work of Chinese historians, biographies of emperors, famous historical figures, party and state leaders. The reference section includes selected bibliography, chronological tables, maps and indexes.
Volume 5. Science, technical and military thought, health care and education. M., 2009 - 1087 p., ill.
The fifth volume "Science, technical and military thought, healthcare and education" of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is the most novelty, since in Russia there has still been no description of Chinese science in general and most of its branches. It corresponds to the breadth of the traditional understanding of science as covering the humanities and natural spheres, practical and pseudo-scientific disciplines from a modern point of view (for example, astrology, alchemy, geomancy). Such an understanding of science combines it with philosophy and religion into a syncretic "teaching", which inextricably links this volume with the previous ones. Its architectonics is based on an original combination of Chinese and Western scientific models. The general section contains detailed theoretical articles and historical essays. The Glossary section presents the main concepts and categories, schools and trends, works and personalities. The reference section includes detailed indexes with hieroglyphics.
Volume 6 (Supplementary). Art. M., 2010 - 1031 p., ill.
The sixth (additional) volume of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to art, which permeates Chinese culture from the highest theoretical spheres to everyday phenomena. The general section of the volume contains essays grouped by types and genres of art (architecture, painting, calligraphy, arts and crafts, cinema, theater, music, martial arts, etc.), as well as historical and bibliographic subsections on cultural and historical specifics Chinese art and its study in Russia. The Glossary section presents the concepts and categories of traditional and modern Chinese art, art movements, architectural monuments, personalities and works. The reference section includes pointers and other reference materials. In accordance with its specificity, the volume "Art" stands out among the others for its large volume and number of illustrations, especially in color.
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It consists of three sections.
The general section contains articles and essays that reflect the main themes and problems of Chinese philosophy. The Glossary section presents the terms of Chinese philosophy, monuments of philosophical thought, philosophical schools and trends, doctrines, ideological currents, movements, societies, personalities of Chinese philosophers.
The reference section includes indexes, a thematic bibliography, maps of China from different eras, a chronological table, as well as a list of the authors of the volume listing their articles and a list of the main sources of illustrations.
The sixth (additional) volume of the encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" is devoted to art, which permeates Chinese culture from the highest theoretical spheres to everyday phenomena.
The general section of the volume contains essays grouped by types and genres of art (architecture, painting, calligraphy, arts and crafts, cinema, theater, music, martial arts, etc.), as well as historical, biblio-graphical subsections on cultural and historical specifics of Chinese art and its study in Russia.
The Glossary section presents the concepts and categories of traditional and modern Chinese art, art movements, architectural monuments, personalities and works.
The reference section includes pointers and other reference materials.
The volume is a kind of result of a unique scientific and publishing project and is inextricably linked with the already published volumes:
1. "Philosophy" (2006),
2. "Mythology. Religion" (2007),
3. "Literature. Language and writing" (2008),
4. "Historical thought. Political and legal culture" (2009),
5. "Science, technical and military thought, health care and education" (2009).
In accordance with its specificity, the volume "Art" stands out among the others for its large volume and number of illustrations, especially in color.
Content
Volume 1:
To the reader
Spiritual culture of China
The concept of Chinese spiritual culture
Evolution and periodization of spiritual culture
New Eurasianism and the symphony of cultures
Encyclopedia "Spiritual Culture of China" as summa sinologiae
General section
Philosophy and Spiritual Culture of China
Genetic and general historical features
Methodological specifics
Main schools
The pivotal role of Confucianism
Self-determination of Chinese philosophy
Categories and basic concepts of Chinese philosophy and culture
Logic and Dialectics in China
Ancient Chinese Protology and China's Introduction to Logic
The specifics of Chinese dialectics and the conceptual foundations of protology
Generalizing generalization
Methodological aspect of value-normative epistemology
General ideological consequences of the absence of the link "to be" ("is") and the concept of "being"
Chinese ethical thought
Chinese philosophy as superethics
Origins and development of Chinese ethics
Chinese aesthetic thought
Volume 2:
Introduction
General section
CHINESE MYTHOLOGY
general review
Study of ancient Chinese mythology
New Recordings of Mythological Traditions
Common themes in the mythology of the Chinese and neighboring peoples
FOLK BELIEFS AND STATE CULTS
Beliefs and Cults of the Neolithic Age
Concepts of sovereignty and ruler
folk beliefs
Ideas about the soul and the afterlife
Folk pantheon
Devilry
Sociocultural typology of cults
divination
MANTICA AND ASTROLOGY
Ancient mantica in a new historiographical perspective
The tradition of divination and the "Canon of Change"
Omen Tradition
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RELIGIOUS SITUATION
Archaic religious ideas
Religious life in ancient China (late 2nd millennium BC - turn of the Common Era)
The Rooting of Buddhism and the Formation of Neo-Daoism
Religious syncretism in the Song era (X-XIII centuries)
Religious policy under the Mongol Yuan dynasty (XIII-XIV centuries)
Religious situation in the Ming-Qing era (XIV-XIX centuries)
Religious innovations of the XX century.
