Muslim funerals: traditions and customs, stages of funeral. We see off on the last journey, or how Muslims are buried. How to read Muslim prayers correctly
The traditions of marriage in Islam have remained unchanged for many centuries. The Koran, the holy book of Muslims, says that the creation of a family is one of the main commandments of the Almighty. To this day, young men and women are in awe of the most important marriage ritual - the wedding ceremony.
The traditional Muslim wedding ceremony is called nikah. In accordance with religious traditions, all the faithful, when concluding a family union, go through this ceremony, otherwise the marriage will be considered invalid. This means that the joint residence of spouses without nikah, from the point of view of Islam, is illegal, and children will be born in sin.
In modern society, the fact of performing nikah is confirmed by a document that has no legal force. Despite this, Muslims continue to sacredly honor and observe the custom of their ancestors.
Nikah is a rite prescribed by Sharia (a set of rules regarding the life of Muslims, and based on the observance of the Koran). It symbolizes the sacred conclusion of marriage between a man and a woman. Its essence is not only in acquiring the right to legal family relations, living together, living and having children, but also in taking mutual obligations.
They are seriously preparing for nikah. First of all, young people communicate their intention to get married to their parents in order to receive their blessing. Long before the wedding ceremony, future spouses discuss the most important moments of their life together and their expectations from each other. So, a girl can warn her future husband that she intends to get an education, and only after that consider the issue of having children.
Muslims believe that all important issues, even the most intimate ones, should be discussed before marriage. to avoid unpleasant surprises in the future. Modern youth does not consider it immodest to come to their own nikah with a marriage contract in their hands, which is read out in front of witnesses, in the presence of a clergyman, during the ceremony. 
Conditions for Nikah
In Islam, there is a clear regulation of the rules and conditions for entering into a religious marriage:
- nikah is concluded exclusively by mutual agreement of a man and a woman;
- future spouses must reach marriageable age;
- it is unacceptable that they be closely related;
- at the ceremony, the presence of a man from among the closest relatives of the bride, who acts as a guardian: father, brother or uncle, is obligatory. When this is not possible, other adult male Muslims are invited;
- the ceremony always takes place with male witnesses from each of the future spouses;
- the groom must certainly pay the mahr (money as a wedding gift) to the bride. The amount depends on her desire. Modern Muslims often replace money with expensive jewelry, valuable property or real estate.
Interesting! According to Islamic tradition, mahr should not be excessive or too small.
The conditions for concluding a nikah are in many ways reminiscent of those that are customary to observe during secular registration of marriage. This suggests that they have passed the test of time and repeatedly confirmed their worth.
The ideal wife for a Muslim
Muslim men are extremely responsible in choosing their future wife. For them it is important that the girl:
- was healthy and pious;
- received a highly moral education;
- well versed in the Islamic religion.
It is desirable that she was still beautiful and rich. However, the faithful honor the warnings of the Prophet that it is wrong to make the external attractiveness of a woman and her level of wealth the main criteria. The prophet warned that external beauty could in the future have a detrimental effect on spiritual qualities, and wealth could become a cause of disobedience.
Criteria for choosing a future wife are based on the goals of creating a family because marriage is for:
- creating a harmonious union of loving people;
- birth and upbringing of children.
From this point of view, the parameters that Muslim men are guided by when choosing a life partner look quite logical.
Henna night
An Islamic woman has the right to marry more than once, but there is only one night of henna, 1-2 days before the first nikah. It symbolizes the separation of a girl from her stepfather's house and unmarried friends, and also means the beginning of a new life in the status of a wife, a married lady. In fact, “henna night” is a bachelorette party.
By tradition, the assembled women sing sad songs, and the bride cries. It is generally accepted that the more tears shed that night, the more successful and happier the upcoming marriage will be. In the old days, marriage really gave rise to sobs, because a young woman was separated from her relatives for a long time (sometimes forever). She was worried about moving into the family of the groom, with whom she might even be unfamiliar.
Now a lot has changed. The brides are no longer sad, but openly rejoice, singing and dancing. Often "henna night" takes place in a restaurant with cheerful music, held for the bride and her bridesmaids.
The traditional Muslim ritual opens with the "lighting of the henna". The groom's mother brings in a beautiful tray of henna and burning candles. This symbolizes the ardent mutual love of the future newlyweds. The event is attended by friends and relatives of the bride - elegant, with beautiful hairstyles. The hero of the occasion, as expected, is dressed in a luxurious red dress, and her head is covered with an elegant red veil. Guests sing songs and dance.
The future mother-in-law puts a gold coin into the palm of her son's bride and holds it tightly. At this point, the girl must make a wish. The hand is painted with henna and a special red bag is put on it. 
Then all the women present are decorated with patterns from a mixture of henna. An ornate pattern is applied, as a rule, on the hands. It is believed that this contributes to a happy marriage and a long family life. Unmarried young girls prefer a small ornament, often applying paint only to their fingertips - this is how they emphasize their modesty and innocence. Older women and those who already have a family richly paint their palms, hands, and sometimes feet.
The rite of nikah can take place in any language. The main thing is that the groom, bride and witnesses understand the meaning of what was said and what is happening.
At the beginning of the ceremony, the mullah announces a sermon:
- about the significance of the marriage union and the mutual responsibility of the spouses to each other;
- about the importance of a decent upbringing of offspring.
Traditionally, a relative of the bride during the ceremony asks her consent to marriage. At the same time, the silence of the bride does not mean that she objects. Spiritual traditions allow that being a virgin, the future wife may simply be too shy to express her “yes” out loud. 
If a woman does not want to marry, no one has the right to force her to do so. This applies to both relatives and the groom himself or representatives of the clergy. Forced marriage is considered a great sin in Islam. When the bride and groom express mutual consent, the imam or mullah announces that the marriage has been concluded. After that, excerpts from the Koran are read and prayers are offered for the happiness and well-being of the young family.
Important! In accordance with spiritual tradition, it is recommended to end nikah with a feast, to which many guests are called and plentiful treats are served.
Marriage for Muslims is not just a beautiful custom. In accordance with the wills of the Prophet, men who are able and willing to marry should do so. The concept of "opportunity" includes:
- normal physical and mental health;
- awareness of moral responsibility for the family and willingness to accept it;
- the required level of material security;
- literacy in matters of religion.
Muslims, not without reason, believe that the observance of these rules is an indispensable condition for happiness and harmony in marriage. 
Nikah with a Christian
Islam does not forbid Muslim men to marry Christian and Jewish women. At the same time, a woman is not obliged to change her faith, and forcing her to do so is considered a sin. However, it is desirable that in the future family members adhere to the same religion. This will avoid many disagreements in living together, including in matters of raising children.
Nikah with a girl of a different faith is carried out in compliance with all traditions, but at the same time there is a number of features:
- witnesses from the side of the bride must be Muslims, since the presence of representatives of other religions during the ceremony is unacceptable;
- the girl must be dressed in accordance with Islamic rules;
- when performing nikah, the bride says a special prayer - shahada - and receives a second (Muslim) name.
