Temperature °C

1

2

3

4

5

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

Medium
daytime

26.4

26.3

25.2

22.9

20.0

17.6

16.9

18.2

20.4

22.5

24.0

25.7

Medium
night

18.7

19.0

17.4

14.1

10.9

8.5

7.1

8.0

10.3

13.1

15.3

17.4

Temperature °C

1

2

3

4

5

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

average
daytime

31.8

31.4

31.9

32.7

32.0

30.6

30.5

31.3

32.5

33.1

33.2

32.5

average
night

24.8

24.7

24.5

24.0

22.1

20.0

19.3

20.5

23.1

25.0

25.3

25.3

Temperature °C

1

2

3

4

5

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

average
daytime

35.6

36.0

36.0

36.7

36.0

34.5

34.8

36.8

37.7

38.9

37.1

37.1

average
night

20.2

17.2

19.2

16.0

13.8

12.1

10.4

13.2

15.1

19.0

19.3

19.8

Rainfall (mm)

1

2

3

4

5

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

average month

423

361

319

98.9

21.3

2.0

1.4

5.7

15.4

70.7

142

248

max. in
month

940

815

1014

357

299

50.6

26.6

83.8

130

339

371

665

min. in
month

136

103

88.0

1.0

0

0

0

0

0

0

17.2

18.8

max. in
day

311

250

241

143

89.6

46.8

19.2

80.0

70.6

95.5

96.8

277

Temperature °C

1 — 2

3

4

5

6 — 7

8

9

10

11

12

average
daytime

35.5

35.5

35.3

33.1

30.6

33.1

36.3

38.5

38.9

37.4

average
night

24.5

23.5

20.9

18.1

14.9

15.8

19.5

22.9

24.7

24.9

Temperature °C

1

2

3

The smallest continent on planet Earth is Australia. With a territory of 7,659,861 km2 (with islands 7,692,024 km2), it occupies only 5% of the entire land mass of the planet. At the same time, the size of the mainland, if viewed from north to south, will be 3.7 thousand kilometers, and from west to east, approximately 4,000 kilometers. In this case, the length of all coasts of the continent will be approximately 35,877 kilometers.

The continent is located in the southern hemisphere of the planet. From the north, south and west, mainland Australia is washed by the Indian Ocean, and from the east it is washed by the Tasman and Coral Seas. Australia is also famous for the largest coral reef in the world (more than 2000 km), which is located on the northeast coast of the continent.

The entire territory of the mainland belongs to one state, which is called Australia. Officially, this state is called the Commonwealth of Australia.

Extreme points of mainland Australia

There are four extreme points that are located on mainland Australia:

1) The most extreme point in the north is Cape York, which is washed by the Coral and Arafura Seas.

2) The westernmost point of the mainland is Cape Steep Point, which is washed by the Indian Ocean.

3) The southern extreme point of Australia is South Point, which washes the Tasman Sea.

4) And, finally, the easternmost point of the mainland is Cape Byron.

Relief of Australia

The mainland of Australia is dominated by plains. More than 90% of the entire land mass of the continent does not exceed 600 meters above sea level. There are also mountain ranges in Australia, which usually do not exceed a height of 1500 kilometers. The highest mountains in Australia are the Australian Alps, whose highest mountain Kosciuszko reaches a height of 2230 meters above sea level. Also in Australia there are the Musgrave Mountains, the West Australian Plateau, the Kimberley Plateau, the Darling Range and Mount Lofty.

The entire territory of the continent of Australia is located on the Australian platform, which includes the mainland of Australia and part of the ocean adjacent to it.

Australian inland waters

According to inland waters, this mainland is characterized as the poorest mainland in terms of rivers. The longest river on the mainland, the Murray, originates from the region of the highest mountain in Australia, Kosciuszko, and reaches a length of 2375 km.

Rivers are fed mainly by rain or melt water. The most full-flowing rivers are at the beginning of summer, and then they begin to shallow, and in some places turn into stagnant reservoirs.

Just like rivers, lakes on the mainland are also fed by rainwater. Such lakes do not have a constant level and runoff. In summer, they can dry out completely and turn into depressions, the bottom of which is covered with salt. The thickness of salt at the bottom of dried lakes can reach up to 1.5 meters. Quite large lakes in Australia can be swamps for most of the year. There is a hypothesis that the south of the mainland continues to rise from the ocean.

Climate of mainland Australia

Mainland Australia is located in three climatic zones at once - this is the subtropical zone, the tropical zone and the subequatorial zone.

