Please in German. How to travel around Germany without knowing German? Orientation in the city

- [los]. Particle, use as 1) polite treatment in meaning. I ask you to. Give me some water, please. Take another piece, please. 2) polite expression of consent. Can you pass me the knife? Please! 3) a polite request or order not ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

PLEASE- [lus]. 1. Expression of polite appeal, request, consent, response to gratitude. Bring, p., a dictionary. Thanks for the tea. P. 2. Expression of the unexpectedness of the offensive, the appearance of what n. (usually with a hint of disapproval) (colloquial). Haven't been for a whole year... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

please- Cm … Synonym dictionary

please- PLEASE1, please PLEASE2, please, please PLEASE3, nonsense, nothing ... Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

please- Please, particle. Pronounced [pleasantly] ... Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian

please- service, use very often 1. Please is used as a polite address when asking, ordering, or allowing some action. Please excuse me! | Please do not. 2. The word please expresses the polite consent of someone to do ... ... Dictionary of Dmitriev

please- introductory word and particle 1. Introductory word. It is used when politely addressing or requesting to attract the attention of the interlocutor. It is distinguished by punctuation marks (commas). For details on punctuation for introductory words, see Appendix 2. (Appendix 2) ... Punctuation Dictionary

please- particle. 1. (used as a polite appeal when asking, ordering, allowing). I beg you, you. P, I'm sorry! Eat, p.! P., don't. 2. Expresses polite consent. Maybe lend? P. 3. Use. as a form of polite response to ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

please- particle. see also and please, say please, look please, hello, please 1) (used as a polite expression for a request, order, permission) I ask you, you ... Dictionary of many expressions

please- Say (those) please (colloquial fam.) is used to express surprise, indignation, indignation. Well, please tell me: well, aren't you ashamed? naked … Phraseological dictionary of the Russian language

PLEASE- Say please! Razg. Expression of surprise, indignation. FSRYA, 426 ... Big dictionary of Russian sayings

Books

Please, Savushkin S .. It will not be a discovery for anyone how important it is for a child to use polite words in everyday communication. However, a two-year-old baby still does not quite understand what to say "thank you" to ... Buy for 82 rubles
Please, Melamed G.. Learning politeness. Naughty bear cubs, wolf cub and other little animals have learned to use polite words. Does your child know the magic words? Wonderful poems by Gennady Melamed will help…

You have a trip to Germany, but you don't speak German? Not a problem, because nobody canceled the sign language, and the Germans know English quite well. It is wiser to memorize the basic German words for tourists. Or write them down and keep your impromptu Russian-German phrase book always at hand during the trip.

It will take many months to learn German normally, but we do not need it. Our task is to know only those words so that you can easily exchange currency, purchase tickets, check into a hotel, make purchases, or simply not get lost while traveling.

Russian-German phrasebook: standard phrases for communication

We hope that the German words for tourists we have collected with translation and transcription will help you when traveling in Germany and other German-speaking countries. To help you - the most common expressions and phrases in German.

