Detailed biography of feta. The biography of Athanasius Feta is briefly the most important thing for children. The poet serves in the army
Athanasius Fet- an outstanding Russian poet, translator and memoirist, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. His poems are known and read not only in Russia, but also far beyond its borders.
Afanasy Fet in his youth Soon he successfully passed the exams at Moscow University at the Faculty of Law, but then transferred to the verbal department of the Faculty of Philosophy.
At the university, the student became friends with the famous writer and journalist Mikhail Pogodin.
While studying at the university, Afanasy Fet did not stop composing new poems. Once he wanted to know Pogodin's opinion regarding his work.
He spoke positively about his poems and even decided to show them (see).
Imagine Fet's surprise when he learned that his work made a great impression on the famous writer. Gogol called the young poet "an undoubted talent."
Fet's works
Inspired by praise, in 1840 Afanasy Fet published the poetry collection "Lyrical Pantheon", which turned out to be the first in his creative biography. Since that time, his poems began to appear in various Moscow publications.
A few years later, serious changes took place in Fet's life. In 1844, his mother and beloved uncle passed away.
It is worth noting that after the death of his uncle, he expected to receive an inheritance from him. However, for some unknown reason, the money disappeared.
As a result, Afanasy Afanasyevich was left practically without a livelihood. In order to make a fortune for himself, he decided to become a cavalryman and rise to the rank of officer.
In 1850, the second collection of Afanasy Fet was published, which aroused great interest among critics and ordinary readers. After 6 years, a third collection appeared under the editorship (see).
In 1863, Fet published a two-volume collection of his own poems. There were many lyrical works in it, in which he perfectly described human qualities. In addition to poetry, he was also fond of writing elegies and ballads.
It is worth noting that Afanasy Fet gained great popularity as a translator. For his biography, he managed to translate both parts of Faust and many works of Latin poets, including Horace, Juvenal, Ovid and Virgil.
An interesting fact is that at one time Fet wanted to translate the Bible into, since he considered the synodal translation unsatisfactory. He also planned to translate The Critique of Pure Reason. However, these plans never materialized.
Fet's poems
Among the hundreds of poems in Fet's biography, the most popular are:
- If the morning pleases you...
- Steppe in the evening
- Just meet your smile...
- I stood still for a long time...
- I came to you with greetings ...
Personal life
By nature, Afanasy Fet was a rather extraordinary person. Many saw in him a serious and thoughtful person.
As a result, his fans could not understand how such a closed personality managed to vividly, vividly and easily describe nature and human feelings.
One day in the summer of 1848, Fet was invited to a ball. Getting acquainted with the invited guests and watching the dances, he noticed a black-haired girl Maria Lazich, who was the daughter of a retired general.
Interestingly, Maria was already familiar with the work of Afanasy Fet, because she loved poetry.
Soon a correspondence began between the young people. Later, the girl inspired Fet to write many poems and played an important role in his biography.
However, Afanasy Fet did not want to propose to Mary, because she was as poor as he was. As a result, their correspondence ceased, and at the same time, any communication.
Soon Maria Lazich tragically died. From an accidentally thrown match, her outfit caught fire, as a result of which she received many burns incompatible with life.
Some biographers of Fet claim that the death of the young beauty was a suicide.
When the writer gained some popularity and was able to improve his financial situation, he went on a trip to the cities of Europe.
Abroad, Fet met a wealthy woman, Maria Botkina, who later became his wife. And although this marriage was not for love, but for convenience, the couple lived a happy life together.
Death
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet died on November 21, 1892 from a heart attack at the age of 71.
Some researchers of Fet's biography believe that his death was preceded by a suicide attempt, but this version does not have reliable facts.
The poet was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the Shenshin family estate in the Oryol region of Russia.
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Love a book, it will make your life easier, it will help you to sort out the colorful and stormy confusion of thoughts, feelings, events, it will teach you to respect a person and yourself, it inspires the mind and heart with a feeling of love for the world, for a person.
