Taking glucosamine medication. Glucosamine - what is it, composition and dosage Glucosamine sulfate formula
Joint pain has been affecting people since time immemorial. Doctors, acupuncturists, chiropractors use all sorts of means to improve the patient's condition, sometimes forgetting about the existence of natural and safe nutritional supplements. Glucosamine can be an excellent alternative to medications. Being present in the human body as a natural component, the substance maintains healthy joints and maintains youthful skin.
Glucosamine: what is it and what is it for?
Even people unfamiliar with joint problems have heard of glucosamine more than once. Doctors and patients talk about it, write in the media, professors and academics argue. What is this substance?
Glucosamine (Glucosamine) is an organic component synthesized by cartilage and is part of the synovial fluid. It is the main part of chondroitin and serves as a precursor of mucopolysaccharides. On this information, the idea was based on the ability of glucosamine to restore damaged tissues and joints.
The substance has found wide application in world medicine as an antirheumatological agent. Russian traumatology classifies it as a corrector of skeletal tissue metabolism and recommends it for the treatment of various osteodiseases.
Attention. Glucosamine has not yet been recognized by the US FDA as a medicinal product and is used only as a dietary supplement. The same situation is typical for Russian pharmacology.
The chemical composition of the chondroprotector is not very extensive. It includes oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon. The true formula of the substance: C 6 H 13 NO 5.
The monosaccharide is involved in the production of organic chondroitin, regenerates cartilage tissue, reduces inflammation and protects cells from oxidants. According to a number of experts, glucosamine improves the permeability of the joint bag, restores the metabolism and trophism of the joints, and stimulates the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in the bone tissue.
But the most important advantage of the chondroprotector is its ability to slow down the development of degenerative-dystrophic processes in the joint, relieve inflammation and reduce pain. The same substance is necessary for the body to maintain youthful skin. With a lack of monosaccharide, the dermis becomes flabby and sags, becomes dry and becomes covered with a network of wrinkles.
Properties of glucosamine in the body
Glucosamine is essential for the normal functioning of the body. That small amount of a substance that is produced independently is almost completely spent on the formation of connective tissue, making it elastic and elastic.
In addition, the monosaccharide is directly involved in other equally important processes, namely:
- activates the formation of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid;
- contributes to the accumulation of sulfur in the articular joints;
- stimulates the production of immunoglobulins and interferons, improves immunity;
- participates in the synthesis of hormones, in particular - gonadotropin, necessary for the successful development of pregnancy;
- restores metabolism;
- reduces the symptoms of interstitial cystitis;
- increases the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, improves the functioning of the heart muscle, protects against heart attacks.
A sufficient amount of glucosamine in the body facilitates the course of allergies, bronchial asthma, intestinal inflammation, and varicose veins. The monosaccharide is necessary for athletes and people involved in heavy physical labor, as well as for patients with multiple sclerosis.
The substance relieves pain in the back, knees and temporomandibular joint, saves from glaucoma and helps to lose weight.
The lack of such an important compound leads to the most adverse health consequences, therefore, without exception, additional intake of glucosamine tablets is necessary for everyone.
What is an artificial monosaccharide made from? Most often it is extracted from the chitinous cover of crustaceans and molluscs. The extracted proteins and calcium carbonate are subjected to long-term hydrolysis, turning into glucosamine hydrochloride. If you need to get the sulfate form of the monosaccharide, sulfur is added to the finished substance.
Much less often, glucosamine is made from raw materials of plant origin. In this case, the initial products are crushed and subjected to fermentation. This method of production excludes the occurrence of allergies to animal proteins, since they are absent in the final preparation.
Glucosamine sulfate
Glucosamine can exist in three forms:
- glucosamine sulfate;
- glucosamine hydrochloride;
- N-acetylglucosamine.
Glucosamine sulfate is a derivative of a monosaccharide and sulfuric acid salts. The product is unstable in the external environment and can quickly break down. The addition of salts - sodium chloride (table salt) or potassium chloride - helps to stabilize the substance. Their share can range from 13 to 25%.
Attention. The presence of NaCl must be taken into account for people with high blood pressure and diseases in which salt intake is contraindicated.
Glucosamine sulfate is widely used for all kinds of joint pathologies - arthrosis, arthritis, osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis. The drug is also used for the prevention of osteoporosis, with increased physical exertion in sports and everyday life.
The positive effect of the use of the supplement is observed 4-6 months after the start of administration.
The use of glucosamine sulfate in joint therapy leads to a decrease and sometimes complete disappearance of pain, restoration of mobility, improvement of the quality of synovial fluid and overall strengthening of the musculoskeletal system.
The combination of glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin gives the greatest effectiveness in the treatment of joints. The combined agent not only participates in the synthesis of the necessary components and reduces pain, but also retains moisture in cartilage tissues, relieves inflammation and facilitates movement. More information about glucosamine-chondroitin can be found in the article "".
Another, less well-known form of the monosaccharide, glucosamine hydrochloride (HCL), is over 80% pure and non-allergic. However, the process of its manufacture is complex and laborious, so the drug is less common on the market.
Which is more effective - glucosamine sulfate or glucosamine hydrochloride? Studies conducted in 2011 proved that the sulfate form of the monosaccharide is more effective in the treatment of articular pathologies, and HCL is safer.
What contains glucosamine?
Natural glucosamine is present in almost all animal products, although in insufficient quantities. In addition, the substance is easily destroyed under the influence of third-party factors, further reducing the value of dishes.
So, what foods contain glucosamine:
- any meat of animals and birds;
- hard cheeses;
- red fish;
- dairy products.