Confucianism
Confucianism and state cults
Cult of Confucius
Taoism
Features of the cult practice of Taoism
Priesthood
Pantheon
Temples and ritual liturgical practice
History of Taoism
Origin problem
Taoism of the pre-empire and early empire (Zhan-guo, Qin, Early Han)
"Heavenly Guides" and the Taoist Church (II-III centuries)
Taoism in the Time of Troubles of the "Disintegration of the Celestial Empire" (4th-6th centuries)
Taoism of the Tang and Song eras: synthesis and transformation
Taoist "reformation" and its consequences
Late Taoism (XIV-XIX centuries). Taoism and modern China
On the periodization of the history of Taoism
BUDDHISM
Chinese Buddhism
Main schools, trends and sutras of Chinese Buddhism
Buddhist worldview and traditional Chinese culture
The penetration and spread of Buddhism. Translation activities
Schools of Chinese Buddhism
Main types of Mahayana sutras
The Prajnaparamita Sutras and the Specificity of Chinese Buddhism
Buddhist Association of China and the Sangha in the late 20th - early 21st century.
Northern, or Tibetan, Buddhism (Lamaism)
SYNCRETIC SECTS
FOREIGN RELIGIONS IN CHINA
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Zoroastrianism
Manichaeism
Russian Spiritual Mission in China
vocabulary section
Reference section
List of abbreviations
Selected bibliography
Books and articles on mythology and religion in Russian
Books and articles on mythology in European languages
Books on mythology in oriental languages
Chronological table
Cards
Explanations for illustrations
Main sources of illustrations
Index of names and terms
List of volume authors
Volume 3:
Introduction
LITERATURE
General section
Chinese literature
Ancient mythology in literature
POETRY
Wen and the beginning of the formation of Chinese poetry
Poetic creativity of the preclassical period (the era of the Han and the Six Dynasties)
classical poetry
Origins of lyric poetry
Genre shi in poetry of the 3rd-6th centuries.
"Golden Age" of Chinese poetry: the Tang era (7th - early 10th century)
Genre tsy: Song era (X-XII centuries)
Sanqu genre: Yuan-Ming period (XIII-XV centuries)
Completion of the classical era: the Ming-Qing period (XVI-XVIII centuries)
New trends in poetry: the end of the Qing era (XIX - early XX century)
CLASSICAL PROSE AND DRAMA
"Fine Literature" (wen)
Narrative prose in the literary language wenyan
Narrative prose in the Baihua language
Song-narrative art
song tale
poetic tale
prose tale
Classical dramaturgy
THEORY AND GENRES OF LITERATURE
Traditional literary theory
Literary genres
Versification
LITERATURE OF THE NEW CHINA
New Literature (1917-1949)
First decade of new literature
Years of social upheaval (1927-1936)
Literature of the war years (1937-1949)
Modern literature
CHINESE LITERATURE IN RUSSIA
Classicism
Study of new and modern literature
LITERATURE
vocabulary section
Part II
LANGUAGE AND WRITING
General section
Chinese
General information
Genetic and typological characteristics
Story
Borrowings
Dialects
Chinese in Russia
Hieroglyphic writing
Origin and development
Classification of signs
Number, principles of arrangement and search for hieroglyphs in dictionaries
Educational hieroglyphic lists
Hieroglyphic writing in East and Southeast Asia
Chinese-speaking area of Asia: reforms and legislation in the XX-XXI centuries.
