Protective coloration in animals. Mimicry, disguise and protective coloration. How to beat enlarged pores How to bet at Betwinner bookmaker

Struggling with enlarged pores, you need to understand that they are not a skin defect, but its feature. It is physically impossible to narrow the pores, but you can make them almost invisible with the right care, procedures and makeup.

home care

In order for the pores to be invisible, they must be clean. Cleansing will help gentle means that remove impurities, but do not dry the skin. They will prevent the appearance of black dots, which turn the most inconspicuous pores into dark craters. Acid products can also help: they exfoliate dead skin cells, improving skin texture and reducing the visibility of pores. The most useful will be salicylic, which penetrates into the pores and reduces the amount of sebum. Only, using acids in the warm season, do not forget to carefully protect the skin from sunlight.

Procedures at the beautician

Procedures that cleanse the skin and those that increase its tone will help to make the pores less noticeable: when the face is slightly tightened, the pores visually decrease. For those who need a serious solution, there is laser resurfacing - it increases skin regeneration, making the face smooth and even. But if you have not very enlarged pores, it will be enough to regularly go for cleaning and make alginate masks.

Makeup

If you can’t get rid of the enlarged pores, then they can be hidden with the help of cosmetics. There is nothing wrong with this: you do not cover up the inflammation, but only adjust the makeup to the characteristics of the skin. The easiest way out is a primer that “fills in” the recesses and irregularities, creating a smooth surface: the tonal base will lie on it perfectly and will not fall into the pores. The best way to do this is with silicones.

MBOU "Sosnovo-Ozyorskaya secondary school No. 2"

Ecological conference within

Republican internship site

research project

Disguise

animals

Completed by: Gruzintseva Liza,

student 4 "A" class,

Head: Chernoyarova N.S.,

Primary school teacher

2013

Disguise

Target: find out what methods of disguise animals and plants use in nature.

Tasks:

1. What is the disguise of animals and plants,
2. Learn how to disguise animals
3. Learn how to camouflage plants,
4. Find out the meaning of camouflage for animals and plants.

animal coloring

word disguise came from the word mask - i.e. make invisible to the eye. This means that the disguise of animals is associated with the color of their outer covers (wool, skin, feathers, etc.). Some animals have a very bright color, while others are painted in modest colors. Why? Obviously xThe nature of coloration has a certain biological significance in the life of a particular species.

Protective coloration is the ability of animals or plants to camouflage themselves in their environment so as to become almost invisible. Coloring in animals appeared in the course of natural selection of shape and color. Against the background of the environment, the coloring of animals makes them
- either imperceptible (protective coloring);
- either noticeable (warning coloring).

1. Protective coloring

We see the camouflage or protective coloration of animals at every step. Majority animals have a green, yellowish-green or brown-green color- in harmony with their place habitat. Butterfly caterpillars, as a rule, have the same color as the leaves on which they develop. Green grasshoppers use green camouflage to match the grass that gives them shelter. Birds living in the grass or among the branches also have a green color (greenfinches, warblers, green woodpeckers.). In the forests of hot countries with evergreen trees, animals of green colors or multi-colored ones, painted to match the color of the surrounding vegetation, predominate. Green parrots, green lizards, snakes, frogs and other animals can be found there in abundance.

Another example of a widespread protective or harmonic coloration is observed in the deserts of the globe. Desert animals, as a rule, are painted in sand-gray and brown colors. Suffice it to recall the color of camels - "ships of the desert". Many rodents, birds, snakes and lizards are painted in the colors of the desert. This coloration is calledpatronizing or, more correctly, hiding. Thanks to her, animals are not visible to predators. But the concealing coloration is also characteristic of many strong predators. It is unlikely that a lion needs a protective coloration to escape from enemies. Hiding coloration makes it easier for him to hunt, allows him to sneak up unnoticed and suddenly take possession of prey.

There are many animals that have concealing coloration,change it seasonally. These are animals of the northern zone and the northern part of the temperate zone. In the polar fox in the tundra, the winter white outfit is replaced in summer by a dark, brownish one. A similar color change occurs in rodents, such as lemmings. The winter white fur of the white hare is replaced by brownish-gray fur in the summer. The common squirrel is covered with red hair in the summer, and in the winter it wears a light gray fur coat, which helps it merge with the colors of the winter landscape. The seasonal change of concealing coloration is another confirmation of its adaptive value.