But there is especially a lot of monosaccharide in the skin of animals, bones, ligaments and cartilage, as well as in the fins of fish and shells of crustaceans. True, not everyone will agree to receive the necessary substance from such sources, and bringing the feedstock to a “digestible” state will take too much time and effort.
Vegetarians or raw foodists do not consume foods containing glucosamine, dooming themselves to an eternal lack of monosaccharide. The substance is present only in some inedible parts of the plant of origin, for example, in corn husks.
Attention. A diet containing meat dishes, aspics and jellies is unacceptable for patients with gouty arthritis. Therefore, people with this ailment need to get monosaccharide only from food supplements.
Instructions for use
To maintain the health of the body and prevent joint pathologies, experts recommend consuming 750-1500 mg of the active substance per day, which is usually 1-2 tablets. The capsules should be taken with food with a small amount of water.
If pathological disorders occur, the dosage of the monosaccharide is increased. The dosage regimen is also changing.
Glucosamine for the spine
With osteochondrosis, it is recommended to take 1500 mg of pure glucosamine per day, dividing the portion into two times. To obtain a stable therapeutic effect, the food supplement is consumed for a long time - at least 5-6 months. This period is associated with a slow accumulation of the active substance in cartilage tissues and a long regeneration process.
Moreover, the more destroyed the composition, the longer you have to take glucosamine. If necessary, the treatment is repeated after 1-3 months.
Advice. When choosing a nutritional supplement, you should pay attention to the content of 2KCl. Low levels of the active substance in terms of the daily dosage will force you to take more tablets.
With a hernia of the spine, an increased dose of glucosamine will help restore the structure of the discs and the intervertebral region. In the absence of contraindications (hypersensitivity to the drug, phenylketonuria and impaired renal function), the patient is recommended to take 2000–2500 mg of the active substance per day, dividing the daily dose into 3 doses.
With this treatment regimen, the accumulation of the chondroprotector in the affected area takes 2-3 months. The total duration of therapy depends on the severity of the damage and reaches one and a half years.
Glucosamine for joints
There is a mass of articular pathologies, which are characterized by a common feature - the destruction of cartilage tissue. This happens, as a rule, in the later stages of the lesion, so the sooner treatment begins, the faster the recovery will come.
How to drink chondroprotector for arthrosis and other joint ailments? Recommendations in this case do not differ from the generally accepted ones - 1-2 tablets of the drug per day with food. In case of serious violations (loss of mobility, disability), the specialist may prescribe a different dosage.
Attention. If after 2.5-3 months of taking the nutritional supplement the patient does not notice obvious improvements, it is recommended to stop treatment with glucosamine.
Most of the recovery complexes for the joints, in addition to the monosaccharide, contain chondroitin sulfate, which increases the overall effectiveness of the drugs. This combination of substances is very useful in bone fractures and torn ligaments.
According to the instructions, glucosamine for these injuries must be taken in stages:
- in the first 3 weeks of treatment - 1 capsule twice a day;
- in the next 1-3 months - reduce the dosage to 1 tablet per day;
- all the time until the tissues are completely healed, it is recommended to use a prophylactic dose of the drug.
The duration of treatment for fractures is at least six months. During this time, not only bones and ligaments grow together, but also muscle tissues and nerve endings are restored.
Glucosamine for skin
How to take glucosamine to maintain healthy skin and eliminate wrinkles? We already know that the monosaccharide stimulates the production of its own hyaluronic acid and collagen - the best moisturizers and basic elements that make up the framework of the dermis.
Attention. Especially useful for the skin is the intake of glucosamine at the age of 30-60 years. The use of a monosaccharide in an earlier period will not give any result, and in a later period it will no longer cope with the changes.
The use of a food supplement both for the prevention of senile imperfections and for their elimination is carried out according to the general scheme - 1500 mg of the substance per day.
You should not hope that the drug will instantly erase the years from the face, remove all wrinkles and folds. No, of course this will not happen. By consuming glucosamine, you will get healthy, firm and elastic skin filled with moisture and radiance. And no one will notice wrinkles.
Glucosamine and diabetes
A number of serious clinical studies have confirmed that glucosamine is not recommended for diabetes mellitus. The fact is that the monosaccharide negatively affects the pancreas, slowing down the production of insulin.
As a result, patients have increased blood glucose levels and worsen their well-being. To cope with this condition, even with the help of drugs, it can be very difficult.
Glucosamine in sports nutrition
High physical activity in sports is always associated with intensive work of the joints. To maintain healthy joints and protect themselves from injuries and sprains, athletes take various nutritional supplements.
Such a measure of protection is most common in bodybuilding and other sports associated with weight lifting.
Conducted medical studies have shown that tendons and articular surfaces, regularly exposed to stress, require a huge amount of glucosamine. Therefore, it will not be a mistake for athletes to increase the amount of nutritional supplement to 3000-4500 mg of the substance per day.
The dosage and frequency of drug use is most often determined by a physician or trainer, taking into account the characteristics of the diet and the period of training. If you do not pay attention to the various subtleties inherent in an individual approach, sports nutrition is taken three times a day, simultaneously with food. It is better to do this before training or immediately after it.
Glucosamine is a drug designed to stimulate the processes of cartilage tissue regeneration. Instructions for use informs that tablets 300 mg, powder for solution, stimulate the synthesis of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid. Reviews of rheumatologists confirm that this drug helps in the treatment of arthrosis and osteochondrosis.
Release form and composition
The drug is available in the form of coated tablets. The polymer package contains 30, 60, 90 or 100 tablets. Also coated tablets can be packed in blisters of 10, 12 or 15 pcs.
The powder used to prepare the solution is contained in sachets, in a pack of cardboard - 20 sachets.
4 g of powder contains: active substance: glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride - 1.884 g, which is equivalent to the content of 1.5 g of glucosamine sulfate; auxiliary components: citric acid monohydrate, sorbitol, macrogol 4000.
