Dream Interpretation of Udilova 

Examples of subordinate clauses. Complex sentences with subordinate clauses of place and time. lesson plan in the Russian language (grade 9) on the topic. Do exercises in groups


Temporal subordinate clauses contain an indication of the time of the action or manifestation of the characteristic, which is mentioned in the main part of the sentence. Subordinate clauses answer the questions “when?”, “how long?”, “since when?”, “until when?”, “for how long?” and refer to the entire main part: As you enter the cast-iron gate (when?), a blissful shiver will touch your body (A. Akhmatova); Across the blue waters of the ocean, only the stars sparkle in the sky, a lonely ship (when?) rushes, rushes with all sails (M. Lermontov); Someone put a letter on the hoop. and disappeared (when?) before Marya Kirilovna had time to come to her senses (A. Pushkin); As we moved towards Lake Khanka, the current became slower (when?) (V. Arsenyev).
Subordinate clauses can perform the function of spreading the main part when there is no time adverb in it: The sun was already high when I opened my eyes (V. Garshin); When we were returning back, the forest completely woke up and came to life and was completely filled with birds' joyful hubbub (A. Kuprin), or to clarify the circumstance of time present in the main one: Before, when I was younger, my relatives and friends knew what to do with me.. (A. Chekhov); In the spring, when the earth thaws, people also seem to become softer (M. Gorky).
Temporal relationships in a complex sentence can be complicated by cause-and-effect and comparative-adversative ones: When a person is tired and wants to sleep, it seems to him that nature is experiencing the same state (A. Chekhov); While the servants were managing and fiddling around, the master went to the common room (N. Gogol). In these sentences, time relationships are relegated to the background. Uncomplicated time relations are established only in those sentences whose subordinate clauses contain an indication of certain definitions of time (When ten years passed...; When morning came, etc.).
Temporary subordinate parts can occupy any position in relation to the main part. Restrictions are associated only with those cases when they clarify the meaning of the time present in the main part of the circumstance and, naturally, are placed after it: And now, as soon as I close my eyes, I see only my parents’ house (S. Yesenin); Everywhere where there was a forest before, white canvases of moonlight lay on the ground (V. Kataev).
A certain order of parts is also associated with the use of double conjunctions. In such cases, the main part, which is necessarily post-positive, has words-clips: Rostov had barely managed to hand over the letter and tell the whole Denisov matter when quick steps came pounding from the stairs (JI. Tolstoy); When a writer turns from a storyteller into a thinker, then he is a true artist (Yu. Bondarev); When he opened his eyes, attentive warm sparks were already shining in them (A. Kuprin).
The order of parts is also required in sentences like: Less than ten minutes passed before we set off; The peasant did not have time to gasp before the bear settled on him (I. Krylov), where temporary relations are created by the general semantics of lexically limited and structurally related phrases, and... how; I didn’t have time... how, not a day passed... so that I didn’t have time... ah. Such sentences are expressively colored (a type of sentence with so-called mutual subordination).
Complex sentences expressing temporal relations are divided by meaning into sentences with the relation of simultaneity and sentences with the relation of different times. These relationships are expressed by means of communication (conjunctions and allied words) and tense meanings of verbs.
The relation of simultaneity is expressed in sentences with subordinate, attached conjunctions when, while, as, for the time being, as long as, while and forms of verbs (usually verbs in the main and subordinate parts of the imperfect form of the same tense).