Maxim Gorky
Afanasy Fet made a significant contribution to literature. During Fet's student days, the first collection of works "Lyrical Pantheon" was released.
In the first works, Fet tried to get away from reality, described the beauty of Russian nature, wrote about feelings, about love. In the works, the poet touches on important and eternal topics, but does not speak directly, but in hints. Fet skillfully conveyed the whole gamut of emotions and moods, while evoking pure and bright feelings in readers.
Creativity changed its direction after the death of his beloved Fet. The poet dedicated the poem "Talisman" to Maria Lazich. Probably all subsequent works about love were also dedicated to this woman. The second collection of works aroused keen interest and a positive reaction from literary critics. This happened in 1850, at the same time Fet became one of the best modern poets of that time.
Afanasy Fet was a poet of "pure art", in his works he did not touch on social issues and politics. All his life he adhered to conservative views and was a monarchist. The next collection was published in 1856, it included poems in which Fet admired the beauty of nature. The poet believed that this was the purpose of his work.
Fet endured the blows of fate hard, as a result, relations with friends were interrupted and the poet began to write less. After two volumes of collected poems in 1863, he completely ceased to engage in creativity. This break lasted 20 years. Muse returned to Fet after he was returned the privileges of a nobleman and the name of his stepfather. Later, the poet's work touched upon philosophical topics; in his works, Fet wrote about the unity of man and the universe. Fet published four volumes of the collection of poems "Evening Lights", the last one was published after the death of the poet.
Russian poet Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet lived a long and very difficult life. During his lifetime, interest in his personality was not as high as after his death. Soon after the death of the poet, it became obvious that during his work he opened a new chapter in Russian poetry. It is his poems that can be considered the starting point of the poetry of the twentieth century. Therefore, today Fet is one of the most popular poets: his poems are included in the school curriculum, they are popular with people of different ages, scientists study his biography and work, finding new interesting facts. 
The poet bore his mother's surname. Carolina Charlotte Fet, the mother of the poet, a German, having met the retired captain Shenshin, leaves for Russia. Some time later, already in the father's homeland, a boy is born. Shenshin adopts him, without taking Carolina as his wife. Fourteen years later, the boy's surname is taken away and recognized as illegitimately born. From a Russian nobleman, he turns into a foreigner Fet. For the boy, this event was a real tragedy, and he decides to do everything to return his father's surname. As a result, after almost twelve years, he achieves his goal.
He received an excellent education by the standards of his time.. From the age of fifteen, Fet was sent to a German boarding school in Germany. Already here he was stubbornly engaged in classical philology, studying literary criticism and trying to write poetry. Carried away by philology, he easily enters the verbal department at Moscow University, which he graduates with excellent results.
For the sake of returning the status of a nobleman, Fet leaves literature for several years.. After graduating from the university, he goes to serve in the infantry regiment, because the officer's rank gives the right to receive the nobility. He did not understand army life, but he was ready to endure any difficulties in order to achieve his goal.
In the sixties of the nineteenth century, Fet created prose. At this time, poetry faded into the background. There were periods in which Fet did not create a single poem. He is the author of two prose cycles, consisting of essays and short stories, which were published in the magazines of that time.
Fet was personally acquainted with Leo Tolstoy. In the seventies of the nineteenth century, he becomes close to Tolstoy and considers him a friend. They often meet, have conversations on philosophical and social topics, Fet reads his new works to Tolstoy, and they discuss them. Tolstoy emphasizes the strengths in many of them, and openly criticizes some works.
Fet translated a lot. He translated, both for himself and on paid orders, Schiller and Goethe, Shakespeare, Byron. Fet was fluent in German and English, and was interested in French.
Fet considered himself guilty of the death of his beloved. While still a student, Fet met a girl with whom he fell in love. She was a dowry. Years passed. The poet received a return declaration of love, but he never made an offer to his chosen one, since he was not rich and was embarrassed by his status. And, in his own words, he was not yet ready for such a serious step. A few years later, the poet's beloved burned to death on her own estate. Many researchers believe that she committed suicide without becoming the wife of the one she loved. This tragic story tormented the poet until his death. 