Hello - Guten tag (guten so)
Good morning - Guten morgen (guten morgen)
Good evening - Guten abend (Guten Abent)
Hello - Hallo (Hallo)
Goodbye - Auf wiedersehen (auf wiederzeen)
Good night - Gute nacht (gute nacht)
See you soon - Bis bald (bis balt)
Good luck - Viel gluck/Viel erfolg
All the best - Alles gute (Alles gute)
Bye - Tschuss (chus)
Sorry - Entschuldigen sie (Entschuldigen zi)
Sorry (to attract attention) - Entschuldigung (entschuldigung)
Thank you very much - Danke schon / Vielen dank
No - Nein (nein)
Please - Bitte (bitte)
Thank you - Danke (danke)
Yes - Ja (I)
Unfortunately, I don't speak German - Leider, spreche ich deutsch nicht
You speak English? – Sprechen sie Englishsch? (shprechen zi english?)
Do you speak Russian? – Sprechen sie russisch? (shprechen zi russish?)
I don't understand - Ich verstehe nicht
Does anyone here speak English? – Spricht jemand hier english? (Shpriht Yemand Heer English?)
I understand - Ich verstehe
Please write it down - Schreiben sie es bitte
Please repeat - Sagen sie es noch einmal bitte (zagen zi es noch ainmal bitte)
What did you say? – Wie bitte? (wee bitte?)
Could you speak more slowly? – Koennen sie bitte etwas langsamer sprechen? (gyeonneen zi bitte etwas langzame sprehen?)
Show me ... - Zeigen sie mir bitte ... (tsaigen zi world bitte ...)
Give me this, please ... - Geben sie mir bitte das (geben zi world bitte das)
Give me, please ... - Geben sie mir bitte ... (geben zi world bitte ...)
We would like ... - Wir moechten ... (vir myhten ...)
I would like ... - Ich moechte ... (ich myhte ...)
Help me please! - Helfen sie mir bitte (helfen zi world bitte)
How are you? – Wie geht es Ihnen? (wee gate es inan?)
Are you all right? Danke, gut und Ihnen? (danke, gut und inen?)
My name is ... - Ich heise ... (ich heise ...)
I came from Russia - Ich komme aus Russland (ih komme aus ruslant)
Where is? – Woist…? (in ist...?)
Where are they? – Wo sind…? (in zint...?)

German words for tourists to go through customs

Experienced travelers begin to compile their own Russian-German phrasebook long before the trip. It can be just a notepad or a file in a laptop, or even cardboard cards with the necessary phrases.

Customs is an important point, so we remember the words in German that are necessary to quickly and seamlessly pass customs control.

Where is customs control? – Wo ist die zollkontrolle? (vo:ist di:zolcontrolle?)
Need to fill out a declaration? – Soll ich die zolleklärung ausfüllen? (zol ih di: tsolerkle: runk ausfullen?)
Have you completed the declaration? – Haben sie die zollerklärung ausgefüllt? (ha: ben zi di tsolerkle: rung ausgefült?)
Do you have forms in Russian? – Haben sie formulare in der russischen sprache? (ha: ben zi formula: re in der rusisheng spra: he?)
Here is my declaration - Hier ist meine zollerklärung
Where is your luggage? – Wo ist ihr gepäck? (wo:ist and:r gapek?)
Here is my luggage - Hier ist mein gepäck (hi: p ist mein gepäck)
Present your passport - Weisen sie ihren pass vor
Here is my passport - Hier ist mein reisepass (hi: p ist mein reisepass)
I arrived on flight number ... from Moscow - Ich bin mit dem flug nummer ... aus Moskau gekom-men
Have you completed the entry form? – Haben sie das einreiseformular ausgefüllt? (ha: ben zi das einreise formula: r ausgefült?)
I need a form in Russian - Ich brauche ein formular in der russischen sprache
I arrived ... - Ich bin ... gekom-men (ih bin ... gekomen)
To work under a contract - Zur vertragserbeit (zur fartra: xarbayt)
We came at the invitation of friends - Wir sind auf einladung der freunde gekommen (vir zint aif ainladunk der freunde gekomen)
I have nothing to declare in the declaration - Ich habe nichts zu verzollen
I have an import license - Hier ist meine einführungsgenehmigung
Pass - Passieren sie (pasi: ren zi)
Go along the green (red) corridor - Gehen sid durch den grünen (roten) korridor
Open the suitcase! – Machen sie den koffer auf! (mahen zi den cofer auf!)
These are my personal things - Ich habe nur dinge des persönkichen bedarfs
These are souvenirs - Das sind souvenirs (das sind zuveni: rs)
Do I need to pay duty on these things? – Sind diese sachen zollpflichtig? (zint di:ze zachen zolpflichtich?)

How to explain yourself without knowledge of German in public places

Basic phrases in German will help the traveler find out the way and fare, arrange hotel accommodation, buy the necessary products and goods. Sometimes it is enough to know only polite German words for tourists to sincerely thank a local resident.

At the station

Are you confused by the signs and signs at the station or do not know where the toilet or the platform you need is located? Have our Russian-German phrasebook handy and just find the phrase you need in German, and ask a passer-by how to get to one place or another.