Interesting! Islamic women are only allowed to marry Muslims. They can create a family with representatives of other faiths only if the future husband converts to Islam.
Rite in the mosque
It is advisable to plan the marriage ceremony for Friday evening. Usually, Muslims perform nikah a few days before the secular procedure for registering a marriage.
Fees
It all starts with the fact that each of the future spouses, while still at home, completely washes the body and puts on formal attire. At the same time, it is long, closed and not tight-fitting, and the headdress (veil or scarf) completely covers the hair. For this reason, Muslim brides are spared the need to spend long hours at the hairdresser's on the eve of the ceremony.
As for the suit of the groom, modern men do not attach special importance to it, often choosing the usual "deuce". Recently, there has been a trend to order a special frock coat, under which classic trousers and shoes are selected.
A prayer is offered in the parental home, the young ask and receive the blessing of their father and mother, after which the bride and groom, each accompanied by their parents, go to the ceremony. Traditionally, the nikah ceremony takes place in a mosque, but it is not forbidden to get married at home, where a representative of the clergy is specially invited.
Ceremony
The ceremony begins with a sermon read by a mullah or an imam. 
Further:
- prayers for the happiness and well-being of the new family follow;
- the mahr is voiced, which the girl often receives right there;
- the groom prays for the good for the future wife and her protection from evil forces.
Having received mutual consent from the newlyweds, the mullah announces the marriage, after which the spouses exchange wedding rings. At the end of the ceremony, they are given a special certificate.
Rings
Important! According to the rules of Sharia, Muslim wedding rings must be only silver, without precious stones. For men, this condition is mandatory today, but women are allowed gold.
Jewelry firms offer a variety of options for wedding rings for nikah, the main decoration of which are words and phrases praising Allah. They can be inscribed both on the inside and on the outside of the decoration. Small, "modest" diamonds are increasingly sparkling on women's rings. 
Muslim banquet
After the wedding ceremony, the newlyweds and their guests go to a gala dinner. Wedding tables are set plentifully and varied. Musicians are invited to the event to create a special atmosphere of celebration. People are having fun and dancing.
It is allowed to invite friends and relatives to the wedding banquet, regardless of religion. Before the start of the feast, the guests give gifts to the newlyweds. Mostly money, special gold coins and expensive jewelry are presented as gifts.
According to Muslim tradition, there should be no alcohol and pork on the table. But sweets, fruits, juices and popular carbonated drinks are welcome. At the end of the gala dinner, the newly-made husband and wife leave for home.
Useful video
Regardless of religion, this is a sacred rite that gives a husband and wife a church blessing for a happy family life, the birth of children. About how the wedding takes place among Muslims, in the video:
Conclusion
Muslims hold sacred customs. The modern rite of nikah may differ among Turks and Arabs, Circassians and Tajiks, representatives of other peoples and nationalities. But what remains unchanged is that this ceremony is considered perhaps the most important in the life of every Muslim, because it gives rise to a new and happy family life.
Religious reading: what is the name of the Muslim prayer to help our readers.
Registered: Mar 29, 2012
(a) Friday afternoon prayer at the Mosque (Friday Prayer).
(b) Eid (holiday) prayer in 2 rak'ahs.
Noon (Zuhr) 2 rak'ahs 4 rak'ahs 2 rak'ahs
Daily (Asr) - 4 rak'ahs -
Until sunset (Maghrib) - 3 rak'ahs 2 rak'ahs
Night (Isha) - 4 rak'ahs 2 p + 1 or 3 (Vitr)
* Prayer "Vudu" is carried out in the time interval between the perfect ablution (Vudu) and before the Fard (obligatory) prayer in 2 rak'ahs.
* Additional prayer "Doha" is carried out in 2 rak'ahs after full sunrise and before noon.
* For the sake of showing respect for the mosque, it is performed in 2 rakahs immediately after entering the mosque.
Prayer in a state of need, in which the believer asks God for something special. It is performed in 2 rak'ahs, after which a request should follow.
Prayer for rain.
Prayer during lunar and solar eclipses is one of the signs of Allah. It is carried out in 2 rak'ahs.
Prayer "Istikhara" (Salatul-Istikhara), which is performed in 2 rak'ahs in those cases when the believer, intending to make a decision, turns to God with a request for help in making the right choice.
2. Not pronounced aloud: "Bismillah", which means In the name of Allah.
3. Start washing hands up to the hands - 3 times.
4. Rinse your mouth - 3 times.
5. Rinse your nose - 3 times.
6. Rinse your face - 3 times.
7. Wash the right hand up to the elbow - 3 times.
8. Wash the left hand up to the elbow - 3 times.
9. Wet your hands and run them through your hair - 1 time.
10. Simultaneously, with the index fingers of both hands, rub inside the ears, and with the thumbs behind the ears - 1 time.
11. Wash the right leg up to the ankle - 3 times.
12. Wash the left leg up to the ankle - 3 times.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said that the sins of that person will be washed away along with impure water, like drops falling from the tips of his nails, who, preparing himself for prayer, will pay due attention to ablution.
Discharge of blood or pus.
After menstruation or the postpartum period in women.
After an erotic dream causing wet dreams.
After the "Shahada" - statements about the adoption of the Islamic faith.
2. Wash your hands - 3 times.
3. Then the genitals are washed.
4. This is followed by the usual ablution, which is performed before prayer, except for the washing of the feet.
5. Then three full handfuls of water are poured over the head, while rubbing them with hands into the roots of the hair.
6. Abundant ablution of the whole body begins on the right side, then on the left.
For a woman, Ghusl is made in the same way as for a man. If her hair is braided, she must unplait it. After that, she only needs to throw three full handfuls of water on her head.
7. At the end, the legs are rinsed, first the right and then the left leg, thereby completing the stage of complete ablution.
2. Beat with hands on the ground (clean sand).
3. Shaking them off, at the same time run them over your face.
4. After that, with the left hand, hold along the upper part of the right hand, the same with the right hand, hold along the upper part of the left hand.
2. Zuhr - Midday prayer in 4 rak'ahs. Starts at noon and continues until the middle of the day.
3. Asr - Daily prayer in 4 rak'ahs. It starts in the middle of the day and continues until the sun just starts to set.
4. Maghrib - Evening prayer in 3 rak'ahs. It starts at sunset (it is forbidden to pray when the sun has completely set).
5. Isha - Night prayer in 4 rak'ahs. It starts at nightfall (full twilight) and continues until the middle of the night.
(2) Without speaking out loud, concentrate on the thought that you are going to perform such and such a prayer, as for example, I am going to perform the Fajr prayer for the sake of Allah, that is, the morning prayer.