The subtropical belt of the continent of Australia includes three climates - subtropical continental, subtropical humid and Mediterranean.

The Mediterranean climate is characterized by dry and hot summers, but warm and humid winters. There are slight fluctuations in the periods of the year (in summer the temperature rises to 27 degrees Celsius, and in winter the air temperature drops to 12 degrees Celsius) and there is quite a lot of precipitation. This climate is typical for the southwestern part of Australia.

The subtropical humid climate is characterized by large temperature fluctuations in different periods of the year (in summer the temperature rises to +24 degrees Celsius, and in winter it drops to -10 degrees Celsius below zero) and significant precipitation. Such a climate is inherent in the entire state of Victoria, part of the state of New South Wales, which is located in the southwest.

The subtropical continental climate is characterized by low rainfall and large temperature differences and is inherent in southern Australia.

The tropical belt is formed from tropical dry and tropical humid climates.

The tropical humid climate is located in the east of the mainland and is characterized by a small amount of precipitation. Such a climate is formed due to the action of southeast winds, which are saturated with moisture from the Pacific Ocean.

Tropical dry climate is typical for the central and western parts of the mainland. The hottest climate is in the northwest of the mainland - in summer the temperature rises to 35 degrees Celsius, and in winter it drops very slightly to 20 degrees Celsius. It is worth noting the city of Alice Springs, which is located in the central part of the continent, where the temperature during the day can rise to 45 degrees, and at night fall to -6 degrees Celsius below zero. At the same time, precipitation may not fall in some places for years, and then in a matter of hours, the annual rate of precipitation may fall. In this case, moisture is very quickly absorbed by the earth or evaporates.

The subequatorial climate on the Australian mainland is characterized by stable temperatures throughout the year (23 degrees Celsius) and high rainfall.

Flora and fauna of Australia

Due to the fact that the mainland is isolated from other continents, the flora of this mainland is very diverse. At the same time, there are plants and animals that live only on this mainland and are absent anywhere else. And due to the peculiarities of the dry climate on the continent, dry-loving plants predominate among plants. For example, eucalyptus, acacia and others. In the north of the mainland you can find tropical forests.

The area of ​​the mainland covered with forests is only 5%. Over time, many trees and plants were introduced from other continents, which took root well in Australia, for example, cereals, vines, some types of fruits and vegetables.

But the variety of animals on the mainland is not so diverse. In total, there are just over 230 species of mammals living on the mainland, more than 700 species of birds and more than 120 species of amphibians. But most of these animals exist only on the mainland and will not survive anywhere else, as they feed on plants that also exist only on mainland Australia. This is such a peculiar world that is worth seeing with your own eyes.

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Climate zones of Australia

Since the mainland lies within three warm climatic zones of the Southern Hemisphere, and the island of Tasmania is in the temperate zone, its climatic conditions will be diverse.

There are 4 climatic zones on the mainland:

• Subequatorial zone;
• Tropical zone;
• Subtropical zone;
• temperate zone.

In general, Australia is characterized arid type of climate. Precipitation during the year falls from $250$-$500$ mm. The driest region is located in the south of the mainland, around the lake Air and covers an area of ​​several thousand square kilometers. The annual number here is less 125 mm. In the center of Australia, precipitation may not fall for several years in a row. Areas with a large amount of precipitation are small in area and are located in those places where moist air rises above orographic barriers.

Near Queensland the largest number of them is registered - $4500$ mm per year. The amount of precipitation of $ 500 $ mm per year can boast of the coastal northern regions, the east and southeast of the mainland, and the island Tasmania. Precipitation in the form snow drop out only in Australian Alps, Victoria, New South Wales above 1350 m. Australia, like other continents, was also affected by the problem global change climate. This manifests itself in power reduction And duration of snow cover in the mountains. The precipitation regime is characterized seasonal differences. Most of them fall into summer period which lasts from December to March. The southern part of the mainland and the western coast receive precipitation winter.

Temperatures are also seasonal fluctuations. The northwest coast belongs to the most roast district. Minimum temperatures for the mainland are not typical, with the exception of mountainous regions New South Wales, Victoria, Australian Alps and most tasmania. Frosts in these areas can occur at any time of the year, and the frost-free period lasts for $300$ days.

