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Spider web mushroom, photo, description of the mushroom. Unusual inhabitants of the forest: edible and poisonous cobwebs What does the cobweb mushroom look like

Written by Nikolay Budnik and Elena Mekk.

The triumphal cobweb is the most delicious of all cobwebs. It is named so (in our opinion) because of its golden-yellow color - like the golden wreath of the triumphant generals of Ancient Rome.

We couldn’t find this mushroom for a long time and now we understand why. On Uloma Zheleznaya there are mainly peat, sandy, sandy loam soils. There are also clay ones, but we rarely walk in the forests where they grow. And the triumphant spider loves calcareous clay soils. There it is found in abundance in some places.

Triumphant cobwebs can be fried, pickled, and dried. In the marinade, these mushrooms remain light, firm, and beautiful.

1. The triumphant cobweb is considered the best of the cobwebs.

2. They say that it looks like a golden bun.

3. Indeed, its golden color cannot be confused with anything.

4. Sometimes mushrooms grow in huge quantities.

5. We know one very prolific mycelium.

6. We once found 103 mushrooms around one Christmas tree.

7. We found the first triumphal spider webs in early August,...

8. ...and the last ones in mid-October.

9. This mushroom with a wavy cap has already grown in October.

10. Triumphal cobweb is also known as yellow marsh grass.

11. Indeed, it grows in damp places.

12. Often this is a mixed forest, dominated by fir trees.

13. These spruces are usually old.

14. But in any case, mushrooms love clay soil...

15. ...presence of birches.

16. Here is a typical forest for the growth of these mushrooms.

18. Triumphant cobweb is a large mushroom.

19. This is the average size of the hat.

20. And the mushroom has considerable height.

21. The whole thing gives the impression of a weighty and strong mushroom.

22. The cap of the web spider is a triumphant golden yellow color.

23. Its middle is usually always darker.

24. The hat is smooth,...

25. ...sticky in wet weather.

26. Remnants of the bedspread are sometimes visible at its edges.

27. This is how the cap fits to the stem.

28. The mushroom plates look very neat.

29. At first they are covered with a cobwebby blanket.

30. The color of the plates of young mushrooms is almost white.

31. With age, the veil disappears...

32. ...the plates acquire a clayey tint.

33. This is how they are attached to the leg.

34. Let's take a closer look at this.

35. The stem of the mushroom is slightly lighter than the cap.

36. It often thickens towards the lower part.

37. There are, of course, such skinny-legged specimens.

38. The leg narrows towards the very base.

39. This mushroom has an unusual and thick leg.

40. Shaggy torn red bands are visible on the leg.

41. Usually there are three of them.

42. The inside of the leg is solid.

43. Its middle often seems to be softer than the edges.

44. The flesh of the mushroom is thick and strong.

45. But often the leg is wormy.

46. ​​Here you can clearly see the “shaggy things” on the stem of the mushroom.

47. And the hats are most often clean and strong.

48. These mushrooms have already survived the frost.

49. The triumphal cobweb is good both in appearance and in taste.

Triumphal cobweb, or yellow ( lat. Cortinarius triumphans) is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Cortinarius of the family Cortinariaceae.

Synonyms:

  • Cortinarius triumphans
  • Yellow marshweed
  • Triumphant marsh grass
  • Triumphal cobweb

Yellow gossamer cap:

Diameter 7-12 cm, hemispherical in youth, with age it becomes cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate; noticeable shreds of cobwebby covering often remain along the edges. Color - orange-yellow, usually darker in the central part; The surface is sticky, although in very dry weather it may dry out. The flesh of the cap is thick, soft, white-yellowish in color, with an almost pleasant smell, not characteristic of spider webs.

Records:

Weakly adherent, narrow, frequent, light cream in youth, changing color with age, acquiring a smoky and then bluish-brown color. In young specimens they are completely covered with a light cobwebby cover.

Spore powder:

Rust brown.

Leg:

The leg of the yellow spider web is 8-15 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, in youth it is very thick in the lower part, and with age it acquires a regular cylindrical shape. In young specimens, bracelet-like remains of the cortina are clearly visible.

Spreading:

Yellow cobweb grows from mid-August to the end of September in deciduous foxes, forming mycorrhizae mainly with birch. Prefers dry places; can be considered a companion of the black milk mushroom (Lactarius necator). The place and time of the most intense fruiting of these two species often coincides.

Similar species:

The yellow web spider is one of the easiest spider webs to identify. However, there are indeed a lot of similar species. Yellow cobweb is classified only according to a set of characteristics - starting from the shape of the fruiting body and ending with the time and place of growth.

Edibility:

In foreign sources it falls under the category of inedible mushrooms; domestic authors have a different opinion. SOUTH. Semenov in his book calls the yellow spider web the most delicious spider web.