From which station do you go to ...? – Von welchem bahnhof fährt man nach …? (von welhem ba:nho:f fe:rt man nah?)
Where can you buy a train ticket? – Wo kann man die fahrkarte kaufen? (vo: kan man di fa: rkarte kaufen?)
I need to get to Bremen as soon as possible - Ich muß möglichst schell nach Bremen gelangen
Do you have a timetable? – Wo kann ich den fahrplan sehen? (wo: kan ih den fa: rplya: n ze: en?)
What station does the train leave from? - Von welchem bahnhof fährt zug ab
How much does the ticket cost? Was kostet die fahrkarte? (you costat di fa:rkarte?)
Do you have tickets for today (tomorrow)? – Haben sie die fahrkarten für heute(für morgen)? (ha: ben zi di fa: karten fur hoyte (fur morgan)?)
I need a ticket to Berlin and back - Einmal (zweimal) Berlin und zurück, bitte
I would like the train that comes in the morning to ... - Ich brauche den zug, der am morgen nach ... kommt
When is the next train? – Wahn kommt der nächste zug? (van comt der ne: hh-ste tsu: k?)
I missed the train - Ich habe den zug verpasst
From which platform does the train leave? – Von welchem bahnsteig fährt der zug ab? (von velhem ba: nstaik fe: rt der tsu: k ap?)
How many minutes before departure? – Wieviel minuten bleiben bis zur abfahrt? (vi:fi:l minu:ten blyaben bis zur apfa:rt?)
Where is the help desk? – Wo ist das Auskunftsburo? (in: ist das auskunftsburo?)
Where does the express bus stop? – Wo halt der Zubringerbus? (in: helt der tsubringerbus?)
Where is the taxi stand? – Wo ist der Taxi-stand? (in: ist der taxishtant?)
Is there a currency exchange here? – Wo befindet sich die Wechselstelle? (in: befindet zih di vexelstalle?)
I want to buy a ticket for flight number ... - Ich möchte einen Flug, Routenummer ... buchen
Where is the check-in for the flight...? – Wo ist die Abfer-tigung fur den Flug …? (in: ist di apfertigunk fur den flue: k….?)
Where is the storage room? – Wo ist die Gepäckaufbewahrung? (in: ist di gepekaufbewarung?)
Who can you contact? – An wen kann ich mich wenden? (an vein kan ih mih venden?)
Where is the toilet? - Wo ist die toilette? (in: ist di toilette?)
Where is the baggage claim area? – Wo ist gepäckaus-gabe? (vo:ist gapek-ausga:be?)
On which conveyor can I get baggage from flight number ...? – Auf welchem Förderband kann man das Gepäck vom Flug … bekommen? (auf velhem förderbant kan man das gepek fom flu:k...backoman?)
I forgot my suitcase (coat, raincoat) on the plane. What should I do? – Ich habe meinen aktenkoffer (meinen Mantel, meinen regenmantel) im flugzeug liegenlasen. Was soll ich tun? (ih ha: be mainen actenkofer (mainen mantel, mainen re: genshirm) im fluktsoyk ligenlya: sen. you sol ih tun?)
I lost my baggage tag. Can I receive my luggage without a tag? – Ich habe cabin (den Gepäckanhänger) verloren. Kann ich mein Gepäck ohne cabin bekommen? (ih ha: be kebin (den gap’ekanhenger ferle: ren. kan ih mein gap’ek)

In transport

The Germans are very friendly and welcoming people, so you definitely need to know how to greet the people of Germany. Reciprocate: learn the basic German words for tourists, including greeting phrases, and any question regarding transport will be quickly resolved.