The active substance of the tablets is glucosamine sulfate, in 1 tablet its content is 0.75 g.
pharmachologic effect
Glucosamine is a drug that affects the metabolism in cartilage tissue. Replenishes the natural deficiency of glucosamine, stimulates the synthesis of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid; increases the permeability of the joint capsule, restores enzymatic processes in the cells of the synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
Promotes the fixation of sulfur in the process of synthesis of chondroitinsulfuric acid, facilitates the normal deposition of calcium in bone tissue, inhibits the development of degenerative processes in the joints, restores their function and reduces pain.
Indications for use
What helps Glucosamine? Before starting treatment, the patient must clearly know what glucosamine is and how it works. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of people who suffer from arthrosis and osteoarthritis of the spine and peripheral joints.
In particular, the drug is prescribed in cases where these conditions are accompanied by pain and deterioration of joint mobility.
Instructions for use
Glucosamine powder for oral solution
The powder is intended for oral administration after dissolution in water in the proportion: 4 g (1 package) of the drug - 200 ml of water. The doctor prescribes the dose and period of use individually based on clinical indications. Recommended dosage: 1 packet of powder 1 time per day, course duration - 6 weeks.
Coated tablets
Tablets are taken orally during a meal, drinking plenty of water. The dose and duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. Recommended dosage: 2 pcs. per day, the duration of the course is 6 weeks.
To achieve a sustainable therapeutic effect, it is possible to extend the course of therapy. If necessary, after 8 weeks of interruption, the treatment with the drug is repeated.
See also: how to take an analogue for arthrosis and osteochondrosis.
Contraindications
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- phenylketonuria (if the medicinal product contains aspartame);
- hypersensitivity to glucosamine.
Side effects
In most cases, the drug is well tolerated. During treatment, pain in the epigastric region, flatulence, and stool disorders are sometimes manifested. Headaches, hypersensitivity of the skin can also periodically appear.
Similar side effects can also be observed when taking other drugs that contain this substance, for example, Glucosamine Plus, Dona Glucosamine, Glucosamine Chondroitin Super Formula, etc. If these or other adverse events develop, you should consult a specialist.
Children, during pregnancy and lactation
Glucosamine is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
The tool is not assigned to children and adolescents under 15 years of age, as there are no clear data on its safety.
special instructions
During treatment, you should limit the intake of sugar and fluids, avoid alcohol. You need to take the remedy every day, a long course of treatment is necessary.
If the patient is obese or is taking diuretics, the dose can be increased.
drug interaction
The properties of glucosamine sulfate are such that when taken simultaneously with tetracycline drugs, intestinal absorption of drugs may increase. The drug, when taken simultaneously, reduces the level of absorption of chloramphenicol and penicillins.
The agent enhances the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs, and there is also a decrease in the negative effects of corticosteroids on cartilage tissue.
A specialist will help you choose the optimal drug containing glucosamine.
Analogues of the drug Glucosamine
According to the structure, analogues are determined:
- Unium.
- Pharmaskin THC.
- Aminoartrin.
- Glucosamine hydrochloride.
- Glucosamine sulfate 750.
- Glucosamine sulfate.
- Elbon.
Holiday conditions and price
The average cost of Glucosamine Chondroitin (tablets No. 60) in Moscow is 295 rubles. Released without a prescription.
Keep away from children. Store at temperatures up to 25 C. Shelf life: powder - 3 years, tablets - 5 years.
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Glucosamine - a substance produced by the cartilage tissue of the joints.In the body, it is produced little, especially in diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
HEALING PROPERTIES OF GLUCOSAMINE:
INfills the natural deficiency of glucosamine, stimulatesproductionhyaluronic acid
- facilitates the normal deposition of calcium in bone tissue
- inhibits the development of degenerative processes in the joints, restores their function and reduces pain.
- normalizes the composition and amount of intra-articular fluid
- relieves inflammation and pain
- stimulates collagen production
INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF GLUCOSAMINE:
With osteoarthritis
- as part of the complex treatment of osteochondrosis
- with shoulder-scapular periarthritis
- with spondylosis
- after injury
- with degenerative processes of bone tissue in old age
-
loss of sensation and crunch in the joints
- tendon inflammation
- joint pain when walking, squatting, bending over
FORMS OF GLUCOSAMINE:
1. Glucosamine hydrochloride (HCL) - Produced from crustacean chitin or plant sources
Glucosamine content - more than 80%
It dissolves better in water, so it is absorbed by the body almost completely
It is produced not only from animal sources, but also from plant sources, including corn husks, which means it is safer. The corn is ground and fermented. Such a product has an incomparably higher chemical purity and 100% does not contain animal protein that can cause allergies. This is the absolute best glucosamine option.
It may not be labeled as glucosamine hydrochloride, but as:
Corn (a source -
corn)
- Vegan, 100% Vegetarian, Vegetarian Source (veggie)
- GreenGrow (a source -
veggie)
- Shellfish-Free, Non-Shellfish (not from crustaceans)
2. Glucosamine sulfate (2KCl or NaCl) - made from crustacean chitin
Glucosamine content - 60-65%
It is a compound of glucosamine and the rest of the salt of sulfuric acid. Such a substance is unstable: it absorbs water from the air and quickly oxidizes. In this regard, sodium chloride NaCl (table salt) or potassium chloride 2KCl is added to stabilize. The finished preparation of glucosamine sulfate contains from 13 to 24% sodium chloride.
It turns out that when taking 1500 mg of glucosamine sulfate per day, a person receives up to 400 mg (25% by weight) of table salt. However, the daily intake of table salt is just 400 mg. But a person still receives salt with food. Therefore, when taking it, the patient may have an overdose of salt, which is harmful for hypertension, kidney disease, and for people involved in sports.