Edible cobweb or plump one ( lat. Cortinarius esculentus) is an edible mushroom of the Cortinariaceae family.

The cap is fleshy, dense, with a thin edge turned inward. Later it becomes flat-convex, even depressed. The surface of the cap is smooth, moist, watery, whitish-grayish in color, 5-8 cm in diameter. The plates are wide, frequent, adherent to the stem, clay-colored. The leg is smooth, dense, whitish-brown, in the middle with remnants of a cobweb pattern, later disappearing, 2-3 cm long and 1.5-2 cm thick.

The pulp is thick, dense, white, the taste is pleasant, the smell is mushroom or mild.

Spore powder is yellow-brown, spores are 9-12×6-8 microns in size, ellipsoidal, warty, yellow-brown.

Season September - October.

Area. Distributed in the European part of Russia, in the forests of Belarus. Settles in coniferous forests.

It has a sweet taste and a pleasant mushroom smell.

[Edible cobweb]

Similarity. The edible cobweb can be confused with the edible cobweb, from which it differs in lighter color and places of growth.

Edibility

Edible cobwebs are eaten fried or salted.

Kira Stoletova

One of the most common types of mushrooms in the temperate zone is the spider web mushroom. It belongs to the group of conditionally edible mushrooms. The genus Cobweb from the cobweb family of the same name is dangerous because there are poisonous varieties.

Appearance

The mushroom got its name because of the white “skirt” that falls down the stem and resembles a cobweb. The popular name “Pribolotnik” does not reflect the range of the species, although sometimes it is an absolutely swamp resident. It grows in all types of forests in a variety of soils. This is an autumn genus, with peak growth occurring in late August and early September.

Species of Cobwebs are similar to each other in a number of ways:

  1. Cylindrical leg with extension downwards.
  2. Remains of a private web-like covering on the upper part of the leg.
  3. The cap is usually conical or flat in shape, with plates.
  4. The pulp is dense and fragrant.

The species of cobwebs differ in the color of the stem and cap, and the smell of the pulp. Among them there are both edible and poisonous representatives.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

The name of the family Cobwebs was given by the French mycologist and phytopathologist of tropical plants Jean Aime Roger (1900-1979), who proceeded from the specific structure of the private bedspread, consisting of cobweb fibers connecting the edge of the cap with the stem.

Most arachnoids are mycorrhiza-formers, the life processes of which are associated with certain tree species. Among the spider webs there are deadly poisonous specimens. However, there are also useful, edible species. However, they are few in number and do not have much practical significance. A characteristic feature of the genus Cobweb is the different colors of young and mature specimens, and the presence of a rapidly disappearing purple pigment in many species.

By the way. The genus Cobweb is divided into subgenera that have their own specific characteristics, for example:

  • subgenus Myxsacium: there is a common mucous blanket that causes the cap and stalk to be mucous.
  • subgenus Phlegmacium: a mucous cap is present.
  • subgenera Hydrocybe And Telamonia: the cap is hygrophanic.
  • subgenera Dermocybe And Inoloma: the cap is dry, scaly, fibrous.

Types of mushroom

The genus includes about 25 species. They differ in taste and degree of safety for humans. Some are listed in the Red Book.

Edible species

  • Edible cobweb, or bbw: The species lives in coniferous plantations. The cap is white-gray, the surface is watery. The pulp is dense and has a faint mushroom smell. The plates are frequent and adhere to the cap. The edible cobweb is a type of mushroom often found in temperate coniferous forests. In Russia it is found in the European part. You can also find it in Belarus.

The edible cobweb is characterized by a smooth, dense, whitish-brown leg, in the middle (located in the center) there are remnants of the cortina (private web cover), which disappear with age. The length of the leg is usually 2-3 cm with a thickness of 1.5-2 cm, which sharply distinguishes this species from other representatives of the genus.

  • Cobweb watery blue, or dove blue: This species in Russia is known only in Primorye. However, it is widespread in North America and the countries of the European continent.
  1. The cap is uniformly colored blue-gray, diameter up to 10 cm.
  2. The smell is unpleasant, musty.
  3. The taste is fresh.
  4. There is no tuber-shaped thickening on the stem.

It grows under various deciduous trees, but more often under beech and oak. Growth is more group or colonial. Also, adult individuals lack the remains of the veil.

The species of triumphal cobweb is also considered edible. But due to its reduced taste, it should be classified as conditionally edible.

Conditionally edible

The difference between this group and edibles is that conditionally edibles require pre-processing. They should not be eaten raw; it is not recommended to eat them fried without prior soaking.