Aquatic animals salpas and jellyfish do not have any protective coloration, but are masked by the fact that their body is transparent, like water, so they are literally invisible.

In other cases, the camouflage resemblance, on the contrary, serves as a means for predators to stalk and even attract prey, for example, spiders, snakes, bearded sharks.

Dissecting coloration

Military installations, vehicles, guns, and other objects that need to be hidden are often painted with a random combination of dark and light stripes and spots. Such a coloration is advantageous in that it hides the shape and outlines of a tank or structure, as if dismembering it into parts and therefore perfectly disguises it.

This principle of dismembering coloring man borrowed from nature. Many animals have a similar coloration, for example, tigers. Tigers are very difficult to spot among the thickets just because of the dark and yellow stripes on the body. This coloration allows the tiger to sneak up close to its prey. Some other feline predators do not have striped, but spotted colors. So, the South American jaguar has black spots scattered over its yellow coat. This is also a dissecting color.

In some fish, the coloring is extremely bizarre: dark vertical stripes on a light background. One of these fish - pterophyllum scalare - is often bred in aquariums. Her homeland is South America. In a normally lit aquarium among aquatic plants, it is difficult to notice a fish from above - its flat body is, as it were, divided into parts by dark stripes.

Dissecting coloring better hides the animal when moving in a differently colored environment. Even more interesting are animals that, when the color of the environment changes, can change the coloration of your body. The color of the environment changes with the movement of the animal and with various natural phenomena.

Some animals are able in such cases to quickly change color, others - slowly. The commercial sea fish flounder very quickly changes color. She spends a lot of time at the bottom, lying on her side. From the sides, her body is strongly flattened. The side on which the flounder lies is light in color; the other, facing upwards, most often greenish-gray with brown spots. A dark-colored flounder, moved to light sand, in a few minutes acquires a light, uniform color that is almost indistinguishable from the color of sandy soil.

Some lizards are also able to change color relatively quickly.A classic example of color-changing animals is the chameleon, which, depending on the situation, instantly turns blue, then green, then red.

The change in color of such animals is explained by the fact that their skin has special cells in which there are grains of various pigments (substances painted in different colors). Such cells can be with black, yellow, brown pigment. Pigment cells are able to change shape: they either become flat and their surface increases, then they form processes, then, on the contrary, they shrink into a lump. With a rapid change in the color of the external environment, perceived by the sight of an animal, some cells in its skin cover others and in different combinations give a different color to the skin. If the animal becomes blind, then it ceases to change its color.

In mammals and birds, the color depends on the pigments found in the hair and feather, and the structure of the feather also matters. Their color change is possible only during molting.

Sometimes animals (mostly insects) look like leaves, knots and sticks. Such assimilation of various objects or other animals is called mimicry (imitation).

MIMICRY (from Greek mimikos - imitative) in animals - one of the types of protective color and shape, in which the animal looks like environmental objects, plants, inedible or predatory animals. Contributes to the preservation of the animal in the struggle for existence.

When a tropical butterfly calimma perches on a tree branch and folds its wings, it is indistinguishable from a leaf. Among the orthoptera there are also such insects, which, even in a mobile state, can easily be mistaken for a leaf. Such an insect was given the name “wandering leaf”.

Stick insects are also excellently camouflaged, which no bird can find among the knots and branches of a tree. The caterpillars of our moth butterflies resort to the same tricks, which also resemble a tree knot. To complete the resemblance, they attach with their hind legs to the branches, stretch out and, so frozen in a stupor, are indistinguishable from a knot. In this state, the caterpillars can be for hours.

Mimicry observed among vertebrates. Sea fish needle, found in the Black Sea, perfectly imitates the zoster plant, in the thickets of which it hides. The Australian ragfish has such a bizarre (non-fish) body shape that it is very difficult to spot among seaweed.