Could you please wait for me? – Koennen sie mir bitte warten? (gyongnen zi world bitte warten?)
How much do I owe you? Was soll ich zahlen? (you sol ih tsalen?)
Stop here, please - Halten sie bitte hier (halten zi bitte hir)
I need to go back - Ich mus zurueck (Ich mus zurueck)
To the right - Nach rechts (nah rechts)
Left - Nach links (nah links)
Take me to the city center - Fahren sie mich zum stadtzentrum
Take me to an inexpensive hotel - Fahren sie mich zu einem billigen hotel (faren zi mih zu ainem billigen hotel)
Take me to a good hotel - Fahren sie mich zu einem guten hotel (faren zi mih zu ainem guten hotel)
Take me to the hotel - Fahren sie mich zum hotel (faren zi mih zum hotel ...)
Take me to the railway station - Fahren sie mich zum bahnhof (faren zi mih zum bahnhof)
Take me to the airport - Fahren sie mich zum flughafen
Take me away - Fahren sie mich ... (faren zi mich ...)
To this address, please! - Diese adresse bitte! (dize adresse bitte!)
How much does it cost to get to...? - Was kostet die fahrt ... (you costet di fart ...?)
Call a taxi, please - Rufen sie bitte ein taxi (rufen zi bitte ain taxi)
Where can I get a taxi? – Wo kann ich ein taxi nehmen? (wo kan ikh ain taxi nemen?)

Walk around the city

It is unlikely that something will happen to you in a calm and measured Germany, but it will never be superfluous to memorize the German words for tourists, which are necessary to call an ambulance, the police or just tell others that you are ill or have a problem.

Petrol station - Tankstelle (tank-stelle)
Bus stop - Bushaltestelle (bus-halte-stelle)
Metro station - U-Bahnstation
Where is the nearest ... - Wo ist hier die naechste ... (in ist hir di nekste ...)
Where is the nearest police station here? – Wo ist hier das naechste Polizeirevier? (vo ist hir das next police-revir?)
Bank - eine Bank (eine bank)
Mail - das Postamt (das post office)
Supermarket – Die Kaufhalle
Pharmacy - die Apotheke (di apotheke)
Tourist office - das Verkehrsamt
My hotel is mein hotel (main hotel)
I'm looking for ... - Ich suche ... (ih zuhe ...)
Where is the taxi stand? – Wo ist der taxi-stand? (in: ist der taxishtant?)
Street - Strasse (strasse)
Square - Platz (parade ground)
Town Hall - Rathaus
Market - Markt (Markt)
Central railway station - Hauptbahnhof (hauptbahnhof)
Old town - Altstadt (altstadt)
From myself - Stosen / Drucken (Stozen / Drucken)
To yourself - Ziehen (qian)
Private property - Privateigentum (privateigentum)
Do not touch - Nicht beruhren (nichtberuren)
Free / Busy - Frei / Besetzt (fry / bezetst)
Free - Frei (fry)
VAT refund (tax-free) - Refund tax-free (refund tax-free)
Currency exchange – Geldwechsel (geld bill)
Information - Auskunft / Information (auskunft / information)
For men / For women - Herren / Damen (herren / damen)
Toilet - Toiletten (Toiletten)
Police - Polizei (Policeman)
Forbidden - Verboten (Verboten)
Open / Closed - Offen / Geschlossen (offen / geschlossen)
No vacancies - Voll/Besetzt (foll/besetzt)
Rooms available - Zimmer frei
Exit - Ausgang (ausgang)
Entrance - Eingang (aingang)
I got lost - Ich habe mich verlaufen (ih habe mih verlaufen)
I'm lost - Ich habe mich verirrt
Call a doctor - Holen sie einen arzt (holen zi ainen arzt)
Call the police - Rufen sie die polizei (rufen zi di policeman)

Video: German lesson for beginners

You can just make a cheat sheet and write down all the basic German words for tourists in a notebook. But you can also learn how to pronounce them correctly, and the video will help with this.

Numerals in German

The German language has very long numbers written in letters (as a rule, these are all numbers less than a million). The longest number has 69 letters. To learn or not to learn numbers in German? It is up to you to decide, without them it is impossible to make purchases, book tickets, but you can always show the right number on your fingers. Keep a notepad and pen close at hand to show the interlocutor the necessary numbers.