Spring period on the mainland starts from September and lasts until the end november. Wildlife flourishes during this period. Temperatures are optimal - not too hot, but not cold either. Summer- most hot and dry season, in deserts the air warms up to $40$ degrees in the shade. Autumn, as on other continents, is called golden and lasts from March to May. The best time of the year for the mainland is winter, air temperature does not exceed $20$ degrees, it rains infrequently.

Characteristics of climatic zones

Subequatorial climate zone of Australia and occupies the northern and northeastern parts of the mainland. Throughout the year, in this zone, there is an even course of air temperature + $ 23 $ - $ 24 $ degrees and a large amount of precipitation, which comes along with humid northwest monsoon. Precipitation across the territory of the climatic zone falls unevenly, most of it remains on the coast. Their total number during the year is $1000-$1500 mm, and in some places it can be up to $2000 mm. Summer within the belt wet with thunderstorms. Dry the period of the year here is winter, it rains sporadically. Dry and hot winds blowing from the interior of the mainland can cause drought. Air masses change with the seasons of the year. Water near the shore warms up to +$25$ degrees and remains constant.

Tropical climate zone of Australia. Against the background of high air temperatures, in January +$30$, in July +$16$ degrees, a two types climate - continental (desert) and humid tropical. The difference between these types lies in the nature moisturizing. The amount of precipitation here varies from east to west. humid tropical climate falls up to $2000$ mm, and in desert type precipitation is only about $200$ mm per year.

Wet tropical the area is included in the zone of action of the southeast trade winds, which bring saturated air masses from the Pacific Ocean. The coastal plains and eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range are well moistened and are characterized by a mild warm climate. Tropical desert climate, occupying the central and western parts of the mainland receives precipitation from $250$-$300$ mm per year. Northwestern part of Australia, where it is located Great Sandy Desert, the summer temperature stays at +$35$ degrees, in winter it drops to +$20$. Precipitation here also falls unevenly. It happens that they are not there for several years, and sometimes the entire annual norm falls out in a few hours. Part of the water quickly goes underground and becomes inaccessible to plants, while the other part evaporates.

Australia's subtropical climate zone.

Within this zone, three types of climate are distinguished:

• Mediterranean type;
• Subtropical continental type;
• Subtropical humid type of climate.

The southwestern part of the mainland is characterized Mediterranean type similar to the climate of Spain and southern France - dry and hot summer, warm and wet winter. Seasonal temperature fluctuations are small - in January +$23$-$27$ degrees, in June +$12$-$14$ degrees. The annual rainfall is from $600$-$1000$ mm. Continental subtropical climate occupies the part of the mainland that adjoins Great Australian Bight. The climate is characterized by large annual fluctuations in air temperature and low rainfall. State Victoria, southwestern foothills of New South Wales located within the boundaries subtropical humid climate. Precipitation mainly falls in the coastal part - $500$-$600$ mm, and as you move deeper into the continent, their amount decreases. Summer temperatures rise to +$20$-$24$ degrees, while winter temperatures drop to +$8$-$10$ degrees.

Australia's temperate zone. Within the belt are the central and southern parts of the island Tasmania. The climate of the island, which is influenced by the surrounding water spaces, is different moderately warm winter And cool summer.

Remark 2

The average monthly temperature in January is +$14$-$17$ degrees, while in June it is +$8$. Winds prevail western direction, which carry a lot of moisture from the ocean, in the west of the island - $2500$ mm. Rainy days per year here $259$. For the winter period, snow is possible, but it does not linger for a long period.

Extreme weather in Australia

Australian weather conditions can wear extreme character. During the wet season in tropical areas, cyclones. In desert areas, for several years in a row, there are severe droughts, and falling rains lead to floods. In the southern states, the rainiest months are from May to July. The snow season in the Australian Alps is from June to September.

Cyclones Tropical Phenomenon. They are guests of the coast Western Australia And Queensland. About $6$ of cyclones hit the mainland every year, and one of the most famous - Cyclone Tracy$1974$ City Darwin evacuated due to $80$% damage. Over $600 people were injured and $49 were killed. Tracy was not the worst cyclone. Passed over Australia Hurricane in $1899 Queensland, claimed the lives of $400$ people and destroyed whole fleet for the extraction of pearls and fish.

The central regions of Australia are characterized by severe droughts. In these areas, daytime heat is replaced by intense cold at night. But these are unusual droughts. There have been many such droughts over the past $200$ years. For example, drought$1895$-$1903$ lasted neither more nor less than $8$ years. As a result half of all sheep countries and $40$ % cattle died. The drought, which lasted for $5$ years, occurred between $1963$-$1968$. – result – $40$% yield reduction wheat. The same drought only in the central part of the mainland lasted $8$ years - from $1958$-$1967$.