(3) Raise arms bent at the elbows. The hands should be at ear level, saying:
"Allahu Akbar" - "Allah is Great"
(4) Grab your left arm with your right hand, placing them on your chest. Then say:
1. Al-Hamdu Lillayahi Rabbil-Aalamieen
2. Ar-Rahmaani r-Rahim.
3. Maliki Yaumid-Dein.
4. Iyaka na-budu Wa Iyaka nasta-yin.
5. Ikhdina s-syraatal-Mustakyim.
6. Siraatal-Lyazina an'amta alei-khim.
7. Gairil Magduubi alei-khim Valad Doo-lin.
2. Gracious, Merciful.
3. Lord of the Day of Retribution!
4. You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help.
5. Lead us to the straight path,
6. The way of those whom You have bestowed with Your blessings.
7. By the way of those whom You have favored, not of those on whom anger fell, and not of those who went astray
3. Lam-Yalid-valam yulad
4. Wa-lam yakul-lahu-Kufu-uan Ahad.
1. Say: “He is Allah - One,
2. Allah is Eternal (only the One in whom I will need to infinity).
5. He did not give birth and was not born
6. And there is no one equal to Him.
The hands should rest on the knees. Then say:
In this case, the hands of both hands touch the floor first, then the knees, forehead and nose follow. The toes rest on the floor. In this position, you should say:
2. As-Salayama alaika Ayukhan-nabiyu wa rahmatu Llaahi wa barakyatuh.
3. Assalamu Aleyna wa ala ibaadi Llaahi-salikhin
4. Ashhadu Allaya ilaha ilallahu
5. Va ashhadu Anna Muhammadan Abduhu va Rasuulukh.
2. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings.
3. Peace to us, as well as to all the righteous servants of Allah.
4. I testify that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah.
5. And I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.
2. Wa alay Ali Muhammad
3. Kama sallayta alaya Ibrahim
4. Wa alaya ali Ibrahim
5. Wa Baariq Aliyah Muhammadin
6. Wa alay Ali Muhammad
7. Kamaa Barakta alaya Ibrahiima
8. Wa alaya ali Ibrahim
9. Innakya Hamidun Majiid.
3. Just as You blessed Ibrahim
5. And send blessings to Muhammad
7. Just as You blessed Ibrahim
9. Truly, all Praise and Glory belongs to You!
2. Innal Insana Lafi Khusr
3. Illya-Lyazina to Aman
4. Wa Amilyu-salihati, Wa Tawasa-u Bil-hakki
5. Va Tavasa-u Bissabre.
1. I swear by the afternoon
2. Verily, every man is at a loss,
3. Except those who believe
4. Doing righteous deeds
5. Commanded one another the truth and commanded one another patience!
2. Fasal-li Lirabbikya Van-har
3. Inna Shani-aka huval abtar
1. We have given you Abundance (Innumerable blessings, including the river in Paradise, which is called al-Kawthar).
2. Therefore, pray for the sake of your Lord and slaughter the sacrifice.
3. Verily, your hater will himself be childless.
1. Iza jaa nasrul Allahi wa fath
2. Waraaytan nassa yad-khuluna fi Dinil-Allahi Afwaja
3. Fa-Sabbih bihamdi Rabika Was-tag-firh
4. Inna-khu Kaanna Tavvaaba.
1. When the help of Allah comes and victory comes;
2. When you see how crowds of people convert to the religion of Allah,
3. Give praise to your Lord and ask His forgiveness.
4. Verily, He is the Accepter of repentance.
1. Kul Auuzu Birabbil - Falyak
2. Min Sharri maa halyak
3. Wa min sharri gaasikyn iza Wakab
4. Wa min sharri Naffassati fil Ukad
5. Wa min sharri Haasidin iz Hasad.
1. Say: "I resort to the protection of the Lord of the dawn,
2. From the evil of what He created.
3. From the evil of darkness when it comes
4. From the evil of conjurers who spit on knots,
5. From the evil of the envious when he envies.
1. Kul Auuzu Birabbi n-naas
2. Maalikin naas
4. Min sharril Vaswasil-hannaas
5. Allusions yu-vasu fi suduurin-naas
6. Minal-Jinnati van-naas.
"In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful"
1. Say: “I resort to the protection of the Lord of people,
4. from the evil of the tempter retreating (or shrinking) at the remembrance of Allah,
5. Who causes confusion in the hearts of men,
6. And it happens from jinn and people.
“They have believed, and their hearts are comforted by the remembrance of Allah. Is it not the remembrance of Allah that comforts the hearts? (Quran 13:28) “If My servants ask you about Me, then I am near and I answer the call of the prayer when he calls to Me.” (Quran 2:186)
The Prophet (M.E.I.B)* called on all Muslims to mention the Name of Allah after each prayer as follows:
Wahdahu Laya Sharika lyah
Laahul Mulku, wa Laahul Hamdu
Wahuva alaya kully shayin kadir
There are many other wonderful prayers that can be learned by heart. A Muslim must pronounce them throughout the day and night, thereby maintaining constant contact with his Creator. The author chose only those that are simpler and easier to remember.
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What is the name of the person who calls Muslims to prayer?
Calls Muslims to prayer muezzin(translated from Arabic as "announcing").
A Muslim muezzin with a beautiful voice and an impeccable reputation.
According to Islamic law, every Muslim is obliged to pray and praise Allah five times a day. Namely, morning, noon, afternoon, evening and night.
So here Before the beginning of each prayer, the muezzin announces to Muslims the beginning of the prayer. The call is heard from the minarets. Heard clearly. The announcer faces Mecca, and stick your fingers in your ears pronounces(as if singing) AZAN(call).
In some mosques, it is not the muezzin who calls for prayer, but a recorded voice heard through speakers.
I spent the summer with my grandmother in a Muslim village, the house was located near the mosque, and every morning I woke up from a call that was impossible not to hear. It really sounded beautiful. The call was heard through the speakers.
And further. In different cities of the world prayer times may vary. It all depends on the geographical location, longitude, latitude and time of year. Therefore, even within the same Muslim country, the time for prayer may differ, for example, within half an hour.
A muezzin is convened by Muslims for prayer (namaz)
Muslim prayers
Muslim prayers are the basis of the life of every true believer. With their help, any believer maintains contact with the Almighty. The Muslim tradition provides not only the obligatory five times daily prayers, but also personal appeals to God at any time, through the reading of the dua. For a pious Muslim, praying both in joy and in sorrow is a characteristic feature of a righteous life. No matter what difficulties the faithful face, he knows that Allah always remembers him and will protect him if he prays to him and glorifies the Almighty.
The Quran is the holy book of the Muslim people
The Koran is the main book in the Muslim religion, it is the basis of the Muslim faith. The name of the holy book comes from the Arabic word "reading aloud", it can also be translated as "edification". Muslims are very sensitive to the Koran and believe that the holy book is the direct speech of Allah, and it has existed forever. According to the law of Islam, the Quran can only be taken in clean hands.
The faithful believe that the Koran was written down by the disciples of Muhammad from the words of the prophet himself. And the transfer of the Koran to believers was carried out through the angel Jabrail. Muhammad's first revelation came when he was 40 years old. After that, for 23 years he received other revelations at different times and in different places. The latter was received by him in the year of his death. All the suras were written down by the companions of the prophet, but for the first time they were put together after the death of Muhammad - during the reign of the first caliph Abu Bakr.