0 - Null (zero)
1 - Eins / ein (ains (ain))
2 - Zwei (zwei)
3 - Drei (dry)
5 - Fuenf (fuenf)
6 - Sechs (zeks)
7 - Sieben (ziben)
8 - Acht (aht)
9 - Neun
10 - Zehn (tsen)
11 - Elf (elf)
12 - Zwoelf (zwölf)
13 - Dreizehn (draizen)
14 - Vierzehn (Firzen)
15 - Fuenfzehn (fyunfzen)
16 - Sechzehn
17 – Siebzehn (zipzen)
18 - Achtzehn (ahtzen)
19 – Neunzehn (neinzen)
20 - Zwanzig
21 - Einundzwanzig
22 - Zweiundzwanzig
30 - Dreissig
40 - Vierzig (Firtsikh)
50 - Fuenfzig (fuenfzig)
60 - Sechzig (zekhtsikh)
70 - Siebzig (ziptsikh)
80 - Achtzig
90 - Neunzig (neunzig)
100 - Hundert (hundert)
101 - Hunderteins
110 - Hundertzehn
200 - Zweihundert (zwei-hundert)
300 - Dreihundert (dry hundert)
400 - Vierhundert (fir hundert)
500 - Funfhundert (funf-hundert)
600 - Sechshundert
800 - Achthundert (aht-hundert)
900 - Neunhundert (neunhundert)
1000 - Tausend
1000000 - Eine million (aine million)
10000000 - Zehn millionen (tsen millionen)

Phrases in German for the hotel

Most misunderstandings for a foreign tourist can happen during check-in at a hotel or apartment. To get exactly the accommodation you want, basic German words for tourists, alas, may not be enough.

In this case, it is better not to consider apartments. We advise you to book a room in a large hotel, where the staff speaks several foreign languages, including Russian.

Where is the hotel…? – Wo befindet sich das hotel…? (in: befindet zih das hotell...?)
Do you have rooms available? – Haben sie freie zimmer? (ha:ben zi: friye zimer?)
A room is booked for me - Für mich ist ein zimmer reserviert
The room is booked in the name of ... - Das zimmer auf den namen ... reserviert
I need a single room - Ich brauche ein einzelzimmer (ein einbettzimmer)
I would like a room with a kitchen - Ich möchte ein zimmer mit küche haben
Is there a shower in the room? Gibt es im zimmer eine dusche? (gypt es im zimer aine du:she?)
I need a room with a bath (air conditioning) - Ich brauche ein zimmer mit bad (mit einer klimaanlage)
How much is this number? Was kostet dieses zimmer? (you costet di:zes zimer?)
It is very expensive - Das ist sehr teuer (das ist ze:r toyer)
I need a room for a day (for three days, for a week) - Ich brauche ein zimmer für eine nacht (für drei tage, für eine woche)
How much is a double room per night? Was kostet ein zweibettzimmer pro nacht? (you costet ain zweibetzimer about nakht?)
Does the room rate include breakfast and dinner? – Sind das frühsrtrück und das abendessen im preis inbegridden? (zint das fryu:shtuk unt das abentesen im price inbegrifen?)
Breakfast is included in the room price - Das frühstück ist im preis inbergriffen
We have a buffet in our hotel - In userem hotel ist schwedisches büffet
When do I need to pay for the room? – Wann soll ish das zimmer bezahlen? (van sol ih das zimer betsa: len?)
You can pay in advance - Man kann im voraus zahlen (man kan im foraus tsa: len)
This number suits me (does not suit) - Dieses zimmer passt mir (nicht) (di: zes zimer past the world (nicht))
Here is the room key - Das ist der schlüssel (das ist der schlüssel)

German phrases for shopping, currency exchange

Using our short Russian-German phrasebook, you will always find a way out of any situation during your trip. In Germany, first of all, we remember polite words in German for tourists and visits to shopping centers or the market will be held with minimal misunderstanding.