Regional forms of the official language
Modern variants of hieroglyphic writing
Official and unofficial Chinese alphabets
Information technology and Chinese characters
Sign, text and sounding word in ancient China
LANGUAGE AND WRITING
vocabulary section
Reference section
List of abbreviations
Bibliography I
Books and articles on literature, language and writing, translations (selected literature in Russian)
Bibliography II.
Sources and literature for articles by M.E. Kravtsova
Tables for part II "Language and writing"
Chronological table
Cards
Name index
Index of terms, concepts, literary schools and trends, organizations and institutions
Index of works, collected works, poetry cycles and periodicals
List of volume authors
Volume 4:
Introduction
Foreword
General section
HISTORICAL THOUGHT
Doctrine of the Chinese Nation
History and historical consciousness
historical time
Ideas about the dynasty in antiquity
Traditional historiography (main genres, types and schools)
Dynastic stories
Chunqiu school
East Zhejiang School
Historical science of the periods of reign of Qian-long and Jia-qing
Historical thought in the XX - early XXI century.
Historiography of the first half of the XX century.
Historiography of the People's Republic of China in the second half of the 20th century.
POLITICAL CULTURE OF TRADITIONAL CHINA
Historical fate of Legalism and Confucianism
The Genesis of the "Politics-History" Institute
ShanYang - the founder of legalism
Confucius and his contribution to political culture
Imperial de as a symbol of supreme power
State machine
Official's report to the Emperor
Guarantee and recommendations
State examination system
The structure of the examination system
Examination system and Confucianism
The historical role of the examination system
Foreign Policy Doctrine
Doctrine of state power and political practice
Two Traditions in Diplomacy
POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE MODERN TIME
China on the Threshold of Modernity: A Synthesis of Ideas and Traditions
Spread of Western social sciences
Confucianism and legalism in the political culture of China
Multi-party cooperation system
Examination system for attestation of officials in the Republic of China, Taiwan and the People's Republic of China
National People's Congress of China
People's Political Consultative Council of China
People's Liberation Army of China
KMT: HISTORY AND PRESENT
The National Party of China (Zhongguo Kuomintang) in 1912-1929
Kuomintang during the period of "political tutelage" (1929-1949)
The Kuomintang in the transition from authoritarianism to a multi-party system in Taiwan (1949-2000)
Kuomintang at the beginning of the XXI century.
COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA
CPC in 1921-1949
Mao Tse-tung's theory of "new democracy"
Political and ideological campaigns of 1949-1976
Campaign to re-educate the intelligentsia
Criticism of the film "The Life of Wu Xun"
Fight against the "five evils"
"Style streamlining" movement
Criticism of the novel "Dream in the Red Chamber"
Criticism of Hu Feng
Let All Flowers Bloom Campaign
"Style streamlining" movement and fight against "right elements"
Criticism of the novel "Liu Zhi-dan" in 1962
"Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution"
Deng Hsiao-ping's Theory: The Path to Reform and Openness
CCP in the period of reform and opening up (1978-2007)
From the 3rd Plenum of the 11th CPC Central Committee to the 13th Congress of the CPC