Fet was married by convenience. Shortly after the death of his love, he goes on an unplanned vacation to Europe. Here, in the capital of France, he married Maria Botkina, the daughter of a wealthy tea seller. Most likely, it was a marriage of convenience, which the poet was thinking about. Friends and acquaintances quite often asked Fet about the reason for such an imminent wedding, but he was only silent. The poet had no children.
About eleven years old Fet worked as a justice of the peace. He resolved issues in the name he bought and estates nearby, for which all the landowners who lived in the neighborhood were grateful to him.
Fet had an ear for music, he knew how to play the piano. Perhaps that is why his poems are so melodic, and some of them have become romances. Tchaikovsky even called Fet more of a musician than a poet.
Fet was afraid of mental illness. This disease could have been inherited. His relatives were frequent patients in a psychiatric clinic. The poet often fell into depression, could not leave the room for several days. Fet could not talk to anyone for several weeks, devoting himself to creativity.
Fet died two days before his seventieth birthday. Fet was sick with asthma and had poor eyesight, but he felt decent. On the morning of November 21, 1892, he asked his wife to pour him a glass of champagne. The request was followed by a refusal, since the poet was still undergoing treatment. Fet demanded that his wife go to the doctor and come home with him for an examination, because, according to him, he wanted everyone to make sure that he had recovered and could drink alcohol. After the departure of his wife, he wanted to cut his veins. The secretary stopped him. Fet went to the closet to get something, but trying to open the closet door, he sighed heavily and fell unconscious on a chair next to him.
Fet's personality is amazing: he simultaneously managed to be both a romantic, dreaming of sincere love and care, and a businesslike, enterprising landowner living a real life. He is a poet who created sincere poems about nature, writing about children and for children. At the same time, he is an accurate publicist and prose writer, who often spent time translating, where one cannot go into thought and dream. He is a versatile person, and this is interesting to this day.
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet, aka Shenshin, is a famous Russian poet, one of the best lyricists in Russian literature. Many fans of his work know when Fet was born and died. If you are not one of them, we offer to fill the gap in knowledge. This man has come a long way in life. And he happened to experience the first blow of fate already in his youth.
History of birth, or Who is the father?
The origin of Afanasy Fet is the darkest place in his biography. It is still not known exactly who his real father is. A brief account of his birth describes a complex and ambiguous story.
In September 1820, a respectable forty-four-year-old landowner, Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, returned to his estate after a year-long treatment at a German spa resort. In Germany, he stayed at the home of Karl Becker, where he met his married daughter, Charlotte Feth. After some time, the woman became pregnant ...
Controversial opinion about the origin
Of course, it is important to know when Fet was born and died, but it is no less interesting to understand this almost detective story of his birth. Opinions differ about what happened next. Some biographers believe that Charlotte hastily filed for divorce and soon married Afanasy Neofitovich in Germany.
Other experts who have studied the facts of the birth of the future poet are inclined to believe that Afanasy Neofitovich, without waiting for a divorce, simply took Charlotte to his estate. There, subsequently, little Athanasius, the future great poet, will be born. This is a short biography of Fet, which tells about his confused origin.
The first blow of fate
When Afanasy Afanasievich was fourteen years old, an official notification came from Germany, which concerned the rights of his birth. According to him, from that moment on he was the legitimate son of his German father. In this connection, he was automatically deprived of all noble titles, which he rightfully used, being Shenshin.
As a result of these circumstances, fourteen-year-old Afanasy Fet began to be considered the illegitimate child of Shenshin Afanasy Neofitovich. And this formed a huge stain on the whole future life of the poet. Now his main goal was to restore his noble dignity and regain his lost rights.
Studying at the university and making new acquaintances
In the same period, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich was sent to the Livonian city of Verro, where he was admitted to a German boarding school. Without a name, family and citizenship, the boy felt his special disadvantage. In the same years, the young man began to discover his poetic talent, with the help of which he distanced himself from reality and plunged into the world of creativity.