  • Triumphal cobweb, or yellow has the following characteristics:
  1. The cap reaches 7-12 cm in diameter, is brownish in the center and orange-yellow at the edges. The shape is flat or pillow-like. Usually the surface is sticky.
  2. The pulp has a pleasant smell.
  3. In young mushrooms, the “web” completely covers the plates. With age, the plates darken to a brownish color.
  4. The diameter of the stem is 1 cm. Large fruiting bodies have a stem up to 3 cm in diameter. Height up to 15 cm.

This species lives in deciduous forests. They find it under birch and oak trees. Often accompanied by milk mushrooms.

  • Slime cobweb: The main difference from other species is the presence of mucus that abundantly covers the cap. Individuals grow large - up to 12 cm in diameter of the cap, the corresponding leg is up to 20 cm in length.

The pulp of this species is odorless and tasteless. Color varies from white to cream. The mushroom is found in coniferous and mixed forests.

Attention! Do not confuse the slimy cobweb species with the slimy cobweb species.

  • Slimy cobweb: the cap is covered with a mucous cobwebby covering. The mucus is thick and sometimes even hangs from the uneven edges of the cap. The cap is thinner at the edges than in the center. The color ranges from orange to dark brown. The pulp is white, loose. It is also distinguished by the smaller size of the fruiting bodies. The species is characterized by the formation of mycorrhiza with pine plantings.
  • The web spider is excellent: its peculiarity is the appearance of the cap and stem. In adults, the cap is similar to a bell, rich brown or brown in color. The diameter of the cap is up to 20 cm. The stem is long, clearly expanding downward from a cylinder into a cone. The surface of the fruiting body is soft and velvety. In adult mushrooms, they become wrinkled. A thin violet-gray stripe remains along the edges of the cap. The pulp is white or mixed with blue. It has a pleasant smell and taste. The species bears fruit in large groups and is more often found near birch or beech trees. Prefers deciduous forests. By the way. This is a little studied species.
  • Bracelet web, or red: distinguished by the red or reddish-brown color of the cap. There is no mucus on it. The pulp has a characteristic musty odor. Prefers damp and mossy places. Found in mycorrhiza with pine or birch trees. The bracelet cobweb is identified by the bright “bracelets” on the stem remaining from the cobweb cover (cortina) and by the dark fibers on the cap.
  • Purple cobweb: got its name because of the peculiarity of the pulp. When cut, it acquires a purple color, but when whole it is usually bluish or gray. The surface of the cap is sticky. The characteristics of young and adult individuals differ significantly:
  1. In adults, the cap is flat, slightly concave at the edges. The plates are frequent, with a purple tint. The diameter of the cap is up to 15 cm. The stem is long, with a tuber at the very bottom. The color of the stem is purple, and the cap is olive, brown or brownish with impurities.
  2. Young individuals have a spherical cap that practically merges with the stem. The leg itself is barrel-shaped.
  • Gossamer webwort: differs from other brethren in the whitish color of the legs with a bluish or pinkish tint. The cap is light brown in color and prefers deciduous forests. The musty smell of the pulp is faint.
  • Variable cobweb: received its name due to the change in color during growth. In adults and mature individuals, the colors of the legs and caps are different. A more common name is “multi-colored mushroom.” Usually the fruiting bodies are small, with an elongated stalk. The cap is brown or golden along the edge and lowered. The plates are light purple. There is a brownish-red stripe on the stem. In old mushrooms, the plates turn pale and turn brown. The leg is usually white or cream in color. The species bears fruit mainly in the south and east in deciduous plantations.

Poisonous species

  • Poisonous cobweb: This species is found as often as the edible cobweb. It is precisely because of the abundance of dangerous doubles that the edible type of mushroom does not attract even a knowledgeable mushroom picker.
  • Blue-banded cobweb: it is dangerous because its appearance is practically no different from an edible fruit. A hat with a bump in the center, gray and brown. Its lower concave edge has a purple or blue stripe. The pulp is odorless and tasteless. It also forms mycorrhiza with coniferous trees. Inedible.
  • Common spiderwort: characterized by a brown or golden color of the cap. It has a cone-shaped shape, the edge is uneven, and the surface is mucous. The plates may be uneven. Common cobwebs often have spiral-shaped bands on the stalk, which distinguish the poisonous fruiting body from the edible one.
  • The most beautiful cobweb: is a deadly poisonous species, it has a uniform brownish or reddish-orange color. The legs are long, and the caps are cone-shaped with uneven, torn edges. There is a protruding tubercle in the center of the cap. The most beautiful cobweb usually grows in groups.
  • Goat's web, or goat, or smelly: bright blue or gray color, sometimes more blue. A peculiarity of the species is the presence of the chemical odor of acetone or a “goat” odor. The hat and leg are the same color. The smell only intensifies with heat treatment. Goat's web grows in the same coniferous and mossy forests.
  • Lazy cobweb: has a characteristic cap color - reddish with crimson splashes. It grows in groups in symbiosis with birch and pine. Often the cap and stem are crooked, twisted or broken, with cracks. It is the irregularities and color that distinguish the species Lazy Spider from edible mushrooms.