Remark 3

by the most hot the place of the mainland is Cloncurry, where in the shade the air temperature rises to +$50$ degrees. Minimum rainfall - $126$ mm recorded in Willpam Creek, but maximum- in the east Innisfaile$3535$ mm.

Australia differs from other continents in geographical location and climate. Their influence on the mainland created not only unique natural areas, but also rare species of the animal world. Traveling across the vast territory of the country, without crossing borders, you can visit deserts and tropical forests, conquer snow-capped mountains and relax on the ocean.

Australia is located in the Southern Hemisphere, so the usual European seasons will be opposite - summer begins in December, and winter in June. True, all seasons can only be found on the island Tasmania where passes temperate climate zone. The mainland itself is located in the subequatorial, tropical and subtropical zones.

Climate zones of Australia

Northern Territories of Australia, including Darwin, refer to subequatorial belt. There are two seasons during the year - the rainy season and the dry season. The Australian winter is the dry season. It is hot during the day at this time, the temperature reaches +32°C, and at night it drops to +20°C. Rain is practically non-existent. The rainy season lasts all summer. It is characterized by high humidity, frequent rains and high temperatures (+34°C during the day, +27°C at night).

From the western territories of Australia to the central ones (Alice Springs) there are deserts, in the coastal regions - semi-deserts. Their appearance is due to the tropical belt and the mountainous relief that retains moisture, starting off the coast. Rain is a rare occurrence. The temperature in summer rises to +30°C, and in the center of Australia in the Great Sandy Desert to +40°C. In winter it gets cold up to +10°С.

From the South-West of the mainland (Perth) to the South-East (Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne) passes the subtropical belt. Its mild climate is favorable for living and growing crops. In summer it is hot and dry, the temperature reaches +30°С, in winter it rains and cool, about +15°С. In the highlands of Victoria, South Wales and near Canberra, snow falls in winter.

The south of the mainland (Adelaide) falls into the subtropical zone. Its continental climate has temperature fluctuations: +27°C in summer and +15°C in winter. It rains rarely, mostly in winter.

The east coast of Australia (Brisbane, Cairns, Gold Coast) is the greenest and most comfortable part of the mainland. Location of most tourist beaches. In summer the daytime temperature is about +28°С, in winter +18°С. It rains all year round, but in winter there are more of them and high waves rise off the coast.

Through the island of Tasmania (Hobart) passes a temperate climate zone. Winters are warm (temperature from +8°С), and summers are cool (up to +22°С). It rains often. The snow melts quickly.

Tourist seasons in Australia

Due to the varied climate of Australia, you can go to the country at any time of the year. Every tourist will find something to their liking: beautiful landscapes, rare species of wildlife, active and passive recreation on the coast of the oceans, in the mountains, deserts and canyons.

Residents are more common among tourists New Zealand, Japan, USA and nearby Asian countries. Enough tourists come from Europe, most of them British and Germans.

beach holiday And diving carried out on the Gold Coast of Australia - a 40-kilometer strip along the east coast near Brisbane, as well as on the islands along the Great Barrier Reef. The best season to visit is summer, from December to March. The water is pleasant, about +24°C.

To protect swimmers from sharks, a program was carried out to protect the eastern beaches of Australia. Over the past 40 years, there has not been a single case of shark attacks on humans.

In the north of the mainland, it is better to spend a beach holiday from May to October - in the dry season, while there are no monsoon rains.
The ocean has undercurrents that can pull in depth an inexperienced swimmer. When high waves rise off the coast, the hotel administration puts up red or yellow flags on the coast. This means that swimming is dangerous and prohibited.

Surfing are engaged both off the eastern coast of the mainland on the waves of the Pacific Ocean, and on the western and southern coasts on the waves of the Indian and Atlantic oceans, respectively. From December to April the water is warm, the waves are high. Cool water lovers can surf in the winter at gold coast, water temperature is about +20°С.

You can see the sights, flora and fauna of Australia in any season, but it is worth considering that in the south of the mainland ( Melbourne) clouds and fogs are less in winter, and in the north ( Darwin) at this time there are no prolonged showers. Travel to inspect the central regions of the mainland ( Alice Springs) is better in the Australian winter, from June to October, the weather becomes cool.