2.Warning color

Many animals, especially insects that have reliable means of protection (sharp sting, potent poisons, foul-smelling substances), do not need masking. Such animals do not disguise themselves, but, on the contrary, flaunt themselves, have a bright color. It is beneficial for them to be visible so that they do not mistakenly end up in the mouth of a predator. In this case, both would suffer: predator and prey. Nature found a way out here too. In the process of natural selection, poisonous insects developedwarning coloration, which shows that its owners are unsafe and should not be touched. (For example, ladybugs, wasps, bumblebees). Moreover, some completely harmless and completely edible insects dress up in scary-colored outfits and thus escape from enemies.

We already know that animals are often protected by imitation of various objects in shape and color. Even more interesting whenone kind of animal imitates anothermany outward signs.

For example, in the tropics of South America, there are two species of butterflies belonging to different families, strikingly similar to each other in size, shape and color. The study showed that helicoid butterflies are unpleasant in taste, i.e., inedible. This means that their bright, clearly visible color can be classified as a warning. Butterflies - whites have the same color, but these butterflies are quite edible. edible view imitates inedible. The resemblance to butterflies of an inedible species serves as a protection for him.

Attractive coloring characteristic of some animals (birds, fighting fish, etc.) during the period of marriage. It serves to attract individuals of the opposite sex, often combined with smells, sounds, ritual behavior.

plant coloringdetermined by the presence of various pigments in their organs. The most common green color associated with chlorophyll, with the participation of which plants carry out photosynthesis. Yellow, red, blue, and other colors of flowers and fruits help to attract insects that pollinate flowers, as well as birds that spread fruits and seeds.

Mimicry is also observed in plants, only it usually concerns individual organs, and not the whole organism as a whole, as in animals. For example, the flowers of some orchids are similar to female bumblebees and solitary bees, not only in color, but also in smell. Males attracted by him sit on orchids and as a result transfer pollen from flower to flower. The largest flower on Earth, the rafflesia smells like carrion and is pollinated by flies trying to lay eggs on the flower. Trapping organs of some insectivorous plants resemble bright flowers that attract insects.

Mimicry in plants- similarity (shape, smell, color, etc.) with any other plants or animals.

Findings.

The value of disguise for living beings.

In the animal world, there is no and cannot be life without struggle: herbivores eat plants, and predators eat weaker animals. But not a single animal wants to voluntarily fall into the mouth of a predator. If it doesn't have the strength to defend or run away, it must use disguise. And the ways of disguise in animals are very diverse and bizarre.

The most common type of disguise isprotective coloration, making the animal invisible against the surrounding background. It helps predators to sneak up on prey, and their potential victims - to hide more reliably from attack. This coloration is especially important in the early stages of development, when animals are most vulnerable: first of all, it is characteristic of the eggs of open nesting birds, chicks, and young mammals, while adults of the same species often have a brighter color.

In addition to patronizing, there are also dismembering, warning and attractive colors.

Dismembering coloring makes the animal invisible against a colorful background. Various spots or stripes, as it were, “tear” his body into separate “independent” sections. Such coloring allows one animal to hide from numerous enemies (for example, the color of fish - inhabitants of coral reefs), while others (predators) quietly get close to the victim (color of pike, anaconda, leopard, etc.).

warningcolor (defiantly bright) is inherent in poisonous animals (dart frogs, snakes, etc.), with its help they demonstrate the absence of fear of a potential enemy and, as it were, make a challenge to unprotected animals.

Attractive coloration is characteristic of some animals (birds, fighting fish, etc.) during the period of marriage. It serves to attract individuals of the opposite sex, often combined with smells, sounds, ritual behavior.

Plants are characterized by 2 types of adaptive color - warning (poisonous berries of the crow's eye, wolf) and attracting (bright corollas of insect-pollinated flowers).

Mimicry is a useful way for animals to disguise themselves when they become very similar to any other creatures or objects of the natural environment. In animals, mimicry promotes survival in the struggle for existence. Mimicry can be not only aimed at passive protection, but also serve as an attack tool, luring prey.

The red color of blood and the yellow color of bile are indifferent to the body. They could have been in other colors, and nothing would have changed. But the external coloration of animals plays an important biological role in adapting to the environment.

The diverse coloring and shape of animals is the result of natural selection, the struggle for life. Thanks to them, the species maintains its existence.

Disguise

Appendix.