Surrender wrong - Der rest stimmt nicht ganz (der rest stimmt nicht ganz)
Do you have something similar but bigger (smaller)? – Haben sie etwas anliches, aber ein wenig grosser (kleiner)? (haben zi etwas enlishes abe ain wenig grösser (kleiner)?)
It suits me - Das past mir (das past the world)
This is great for me - Das ist mir zu gross (das ist mir zu gross)
This is not enough for me - Das ist mir zu eng (das ist mir zu eng)
I need ... size - Ich brauche grosse ... (ich brauche grösse ...)
My size is 44 - Meine grose ist 44
Where is the dressing room located? – Wo ist die anprobekabine? (vo ist di enprobe cabine?)
Can I measure it? – Kann ich es anprobieren? (can ih es anprobiren?)
Sale – Ausverkauf
Too expensive - Es ist zu teuer (es ist zu toyer)
Please write a price - Schreiben sie bitte den preis
I take it - Ich nehme es (ih nehme es)
How much does it cost? – Was kostet es (das)? (you costat es (das)?)
Give it to me, please - Geben sie mir bitte das (geben zi world bitte das)
I would like to ... - Ich suche ... (ih zuhe ...)
Please show me, this is Zeigen sie mir bitte das (tsaigen zi world bitte das)
I'm just looking - Ich schaue nur (ih shaue nur)
I need smaller money - Ich brauche kleinere scheine
How much will I get for 100 dollars? – Wie viel bekomme ich fuer ein hundert US-Dollar
What is the exchange rate? – Wie ist der wechselkurs? (vi ist di vekselkurs?)
Can you change these travelers checks? – Bezahlen sie reiseschecks? (becalen zee rizeshax?)
Where is the nearest exchange office or bank? – Wo ist die nachte geldwechselstelle oder die bank? (vo ist di nexte geldveksel-shtelle oder di bank?)

Let your attempts to speak German be not always successful, but these will be German phrases, this is enough for tourists. In communicating with local residents, the most important thing is to win over the interlocutor. It will be easy to get the necessary information if a casual passer-by from the mouth of a foreigner hears words in his native language.

Thank you is a necessary and obligatory word in everyday communication. And also thank you in German - a very easy-to-remember word - Danke. Today I will tell you about how to express great gratitude, how to answer someone's "thank you" and give examples with this right word.

"Thanks a lot" in German it is expressed by a number of combinations. Although, of course, literally they can be translated in different ways, for example: “I thank you from the bottom of my heart” - but this does not change the essence.

If you are very grateful to a person, you can use one of the following phrases:

Danke schön is the most common and the most pleasing to the ear, because it literally translates as “beautiful (or sweet) thanks”

Vielen Dank - thank you very much

Danke vielmals - thank you so much

Danke sehr - literally: thank you very much

Tausend Dank - a thousand thanks

Herzlichen Dank - thank you very much

Lieben Dank - in meaning very close to the previous phrase

Besten Dank - best thanks

In words ending - e - dankeis a verb, without ending Dank- is a noun and is used with a capital letter!

With a word Danke and Dank preposition is used fur and translates to ‘thank you for…’

Vielen Dank fur das Geschenk! Das freut mich wirklich sehr.- Thanks for the gift! I am very happy.

Ich möchte dir fur die Blumen danken. - Thank you for the flowers.

You can express gratitude for a gift like this:

Oh danke! Das war aber nicht notig gewesen!- Oh thanks! It was not necessary…

Danke, so etwas habe ich noch nie gesehen! Thanks, I haven't seen this before.

Das kann ich sehr gut gebrauchen. Tausend Dank! This could be very helpful, thank you so much!

Danke schön fur Ihre Geschenke. Sie haben uns wir wirklich mit Geschenken überschüttet.- Thank you very much for the gifts. You really showered us with gifts.

Sometimes the word "thank you" in German is replaced by the combination " es ist nett von dir/Ihnen - "nice of you / your side"

Das ist sehr nett von dir, dass du mich besucht hast."It's very kind of you to visit me."

Es ist nett, dass du mich vom Flughafen abgeholt hast. It's very nice of you to meet me at the airport.

Das ist so nett von dir, vielen herzlichen Dank.“So kind of you, thank you very much.