In spring, from the end of August to October, you can admire the flowering of trees and shrubs in the cities Sydney, Canberra, Cairns, Melbourne, Perth. In the summer, from December to March, walks around the island of Tasmania will become comfortable and not cold.
There are ski resorts in Australia. They are held in winter from June to August in the highlands of Canberra, Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania.

What to pack for Australia

Over Australia, the ozone layer is so thin that it allows much more ultraviolet light to pass through. than in other countries. Therefore, the Australian sun is considered the most dangerous for the skin. To protect it on a trip, you should take light, light-colored cotton clothes, a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses and sunscreen with the maximum level of protection. If you swim in the ocean, you should take a waterproof cream.

The locals themselves avoid long exposure to the sun. Australia has the highest number of skin cancer cases.

In the water of the ocean, especially near reef sites, various poisonous marine life live. In order not to get hurt by stepping on the needles of a sea urchin or a stone fish, you need to go into the water in rubber slippers or sandals.

When meeting with jellyfish in the water, you should avoid touching them, or get out of the water. Some species, often small in size, can sting painfully.

After sunset, you should not walk barefoot on the grass, so as not to step on hiding snakes.

Being engaged in outdoor activities or sightseeing, it is worth remembering that Australia is a country of large territories. Moving through its expanses, a first-aid kit will always come in handy, equipped with remedies for bruises, head and stomach pains, as well as insect bites.

As for insects, mosquitoes carrying various diseases live in the humid climate of the north of the country. High-quality skin repellents and fumigators in the room will serve as protection against them. When choosing a hotel room, make sure that it is equipped with mosquito nets.

If you intend to travel to the rainforests in northern Australia, you need to use shoes with high edges and clothing that completely covers the body. This will protect against leeches and other insects. During the rainy season from December to March in the north, a raincoat is useful.

If you are traveling outside of the Australian summer, you should bring warmer clothes with you. A hot day after sunset turns into a cool night. Especially in the central territories of Australia, when during the day the temperature rises to + 30 ° C, and at night it can drop to -5 ° C.

On the island of Tasmania, the climate is similar to English weather. In winter, you should wear a warm jacket, pants and boots.

When visiting Australian ski resorts, you should take a ski suit, mask and boots with you. The rest of the equipment is rented from the ski lifts.

Monthly weather in Australia

australian summer

December

In December, the influx of tourists to Australia begins, although against the background of its territories it is noticeable only in the resorts of Eastern Australia. It is there that the season of beach holidays, surfing and diving opens.

The rainy season is coming to the north of the country. The central regions are not recommended to visit because of the intense heat. But the island of Tasmania will delight you with warm days.

At the end of the month, those wishing to celebrate the New Year come to the Gold Coast, Canberra, Sydney, Brisbane or Melbourne.

January

This is the peak of the Australian summer. Hot weather is in all regions. It rains only in the north. Water is heated to the maximum limits.

It's time to visit the Great Barrier Reef, the beach areas of the East or cool off on tours of Tasmania.
Western, southern and central territories suffer a period of drought.

On January 1, Australia is almost one of the first to celebrate the New Year. The holiday is celebrated in major cities with fireworks and the beginning of various festivals.

February

The heat is gradually losing ground, but high temperatures are still holding. In northern Australia, the downpours are so heavy that they sometimes block roads or prevent tourists from entering to avoid accidents.
The most comfortable weather in Canberra, Sydney and Melbourne. Tours around the mainland begin.

australian autumn

March

With the onset of autumn, the heat gradually recedes.
In the east (Sydney, Brisbane, Cairns) the rainy season begins. The beach season subsides, tourists go home or move to sightseeing. High waves rise along the coast, attracting surfers from all over the world.

The warmest water in the ocean is in the south near Melbourne. Prices for sea holidays are gradually decreasing.
A good time to visit the deserts, it is not so hot during the day, it is cool at night.

April

It is considered an off-season month. In the north, the rains stop, the dry season begins. Just the time to explore this part of the continent.

In the west (Perth) it is warm, not very cold at night, there is little rain. It's still warm around Melbourne and Sydney. The cost of a beach holiday is low, there are few tourists.

Colds come to Tasmania, the daytime temperature rises no higher than + 17 ° C.

May

The last month of autumn begins the active beach season in northern Australia. There is no rain, the temperature is high, but the weather is too hot for northern excursions. They also go west to Perth for swimming.

In the south, the east coast of the mainland and near the Barrier Reef, it is already cool, high waves. Surfers come here, using wetsuits from hypothermia.

In the central regions, the weather becomes more favorable for sightseeing.