In 1837, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich - by decision of Shenshin - was transferred to a boarding school in the city of Moscow, owned by Mikhail Pogodin. And next year, the future poet enters the university to study laws and philology. There he meets his classmate and they become very close friends.
Soon Athanasius even moved to Apollo's house on Malaya Polyanka, where he settled in a small room on the top floor. In the future, many contemporaries will note that with his ideas he had an important influence on the work of the young Athanasius Fet.
A. Fet: a photo in military uniform, or why service is needed
Athanasius studied very poorly, he was not interested in science. Because of this, he had to stay at the university even two years longer. The young man is constantly tormented by longing, it chokes him, and he finds salvation only in poetry. Finally, Afanasy Afanasievich graduated from Moscow University, and the friendships that appeared during these years of Fet's life played a significant role in the fate of the Russian lyricist. During that period, he met German philosophers, matured and became a true poet.
In 1840, the first collection of Fet's poems, called "Lyrical Pantheon", was published. However, after graduating from the university, Afanasy Afanasyevich begins his career in the military. Why suddenly this man began to serve in the army? The fact is that certain ranks gave a person the right to personal nobility. Significant years of Fet's life were spent trying to regain the Shenshin surname.
This is the reason for his endless trips to different regions of Russia and the remoteness of Afanasy Afanasyevich from those places where real literary life was seething, magazines were published, poems were discussed. And it is not so important when Fet was born and died. Of great importance is what fate awaited the poet because of that incomprehensible story of his birth.
Poet or business executive. Man standing firmly on his feet
Even years later, Afanasy Afanasyevich was engaged in creativity as if episodically. In 1863, the final collection of his poems was published, which draws a line under the whole period of Fet's life. Then comes a decade during which he practically not only does not publish his works, but does not even write them. This is due to certain external reasons.
The 1960s are the time of reforms, and Afanasy Fet publishes articles on agriculture on many topical issues. And many begin to perceive the poet primarily as a business executive. It is enough to recall the appearance of this man - thick-set, strong, with a large black beard, to understand that he writes about the economy for a reason. He really was very skillful and very firmly on his feet.
Two trends in Russian literature
The 1960s are the years when literature, and poetry in particular, devotes itself to public service. So, for example, it was in the lyrics of Nikolai Nekrasov, the greatest poet of that time. The axis of confrontation between Nekrasov and Fet is that the former represented civil poetry, and Afanasy Afanasievich personified the poetry of pure art.
On the one hand, specific goals, relevance, topicality, and on the other, something very strange. Some streams, nightingales, dreams... Who needs it? So many readers of that era reasoned. During these years, Afanasy Afanasievich was subjected to endless attacks from journalists. They write numerous parodies of the poet. They do not like the excessive musicality and rhythm of his works. Indeed, Fet's poetry is distinguished by integrity and unity. From the very beginning, he showed himself as a lyricist, praising the beauty and harmony of the world.
Special motives of the lyrics of Afanasy Afanasievich
The main characteristics of Afanasy Fet's lyrics are associativity, obscurity and musicality. In his poems, not wild nature is presented, but the space of human life. For example, not the sea, but a pond, not the whistle of the wind, but the sounds of music, not a forest, but a garden. "Whisper, timid breathing, nightingale trills ...". Not everyone remembers when Fet was born and died, but many readers know by heart these textbook lines written by Afanasy Afanasievich.
The world of Fet's poetry consists of images of pure beauty. These poems do not need any external stimuli, any special reasons or social events. And it was this intimacy that allowed Fet to remain a poet for decades. And as if not to notice his aging. Afanasy Afanasievich was born in 1820, and Fet's life ended in 1892. And it should be noted that it was in the last decade, in the 1880s, that the absolute flowering of his work took place.