The main supplier of glucosamine sulfate is China. It is obtained from the chitin of crustaceans that live in the South China Sea. They contain large amounts of hormones and chemicals that are fed to them to promote growth.
For example, the United Kingdom banned the import of crustacean products from China a few years ago due to the large amount of hormones in the products. Glucosamine sulfate produced from such raw materials can cause allergic reactions both to seafood components and to other substances that are technically impossible to remove from the substance.
Such glucosamine can also be labeled not as glucosamine sulfate, but as:
Chitin (chitin)
-Chitin source(a source -
chitin)
-Shellfish source(a source -
shellfish)
- marine source (nautical a source)
-
Shrimps,
crabs(shrimps, crabs)
3. N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) - a compound of glucosamine, a nitrogenous base and a salt of acetic acid. But high stability reduces the healing effect of this substance, so this form of glucosamine is most often used in the production of cosmetics.
4. Poly N-acetyl-glucosamine (Poly NAG) - the most expensive and least effective form of glucosamine.
Thus, hereforms of glucosamine in descending order of usefulness, absorption, safety and efficacy :
1. Vegetable glucosamine hydrochloride (corn, vegan,GreenGrow, shellfish-free)
2. Glucosamine hydrochloride of animal origin (chitin, shellfish, shrimps, crabs)
3. Glucosamine sulfate stabilized with potassium chloride (2KCl)
4. Glucosamine sulfate stabilized with sodium chloride (NaCl)
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR USE GLUCOSAMINE:
Diabetes. Although there is no obvious negative effect, it is recommended to check with your doctor about the possibility of using glucosamine
- if the source of glucosamine is shellfish (crab, shrimp, lobster, crayfish), caution should be exercised in people allergic to them
- pregnancy, breastfeeding period
- children's age up to 12 years
- individual sensitivity to the components of the drug
SIDE EFFECTS GLUCOSAMINE:
Heaviness in the abdomen
- nausea
- flatulence
- bowel disorder
To avoid these symptoms, it is recommended to take glucosamine with meals (not on an empty stomach).
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS WHEN USING GLUCOSAMINE:
Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages
- it is desirable to reduce the amount of sugar consumed, since glucosamine impairs the body's sensitivity to insulin
- impairs the absorption of antibiotics of the penicillin group and agents with chloramphenicol
- Cannot be used with anticoagulants
At the same time, when taken simultaneously with glucosamine, drugs from the tetracycline group and Ibuprofen are better absorbed.
RECEPTION AND DOSAGE GLUCOSAMINE:
In accordance with the Guidelines "Norms of physiological needs for energy and nutrients for various groups of the population of the Russian Federation", developed by the State Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, the recommended intake level for adults is 700 mg / day.
With sports training or at the beginning of treatment for arthrosis in the absence of allergic reactions and other side effects, the dose for the first month or two is set at 2000-2500 mg.
The maximum safe dose is 3000 mg per day.
When taking glucosamine sulfate stabilized with sodium chloride, salt should be excluded from the diet.
Duration of admission should be at least 12 weeks. Long-term, up to 3 years, therapy gives the best results.
According to clinical indications, an intermittent treatment regimen of 12-16 weeks with a break of 8-10 weeks is acceptable.
FORMS OF USE GLUCOSAMINE:
Capsules are the most common form. Easy to store and take.
- tablets -are worse absorbed by the body, since the body still needs to dissolve them.
On theiHerbglucosamine is introduced both in pure form and with the addition of other components:
- chondroitin- is the main component of cartilage tissue. It is added for a purpose similar to that of glucosamine - to provide the body with the building blocks to create connective tissue in the joints.
- MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) - natural form of organic sulfur. Sulfur promotes the growth and renewal of hair, skin and nails. It is an effective pain reliever for diseases associated with the joints. Supports the production of collagen, the condition of connective tissues, joints and improves range of motion. Enhances the action of glucosamine and chondroitin.
- hyaluronic acid - is an integral part of the synovial fluid, located directly in the joint and has a positive effect on metabolic processes in the tissues of the joint and the cartilage itself.
At the same time, today there is no consensus on what works better - the use of each component separately or combination therapy.
Below in the table - glucosamine, which is sold on iHerb both in its pure form without impurities, and with the addition of MSM, chondroitin and hyaluronic acid. The main criterion for selection is the presence of an active substance in the form of a glitchosamine hydrochloride vegetable origin (corn, vegan,GreenGrow, shellfish-free).
| Name | Price per package, rub. | The form | Dose of glucosamine per 1 capsule/tablet | The presence of sodium in 1 capsule / tablet (daily rate - 400 mg) | The price of a daily dose is about 1,000 mg, rub. | Note |
| Now Foods, 1000 Vegetarian Glucosamine, 90 Veg Capsules | 755 | Capsules | 1000 mg | 0 mg | 8,39 | Clean |
Many people know the drug for the treatment of the musculoskeletal system glucosamine sulfate . However, in a study on aged mice, it was shown that glucosamine sulfate increased the Average Life Span of mice by 10%,
and even slightly increased their Maximum Lifespan. And this means that even if you start using glucosamine sulfate in old age, when it is already too late to take many medicines, the Average Life Expectancy is still growing.
The material in this article is for illustrative and educational purposes only and is not warranted for any medical use. For more information, please contact your doctor.