For some time, Muslims used separate suras in order to pray to Allah. Only after Osman became the third Caliph did he order the systematization of individual records and the creation of a single book (644-656). Collected together, all the suras made up the canonical text of the holy book, which has survived unchanged to this day. The systematization was carried out in the first place, according to the records of Muhammad's companion - Zayd. According to legend, it was in this order that the prophet bequeathed the suras for use.
During the day, every Muslim should pray five times:
- Morning prayer is performed in the period from dawn to sunrise;
- The midday prayer is performed during the period when the sun is at its zenith until the moment when the length of the shadows reaches their height;
- The evening prayer is read from the moment when the length of the shadows reaches their height until sunset;
- Prayer at sunset is performed in the period from sunset to the moment when the evening dawn goes out;
- Prayers at dusk are read between the evening and morning dawn.
This five times prayer is called prayer. In addition, there are other prayers in the Koran that the faithful can read at any time if necessary. Islam offers prayers for all occasions. For example, Muslims often use prayer to repent of sins. Special prayers are read before eating and when leaving or entering the house.
The Koran consists of 114 chapters, which are revelations and are called suras. Each sura includes separate short statements that reveal the aspect of divine wisdom - verses. There are 6500 of them in the Koran. At the same time, the second sura is the longest, it has 286 verses. On average, each individual verse contains from 1 to 68 words.
The meaning of the suras is very diverse. There are biblical stories, mythological scenes and descriptions of certain historical events. Great importance in the Qur'an is given to the fundamentals of Islamic law.
For ease of reading, the holy book is divided as follows:
- Into thirty parts of approximately the same size - juz;
- Into sixty smaller parts - hizbs.
To simplify the reading of the Qur'an during the week, there is also a conditional division into seven manazils.
The Quran, as the sacred scripture of one of the most significant world religions, contains advice and instructions necessary for a believer. The Qur'an allows each person to communicate directly with God. But despite this, people sometimes forget what they should do and how they should live right. Therefore, the Koran prescribes to obey the divine laws and the will of God himself.
How to read Muslim prayers correctly
It is recommended to perform prayer in a place specially designated for prayer. But this condition must be met only if there is such a possibility. Men and women pray separately. If this is not possible, then the woman should not say the prayer words aloud so as not to distract the man.
A prerequisite for prayer is ritual purity, therefore, before prayer, ablution is mandatory. The praying person should be dressed in clean clothes and face the Muslim shrine of the Kaaba. He must have a sincere intention to pray.
Muslim prayer is performed on your knees on a special rug. It is in Islam that much attention is paid to the visual design of prayer. For example, the soles of the feet while pronouncing the sacred words must be kept in such a way that the socks are not directed in different directions. Hands should be crossed on the chest. It is necessary to bow so that the legs do not bend, and the feet remain straight.
The earthly bow must be performed as follows:
- Get on your knees;
- bend over;
- kiss the floor;
- Freeze for a certain time in this position.
Any prayer - an appeal to Allah, should sound confident. But at the same time, you should understand that the solution of all your problems depends on God.
Muslim prayers can only be used by the faithful. But if you need to pray for a Muslim, then you can do this with the help of an Orthodox prayer. But it should be remembered that this can only be done at home.
But even in this case, it is necessary to add the words at the end of the prayer:
It is necessary to perform prayer only in Arabic, but all other prayers are allowed to be read in translation.
Below is an example of performing the morning prayer in Arabic and translated into Russian:
- The prayer turns towards Mecca and begins the prayer with the words: “Allahu Akbar”, which means: “Allah is the Greatest.” This phrase is called "takbir". After that, the worshiper folds his hands on his chest, while the right hand should be on top of the left.
- Next, the Arabic words “A`uzzu3 billaḣi mina-shshaytani-rrajim” are pronounced, which means “I turn to Allah for protection from the damned shaitan.”
- Surah al-Fatiha is then read:
You should know that if any Muslim prayer is read in Russian, then it is imperative to delve into the meaning of the phrases spoken. It is very useful to listen to audio recordings of Muslim prayers in the original, downloading them for free from the Internet. This will help you learn how to pronounce prayers correctly with the right intonation.
Variants of Arabic prayers
In the Quran, Allah says to the faithful: "Call Me with dua - and I will help you." Dua means "prayer" in translation. And this way is one of the types of worship to Allah. With the help of the dua, the faithful cry out to Allah and turn to God with certain requests, both for themselves and for their loved ones. For any Muslim, dua is considered a very powerful weapon. But at the same time, it is very important that any prayer comes from the heart.
Dua from corruption and evil eye
Islam completely denies magic, so witchcraft is considered a sin. Dua from corruption and the evil eye is perhaps the only way to protect yourself from negativity. You need to read such appeals to Allah at night, from midnight to dawn.
The best place to turn to Allah with a dua from corruption and the evil eye is the desert. But, it is clear that this is not a prerequisite. This is commonly believed, because in such a place a believer can absolutely retire and no one and nothing will interfere with communication with God. To read the dua from corruption and the evil eye, a separate room in the house, which no one will enter, is quite suitable.
An important condition: this type of dua should be read only if you are sure that you have a negative impact. If you are haunted by minor failures, then you should not pay attention to them, since they can be sent to you from heaven as retribution for any misconduct.
The evil eye and damage will help to overcome effective duas:
- The first sura of the Qur'an Al-Fatih, consisting of 7 verses;
- 112 suras of the Qur'an Al-Ikhlas, consisting of 4 verses;
- 113 suras of the Qur'an Al-Falyak, consisting of 5 verses;
- 114 sura of the Qur'an An-Nas.
Conditions for reading a dua from corruption and evil eye:
- The text must be read in the original language;
- During the action, you should hold the Koran in your hands;
- During prayer, you need to be in a sound and sober mind, in no case, before you start praying, do not drink alcohol;
- Thoughts during the prayer ritual should be pure, and the mood positive. You need to give up the desire to take revenge on your offenders;
- It is impossible to interchange the places of the above suras;
- It is necessary to carry out the ritual of getting rid of damage at night during the week.
The first sura is the opening one. It glorifies God:
The text of the prayer is as follows:
Surah Al-Ihlyas deals with human sincerity, eternity, as well as the power and superiority of Allah over everything on the sinful earth.
112 sura of the Qur'an Al-Ikhlyas:
The words of the dua are as follows:
In Surah Al-Falyak, the believer asks Allah to give the whole world a dawn that will be a salvation from everything dashing. Prayer words help to get rid of all negativity and expel evil spirits.
113 surah of the Qur'an Al-Falyak:
The words of the prayer are:
Surah An-Nas contains prayer words concerning all people. By pronouncing them, the believer begs for protection from Allah for himself and his relatives.