The great significance of Fet's lyrics
It was at the time when Afanasy Fet was the owner of his wonderful estate in the Kursk province that he wrote his most delightful poems. Then the poet found stability and happiness in family life. Fet, whose photo is familiar even to the smallest reader today, began to publish collections one after another under the same name "Evening Lights". Four were published, the fifth was prepared for publication.
Any person can see in these last verses all the same young soul of the poet, who is not so much immersed in everyday life, but is inclined to see its philosophical depth behind every detail. And it is no coincidence. Because the early, still university enthusiasm for philosophy in his mature years resulted in systematic studies.
Afanasy Afanasyevich occupies a special place in Russian poetry of the nineteenth century. Without Fet, there would be no Russian symbolists, the work of Alexander Blok, Konstantin Balmont and many other wonderful poets. It was on the basis of the lyrical discoveries of Athanasius Fet that entire trends in the poetry of the twentieth century arose. First of all, symbolism. The value of Fet's poetry is thus very great.
The future poet was born on November 23 (December 5, according to the new style), 1820 in the village. Novoselki of the Mtsensk district of the Oryol province (Russian Empire).
As the son of Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, who left Germany in 1820, Athanasius was adopted by the nobleman Shenshin. After 14 years, an unpleasant event occurred in the biography of Afanasy Fet: an error was discovered in the birth record, which deprived him of his title.
Education
In 1837, Fet graduated from the private boarding school of Krimmer in the city of Verro (now Estonia). In 1838 he entered the Faculty of Philosophy at Moscow University, continuing to take a great interest in literature. He graduated from the university in 1844.
Creativity of the poet
In a brief biography of Fet, it is worth noting that the first poems were written by him in his youth. Fet's poetry was first published in the collection "Lyrical Pantheon" in 1840. Since then, Fet's poems have been constantly published in magazines.
In an effort to regain his title of nobility by all possible means, Afanasy Fet went to serve as a non-commissioned officer. Then, in 1853, in Fet's life, there is a transition to the Guards Regiment. Creativity Fet even in those days does not stand still. In 1850, his second collection was published, in 1856 - the third.
In 1857 the poet marries Maria Botkina. Having retired in 1858, without having achieved the return of the title, he acquires land, devotes himself to housekeeping.
Fet's new works, published from 1862 to 1871, make up the cycles "From the Village", "Notes on Freelance Labor". They include novels, short stories, essays. Afanasy Afanasievich Fet strictly distinguishes between his prose and poetry. Poetry is romantic for him, and prose is realistic.
Nikolai Nekrasov wrote about Fet: “A person who understands poetry and willingly opens his soul to its sensations, in no Russian author, after Pushkin, will draw as much poetic pleasure as Mr. Fet will give him.”
last years of life
In 1873, the title was returned to Afanasy Fet, as well as the surname Shenshin. After that, the poet is engaged in charity work. At this stage, the poems of Afanasy Fet are published in the collections "Evening Lights", of which four issues are published from 1883 to 1891. Fet's poetry contains mainly two themes: nature, love.
Death overtook the poet on November 21, 1892 in Moscow in his house on Plyushchikha. Fet died of a heart attack. Afanasy Afanasyevich was buried in the Shenshin family estate in the village. Kleymenovo, Oryol Gubernia.
Chronological table
Other biography options
- In addition to composing poems, Fet was engaged in translations until his old age. He owns translations of both parts of Goethe's Faust. He even planned to translate Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, but he abandoned this idea and took up the translation of the works of Arthur Schopenhauer.
- The poet experienced a tragic love for Maria Lazich, a fan of his work. This girl was educated and very talented. Their feelings were mutual, but the couple failed to connect their destinies. Maria died, and the poet remembered his unhappy love all his life, which influenced his work. It was to her that he dedicated the poem "Talisman", the poems "Old Letters", "You suffered, I still suffer ...", "No, I have not changed. To deep old age ... ”and other poems.
- Some researchers of Fet's life believe that the poet's death from a heart attack was preceded by a suicide attempt.
- It was Fet who was the author of the famous phrase that was included in the "Adventures of Pinocchio"