Australian winter

June

In the first month of winter, temperatures below 0°C are not found even in cold regions. For the northern territories, June is the coldest month. But its performance is kept within + 29 ° С.

While the beach season is in full swing in the north, the ski season begins in the southwest of the mainland (the highlands of Canberra, Victoria and New South Wales).

The influence of winter is also felt in Tasmania, it is cold and damp.

It's warm in the west, you can go on excursions.

July

Winter July is cold for the whole country. The best pastime will be ski resorts in the south and center of the mainland. In the deserts, there are frosts at night.

You can go on excursions to different parts of the mainland. Cool, but comfortable with warm clothes. Snow falls in Tasmania and a ski resort opens in the highlands.

In the west it is quite warm, although it is raining.

August

There are few tourists in Australia in August. It is cold in most of its regions. It is often windy in the south, but fogs pass, making it difficult to see the sights.

Ski resorts in the south and center of the country continue to delight ski lovers. And the warm north makes it possible to soak up the beaches.

australian spring

September

In September, spring comes to Australia, the time of the off-season. The number of tourists is on the rise. The flowering of trees and grasses begins, which makes excursions to major cities attractive: Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Brisbane, etc.
In the south, there is an increase in the temperature of water and air, there are rains. The beach resorts of the east are gradually coming to life. At the Barrier Reef, divers begin their dive.

The north is just as hot. It's cold in Tasmania.

October

Spring is in full swing in Australia. The temperature is getting higher and higher. Hot weather begins in the center of the mainland in the deserts.

West (Perth), southeast (Melbourne, Sydney) and the island of Tasmania are suitable for excursions with a comfortable temperature.
In the east, tourists continue to come, relaxing on the beach and diving. Good time to surf the waves around the Barrier Reef.

The temperature rises in the north, there is no rain, the beach season is in full swing.

November

In November, the peak tourist season begins in Australia. It is warm throughout the mainland, and even hot in the center.
Fans of the beach, diving, surfing choose hotels on the east coast. In the north, the beach season ends.
Excursion tours go to any point of the mainland. Travel prices are on the rise.

Weather in cities and resorts by months

Canberra

Adelaide

Alice Springs

Bundaberg

Brisbane

queensland

Melbourne

Australia is the driest continent in the world. Precipitation here is five times less than in Africa, and air temperatures are just as high. This is due to the influence of a number of climate-forming factors. Australia receives a large amount of solar energy, because its territory extends into tropical latitudes. The northern part of the mainland is in a hot thermal zone, the southern one is in a temperate one. .

The climate of Australia is significantly affected by atmospheric circulation and the underlying surface (relief and significant elongation of the territory from east to west). The territory of the mainland is in the zone of action of constant winds - Southeast trade winds, most of which are formed above the surface of the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 91).

The southeast trade wind carries moisture-saturated air masses from the ocean to the mainland. Consequently, the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range are constantly under the influence of moist sea air. Therefore, there is a lot of precipitation throughout the year. The mountain system rising on the path of the trade winds intercepts almost all the moisture, and the air that crosses the Great Dividing Range warms up and becomes dry, so precipitation does not fall (fig. 90), and in the central and western expanses of Australia, continental air masses form, contributing to the formation of deserts. And in addition, the length of Australia from east to west along the Southern Tropic is one and a half times greater than that of Africa. Therefore, here in the middle the air temperature is higher than in Africa, and the amount of precipitation is much less .

The southern part of the island of Tasmania and the South Island of New Zealand are subject to the influence of the constant westerly wind, which carries moist air masses to the Indian Ocean and causes uniform moisture here. The climate of the western, southern and eastern coasts of Australia is significantly influenced by cold and warm sea currents.

The fact that Australia is located in the Southern Hemisphere determines the alternation of the seasons here, which does not coincide with the seasons of the Northern Hemisphere. Consider how the climate situation in Australia changes throughout the year. material from the site

In December, January and February, the Sun is at its zenith on the Tropic of the South. It's summer in Australia. The area of ​​high atmospheric pressure is located in the south of the mainland. The land gets very warm, so the air entering the interior of Australia becomes even drier. Only in the north of the mainland, in the subequatorial belt, where equatorial air masses penetrate at this time, is hot and humid. In June, July and August, in connection with the transition of the Sun to the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in Australia. The belt of high atmospheric pressure is shifting to the north and is located above the central region of Australia. The mainland cools somewhat, and air masses move from land to ocean. Precipitation falls only in the extreme south.

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