114 surah of the Qur'an An-Nas:
The words of the prayer sound like this:
Dua for cleansing the house
In the life of every person, the house occupies a significant place. Therefore, housing always needs reliable protection at all levels. There are certain surahs in the Qur'an that will allow this to be done.
The Quran contains a very strong universal prayer-amulet from the Prophet Muhammad, which must be said in the morning and evening every day. It can be conditionally considered a prophylactic, as it will protect the believer and his house from shaitans and other evil spirits.
Listen to the dua for cleansing the house:
In Arabic, the prayer sounds like this:
This prayer is translated as follows:
Ayat 255 Al-Kursi of Surah Al-Baqarah is considered the most powerful for protecting the house. Its text has a deep meaning with a mystical orientation. In this verse, in accessible words, the Lord speaks to people about Himself, he points out that He cannot be compared with anything, and with anyone in the world he created. Reading this verse, a person reflects on its meaning and comprehends its meaning. When pronouncing prayer words, the heart of the believer is filled with sincere conviction and faith that Allah will help him resist the evil machinations of Satan and protect his house.
The words of the prayer are as follows:
Translation into Russian sounds like this:
Muslim prayer for good luck
The Quran contains a lot of suras that are used as prayers for good luck. They can be used every day. In this way, you can protect yourself from all sorts of domestic troubles. There is a saying that you should cover your mouth while yawning. Otherwise, the devil can penetrate you and start harming you. In addition, one should remember the advice of the Prophet Muhammad - in order for adversity to bypass a person, you need to keep your own body in ritual purity. It is believed that an angel protects a pure person and asks Allah for mercy for him.
Before reading the next prayer, it is imperative to conduct a ritual washing.
The text of the prayer in Arabic is as follows:
This prayer will help to cope with any difficulties and bring good luck into the life of a believer.
Its text translated into Russian is as follows:
You can choose surahs from the Koran according to their content, listening to your own intuition. It is important to pray in full concentration, realizing that the will of Allah must be obeyed.
Miraculous words: the evening prayer among Muslims is what is called in the full description from all the sources we found.
In Islam, the five daily prayers
Muslim religious rite, a prayer consisting of reading passages from the Koran
Daily five times prayer
Daily five times Muslim prayer
The mullah calls to him from the minaret
M. Muslim lesson prayer. At sunset, the Tatars send their prayers. Prayer, pertaining to prayer
Prayer in the mosque
Prayer from the verses of the Koran
Prayer at the behest of the muezzin
Prayer after adhan
Muslim. rite with “oil” name
Muslim ritual with an "oil" name
Muslim rite, daily 5 times prayer with reading passages from the Koran
Mandatory prayer five times in Islam
Five times prayer in Islam
Salad, but not a dish of vegetables, but worship
Say "Prayer" in Persian
Muslim. rite with an "oil" name
Muslim rite with an "oil" name
Say "Prayer" in Persian
It is preceded by ablution (among Muslims)
Basic prayers of Muslims
The doctrine of Islam is based on some aspects according to which there is an Orthodox Muslim. There are only five such aspects (about them a little later), and every person who has accepted the teachings of Muslims is obliged to adhere to them. Many Muslim prayers are also dedicated to them.
The main concept of Islam is the commandments that call to honor Allah and worship him as the only and all-powerful. And the last prophet Muhammad gives correct instructions to the believer on how to strictly observe them. Surahs from the Koran are help to the faithful, where he can find the answer to any of his questions. The reward for the works of the believer will be represented by paradise, which Islam also tells in detail.
Muslim prayers: types and rules
Many people know that Islam will start on five pillars: shahad (the testimony of Allah), namaz (is the obligatory prayer of Muslims), zakat (donation), saum (observance of the holy fast of Ramadan) and hajj (pilgrimage to holy Mecca). And a faithful Muslim is simply obliged to adhere to the implementation of each of these pillars. And if the faithful perform Shahada or Hajj only once in their lives, prayer must be observed every day to the fullest extent of the instructions.
Islamic prayer is called the daily obligatory five times prayer, which is read by every orthodox Muslim at a certain time of the day in a mosque or at home. The rite can be performed both in a team and independently.
During the prayer, the believer reads the surahs from the Koran and the dua.
They can have a different purpose, for example, to protect the believer from the machinations of shaitans, or simply to praise Allah.
Before each prayer, the believer carries out a series of steady actions, namely, he washes his face, hands and feet, cleanses the prayer place, clothes, thoughts and soul.
All Muslim prayers always begin with the call "Azan", which portends to every legitimate Muslim that the time has come for prayer. When Islamic prayer is performed, believers pray on a special prayer rug with the qibla facing towards the Kaaba and Mecca. All major prayers are performed exclusively in Arabic.
As the Muslim custom shows, the merciful Allah established five daily Islamic prayers before ascending to heaven as the great Prophet Muhammad. He embodied in himself the main sign of faith and the main condition for the success of a Muslim.
If a devout Muslim deliberately and unjustifiably ignores prayer, then he will be severely punished, as this is a fundamental and immutable principle of Islam.
Only by correctly reading the fivefold prayer of Muslims, a person has the right to enter into direct communication with God, renewing his will with Him.
Because of this, the Qur'an has a certain prayer cycle, which includes the prayers "as-Subh" (morning), "az-Zuhr" (noon), "al-Asr" (afternoon), "al-Maghrib" (evening ) and "al-Isha" (night).
All of the above prayers are read in accordance with a certain time of day.
For all faithful Muslims, prayer is very significant, and the fivefold prayer is deeply revered by all who represent Islam and its currents around the world. Each fivefold prayer, which the Muslim Quran itself bequeaths, is deeply revered by all followers of Islam.
It is very important for all Muslims to read Muslim prayers correctly. Communication with Allah should give a person courage and lead him to a righteous life. Prayer Islam is one of the five foundations of Islam, so it is extremely important to read prayers in Tatar or Arabic.
It is necessary to pray in a clean space, this also applies to the cleanliness of the body and clothing. Therefore, every time before a prayer reading, both in Russian and in Arabic, perform the rite of ablution. The body must be properly covered. For men, nudity in Islam is represented by bareness of the body from the navel to the knees, and for women, the entire body, except for the face and palms.
This sacred mosque is the main shrine of Muslims around the world.
Always choose the right time for prayer. And offer every prayer at the proper time. A certain short time is allotted for reading each of the prayers, which is determined by the position of the sun. In terms of time, reading namaz from beginning to end does not take more than ten minutes. And these five daily prayers are called faj, zuhr, asr, maghrib and isha.
Muslim prayers: comments
Comments - 2,
Every self-respecting Muslim observes prayer every day, wherever he is. Mosques are not in every city, but this is not a hindrance to a true believer. In Russia, many companies meet Muslims halfway, giving them the opportunity to freely perform namaz.
I believe that it is very correct to purify the body, soul and thoughts before prayer. This makes it possible to open up before the Almighty and appear before Him as you are.
Why 2.2 billion Christians do not require special treatment when praying in the army, on trips. Don't show off, faith is within everyone.