By the way: it can be very useful for YOU

But you can still be grateful in advance, how do you say it in German?

Ich danke dir im Voraus.- Thanks in advance.

Vielen Dank im Voraus fur Ihre Bemühungen.- Thank you in advance for your efforts.

What to say in response to thanks in German?

bitte.- Please.

Bitte schön.- Pretty (cute) please. This is an answer to a nice thank you – danke schön

Gerngeschehen.- With pleasure.

Nichts zu danken.- Do not mention it.

Keine Ursache.- There is no reason (to thank). = Not worth a thank you.

Key problem.- No problem. = Not worth a thank you.

Das ist doch selbstverständlich. “It goes without saying.

Thank you in German: useful dialogues

— Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!- Happy birthday!

—Danke! Und vielen lieben Dank fur die wunderschönen Blumen!- Thanks. And thank you so much for the amazing flowers!

— Nichts zu danken.- Do not mention it.

— Konnten Sie mir vielleicht kurz helfen, bitte?“Could you please help me a little?”

— Naklar. - Well, of course.

— Danke schön!- Thanks a lot.

— Das ist doch selbstverständlich! - Well, you, it goes without saying.

— Guten Appetite!- Enjoy your meal!

— Danke, gleichfalls. Thanks, and the same to you.

That's all, thanks for your attention!

German is spoken by millions of people, not only in Germany, but also in Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and other places around the world. Of course, in order to speak German fluently, you will have to study for a long time, but the simplest phrases can be mastered very quickly. Whether you're traveling to a German-speaking country, want to impress someone, or just get a little familiar with a new language, the tips in this article will come in handy. We will teach you how to greet people, introduce yourself, say goodbye, thank you, ask basic questions or ask for help.

Steps

Part 1

Greeting and farewell

Use standard greetings. Each German-speaking country has its own special greetings. However, the following standard forms will be appropriate in any of them.

"Guten Tag" (guten so) - "good afternoon" (used as the most common greeting during the day)
"Guten Morgen" (guten morgen) - "good morning"
"Guten Abend" (Guten Abent) - "Good evening"
"Gute Nacht" (gute nacht) - "good night" (said before going to bed, usually only between close people)
"Hallo" (halo) - "hello" (used anywhere and anytime)

Remember the difference between formal and informal German. In German, as in Russian, it is customary to address unfamiliar and unfamiliar people in different ways (formally, to “you”) and to close acquaintances (informally, to “you”). However, unlike in Russian, in German the polite "you" in the singular and "you" in the plural are two different words. For example, to ask someone's name, you would say:
- "Wie heissen Sie?" (vi haisen zi) - "what is your name?" (formally)
- "Wie heisst du?" (wee heist du) - "what's your name?" (informally)
Say goodbye. The forms of farewell, like greetings, may differ depending on where you are and who you are talking to. However, in general, you can't go wrong if you use one of the following:
- "Auf Wiedersehen" (auf viderzeen) - "goodbye"
- "Tschüss" (chyuc) - "bye"
- "Ciao" (chao) - "bye" (this word is Italian, but often used by Germans)
Part 2
Starting a conversation
1. Ask the person how he is doing. You will not only show courtesy, but also demonstrate your knowledge of German!
  
  Tell me how you are. If you are asked the question "wie geht es Ihnen?" or "wie geht" s?, you can answer in different ways.
  