And what glucosamine sulfate shows in human studies? As you know, the main ones are (about 40%), cardiovascular diseases (about 50%), colds, in view of, and others. So. Glucosamine sulfate showed in humans a reduction in mortality from cancer by 13%, from respiratory diseases by 41%. And cancerous tumors and respiratory diseases are a sign of the old age of the immune system, as a result of which general inflammation occurs throughout the body. It is assumed that glucosamine sulfate reduces inflammation due to inhibition (containment) of the nuclear factor, as well as due to imitation, as the most reliable means of prolonging life. The nF-kB factor controls the functioning of the immune system and the self-destruction of cancerous tumors. If its work is disturbed, autoimmune diseases occur - signs of aging of the immune system (lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, autoimmune anemia, allergies, etc.), as well as viral infections are difficult to tolerate, and various forms of cancer occur.
Scientific Credibility: Life Extension Research in Aged Mice http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3988823/
As can be seen from the graph, if at week 135 40% of mice using glucosamine sulfate (red group of dots) were still alive, only 20% of mice survived in the control group.
In another study on elderly people from the US and Europe (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4342228) reduction in mortality from cancer and from respiratory diseases. In a human study, glucosamine has been shown to reduce mortality from cancer (13%), respiratory disease (41%), and other causes (33%). The proposed mechanism of action is the suppression of inflammation through inhibition of the nuclear factor nF-kB, as well as the imitation of a diet with a low glycemic load. It is recommended to take 1500 mg of glucosamine sulfate once a day. 2-3 months course, a month break.
- ajcn.nutrition.org/content/91/6/1791
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3901559/
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24714520
- How to stop human aging
Svetlana, can this help? There is an example of the treatment of my friend. video in the link youtube.com/watch?v=C7n8RtX0CFQ&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR32wQT7QdkDO8wNhguM0_31oQDmgzAvRJyv_4L4zhm6w4dINhF7k0LOMTI
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Good evening! C reactive protein 2 how to reduce? Do you drink glucosamine? P.s. I don't have a cold, I don't get sick.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
find out the reason
Is it possible to combine metformin and glucosamine?
If not, why not?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
It is forbidden. Their combination has not been tested in studies. Both are mitohormetins. Mitopoisoning will be possible together
Dmitry, hello! Can I drink glucosamine with a HOMA-IR index of 1.4 (fasting glucose 5.1, insulin 6.2)? (doubts, because according to the Open Longevity norm<= 1,4)
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Listen to the algorithm
In the instructions for the drug Dona (glucosamine sulfate, Germany) I read the following: “Studies have shown that the drug DONA® does not affect blood sugar levels in both healthy individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, Dona® can be taken by patients with diabetes mellitus. Dmitry, please comment.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
The effect on sugar levels is not the cause of death in people with diabetes, and therefore cannot be a guarantee of safety in diabetes.
Hello Dmitry! Here is a link to a video clip of the “live healthy” program, where it is stated that chondroprotectors, which include glucosamine, are simply useless means whose effect has not been proven. You can comment on these statements osteohondrozinfo.com/preparaty/rumalon-i-alflutop
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Correctly stated in relation to the joints. Proven to prolong life.
Dmitry, are you against glucosamine hydrochloride?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Do not mind. Just glucosamine is much more effective.
- Yuri
Yes, it looks like hydrochloride can be more considered as a raw material for the production of HS.
- Yuri
Dmitry, you mentioned that it is undesirable to mix mitohormetins. Is it possible in this case to take glucosamine sulfate and eat broccoli?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Good afternoon Dmitry. Earlier, on 12/16/2018, I sent you a link where Malysheva's kmn (the "live healthy" program) claims that a double-blind study has proven that Glucosamine does not cure arthritis. My personal experience of using glucosamine with chondoitin (though only on me and two people close to me, one of which my wife crawled to the toilet on her knees for back pain and was afraid to cough so as not to cause pain, after a day of using glucosamine with chondroitin, I got to my feet and began to walk, the pain was gone) showed something that magically removes back pain, I saw such a miracle for the first time and experienced for myself what kind of diagnosis there was not clear acute inflammation, but the more powerless the doctor, the more he invents diagnoses, and also spices up Latin to maintain his authority. Now, in our regional center, doctors in this case are already prescribing glucosamine with chondroitin for back pain.
The question is, is there any research that is better for pain in the back, joints, glucosamine alone or together with chondroitin
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Found this warning about glucosamine: youtube.com/watch?v=yS8jL-0IWM8
Apparently it is necessary to develop a reduction in dosage or completely cancel, especially for prevention.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
- Yuri
yes, but she refers to research - you listen
- Yuri
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15149952
Glucosamine-induced alterations of mitochondrial function in pancreatic beta-cells: possible role of protein glycosylation- Yuri
I must say, I popped 1.5 grams of glucosamine - and felt that I have a pancreas ... It often reminded me of itself before. What is it connected with? Maybe not with glucosamine, but hardly. Fact!
- Dmitry Veremeenko
I know about it. In clinical studies, this appears at a dose of 3000 mg per day. We use 1500 mg per day. This has been discussed many times already. Any substance in a high dose is harmful. So sulforaphane from broccoli, if you eat a head of cabbage a day, it increases the mobility of transposons, which is onco dangerous. There is nothing useful that you can eat as much as you like.
- Yuri
- Yuri
- Yuri
I understand, thanks. I think if you use it, then three times less than 1.5 g. In such a dose, GA will probably not show any effect at all?
- Yuri
Perhaps it is worth using in a daily dose of 1.5 g, but fractionally?
- Yuri
I understand that glucose is also toxic to pancreatic beta cells. It's all about the dose at the moment, unless glucosamine accumulates in the pancreas to a significant extent. This issue needs to be studied. I don't think the danger should be ignored.