A conjunction when it serves to express relations of simultaneity without emphasizing the coincidence in time of the actions of the main and subordinate parts: It is especially good in a gazebo on quiet autumn nights, when a leisurely vertical rain rustles in a low voice in the garden (K. Paustovsky); There were moments when she screamed with talent, died with talent (A. Chekhov); Grandfather was a resourceful old man and did not disdain to make money on the side when he drove a cab (F. Gladkov). Quite rarely, the conjunction as (archaic or colloquial) is used in the same meaning: As hay harvest approached, dry, hot weather set in (Yu. Nagibin). The conjunction when can be correlated with the adverb then in the main part, emphasizing the moment of coincidence of action: Similar thoughts began to come to my mind at the end of my life, when I was settling scores with my youth (V. Kataev); Then it’s a holiday for the orphan when they give him a white shirt (Proverb).
The conjunctions while, as long as, for the time being, emphasize the coincidence of the terms of action, show that the action of the main part fits entirely into the time interval of the action of the subordinate clause: Or not me for four years, while the war was suffering, all kinds of weather were shaking, all kinds of riding were shaking (A. Tvardovsky); And while the maddened beast rushed around the cage, the owner of the menagerie admired him, admired his strength (V. Bianchi); Strike while the iron is hot (Proverb); While we were crossing the clearing, the Turks managed to fire several shots (V. Garshin).
The conjunction while (with perfective verbs) emphasizes the moment of coincidence of the action of the subordinate part with the action of the main one: While my friend stopped, a large butterfly flashed before my eyes (S. Aksakov); While Yegorushka was looking at the sleepy faces, quiet singing was suddenly heard (A. Chekhov).
The relation of different times is expressed by the conjunctions when, while, while, until, after, since, as soon as, only just, just now, just, just a little, as, barely, only, before, earlier than, before how, as well as the relationship between the aspect forms of predicate verbs and the order of arrangement of the main and subordinate parts of the sentence.
Complex sentences with the relation of different times have two main varieties: in some sentences the action of the main part follows the action of the subordinate clause, in others the action of the main part precedes the action of the subordinate clause.
The most common are constructions indicating that the action or state referred to in the main part of the sentence follows the action or state indicated in the subordinate clause. To express such a sequence in time, conjunctions are used when, after, since, since, as soon as, as soon as, as soon as, just, only, only, barely, as, barely, only. The predicates in this case are expressed by verb forms of the perfect form and, less often, of the imperfect form.
Since the conjunction is also used in sentences with the relation of simultaneity, the main means of expressing a sequence of actions or states is the perfect verb form in the subordinate clause.
Complex sentences with the conjunction when, in the presence of perfective verbs in the main and subordinate parts, indicate that the action of the main part follows the action of the subordinate part: When the drummer entered the hut, Petya sat down away from him (JI. Tolstoy); When the tramp of his horse had already died down, I walked around to the terrace and again began to look into the garden (JI. Tolstoy). The presence of an imperfective verb in the main part of the sentence serves as a means of indicating that the completion of the action of the subordinate part coincides with the continuation of the action of the main one: When you know a lot, it is difficult to compose (D. Granin); And when, through the waves of incense, the choir thunders, rejoicing and threatening, those same inevitable eyes look sternly and stubbornly into the soul (A. Akhmatova).
In complex sentences with conjunctions like, as soon as, as soon as, as soon as, just, just, only, just, barely, barely, it is barely indicated that the action or state of the main part of the sentence follows the action or state (or its beginning) of the subordinate clause especially quickly : This story continued every time Azamat (M. Lermontov) came; And as soon as he sees his native land in the darkness of the night, again his heart trembles and his eyes burn with fire (M. Lermontov); A little morning illuminated the cannons and the blue tops of the forests, the French were right there (M. Lermontov); As soon as morning came, the singing of the doors was heard throughout the house (N. Gogol); As soon as the sun came out from behind the mountain and began to illuminate the valley, the wavy clouds of fog dissipated (L. Tolstoy).