Color Mimicry:

The plumage of the partridge merges with the surrounding background.

The frog and the grasshopper are invisible against the background of their environment.

These fish, which live in coral reefs, have dissecting coloration.

The bittern is hard to spot in the reeds. The bright coloring of the ladybug warns:

Dont touch me!

The protective coloration of camels makes them invisible against the background of sand.

A spider waits for its prey on a flower

Bat crouched on a tree trunk

Shape Mimicry:

These insects look like dry leaves.

Deceptive resemblance:

1 - tropical callima butterfly with outstretched wings;

2 - she is with folded wings;

3 - caterpillars of the willow moth butterfly.

Imitative resemblance:

4 - hornet glass butterfly;

5 - hornet; c - wasp fly;

7 - hoverfly;

8 - shrub bumblebee;

9 - a butterfly edible for birds from the family of whites;

10 - helicoid butterfly, inedible for birds.

Animal camouflage provides their amazing ability to remain invisible in the wild. The animal world is not safe, not only the predator himself needs a protective coloration in order to quietly get close to the victim.

1. Find the animals in the picture

An exciting game "find animals by picture" will introduce you to the best masters of disguise in the world of animals. It's not as easy as it seems. After all, animals and birds do everything so that they are not found.

2. Chameleon

Animal camouflage under the environment is amazing. The unsurpassed master in this art is the chameleon. He is able to change the color of the body under different lighting, humidity and even the temperature of the air around! The name of the lizards comes from the name of a mythical creature that could change color.

3. Stone fish

The protective coloring of the animals suits their living conditions. Stone fish is one of the unusual inhabitants of the seabed. Her rough skin is covered in sharp spikes. Stone fish burrow into the ground, leaving the top of the head and back on the surface. Blades of grass and pieces of algae sticking to it make it indistinguishable from the seabed.

4. Spider

The art of animal disguise is available not only to animals. Spiders are great at hiding, waiting for the victim. They are almost impossible to see on the surface of the earth. Depending on the habitat, their natural color may resemble stone, sand, tree bark or dry leaves.

5. Moth

The natural disguise of animals is also characteristic of butterflies. A moth, or moth butterfly, is able to reproduce the color of a natural surface. When it lies motionless, it is difficult to distinguish it from a dry leaf or piece of moss.

6. Stick insect

Examples of animal camouflage can also be found among tropical insects. The stick insect is a large insect, but it is not easy to spot it in the wild. Its appearance and color resemble a small twig.

7 Seahorse

Looking at pictures of animal camouflage, it is worth paying attention to such an inhabitant of coral reefs as a seahorse, better known as a rag-picker seahorse. Its coloring repeats the shades of corals and algae among which it hides.

8 Octopus

The octopus is a true master of imitating other animals. This cephalopod has an incredibly flexible body that can take on almost any shape and color. By hiding six of his eight legs, he can resemble a sea serpent.

9. Frog

Small tree frogs are secretive animals. In order not to be eaten, this frog practically merges with tree bark or dry leaves. Its natural color is light green. But climbing onto the bark of a tree, it immediately changes color to brown.

Or hiding under the moss, but the likelihood of being eaten increases due to the number of predators who are not averse to feasting on them.

10 Cheetah

Animal disguises sometimes serve the most unusual purposes. The cheetah is not only the fastest runner, but also an excellent camouflage. Its sandy-gold coloration with small black spots makes it almost invisible in dense grass or bushes.

11. Giraffe

Disguise in the world of animals is needed not only for the small and weak, but also for the largest. The giraffe's trademark spotted coloring helps it to be invisible in the shade of tropical trees. From afar, this long-necked animal is easy to confuse with a tall tree.

12. Frog Shorter

Looking at a photo of animal disguise, you should pay attention to such a forest dweller as a smoky frogmouth. It is a nocturnal bird with a protective coloration. During the day, she sits motionless on tree branches or logs. Brownish-brown coloring allows it to "merge" with the surrounding space.

13. Irbis

The irbis, or snow leopard, is a frequent inhabitant of the mountain slopes. The smoky gray coloring of its fur allows it to blend in with the lichen-covered rocks. Animal camouflage is also seasonal. In the irbis, the summer color is always lighter than the winter color.