  • Cobweb spider brilliant: the cap has a bright yellow or ocher color. The color of the pulp when cut is lemon, does not darken. The plates of adults are greenish. The cap is covered with mucus. The toxin in the pulp acts slowly, so poisoning will not be immediately noticeable.
  • Mountain spiderwort, or plush, or orange-red: a rare species characterized by the following characteristics:
  1. Outwardly it looks like a beautiful spider web, but it deceives with its pleasant radish smell and good taste.
  2. Danger of the species - poisoning appears 3 days after consumption.
  3. It has a uniform, even color of orange or light brown. The surface is soft and velvety.

Identifying an inedible species is not easy, so don't risk taking a nice-smelling fruiting body into your basket.

  • Scaly cobweb: looks similar to the edible species. It is distinguished by its brownish-brown color and dark brown scales on the cap. There is a dark spot in the center of the cap. The stalk also has dark brown scales, often at the bottom. The smell is weak but pleasant.

The following types of spider webs are also considered inedible:

  • p. chestnut (saffron);
  • n. soiling;
  • n. most elegant;
  • n. membranous;
  • n. most special.

Inedible species destroy the kidneys with their toxins, resulting in intoxication of the body.

Useful properties

They are limited to standard indicators for mushrooms. This is the presence of protein, vitamins and microelements in the fruiting bodies. They contain more vitamins A and group B than fruits and vegetables.

Contraindications

Even edible mushrooms are contraindicated:

  1. Pregnant women, the elderly and children under 7-8 years old.
  2. People with a weak stomach, intestines, suffering from various abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract.
  3. People with individual intolerance.

You cannot eat edible mushrooms collected within the city and near busy highways, factories, and the private sector.

Application

Cooking

Edible spider web mushrooms are considered a delicacy; they have a wonderful nutty taste. Tolstushka is delicious fried or stewed with sour cream or cream. Decoctions from the plum are used to make broth. The edible fruiting bodies are also pickled and dried, but this can result in the loss of much of the flavor.

The excellent cobweb is dried or pickled only after long soaking and boiling. Young specimens are suitable for pickling and salting. FYI. The shiny coating on the cap of the purple cobweb species disappears when dried.

Medicine

Used to obtain probiotics and extract valuable microelements. In industry, dyes are extracted from colored fruiting bodies. The species cannot be used in home medicine.

Taxonomy:
  • Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
  • Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
  • Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
  • Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
  • Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
  • Family: Cortinariaceae (Cobwebs)
  • Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
  • View: Cortinarius triumphans (Yellow web spider)
    Other names for the mushroom:

Synonyms:

  • Triumphal cobweb
  • Yellow marshweed
  • Triumphant marsh grass

Yellow gossamer cap:
Diameter 7-12 cm, hemispherical in youth, with age it becomes cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate; noticeable shreds of cobwebby covering often remain along the edges. Color - orange-yellow, usually darker in the central part; The surface is sticky, although in very dry weather it may dry out. The flesh of the cap is thick, soft, white-yellowish in color, with an almost pleasant smell, not typical for.

Records:
Weakly adherent, narrow, frequent, light cream in youth, changing color with age, acquiring a smoky and then bluish-brown color. In young specimens they are completely covered with a light cobwebby cover.

Spore powder:
Rust brown.

Leg:
The leg of the yellow spider web is 8-15 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, in youth it is very thick in the lower part, and with age it acquires a regular cylindrical shape. In young specimens, bracelet-like remains of the cortina are clearly visible.

Spreading:
Yellow cobweb grows from mid-August to the end of September in deciduous foxes, forming mycorrhizae mainly with birch. Prefers dry places; can be considered a satellite. The place and time of the most intense fruiting of these two species often coincides.

Similar species:
The yellow web spider is one of the easiest spider webs to identify. However, there are indeed a lot of similar species. Yellow cobweb is classified only according to a set of characteristics - starting from the shape of the fruiting body and ending with the time and place of growth.

Edibility:
Yellow cobweb in foreign sources falls under the category; domestic authors have a different opinion. SOUTH. Semenov in his book calls the yellow spider web the most delicious spider web.

Notes
and the yellow cobweb - this is what stands before our eyes after several days of forest fermentation in mid-September. Milk mushroom in a basket, cobweb in the forest. I'll have to try the opposite sometime. It is interesting to get acquainted with the yellow spider web from the culinary side, but, of course, it is not possible to collect both abundant mushrooms at the same time. We have to choose.