The conjunction after indicates that the action of the main part of the sentence begins only after the end of the subordinate clause: After the glasses prescribed for me were made, the time came to leave Moscow (M. Isakovsky); For some reason, ice drift begins most often on dark nights, after “the ravines begin to form” (K. Paustovsky).
The union since then emphasizes the initial moment of action of the main part: Since she refused Andrei, the old man was officially dry with Iona, and Marianna barely answered her (V. Panova). Complex conjunctions after, since others can be dismembered, in this case only the conjunction remains in the subordinate part: Since my coachman was riding behind, he seemed to become more cheerful and talkative (JI. Tolstoy).
Another group of sentences with a multitemporal relationship consists of sentences in which the action or state of the main part precedes the action or state of the subordinate clause. In such sentences, the subordinate clause is added through conjunctions before, earlier than, before, while, while, as long as.
Sentences with conjunctions before, before they can be complicated by comparative-adversative relations: And, even before Seryozhka could see what it was, he realized from the chattering that filled the steppe that it was a detachment of motorcyclists moving (A. Fadeev). Such a complication may not exist: Before teaching a boy, I must know his soul (A. Chekhov); It was necessary to try many roads before settling on any of them (N. Dobrolyubov).
An uncomplicated indication that the action or state of the main part of the sentence precedes the action or state of the subordinate clause is contained in sentences with the conjunction before: In the hut, still hanging on a nail, to the right of the door, is my father’s miner’s jacket, just as he hung it himself when he arrived with work before going to the military registration and enlistment office... (A. Fadeev); Before setting off again, Alexey Meresyev cut a stick from a juniper tree (B. Polevoy). The union before it can be dismembered; He rushed out of the house at the very last moment before the roof collapsed (V. Ilyenkov).
The same meaning can be conveyed by conjunctions so far, for the time being, while, but indicating the limit up to which the action of the main part continues: But on other days I had to peer and rummage for a long time until I found a family of boletus in tight caps - (V. Nabokov); I’ll go to bed and whisper poetry until I fall asleep (M. Gorky).
The designation of the limit can be emphasized by the presence in the main part of the combination until: For some reason, I did not attach any importance to the silent instruction of the dog and was busy with my thoughts until a new rustle was heard from behind me (M. Prishvin).
Among complex sentences with time clauses of this type, there are sentences whose clauses acquire greater independence, which brings these sentences closer to complex ones. Such transitional cases between composition and submission arise when using the conjunction like (in combination with suddenly): I was about to get up and try my luck again, when suddenly my eyes stopped on a motionless human image (I. Turgenev); Andriy accelerated and was about to overtake Golokopytenko, when suddenly someone’s strong hand grabbed the reins of his horse (N. Gogol).
It is necessary to distinguish subordinate clauses from other subordinate clauses, attached by the conjunctive word when: Such blissful moments happen (what kind?) when a person wants to be silent (V. Povolyaev) - attributive clause; Even before the trial, it was discussed in the cells (what?) when they would be taken to the stage (L. Tolstoy) - explanatory clause; If I were an evil person, would I (under what condition?) let the prey out of my hands (D. Mamin-Sibiryak) - subordinate clause; When Karetnikov woke up, he could not (when?) take his head off something solid (V. Povolyaev) - subordinate clause.