- Yuri
Everything seems to be fine here: diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/55/11/3142
- Yuri
The maximal concentrations of plasma glucosamine we observed after administration of the standard 500-mg oral dose (∼3 μmol/l) is ∼1,000- to 10,000-fold less than glucosamine concentrations used in human, animal, and cell-based studies reporting effects of glucosamine to cause insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction (12,13,15,18,20,25,43). Moreover, the peak concentrations of glucosamine we observed after 500 mg oral dosing is also ∼1,000-fold below the Km of GLUT4 for glucosamine transport (44). Thus, based solely upon pharmacokinetic considerations and what is known about glucosamine distribution, it seems unlikely that oral glucosamine administration at standard doses would pose safety problems from either a metabolic or vascular perspective.
- Yuri
Indeed, treatment of cells in vitro with glucosamine (1–10 mmol/l) causes both insulin resistance and endothelial cell dysfunction. More importantly, intravenous infusions of glucosamine that achieve plasma concentrations of 0.5–1.8 mmol/l in both animals and humans causes insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction.
Yes, such concentrations in the blood do not occur when taking pen os, but it is not entirely clear whether they allow the possibility of accumulation of glucosamine by beta cells; and I have no idea whether such a cumulation is possible. (The normal concentration of glucosamine in the blood is 5 µmol/L according to this article.)
- Dmitry Veremeenko
That's why we use all the drugs in courses - glucosamine only in the months of anti-cancer
- Yuri
CONCLUSION: NO DANGER IN GENERAL
- Yuri
- Yuri
- Dmitry Veremeenko
We already studied this issue 3 years ago.
- Yuri
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Can be done in 2 doses
- Alexander
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Hyaluronic acid is never absorbed. The rest just don't work
That's what's very interesting. The half-life of glucosamine is 68 hours!!!
- Yuri
I don't quite understand what this means. After all, glucosamine is a metabolite and is included in tissues, which means that the concept of the half-life for it is not entirely correct. On the other hand, such high concentrations of glucosamine in the blood apparently cannot be considered physiological and probably do not even occur during pathological processes and various kinds of physical overload. It follows from this that glucosamine, it can be assumed, acts as a medicine, showing exactly the medicinal effect - it is not fully included in the metabolism, it is not integrated into tissues, but is deposited somewhere in its native state.
- Yuri
It might be easier. They simply determine the half-life of radioactive labels. Naturally, glucosamine is built into the tissues and is not going to come out of there - which is natural. It is necessary to connect scientists pharmacologists to answer these questions.
- Yuri
In general, even if 68 hours (3 days), then it's okay if you calculate the rolling dose.
- Yuri
- Yuri
Further research on glucosamine is required. So far, it has been proven to cause insulin resistance when administered intravenously.
For example, the study below shows that in rats, glucosamine induces apoptosis of a small number of beta cells as early as day 28 of oral administration at a dose of 40 mg/kg per day. I do not know how exactly to translate this dose into a human one, but it will be about 3 g (40 * 70 kg).
researchgate.net/publication/305613061_HISTOLOGICAL_AND_BIOCHEMICAL_PANCREATIC_CHANGES_ASSOCIATED_WITH_LONG-TERM_ORAL_GLUCOSAMINE_THERAPY
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Doesn't call. Only in high doses
- Yuri
Dimitri, good. You are probably sure of this, therefore you accept it yourself and can back it up with your own experience, in the sense of analyzes that indicate the absence of problems. What are these indicators, besides the level of glucose in the blood?
- Yuri
Dmitry, during training with iron, pulled a ligament in the brachialis area, it does not hurt at rest, but with a bent tense arm, turning the hand left and right, the pain is somewhere in the biceps. can chondroguard help in healing? if not, what would you recommend?
With uv. Sergei.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Can not. Rest 2-3 months - complete rest. Then contact the physical education dispensary to prescribe physiotherapy exercises. Without physiotherapy, recovery can take 1-2 years, or even never.
Hello Dmitry,
if in the algorithm I enter the value of the HOMA IR index = 2, then with my BMI = 25.8 (in the table in the comments it is written that the value of the HOMA IR index is not taken into account when overweight), glucosamine is NOT prescribed.
If I set the HOMA IR index = 0 (do not enter the values), then glucosamine is prescribed.
Is this a bug or is it that the value of the HOMA IR index is not always taken into account?
Thanks.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Zero is not required. Because that doesn't happen
- Katerina
Still, it seems that in the algorithm, the prescription of glucosamine does not depend on body mass index.
Despite elevated BMI, glucosamine is prescribed for normal HOMA IR and is not prescribed for elevated.Initially, I thought that before taking glucosamine, you need to lose weight to a normal BMI. And then take a blood test for insulin and glucose. Until then, just lose weight) Without glucosamine sulfate.
I was right?- Dmitry Veremeenko
Because glucosamine sulfate prolongs life for those who are shortened by inflammatory processes (increased c-reactive protein). If the reactive protein is normal, then glucosamine sulfate is not prescribed. There are many more nuances - there are hundreds of them.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
- Katerina
Why can you take these 2 methohormetins: glucosamine + broccoli, but not glucosamine + metformin?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Because broccoli and glucosamine are combined, there are examples. And how glucosamine and metofrmine will interact is unknown. And also sulforaphane, like mitohormetin, is not strong. And glucosamine and metofrmine are strong.
Dmitry, please advise ... We have Pyritans Pride, American capsules - Glucosamine hydrochloride 1, 500 mg and Chondrotin sulfate + collogen - 1, 194 mg. Is this a good drug, can I buy and take it?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Glucosamine hydrochloride is almost not bioavailable. Collagen is not absorbed at all
- Anna
collagen is absorbed. I observe on my ligaments and skin. but I take it along with enzymes, proline and carnosine.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
- Anna
Hello Dmitry!