14. Crocodile

Crocodiles are masters of disguise. Almost the most formidable predator on Earth is able to lie motionless for a long time, waiting for prey. The unique coloration of the bumpy skin helps it to be invisible in the water.

15. Flounder

Flat as a pancake, the flounder can be completely indistinguishable on the seabed. An excellent example of how color protects animals is the color of the skin. The flounder swims, tightly clinging to the bottom.

16. Nightjar

The giant nightjar is a bird, at first glance, unremarkable. The grayish-brown color of the feathers makes a fairly large bird almost invisible against the background of tree bark.

17. Owl

Animal camouflage is needed not only for daytime, but also for nighttime predators. Among them, the owl is one of the most skilled camouflage. During the day, an owl sitting on a tree is difficult to notice even from a distance of several steps.

If you meet an owl during the day and wake it up, it will start to rush from side to side. Since she is a nocturnal predator, and during the day her eyesight is completely powerless.

18. Grasshopper

The green grasshopper is often perfectly audible, but it is not easy for an inattentive person to see it. Its coloration is ideally adapted to life in the grass. Interestingly, the camouflage color of grasshoppers is an imitation of other, more dangerous insects.

19. Cuttlefish

The cuttlefish is perhaps the only color-blind animal that imitates the colors of its environment. As an inhabitant of the seabed, this cephalopod is able to imitate any color and texture of the surface.

20. Partridge

Wild partridges live and hatch chicks on the ground, among dense grass. The color of their plumage changes depending on the season. In winter, their feathers turn bright white. Summer coloration of gray-yellow shades by autumn is replaced by reddish-brown.

21. Snake

Snakes move quickly and almost silently on the ground, hiding from possible danger. During the spring molt, they change their skin, and the scales acquire the desired color.

22. Butterfly

Among the butterflies, too, there are many masters of disguise. The natural coloration of the wings in many species exactly repeats the color and pattern of the leaves.

23. Caterpillar

Caterpillars always feed on leaves, so their natural color is green. This makes them completely invisible on the young leaves they feed on.

24. Gecko

The leaf-tailed gecko often hides among the leaves. Its color resembles a dried leaf left on a branch.

They are harmless creatures, so many dangers await them. It is vital for them to learn how to disguise themselves, otherwise they will face a terrible account.

25. Cat (Domestic)

Although the domestic cat does not need to hunt, the skill of animal disguise will come in handy for him. Finding a furry pet in the house can be quite difficult. Domestic cats have a camouflage color, like lions, tigers and other "big cats".

Some squid emit light from their bodies in order to get lost in the sun's rays falling from above. This makes them almost invisible from below. Colors are much more important in the animal world than looks.

In fact, most animals are partially colorblind. Animals can use colors for flirting, friendly greetings, and even defensiveness. Animal colors can serve as life-saving camouflage, a cell phone, and even sunscreen.

Coloration and evolution

Coloration is the most visible expression of an organism's genetics. After several million evolutions, most animals have acquired the most appropriate coloration for their natural environment and for their role in the food chain.

In the course of evolution, color mutations could only survive if they were useful in some way. Almost every animal and even plant on our planet relies on its coloration to protect itself from predators, spy on prey, or attract individuals of the opposite sex.

Protective coloring can act in several ways: as a protective camouflage against predators, as a warning or as a distraction.

Coloring as protective camouflage against predators

A huge number of animals use their coloration to blend in with their surroundings. So, animals living on trees can have bark color or body patterns that help them get lost in the foliage. Terrestrial animals often have gray-brown coloration, which helps them move undetected on the ground. The body of animals living among the snow is often covered with white wool, which helps them to become invisible against a white background. Many animals living in the jungle are spotted in color. This protective coloration is also known as cryptic coloration. Let's now look at the most interesting animals that use cryptic coloration.

Animals with cryptic coloration

These incredible creatures have perhaps the best protective coloration. Tiny seahorses, only one and a half centimeters long, blend in perfectly with their natural habitat, coral reefs, taking advantage of both their size and their amazing coloration. Pygmy seahorses were discovered by chance on corals that were fished out for study.