Muslim prayer or how to perform namaz
Registered: Mar 29, 2012
(a) Friday afternoon prayer at the Mosque (Friday Prayer).
(b) Eid (holiday) prayer in 2 rak'ahs.
Noon (Zuhr) 2 rak'ahs 4 rak'ahs 2 rak'ahs
Daily (Asr) - 4 rak'ahs -
Until sunset (Maghrib) - 3 rak'ahs 2 rak'ahs
Night (Isha) - 4 rak'ahs 2 p + 1 or 3 (Vitr)
* Prayer "Vudu" is carried out in the time interval between the perfect ablution (Vudu) and before the Fard (obligatory) prayer in 2 rak'ahs.
* Additional prayer "Doha" is carried out in 2 rak'ahs after full sunrise and before noon.
* For the sake of showing respect for the mosque, it is performed in 2 rakahs immediately after entering the mosque.
Prayer in a state of need, in which the believer asks God for something special. It is performed in 2 rak'ahs, after which a request should follow.
Prayer for rain.
Prayer during lunar and solar eclipses is one of the signs of Allah. It is carried out in 2 rak'ahs.
Prayer "Istikhara" (Salatul-Istikhara), which is performed in 2 rak'ahs in those cases when the believer, intending to make a decision, turns to God with a request for help in making the right choice.
2. Not pronounced aloud: "Bismillah", which means In the name of Allah.
3. Start washing hands up to the hands - 3 times.
4. Rinse your mouth - 3 times.
5. Rinse your nose - 3 times.
6. Rinse your face - 3 times.
7. Wash the right hand up to the elbow - 3 times.
8. Wash the left hand up to the elbow - 3 times.
9. Wet your hands and run them through your hair - 1 time.
10. Simultaneously, with the index fingers of both hands, rub inside the ears, and with the thumbs behind the ears - 1 time.
11. Wash the right leg up to the ankle - 3 times.
12. Wash the left leg up to the ankle - 3 times.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said that the sins of that person will be washed away along with impure water, like drops falling from the tips of his nails, who, preparing himself for prayer, will pay due attention to ablution.
Discharge of blood or pus.
After menstruation or the postpartum period in women.
After an erotic dream causing wet dreams.
After the "Shahada" - statements about the adoption of the Islamic faith.
2. Wash your hands - 3 times.
3. Then the genitals are washed.
4. This is followed by the usual ablution, which is performed before prayer, except for the washing of the feet.
5. Then three full handfuls of water are poured over the head, while rubbing them with hands into the roots of the hair.
6. Abundant ablution of the whole body begins on the right side, then on the left.
For a woman, Ghusl is made in the same way as for a man. If her hair is braided, she must unplait it. After that, she only needs to throw three full handfuls of water on her head.
7. At the end, the legs are rinsed, first the right and then the left leg, thereby completing the stage of complete ablution.
2. Beat with hands on the ground (clean sand).
3. Shaking them off, at the same time run them over your face.
4. After that, with the left hand, hold along the upper part of the right hand, the same with the right hand, hold along the upper part of the left hand.
2. Zuhr - Midday prayer in 4 rak'ahs. Starts at noon and continues until the middle of the day.
3. Asr - Daily prayer in 4 rak'ahs. It starts in the middle of the day and continues until the sun just starts to set.
4. Maghrib - Evening prayer in 3 rak'ahs. It starts at sunset (it is forbidden to pray when the sun has completely set).
5. Isha - Night prayer in 4 rak'ahs. It starts at nightfall (full twilight) and continues until the middle of the night.
(2) Without speaking out loud, concentrate on the thought that you are going to perform such and such a prayer, as for example, I am going to perform the Fajr prayer for the sake of Allah, that is, the morning prayer.
(3) Raise arms bent at the elbows. The hands should be at ear level, saying:
"Allahu Akbar" - "Allah is Great"
(4) Grab your left arm with your right hand, placing them on your chest. Then say:
1. Al-Hamdu Lillayahi Rabbil-Aalamieen
2. Ar-Rahmaani r-Rahim.
3. Maliki Yaumid-Dein.
4. Iyaka na-budu Wa Iyaka nasta-yin.
5. Ikhdina s-syraatal-Mustakyim.
6. Siraatal-Lyazina an'amta alei-khim.
7. Gairil Magduubi alei-khim Valad Doo-lin.
2. Gracious, Merciful.
3. Lord of the Day of Retribution!
4. You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help.
5. Lead us to the straight path,
6. The way of those whom You have bestowed with Your blessings.
7. By the way of those whom You have favored, not of those on whom anger fell, and not of those who went astray
3. Lam-Yalid-valam yulad
4. Wa-lam yakul-lahu-Kufu-uan Ahad.
1. Say: “He is Allah - One,
2. Allah is Eternal (only the One in whom I will need to infinity).
5. He did not give birth and was not born
6. And there is no one equal to Him.
The hands should rest on the knees. Then say:
In this case, the hands of both hands touch the floor first, then the knees, forehead and nose follow. The toes rest on the floor. In this position, you should say:
2. As-Salayama alaika Ayukhan-nabiyu wa rahmatu Llaahi wa barakyatuh.
3. Assalamu Aleyna wa ala ibaadi Llaahi-salikhin
4. Ashhadu Allaya ilaha ilallahu
5. Va ashhadu Anna Muhammadan Abduhu va Rasuulukh.
2. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, the mercy of Allah and His blessings.