The course towards strengthening the role of the CPC in the political system of the PRC (from the XIV to the XVI Congress of the CPC)
The 16th and 17th CPC Congresses and the Problem of Adapting the Political System
to the challenges of the time
TRADITIONAL LAW
Legal culture of ancient China
Basic provisions of customary law
Execution of sentences
Criminal law
Marriage and family law
Own
Administrative law
Regulation of military service
Codification of traditional law
Traditional law as a factor in the formation of the legal consciousness of modern Chinese society
CHINESE LAW IN THE 20TH CENTURY
History of Civil Service Legislation of the Republic of China
Law of the Republic of China (1912-1949)
Legal acts of the liberated areas
The initial stage of the formation of the law of the People's Republic of China
Lawmaking in the second half of the 50s - 70s
Restoration and development of the legal system of the PRC (late 70s - 90s)
vocabulary section
Anarchism in China
Anfuxi
Ba and
Bai Show-i
Ban Gu
bian nian
Wang An-shih
Wang Guo-wei
Wang Ming
Wang Ming-sheng
Wei ZhengYi
Wei Yuan
Wen Xiang
"wen xian tong cao"
"Wen-chang za lu"
Go Mo-jo
Guandang
Gu Wei-jun
Gui Liang
"Guihai yu heng zhi"
gu ze-gang
"Gujin carcass jicheng"
"Dai Ming Lu"
Dai Hong-tzu
Dai Chi Tao
"Dai Qing Liu"
"Dai Qing Hui Dian"
"Dai Qing Hui Dian Shili"
"Di fan"
Dong Xun
Du Zheng-sheng
Doo Yu
Deng Xiao-ping
Dan Zhi-cheng
Danzhong-xia
Eunuch
yin
and xin
and zhu
Kan-si
Kang Yu-wei
Confucius
"Cultural Revolution"
Legalism
Lee Da
Li Da-chao
Li Ke-chiang
Li Li-san
"Ling Wai Dai Da"
Lin Biao
Lin Tse-hsu
Lifanyuan
Lee Hong-chang
Lee Zi-cheng
deprive goushi
Li Shu
Lo Er-gan
Lei Haizong
Lei shu
Liu Da-nian
Lü Si-mian
Lü Zhenyu
Liu Zang
Liu Zhiji
Liu Shao-chi
Liu Shi-fu
Liang Qi-chao
Lianzoi
Liao Zhong-kai
Ma Duan-lin
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong xixiang
"Mao Zhushi Yulu"
"Minshi"
Ming Ning
Mulu
mian guan
Miansuo ju guan
Nurhatsi
Nianhao
Ouyang Xiu
pinghua
"pingzhou ke tan"
Pudev
Pu Yi
Peng Te-huai
Sange Daibiao
"San shi liu chi"
"Xin Tang Shu"
Xi Jinping
"Sui Shu"
Song Ching-ling
"Song shi"
"Song shu"
Sun Yat-sen
Si Ren Bang
"Si ku quan shu"
Sima Guang
Sima Qian
"Si Shu"
"Xuanhe Feng Shi Gaoli Tu Ching"
"Xu Bo Wu Zhi"
Xu Qian-xue
Xu Zhong-shu
Xun Tzu
Xiang Da Yiz
xiang rong yin
Xiang Zhong-fa
xiao kang
XiaZeng-yu
"Tang lu shu yi"
Tang Taizong
Tang Chang-zhu
Tan Si-tung
Tan Qian
"Tang Yu Lin"
"Ting shi"
Trotskyism in China
Tongwenyuan
"Tong dian"
tongjian xue
"Tong zhi"
wu xing
Wu Han
woo-hoo
Fang lue
fan chih
Fan Wen-lan
fan zuo
Fan Chung-yan
Fa-shu-shi
Feminism in China
Fu xing
Fu Si-nian
fengtianxi
Han Wu-di
"Han shu"
Hou wai-lu
"Hou Han shu"
HuaTo-feng
HuangXing
Huangtaiji
Huang Chao
Khubilai
Hui yao
Hongweibing
Hu Ching-tao
Hu Shii
Hu Sheng
Hu Yao-bang
Hehe-xue
He Ziquan
Zai Tian
Ji shi ben mo
Zou Rong
Zongliimen
"Zi zhi tong jian"
"Zi zhi tong jian gan mu"
Junjichu
"Ju Tang Shu"
Chiang Liang-chi
Chiang Ting-fu
Chiang Ching-guo
Chiang Ze-ming
Chien Bo-ts'an
Qi Ying
"Qingbo za zhi"
"Qing shi gao"
Qin Shi Huang
qi ju zhu
Cui Shu
Cong shu
Ci Xi
"Ce fu yuan gui"
Qu Qiu-bo
Qian Da-xin
Qian-long
Qian My
Chiang Kai-shek
Zhang Ping-lin
Zhang Wen-tian
Zhang Guo-tao
Zhang Dong-sun
Zhang Xue-cheng
Zhang Tingyu
Zhang Jun-mai
Zhang Chih-tung
Zhao Yi
Zhao Zi-yang
Zhixi
Chou Yi-liang
Chou En-lai
Zhuan
Zhu De
zhongxingf
Zhonghua fuxing she
Zhu Xi
"Zhu Fan Zhi"
"Zhu shu ji nian"
Zhu Yuanzhang
Zheng Hei
Zheng Qiao
Zheng shu
"Zhen Guan Zheng Yao"
Genghis Khan
Chumin
chumian
"Chen Gui"
Chen Du-hsiu
Chen Yi
Chen Ying-ke
Chen Li-fu
Chen Yuan