  Ask the person where he is from. A good way to start a conversation is to ask the interlocutor what city or country he is from. To do this, there are the following phrases (both formal and informal).
  - "Woher kommen Sie?" (woher komen zi) / "woher kommst du?" (voher comst du) - “where are you from?” / "where are you from?"
  - "Ich komme aus ..." (ih komme aus ...) - "I'm from ...". For example, "ich komme aus Russland" (ih kome aus rusland) - "I'm from Russia."
  - "Wo wohnen Sie?" (wo wohnst du) / "wo wohnst du?" (wonst doo) - "where do you live?" / "where do you live?". The verb "wohnen" is used with the name of the city, street, exact address; for a country or continent (but often for a city too), "leben" is used - "wo leben Sie?" (wo leben zee) / "wo lebst du?" (in lebst du).
  - “Ich wohne in ...” (ich wohne in ...) or “ich lebe in ...” (ich lebe in ...) - “I live in ...”. For example, "ich wohne / lebe in Moskau" (ih vone / lebe in moskau) - "I live in Moscow."
Part 3
Further communication
1. Learn a few more simple useful phrases."Ja" (I) means "yes", "nein" (nein) means "no".
  - "Wie bitte?" (vi bite) - "I'm sorry?" (if you need to ask again)
  - "Es tut mir leid!" (es here world - "I'm sorry!"
  - "Entschuldigung!" (entschuldigung) - "I'm sorry!"
2. Learn to say "please" and "thank you." In principle, there is a formal and informal way of expressing gratitude, but the usual "danke" (danke) - "thank you" - can be used in any situation.
3. Learn to formulate simple requests and questions about objects. To find out if something is available in a store, restaurant, and similar places, you can ask "haben Sie ...?" (haben zi ...) - "do you have ...?" For example, "haben Sie Kaffee?" (haben zi cafe) - "do you have coffee?"
  - If you want to ask about the price of something, ask the question "wie viel kostet das?" (vi fil costat das) - "how much does it cost?"
4. Learn to ask for directions. If you are lost or want to find a place, the following phrases will come in handy.
  - To ask for help, say "Können Sie mir helfen, bitte?" (kyonen zi world helfeng, bitae) - "Could you help me please?"
  - To ask for a location, say "Wo ist...?" (in ist ...) - “where is ...?”. For example, "wo ist die Toilette, bitte?" (wo ist di toilette, - “where is the toilet?” or “wo ist der Bahnhof?” (wo ist der bahnhof) - “where is the station?”
  - To make your question sound more polite, start it with an apology: "Entschuldigen Sie bitte, wo ist der Bahnhof?" (entshuldigen zi bite, vo ist der bahnhof) - "Excuse me, please, where is the station?"
  - To find out if a person speaks another language, ask: “Sprechen Sie englisch (russisch, französisch…)?” (shprechen zi English (Russian, French ...)), that is: “Do you speak English (Russian, French ...)?”
5. Learn to count in German. In general, German numerals follow the same logic as Russian or English ones. The main difference is that in numbers from 21 to 100, units are placed before tens. For example, 21 is "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzvantsikh), literally "one and twenty"; 34 is "vierunddreißig" (firuntdraisikh), literally "four and thirty"; 67 is "siebenundsechzig" (zibenuntzekhtsikh), literally "seven and sixty" and so on.
  - 1 - "eins" (ains)
  - 2 - "zwei" (zwei)
  - 3 - "drei" (dry)
  - 4 - "vier" (fir)
  - 5 - "unf" (funf)
  - 6 - "sechs" (zeks)
  - 7 - "sieben" (ziben)
  - 8 - "acht" (aht)
  - 9 - "neun" (noyn)
  - 10 - "zehn" (zein)
  - 11 - "elf" (elf)
  - 12 - "zwölf" (zwölf)
  - 13 - "dreizehn" (dreizen)
  - 14 - "vierzehn" (firzein)
  - 15 - "ünfzehn" (fünfzein)
  - 16 - "sechzehn" (zekhzein)
  - 17 - "siebzehn" (zip chain)
  - 18 - "achtzehn" (akhtzein)
  - 19 - "neunzehn" (neunzein)
  - 20 - "zwanzig" (zwanzig)
  - 21 - "einundzwanzig" (aynuntzwanzig)
  - 22 - "zweiundzwanzig" (zweiuntzwanzig)
  - 30 - "dreißig" (dreißig)
  - 40 - "vierzig" (firtsikh)
  - 50 - "ünfzig" (funzich)
  - 60 - "sechzig" (zekhtsikh)
  - 70 - "siebzig" (ziptsikh)
  - 80 - "achtzig" (ahtsikh)
  - 90 - "neunzig" (neunzig)
  - 100 - "hundert" (hundert)