3. Peace to us, as well as to all the righteous servants of Allah.
4. I testify that there is no god worthy of worship except Allah.
5. And I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.
2. Wa alay Ali Muhammad
3. Kama sallayta alaya Ibrahim
4. Wa alaya ali Ibrahim
5. Wa Baariq Aliyah Muhammadin
6. Wa alay Ali Muhammad
7. Kamaa Barakta alaya Ibrahiima
8. Wa alaya ali Ibrahim
9. Innakya Hamidun Majiid.
3. Just as You blessed Ibrahim
5. And send blessings to Muhammad
7. Just as You blessed Ibrahim
9. Truly, all Praise and Glory belongs to You!
2. Innal Insana Lafi Khusr
3. Illya-Lyazina to Aman
4. Wa Amilyu-salihati, Wa Tawasa-u Bil-hakki
5. Va Tavasa-u Bissabre.
1. I swear by the afternoon
2. Verily, every man is at a loss,
3. Except those who believe
4. Doing righteous deeds
5. Commanded one another the truth and commanded one another patience!
2. Fasal-li Lirabbikya Van-har
3. Inna Shani-aka huval abtar
1. We have given you Abundance (Innumerable blessings, including the river in Paradise, which is called al-Kawthar).
2. Therefore, pray for the sake of your Lord and slaughter the sacrifice.
3. Verily, your hater will himself be childless.
1. Iza jaa nasrul Allahi wa fath
2. Waraaytan nassa yad-khuluna fi Dinil-Allahi Afwaja
3. Fa-Sabbih bihamdi Rabika Was-tag-firh
4. Inna-khu Kaanna Tavvaaba.
1. When the help of Allah comes and victory comes;
2. When you see how crowds of people convert to the religion of Allah,
3. Give praise to your Lord and ask His forgiveness.
4. Verily, He is the Accepter of repentance.
1. Kul Auuzu Birabbil - Falyak
2. Min Sharri maa halyak
3. Wa min sharri gaasikyn iza Wakab
4. Wa min sharri Naffassati fil Ukad
5. Wa min sharri Haasidin iz Hasad.
1. Say: "I resort to the protection of the Lord of the dawn,
2. From the evil of what He created.
3. From the evil of darkness when it comes
4. From the evil of conjurers who spit on knots,
5. From the evil of the envious when he envies.
1. Kul Auuzu Birabbi n-naas
2. Maalikin naas
4. Min sharril Vaswasil-hannaas
5. Allusions yu-vasu fi suduurin-naas
6. Minal-Jinnati van-naas.
"In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful"
1. Say: “I resort to the protection of the Lord of people,
4. from the evil of the tempter retreating (or shrinking) at the remembrance of Allah,
5. Who causes confusion in the hearts of men,
6. And it happens from jinn and people.
“They have believed, and their hearts are comforted by the remembrance of Allah. Is it not the remembrance of Allah that comforts the hearts? (Quran 13:28) “If My servants ask you about Me, then I am near and I answer the call of the prayer when he calls to Me.” (Quran 2:186)
The Prophet (M.E.I.B)* called on all Muslims to mention the Name of Allah after each prayer as follows:
Wahdahu Laya Sharika lyah
Laahul Mulku, wa Laahul Hamdu
Wahuva alaya kully shayin kadir
There are many other wonderful prayers that can be learned by heart. A Muslim must pronounce them throughout the day and night, thereby maintaining constant contact with his Creator. The author chose only those that are simpler and easier to remember.
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Islam: Muslim prayers for all occasions - read
The basis of Islam is the Koran - the book of revelations sent to the Prophet by Allah himself. The Qur'an is a collection of precepts and recommendations for every believing Muslim who is obliged to honorably endure all earthly trials in order to ascend to heaven after death and reunite in Paradise with Allah. Only prayers for every day can help Muslims in this.
Namaz: rules
In Islam there is a main prayer - Namaz. With its help, a person can keep a spiritual connection with Allah. According to the precepts of the Prophet, every Muslim believer must read namaz at least 5 times a day:
Reading Namaz helps Muslims to strengthen their faith in the Almighty, to cope with earthly temptations, to cleanse the soul from committed sins. Before prayer, a person is obliged to perform the rite of ablution and appear before his Creator absolutely clean.
If possible, then a person must perform namaz in a room specially designated for this. The Qur'an must be kept in a place where no other objects are placed above it.
Men and women should pray separately from each other. If for some reason it is necessary to pray together, then the woman does not have the right to pray out loud. Otherwise, a man will listen to a woman's voice, and this will distract him from communicating with Allah.
The most powerful prayer is the prayer performed in the Mosque. But you can perform prayer in any other place, since this rite is considered obligatory. Azan calls for the beginning of prayer for all Muslims. During the prayer, believers should face Mecca - the holy city for all Muslims.
There are a number of rules and conditions according to which prayer should be performed:
- ritual purity. A person has the right to start prayer only after ablution.
On every day
Prayer is a rather complex ritual., consisting of some actions of the praying person (bows, turns of the head, position of the hands) and the reading of the prayer itself. Children are taught to do this from an early age, and an adult, for example, one who has recently converted to Islam, should also touch the correct prayer.
For all believers there is a single prayer in Russian, which can be read at any time:
“O Allah! We appeal to Your help, we ask you to lead us on the right path, we ask You for forgiveness and repent. We believe and rely on You. We praise You in the best way. We thank you and do not deny. We reject and leave (leave) all those who commit lawlessness. Oh my God! We worship You alone, we pray, and before You we make prostrations. We strive for You and we go. We hope for Your mercy and we fear Your punishment. Verily, Your punishment befalls the godless!”
This prayer can be used by those Muslims who are not yet familiar with prayer.
After prayer they read:
“O Allah, help me to worthily mention You, worthily thank You and worship You in the best way.”
Some of the daily prayers
There are many options for Muslim prayers, and each of them is intended for a specific occasion or moment. The only thing that unites each of the prayers is a list of rules and actions that are not desirable or even forbidden to do during prayer:
- extraneous conversations and thoughts
- consumption of any food and drink (including chewing gum)
- it is forbidden to blow on anything
- make mistakes in prayer
- yawn and stretch
- perform prayer in someone else's house without the permission of the owner.
In addition, prayer is considered a violation, utterances during sunrise. Before the start of prayer, it is forbidden to stand in the second row of believers if there are empty seats in the first.
- Prayer for repentance of sins
“O Allah, You are my Lord! There is no God but You. You created me and I am Your servant. And I will try to justify the responsibility entrusted to me, to keep my word to the best of my ability and ability. I resort to You, moving away from all the evil that I have done. I acknowledge the blessings You have bestowed upon me, and I acknowledge my sin. Forgive me! Indeed, no one will forgive my mistakes except You.
“In the name of Allah Almighty! I trust only in Him. True power and strength belong only to Him.”
“I begin with the name of the Lord. O Most High, remove us from Satan and remove Satan from what You will give us!”
“O Almighty Allah! I am Your servant, the son of Your servant and Your handmaid. Dominion over me is in Your [right hand]. Your decision is unquestioningly carried out with respect to me and is just. I address You by all the names by which You have named Yourself or mentioned in Your Scripture or revealed to any of Your creations or by those [names] known only to You. [I turn to You in Your name] and ask that the Qur'an be the spring of my heart, the light of my soul and the reason for the disappearance of my sadness, the cessation of my anxiety.
The Muslim Ummah, like any community, has its own hierarchy, in which there are various titles, ranks and ranks. The main condition for their acquisition is the presence of knowledge and certain skills in religion.
Let's get acquainted with the main regalia that are found among the Muslim clergy.
1. Alim (Ulem)
This is an Arabic word that translates as "knowing", "possessing knowledge." This title is given to recognized and respected experts in the Islamic religion. As a rule, in every Muslim community there is a collective body - the Ulema Council, which makes decisions on certain issues (for example, on the beginning, the size of fitr-sadaq, etc.) The number of alims is not limited, since any devout can become one with the necessary amount of knowledge.
2. Akhund
The highest rank in Islam, which is given to the spiritual leaders of the regions of the country or large cities. In the post-Soviet space, as a rule, it is used in the variation "imam-akhund". In Russia, this title is held by several leaders of the regional spiritual administrations of Muslims. In addition, the first chairman of the Orenburg Mohammedan spiritual assembly, Mukhammedzhan Khusainov, was also an akhund before he was given the rank of mufti.