Chen Yun
Shang Yue
Shipu
Shipin
"Shi tong"
"Shi chi"
Shi e
"Shu Ching"
sheng xun
Shenshi
Yuan Tong-li
yuan zuo
"Yuan shi"
Yuan Shi-kai
"Yun-le da dian"
Yang Shang-kun
Reference section
List of abbreviations
Bibliography: Books on the historical, political and legal thought of China (selected literature in Russian)
twenty-four dynastic histories
Tables for converting Chinese measures and weights to metric
Chronological tables of the reign of emperors
Top leaders of the PRC and the CCP since 1949
Democratic parties in China
Political parties in Taiwan
Key dates, facts, events
Cards
Name index
Index of works, collected works, book series and periodicals
Index of terms and titles
Volume 5:
Introduction
General section
The specifics of traditional Chinese science
METHODOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Numerology
Classificationism and numerology
Explicit and implicit forms of numerology
The ratio of numerological symbols and numbers
Fundamental numerological numbers
Mathematics
Milestones of development
Number system and computing devices
Write numbers
counting sticks
Zero sign
Graduated counting sticks
Computing
Four arithmetic operations
Using simple fractions
Decimals
"Rule of three"
Calculating powers and roots
General specifics
System of linear equations
Negative numbers
Ying bu zu rule
Indefinite Equations
Comparison systems of the first degree
"Finite Difference Method"
Quadratic equations
Equations of cubic and higher powers
tian yuan notation
Pascal's triangle
Geometry
Mohist definitions
Calculation of areas and volumes
Pythagorean theorem
Chun cha method
Calculating the value of the number "pi"
Elementary number theory and combinatorial analysis
Even and odd numbers
magic squares
Number series and progressions
Combinatorics
Features and global significance
SKY SCIENCES
Astrology
Theoretical basis
Historical development
Astronomy 1
Stages of development and features
Astronomical models of the world
Cyclic signs
Chronology
Daily time measurement
Sundial
water clock
Clockwork with sand engine
Astronomical coordinate system
Astronomical instruments and devices
Circumpolar constellations pattern
armillary sphere
sky globe
Su Song Combined Instrument
"Simplified Instrument" by Guo Shou-ching
Astronomical observations
Solar and lunar eclipses
Precession
Irregularity in the apparent motion of the Sun
Research on the motion of the moon
Relationship between tides and phases of the moon
sunspots
Meteors and meteorites
New and supernova
star catalogs
Starry sky maps
Earth meridian length
Meteorology
The place of meteorology in the traditional worldview
Meteorological theories and observations
Meteorological instruments
Calendar
The meaning of the calendar in culture
lunisolar calendars
solar calendar
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Mechanics
Physical picture of the world
The place of mechanics in traditional science
"Tilting Vessels"
Mohist theory of the lever
Studying the movement of coins
Material strength
Buoyancy
The action of atmospheric pressure
Surface tension
"Wonderful Basin"
Main development trends
The doctrine of color
Teaching about the shadow
artificial light sources
Optical devices
flat mirrors
Concave and convex mirrors
Pinhole camera
"Magic Mirror"
"Magic Lantern"
Magnetism
Traditional knowledge of magnetism
The evolution of the compass
Artificial magnetization
Magnetic declination
Compass in navigation
Acoustic-musical theory
Acoustics in traditional culture
Ideas about the properties of sound