This fantastic South American bird is another camouflage expert in the animal kingdom. The feather pattern of these birds looks like dried bark and twigs, providing them with an excellent hiding place. Forest nightjars spend most of the day sitting on branches, only revealing themselves when they open their beaks or flap their wings to fly off into the darkness in search of insects.

Whitefoots are related to nightjars, and they use the same tactics for defense. The color of the plumage of the giant whitelegs goes well with the trees on which they sit, which is why it is very difficult for predators to find them.

nightjar

Related to forest nightjars and giant whitelegs, common nightjars are usually brown-black in color, which hides them well in ground nests.

Owl

Owls are nocturnal predators that spend most of the day hiding in hollows. Their plumage merges with the tree and in the daytime it is very difficult to distinguish them against the background of the tree.

This graceful wonder of nature spends most of her time in a tree, and for good reason. This striking green snake seamlessly blends into the foliage, making it virtually invisible until it begins to move slowly.

This predatory insect hides in the green grass, patiently waiting for its prey, inflicting a fatal blow at the most opportune moment.

Ryabok

These ground birds are colored brown to help them hide in their sandy habitat.

Caterpillar

Caterpillars use two types of coloration: protective coloration and warning coloration. Many caterpillars are colored exactly like the plants they live on, making them difficult for birds and other predators to see.

Crocodile

In muddy rivers, the habitat of crocodiles, these predators lie motionless, waiting for their prey, which often mistake crocodiles for lifeless logs. By scanning the surface of the water, crocodiles can keep almost their entire body underwater. This allows them to get quite close to an unsuspecting victim and launch a lethal attack.

African pygmy viper

This gray snake fits perfectly with its desert habitat. Like all snakes, this is an excellent ambush predator that hides under the sand in anticipation of prey. Only the head rises above the sand, which is quite difficult to notice.

Australian copperhead snake

Most snakes are masters of camouflage. The Australian copperhead or cottonmouth, one of the deadliest snakes, has a striking pattern of randomly spaced spots that blend in with grass, leaves and twigs.

warty

This predatory fish is almost impossible to detect when it lies in ambush, waiting for its prey. In this form, the wart resembles an ordinary stone covered with corals at the bottom of the ocean, right up to the very moment of its attack.

Lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar

All these wild cats rely on cunning and ambush to hunt, so they need to get close to the victim as close as possible. The golden coat of the lion hides it in the golden brown landscape of the African savannas. Lions try to get as close to the prey as possible, thereby compensating for their insufficient speed. Their camouflage is extremely useful to achieve this goal.

Tigers hunt mainly in wooded areas, in areas covered with tall grass. Since tigers usually hunt at dawn or dusk, their otherwise conspicuous stripes help them move undetected in tall grass.

Leopards and jaguars hunt in densely forested areas. The rosette pattern on their body helps them to hide in the ever-shifting shadows cast by the leaves in the sunlight.

Seasonal color changes

This phenomenon can be observed in the tundra, where some animals change their coat in winter and summer. Their winter coat is white, helping them blend in with the constant masses of snow and ice. In winter, white wool helps animals to either hide from predators or wait for prey in ambush. With the advent of summer, the white coat is replaced by brown-black coat, which helps the animals to hide in the summer landscape.

Such animals include, first of all, a hare, partridge and arctic fox, which feeds on hares and partridges.

Adaptive color change

Chameleon

The chameleon is undoubtedly the most famous example of such animals. However, the chameleon is not the only one that can change color in this way, many arctic animals also have this ability. As in the case of the chameleon, contrary to popular belief, these animals do not always change their color for the sake of protection. Quite often, a change in color is a message to representatives of the same species. Such a change in color can serve as a signal of readiness for mating. The chameleon mainly uses its ability to change color to express its mood, though also to blend in with its surroundings.

Unlike the chameleon, the cuttlefish uses this ability primarily for defensive purposes. She evaluates her surroundings and adopts the appropriate color. Surprisingly, a cuttlefish can change the color of its entire body in less than a second. Cuttlefish also use the ability to "flash" as a means of communication. Other cephalopods such as octopuses and squid also have this ability.

Flounder

Flounder moving along the ocean floor can change its color in accordance with the color of the sea floor. When the flounder lies at the bottom, it is not easy to notice it.