I use option #8. Now there is a new recommendation for glucosamine. I would like to clarify. If my c-reactive protein is normal (during the year 0.3 - 0.6) and HOMA is less than 1.5 - (1.1), then it makes no sense to drink glucosamine? I just bought 3 cans of it, so I'm thinking what to do with them.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Yes - no need. Wait for your inflammatory markers to rise
Some drink glucose sulfate and think that it somehow helps them. But does it help, from what, does it harm? Glucosamine has been shown to prolong the lifespan of animals and has been associated with reduced mortality in humans. But how to make its use controlled?2009 University of North Carolina. Glucosamine (preferably sulfate) in human studies reduced the risk of death from colorectal and lung cancer, possibly by reducing inflammation (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423520). However, the exact mechanism has not been previously established. But, for example, in a study by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA from 2015, it was found that glucose in a pilot study at a dosage of 1500 mg per day in an RCT in people with a body mass index of 25.0–32.5 kg/m2 for 28 days in aged 20-55 years reduced C-reactive protein by 23% (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25719429) (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22828954). That glucosamine can reduce cancer mortality by lowering C-reactive protein levels seems quite plausible, since, for example, an increase in C-reactive protein from 1 to 5 mg / l in blood tests linearly increases the risk of lung cancer by 3- 5 times based on VO2max (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26008754).
Therefore, if C-reactive protein is higher than 1 mg/l and there are no contraindications (HOMA-IR is not elevated in blood tests ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17570985, etc.) to the use of glucose sulfate, then therapy with this substance at a dosage 1500 mg per day may reduce cancer and all-cause mortality (academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/91/6/1791/4597416) by reducing inflammation, which is reflected in a decrease in the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein, expected to be approximately by 23%.
It is important to note that glucosamine sulfate is likely to be able to extend the life of especially elderly mice and humans, which is quite valuable. So glucosamine extended the life of already very old mice (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3988823). And a 2010 study from the University of Washington, USA examined (among 77,673 participants) the use of 13 dietary supplements in the elderly, including glucosamine, in a 10-year study. Interestingly, neither Palmetto, nor β-carotene, nor flexo biloba, nor garlic, nor selenium, nor fish oil, nor other vitamins and minerals, nor multivitamin complexes involved in this study, reduced the mortality of older people, and some of them even raised. Fish oil increased the risk if it was used more than 3 times a week. And only glucosamine and chondroitin were associated with a reduction in overall mortality. The study involved Washington State residents aged 50 to 76 (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410091)
- Yuri
Interestingly, due to what chondroitin reduced mortality?
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Chondroitin did not reduce in animals at all. Most likely, it was simply used together with glucosamine - hence the connection
- Dmitry Veremeenko
- Yuri
Its healing properties have not materialized in other studies.
All relevant information is in the section ANTI-AGING PLAN and AGING THERANOSTICS
However, glucosamine sulfate can increase intraocular pressure, so you should not use it with glaucoma.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/27768119
- Julia
Dmitry, hello. This addition about the possibility of an increase in intraocular pressure in those taking glucosamine sulfate is very significant, as it seems to me. I saw him today quite by accident. I think if I had known about this earlier, I would not have risked taking glucosamine. I have had glaucoma for 4 years now and lately my blood pressure has become a little higher, although I am constantly dripping prescribed drops. I drink glucosamine according to the algorithm. I can’t say that it was he who caused the increase in IOP, but it’s probably impossible to exclude this either. Perhaps it would be more correct to add a question about the presence of glaucoma in the questions when filling out the algorithm? And do not recommend taking glucosamine to those who have it. You wrote "not worth it". Somehow it’s not very definite .. Still, is it possible or IMPOSSIBLE? Or reduce the dose? I'm having cancer month right now and I'm on 1500mg of glucosamine.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
Glucosamine can sometimes increase intraocular pressure when used continuously. And it's reversible. Therefore, when using courses for a month with interruptions, such effects should not be expected.
- Dmitry Veremeenko
8 healthy women over 50 who took 250mg Glucosamine sulfate once a day for 8 weeks showed a clear improvement in their skin.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28214837
karger.com/Article/FullText/450832
Here, apparently, the skin matrix has improved due to greater filling with hyaluronic acid.
- Heat
(English Glucosamine) is a natural substance found in the fluid around our joints. It is naturally present in animal bones, bone marrow, shellfish and mushrooms.
Plays a vital role in the formation of cartilage by participating in the creation of cartilage-forming molecules and is commonly consumed as a supplement by people with arthritis, especially osteoarthritis.
Especially glucosamine sulfate, are derived from chitin, the hard outer shell of shrimp, lobster and crabs, and are made into food supplements and medicines. It can also be artificially created in a lab for people with shellfish allergies.
Can be supplied in a variety of forms, including:
glucosamine sulfate,
glucosamine hydrochloride,
N-acetyl-glucosamine.
These three forms glucosamine may not have the same effect when used as a dietary supplement, and most of the studies examining the potential health benefits of glucosamine have focused on glucosamine sulfate.
Food supplements containing glucosamine, often combined with other ingredients, including chondroitin sulfate, (MSM), or.
Glucosamine: mechanism of action
Occurs naturally, and is one of the "building blocks" of cartilage (a combination of glucose and an amino acid with glucosamine).
Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans and larger molecules are made from glucosamine, which, when combined with proteins (such as collagen and elastin), form the extracellular matrix and cartilage in the joints. Experiments show that glucosamine acts at the level of the chondrocyte (cartilage cell), stimulating the production of cartilage and preventing degradation. Studies that have been done suggest that very few glucosamine taken orally actually enters the joints. This increases the likelihood of a placebo effect, but I do not rule out that the mechanisms of action of glucosamine are still not well understood.
G lucosamine: why do we need it?