Vibrational-wave concept of sound
Study of acoustic phenomena
architectural acoustics
Psychophysiology of sound
Music theory
System 12 lu
Pentatonic
equal temperament
Music and the system of measures and weights
Observing Seasonal Qi Changes
Musical instruments
Varieties of musical instruments
drums
lip organ
bells
zither qin
EARTH SCIENCES
Geography
The image of the ecumene
Geographic literature
Cartography
Relief cards
Geodetic methods
Trips
Geology and related sciences
historical geology
Descriptive geology
Paleontology
Mineralogy Sources
The use of some minerals
The concept of the transformation of minerals
Mineral exploration
Crystallography
Seismology
Geomancy (feng shui)
Scope of application
feng shui history
Geomancer compass
feng rui instructions
The influence of feng shui on culture
ENGINEERING THOUGHT
Main development trends
Mechanical devices
gimbal suspension
chain hoist
Belt and chain drives
spinning reel
mills
Hoes and plows
Multi-row seeder
Loom
Printing
Ground transport
Chariots
Land sailing
"South Pointing Chariot"
Distance meter
horse harness
stirrups
Water transport
Navigation
Ship management
paddle wheels
Twin barges
Aeronautics
Kites
Manned kite flight
Propellers with vertical and horizontal axes
Miniature hot air balloons
Steel arms
Berdysh and halberds
throwing machines
Crossbows
Construction
Hydraulic facilities
Flood control
Irrigation systems
Transport channels
Shipping locks
seawalls
Metrology
Measures of weight
Measures of length
Capacitance measures
Measures of area
SCIENCES ABOUT THE TRANSFORMATION OF SUBSTANCES
ALCHEMY
h
Volume 6:
Introduction
Preface to that
CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL SPECIFICITY OF ART
Content and forms, archaic and innovations
Understanding and notation
Formation and development
artistic tradition
Basic principles
Ancient period
Ancient kingdoms and empires
"Time of Troubles"
Sui and Tang eras
Era of the Five Dynasties and the Song
Yuan era
Ming era
Qing era
last century
Reflection in World Sinology
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE
Structural system and building types
Palace and residential ensembles
Religious buildings
Burials
Urban planning
The development of architecture in modern times and at the present stage
landscape architecture
Elements of a traditional garden
Gardens and parks
Northern School of Garden Art
Southern School of Garden Art
ART AND AESTHETIC THOUGHT
art
traditional painting
Wall art
Lacquer painting
Zhangwen-tao
Zhang Rui-tu
Zhang Yi-mou
Zhang Long-yan
Zhang Xuan
Zhang Xu
Zhang Ze-duan
Zhang Zhi
Zhang Shi-chuan
Zhan Zi-chian
Zhao Bo-ju
Zhao Meng-fu
Zhao Ji Shp
Zhao Chih-ch'ien
Zhao Yuan Ren
Chou Wen-ju
Zhou Hsin-fang
Zhou Fang
"Zhu Lin Qi Xian Ji Rong Qi Qi Zhu An"
Zhong Dian-fei
Zhongshan-guo dy ishu
Zhu Jian-er
Zhu Yun-ming
Zheng Xie
Zhengzhi bopu
Zheng Zheng-qiu
I'm looking for
Chun hua
Chu Sui-liang
Chen Kai-ge
Chen Chun
Cheng Yan-chiu
Sha Ye-sin
Sha Men-hai
shi gu wen
Chinoiserie
Shisanling
Shen Ying-mo
Shen Quan
Shen Zhou
shejitan
Yuanmingyuan
Yuan Mu-chih
yuan si jia
Yu Sansheng
Yufei-an
Yu jian
Yu Shi-nan
Yu Yu-ren
Yun-tai mu
yong zi ba fa
Yun Shou-ping
Yueju(1)
Yang Wei-zhen
Yang Ning-shi
Yang Han-sheng
yangzhou ba guai
Yan Li-ben
Yan Chen-qing
List of abbreviations
Selected bibliography
Name index
Terms Index
Index of works of literature and art, periodicals and series
Index of personal seals
Alphabetical index of dictionary entries included in volumes 1-6 of the encyclopedia
"Spiritual culture of China"
Chronological table