Gradual color change

This coloration is observed in almost all highly developed animals. Upper body of dolphins, sharks, penguins, deer, cheetahs, etc. darker than the bottom. Although this coloration also helps land animals such as deer, it is most beneficial to ocean predators.

Sharks, dolphins and penguins have an almost white belly, which gradually turns into a dark gray or black back. Due to this coloration, these predators are not easy to replace both from below in the sunlight and from above, where their backs blend into the color of the ocean.

Mimicry

There are animals that have learned to imitate other animals or objects. This imitative ability gives them a huge advantage, allowing them to hide effectively. Creatures that imitate an inanimate object, such as a leaf or twig, can safely rest among the leaves and branches without worrying about their safety. Animals that imitate living beings (a phenomenon called mimetism) often imitate more dangerous and scarier animals than themselves. Thus, they protect themselves from predators. Here we present to your attention the best imitators.

Leaflet

This incredible miracle of evolution is undetectable when it hides in a tree. These insects are strikingly reminiscent of tree leaves in their appearance. They even move like a leaf in the wind. Some leaflets even have rough edges that make them look even more like leaves.

Like many butterflies that have large eye-shaped spots on their wings, the "eye" of the "owl's eye" butterfly is designed to scare away would-be predators. These butterflies are preyed upon mainly by lizards and frogs. Spots resembling the eyes of an owl help butterflies save lives.

Hoverflies are harmless insects that feed on nectar and pollen. Many hoverflies mimic the more dangerous and poisonous wasps. Thus, they are saved from animals that are afraid of wasps.

In the animal kingdom, conspicuous coloration is almost always a disadvantage. However, the bright coloration can also serve as a warning to potential predators.

Brightly colored animals are more likely to be poisonous, dangerous or tasteless. Many unpalatable butterflies and moths are painted in bright warning colors. And it is also better not to touch brightly colored frogs. Many harmless animals in the process of evolution have developed the coloration of dangerous animals, which helps them avoid predators.

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.

BetWinner bookmaker has long established itself among experienced players. Experienced cappers use BetWinner for the reason that their accounts here will not be banned just like that. In BC Bet Winer, you can be guaranteed to receive your payment from your account in a short time, and earn consistently without any difficulties.

Every Internet user and just an ordinary layman has probably heard about the possibility of making money with the help of bookmakers, but even when starting to play and bet, most people have a reasonable question, which office to choose in order to bet stably and not worry about hard earned money?

Today we present to your attention, the leader in its field, and this is the Betwinner bookmaker. Those who have already encountered this office can say without a doubt that at the moment, the Betwinner bookmaker is the best in its business and leaves no shadow of doubt behind it.

It is worth noting that these conclusions were formed thanks, first of all, to the decency in the work of the Betwinner bookmaker, as this is really a great merit. Each user knows that the game at the Betwinner bookmaker is always stable.

The fact is that the Betwinner company never deceives its visitors and this is due to the fact that payments from the office occur on an ongoing basis, and you should not worry about the amount you want to send for withdrawal from the account.

We also note the fact that the Betwinner office never cuts the odds, which in turn is also very nice, because you can skim the largest amount of cream, and always. Do not forget that the Betwinner bookmaker employs excellent developers who always strive to create new applications for gadgets, and also work to ensure that the company's website is designed in colorful colors and pleases the eyes of users.

Note that the Betwinner office always pleases new players with bonuses, allows you to use a promotional code, and also makes regular prize draws, which also allows you to settle in the direction of Betwinner. An important factor is that the Betwinner company has been operating on the market for more than a year, so you should not worry that one day it will disappear along with your funds. Do not forget that access to the Betwinner bookmaker is always available from anywhere in the world, as the developers have created a mirror and in case the official page of the Betwinner website is blocked, you will have the opportunity to bet through the mirror. Today, in detail, we will consider how to place bets correctly, how to register and how to replenish and withdraw money from an account.

Registration at the Betwinner bookmaker.

Since you made the right choice and still decided to start betting at the Betwinner betting company, you should first register on the site so that you have the opportunity to receive all the biggest privileges and at the same time you do not miss the chances in the draws and receiving a bonus.