Cartilage is a flexible, connective and elastic tissue that functions as a padding cushion for bones and joints. Articular cartilage needs glucosamine, because it is a precursor of glycosaminoglycans ( glucosamine produces glycosaminoglycans). Glycosaminoglycans, in turn, are the main component of articular cartilage.
Plays an important role in the fixation of sulfur in cartilage junctions.
As we age, glucosamine levels decrease, which can lead to eventual joint degradation. There is some evidence that sulfate supplements glucosamine help counteract this effect, although experts aren't sure exactly how it works. Definitely, glucosamine has been shown in some studies to help relieve and alleviate the pain of osteoarthritis of the knee. may also help with pain in other joints caused by osteoarthritis.
Also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other problems such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, allergies, chronic venous insufficiency, sports injuries, temporomandibular joint problems, chronic back pain, and many others. In combination with cetyl myristoleate, participates in the regeneration of cartilaginous joints and protects against wear.
Glucosamine: osteoarthritis
The results of several well-designed scientific studies show that supplements with glucosamine may be an effective treatment for osteoarthritis, especially osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Overall, these studies show that glucosamine:
Reduces pain associated with osteoarthritis;
Improves motor function in people with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee;
Reduces joint swelling and stiffness;
Provides relief from symptoms of osteoarthritis for up to 3 months after stopping treatment.
Most studies show that glucosamine must be taken for 2 to 4 months to be effective, although you may experience some improvement sooner. and chondroitin can be used in conjunction with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to treat osteoarthritis.
inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis
IBD refers to long-term inflammation of part or all of the gastrointestinal tract. Examples of IBD include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. IBD is painful and can be debilitating and sometimes life-threatening if there are complications.
Ulcerative colitis affects part of the gastrointestinal tract, and Crohn's disease can cause inflammation in any part of the mucosa along the gastrointestinal tract, often extending deep into the affected tissue.
Researchers in a pilot study conducted at the University of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Royal Free in London, UK concluded that N-acetyl glucosamine(GlcNAc), glucosamine, as a dietary supplement, has shown promise as a low-cost and non-toxic treatment for chronic inflammatory bowel disease in children who do not respond to other treatments (severe resistance to bowel disease treatment).
used for many other painful conditions and diseases. However, not enough research has been done to prove the effectiveness of the use glucosamine.
Painful bladder syndrome (interstitial cystitis). Initial research indicates that taking a particular product containing glucosamine sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, quercetin, rutin four times a day for 12 months reduces symptoms of painful bladder syndrome;
Multiple sclerosis. Early research suggests that taking 1000 mg glucosamine sulfate orally daily for 6 months can reduce the recurrence of sclerosis;
Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The TMJ is a joint in the jaw that dentists often check for pressure and proper alignment. This can be a factor associated with jaw pain, chewing, yawning, and talking. Some studies show that taking glucosamine sulfate works just as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, etc.) for jaw pain relief. Some people experience pain relief within 90 days of stopping glucosamine sulfate;
In combination with hyaluronic acid, glucosamine used in cosmetology to rejuvenate the skin and reduce wrinkles;
Glaucoma;
Weight loss.
G lucosamine: available shapes
Available as tablets, capsules and powder. It is often combined with chondroitin, and sometimes also with. Manganese is a trace mineral that is essential for normal bone health. The total amount of manganese in food and supplements should not exceed 11 mg per day, but several combination arthritis supplements (containing glucosamine, chondroitin and manganese) may contain more. Read labels carefully and choose a manganese-free supplement.
Glucosamine hydrochloride is reported to be better absorbed by the body.
Also available as an injection that your doctor can inject directly into the joint. N-acetyl glucosamine also available as an enema.
G lucosamine: how to use
adults
Usual Dose for Osteoarthritis: Glucosamine sulfate or hydrochloride, 500 mg, 3 times a day, for 30 to 90 days. A single dose per day should not exceed 1.5 g (1500 mg).
You may need to take supplements on a long-term basis to reduce the pain and inflammation of osteoarthritis. Consult with your physician.
Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ): 500 mg three times a day.
Glucosamine sulfate, as an injection twice a week for 6 weeks, or applied to the skin as a cream in combination with chondroitin sulfate, shark cartilage, and linseed oil for up to 8 weeks maximum.
Glucosamine: Precautions
Due to the potential for side effects and drug interactions, dietary supplements should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
Research shows that glucosamine is safe and causes only minor side effects such as heartburn, gas, indigestion, bloating, nausea and diarrhea. If this is the case, try taking glucosamine with food. People with peptic ulcers should take glucosamine sulfate only with food.
Glucosamine sulfate may contain large amounts of sodium or potassium. People on a restricted diet or who are taking diuretics containing potassium should check the label carefully before taking supplements with glucosamine.
People with diabetes when taking glucosamine you need to check your blood sugar regularly. can make insulin work less efficiently.
Some drugs glucosamine are made from shellfish, so people with shellfish allergies should check with their doctor before taking them.
Pregnant and lactating women should not take glucosamine, as its effects and safety are not well understood.
May increase blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels. If you are susceptible to such problems, you should take glucosamine under the supervision of the attending physician.
There is a fear that glucosamine may increase exacerbations in some patients with asthma.
Glucosamine: buy, price
Here is such a large range of forms, dosages and manufacturers glucosamine:
1. Buy glucosamine at a low price and with guaranteed high quality, you can in the well-known American organic online store, so beloved by the inhabitants of Russia and the CIS (purchase in rubles, hryvnia, etc., reviews in Russian for each additive).
2. Detailed step-by-step instructions for placing an order (very simple): !
3. At the first order, it is given and you will save 5 dollars on the cost of the entire package and 5% on all the rest! We recommend that you definitely use it, because. with the second order, there will be no more discounts and even cashback sites