3. Ayatollah
A Shia religious title bestowed on a theologian of authority in the community, and also considered a major expert in Islamic sciences. The ayatollah has the right to independently issue fatwas (fatwas) - theological conclusions on religious issues.
The highest title in Shiism is the title of Grand Ayatollah, which is held by the most authoritative scholars. He is considered to be a kind of deputy, leading the Shia community on his behalf. In the modern world, this title is held by the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei, and the spiritual leader of the Iraqi Shiites, Ali Sistani.
4. Imam
Religious title, meaning the leader during the collective prayer. As a rule, heads of local religious communities and mosques are called imams. In addition, this status has historically been given to the heads of imamat states. Imam Shamil, who ruled the North Caucasian Imamate in the middle of the 19th century, can be considered the clearest example. If there are several imams in the mosque, then there is also a hierarchy between them, and one of them is called the first imam or imam-khatyb, and the rest are considered his deputies.
5. Ishan
A Sufi religious title held by spiritual guides. Ishans have the right to transfer their knowledge to students - murids. Any Muslim who has reached a certain level of enlightenment can become an ishan in the Sufi tradition. However, there are also such Sufi schools in which only the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) or his closest associates are called ishans. This practice gave rise to the emergence of entire dynasties of Ishans, which still exist today. One of the well-known ishans is Zainulla Rasulev - the sheikh of the Naqshbandi tariqat, the father of the chairman of the DUM of the European part of the USSR and Siberia, Mufti Gabdrakhman Rasulev.
6. Kadi (Kazy)
A title bestowed on Shariah judges. In the Middle Ages, qadis were very influential persons in Muslim states. They made not only judicial, but also a number of administrative decisions in their region. In the modern world, the powers of qadis are rather formal in nature, since in most Muslim countries Sharia courts have lost their power. Today they serve as advisors to muftis.
7. Molla (mulla, molda)
This is one of the most common titles among Muslim clerics. As a rule, the servants of the mosque, who are lower in status than the imam-hatib, are called mullahs. The main function of the mullah is to help local believers in performing religious rites. So, they read nikah, study, hold collective iftars, and so on.
8. Mujtahid (mojtahid)
The title given to scholars who have reached the level of ijtihad - a high authority in theology. It is believed that the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) were the owners of absolute ijtihad. Some theologians claim that true ijtihad existed for the first four centuries after the Hijra. It was during this period that many prominent Islamic theologians lived. However, even in later centuries, the Almighty gave the world many reputable scientists, such as Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani or Rizaitdin Fakhretdin, who made an invaluable contribution to the development of theological thought.
9. Mufassir (mofassir)
This is the name of the scientists-interpreters of the Holy Quran. The mufassir must be fluent in Arabic and know the history, as well as the meaning of the revelation of each verse. The first interpreters were the companions of the Prophet (s.g.v.) - Abdullah ibn Masud and Zayd ibn Thabit (r.a.). The most famous interpretations of the Holy Scriptures today are the tafsirs of Ibn Kathir and al-Saadi.
10. Mufti
The highest rank conferred on the most authoritative and knowledgeable religious figures. Muftis have the right to independently make theological conclusions on certain issues. In the modern world, they are generally considered the spiritual leaders of the Muslim ummah.
In some states, the dignity of a mufti coincides with the position of the head of a centralized religious organization (muftiyat or DUM). At the same time, in many countries the dignity of the mufti has one clergyman, and in a number of countries - several. It depends on the specifics of a particular region. In theocratic states, the post of mufti is considered one of the most authoritative in the state apparatus. In some communities, religious figures also have the rank of chief mufti, to which other muftis of the community are subordinate.
11. Muhtasib (imam-muhtasib)
The regalia of the clergy in Islam, who control the observance of Islamic norms in a certain territory. Today, muhtasibs are representatives of the head of the religious community at the local level. They also often head religious organizations in cities and appoint local imams.
12. Faqih
This title designates a specialist in the field of Islamic law, a jurist.
13. Hazrat
The religious status enjoyed by all Muslim clerics. As a rule, this word is used when respectfully referring to a religious figure.
14. Hafiz
This title is possessed by scientists who know. It is thanks to the hafiz that the Holy Book of Allah has come down to us in its original form.
15. Khojatul-Islam (Hujat al-Islam)
A Shia religious title bestowed on reputable theologians. So, the leader of the Shiite organization Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah, and the ex-president of Iran, Mohammad Khatami, have it.
16. Sheikh
An honorary title in Islam for the most educated theologians. Sheikh refers to the leader of a religious community, the leader of a tribe, or the head of an emirate. Particularly authoritative and prominent scientists have the title Sheikhul-Islam. He must be proficient in all Islamic sciences and have significant authority in his ummah. In the Ottoman Empire, Sheikhul-Islam was the main clergyman, whose opinion even the sultans had to reckon with. Today, in the post-Soviet space, this title is held by a number of muftis, such as Talgat Tajuddin and Allahshukur Pashazade.
Muslims encounter these phrases every day. They are spoken under certain circumstances. Some - in a period of joy, some - in grief and sadness, others - in a period of danger. But do we know what these phrases mean and are we able to use them for their intended purpose? This material provides an interpretation of the phrases most used by Muslims.
1. "Bismillahi-r-raẍmani-r-raẍim" – “With the name of Allah, Merciful to everyone in this world and only to those who believe in that!”. To be spoken at the beginning of any action. It is recommended to say before eating, sleeping, dressing, reading the Koran, ablution, reading theological books, etc.
2. "A" uzubillahi mina-sh-shayani-r-rajim" – "I seek help from Allah for protection from the accursed Satan, deprived of His mercy". They say it for the purpose of protection from Satan, turning for help to God, who created Satan himself. They read before reading the Koran, sura Al-Fatiha in prayer, before going to bed, before performing ablution, before entering the toilet and other dirty places, and also in a state of anger.
3. "Sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam" – "Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him". It is pronounced after mentioning the name of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The Almighty says in the Quran (meaning): “Indeed, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet ﷺ. O those who believe! Bless him and welcome him in peace." (Sura Al-Ahzab, verse 56).
4. "Astaqfirullah" – "I ask forgiveness from Allah". These are words of repentance that are uttered after committing a sin or contemplating a sinful thing.
11. "Allahu-l-musta'an» – "Allah is the Helper". Said when faced with difficult situations.
12. "La ẍavla wa la ḱuvvata illa billah" – "There is no strength and power except from Allah". They read when they comprehend any difficulty, and remembering the Lord in this way, a person humbles himself before Him, showing that only the Almighty is able to change this situation for relief, and only He controls the whole situation, and not people or any other circumstances.
13. "Ẍasbunallahu wa ni'ma-l-wakil" – “Allah is sufficient for us, He is the best on Whom they rely”. Pronounced when fear and anxiety arise, faced with insurmountable circumstances.
14. "Inna lillahi wa inna ilyaihi raji'un" – “Verily, we are from the Most High and to Him we shall be returned.”. They say when any grief, misfortune happens, with the sad news of the death of someone.
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