In order to register for a project at Betwinner, you need to take a few steps. Now we will tell you all the possible options for registering:

• The first option for registering at the Betwinner bookmaker is registration via email. A very convenient and fast option that will not take you much time. To do this, you need to go to the official page of the Betwinner website, then enter your work email address and an activation link will be sent to it, which you need to go through and the process will be completed.
• The second option is to use a mobile phone number. To do this, when registering with Betwinner, you should indicate your mobile phone number, after which you will receive a message from the site administration and enter the received code, at this stage it will also be over.
• The third option is the longest in time, but the most practical, because in the future, you will not have to supplement your game account with data. To register, you will need to enter your first and last name, as well as your email address and mobile phone number. Do not forget to specify the currency with which you will play, as this is not unimportant for work. Do not forget that you can immediately go through verification and send the Betwinner administration, your passport, so that they can verify the data and there are no additional questions for you.

As you can see, each of the proposed options is good in its own way, it all depends on free time and the desire to spend it. If you are on fire to place a bet, then you can choose the first two options, but if you are planning a long-term and fruitful cooperation, then we recommend paying attention to the third option.

How to bet at Betwinner bookmaker.

Since the registration has already been completed and you have become a full-fledged user of the Betwinner website, it is time to get acquainted with the rules and interface.

Just click on the odds and a betting window will open

At the very beginning of your journey, we recommend that you start studying the rules of the resource in order to find out all the answers to your questions, as well as get all the necessary information for further action. To do this, we recommend that you refer to the rules section and study them in detail. In order to start making your first bets and start earning money, we advise you to pay attention to the fact that you are given the opportunity to bet in two modes:

• The first mode is line bets. You can slowly study the line, and matches can take place on different days, so you can slowly read information about experts, team lineups and other news. It is important to note that the choice of the line is very large. Your attention is given the opportunity to bet on hockey, football, tennis, basketball and much more. The odds at Betwinner are always the highest, so you don't have to worry about that. We also note the fact that according to the events that will take place along the line, you can make an express from several games, which in turn will give more chances to win and increase the odds.
• The second betting option is live betting. This mode assumes that the event has already started, but gives you the opportunity to evaluate the chances of both parties to place a bet. Also in this mode, there is a huge selection of options for betting, which will be pleasant for you. The only thing you should pay attention to is what should be set in this mode at a faster speed, since the time for reflection is minimal.

Each of the presented options has its pros and cons, so choose a more convenient way for yourself and start earning money.

Getting a bonus from the Betwinner bookmaker.

In order to receive a bonus to your account with Betwinner, you only need to register. Bonus in the form of cash will be immediately sent to your account.

You can use cash to get your hands on bets and not spend your money, and the second option is the ability to wager the bonus and withdraw funds from the account. In order to win back the bonus, you should carefully read the rules, since you will need to make several bets, with a certain coefficient, and only after that, it will be possible to withdraw the bonus from your account into real money.

We want to warn you that the bonus from Betwinner is given only once and only at the first registration, so you should be careful. If you already have an account with the Betwinner bookmaker, then we do not recommend tempting fate and registering several of them, since this move is very quickly stopped by the administration and all accounts will be blocked, regardless of the amount of money on them.

Depositing and withdrawing funds at the Betwinner bookmaker.

In order to start replenishing your account with Betwinner, you should first decide on the currency in which your bets will be made. Remember that the currency is selected only once and it will be impossible to change it in the future, so you should be careful here. Further, after you have decided on the currency, you should choose the method of replenishment. It can be your bank cards, electronic wallets or even cash terminals. The main thing is not to forget that the method of replenishing funds will also be the method for withdrawing money from the account, it will also be impossible to change it. Replenishment of the account occurs within a few minutes, so you do not have to wait long.

In order to withdraw funds from your Betwinner account, you need to put down the entire amount of replenishment of funds, after which the withdrawal will be available. To make a withdrawal, you need to make an application on the site and, depending on the method of withdrawing funds, the time will be determined. Withdrawal from the account at Betwinner is carried out from a few minutes and ends in a few days, so if the money is not withdrawn, you should not worry. In general, it can be noted that the Betwinner bookmaker is different from its competitors and really helps even beginners earn money without worrying about the future and the safety of money.