Municipal educational institution

"Savaleevskaya secondary school"

9 Class

“Complex sentences with clauses of time”

Teacher of Russian language

and literature

December, 2008

LESSON #29

Lesson topic: CLAUSES OF TIME

The purpose of the lesson: formation of skills:

1) recognize subordinate clauses, distinguish them from other types of subordinate clauses

proposals; determine their place in a complex sentence, methods

connections between subordinate tenses and main ones;

2) correctly place punctuation marks in the specified types of sentences;

3) make synonymous replacement of complex sentences with

clauses of time.

I. Spelling work.

At first you drive along a winding track; someday you will tell briefly; constantly shows initiative; you will never offend your brother; you will leave tomorrow; once upon a time in an ancient castle; recently prevented an accident; on the eve of the holiday; you wake up at the crack of dawn; hand in your work on time; First you need to find a quote in the book.

II. Recording proposals.

Students must find the circumstances of the time, determine what questions they answer, how they are expressed, and what they relate to.

1) Having entered the yard, Mishka dismounted and tied the reins to the porch. (M. Sholokhov.) 2) And always, day and night, there was a ring of strong darkness around those people. (M. Gorky.) 3) Almost all flowers turn to follow the sun during a long day.

III. Analysis of proposals.

Students determine the type of subordinate clauses, what questions they answer, how they are connected, what they explain; draw up sentence diagrams.

1) As soon as I descended from the steep heights, the freshness of the mountain waters blew towards me. (M. Lermontov.) 2) While I was taking a nap, the moon rose. (L. Tolstoy.) 3) As soon as I jumped into the saddle, the horse, completely ignoring me, rushed down the street. (K. Simonov.) 4) As the sun warms, the red berry grows. (Proverb.) 5) While the fire was burning, it was light and warm. 6) Whenever I come to him, he is always at work. 7) Since his father died, his brother has taken care of the orphaned family.

IV. Studying NGNs with clauses of time

1. It is quite possible to entrust the explanation of this topic to one of the previously prepared strong students. As we explain, we fill in the corresponding columns of the “Types of subordinate clauses” table. Let us consider the difference in the structure and meaning of sentences in which subordinate clauses are added in one way using the example of exercise 80.

2. Analysis of proposals.

Ask questions, make diagrams, determine the type of subordinate clauses, explain the placement of punctuation marks:

1) We ran to the station when the train was already leaving.

When (). They came running (when?). Subordinate adverbial clause (meaning of time).

2) Tell me, when does the train leave?

, (When...). Tell me (what?). Subordinate explanatory clause.

3) There are cases when a legend is created by a certain person.
, (When...). Cases (which ones?). Subordinate clause.

4) When the cranes chirped and the rage in the song of the black grouse subsided,
then the second drake swooped down.(Yu. Koval)

When () and (), [then...]. It swooped in then (when exactly?). Homogeneous adverbial clauses (meaning of time). Both subordinate clauses belong to the same main clause, are connected by a coordinating conjunction, and therefore a comma is not placed between them.

5) And now five centuries have passed since the artist died, but his creations are alive.

As (), a . Gone (since when?). Subordinate adverbial clause (meaning of time). There is a coordinating connection between the first two sentences and the third; a comma is needed before the conjunction a.

6) When the night dew and mountain wind refreshed my burning head and my thoughts returned to normal order, I realized that chasing after lost happiness was useless and reckless.().

When () and (), [then...], that (). Got it (when?). Homogeneous adverbial clauses (meaning of time). Both subordinate clauses belong to the same main clause, are connected by a coordinating conjunction, and therefore a comma is not placed between them. Got it (what?). Subordinate explanatory clause.

V. Working with the textbook

We perform the exercise orally, “in a chain”. We make diagrams of sentences 2-6 on the board.

The exercise is written (you can do it selectively: even sentences are made by the 1st option, odd ones by the 2nd). After completion of the work - mutual verification.

VI. Vocabulary work

Write down the words in the working dictionary within: cannonade, ballet, opera, ecology, ecological. Find out their origin using a dictionary of foreign words. Make up complex sentences with these words using subordinate clauses of place and time.

VII. Entertaining linguistics

Residents of Moscow are Muscovites and Muscovites. What do the residents of St. Petersburg, Tula, Voronezh, Arkhangelsk, Perm, Kursk, and Nizhny Novgorod call themselves?

(Petersburger, Petersburger, Petersburgers; Tula, Tula, Tula; Voro-Nezhets, Voronezhka, Voronezhites; Arkhangelsk, Arkhangelsk, Arkhangelsk; Permyak, Perm, Perm; Kuryanin, Kuryanka, Kuryans; Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod.)

Ex. 141 (oral; performed collectively under the guidance of a teacher).

VIII. Training exercises.

1. Writing down sentences with the task of comparing them; determine the type of subordinate clauses, the means of their connection with the main one; make diagrams.

1) While we were getting ready, my father came. - We had to wait until they sent someone to help. 2) More than two hours have passed since I joined the boys. - Since my brother returned home, he has never remembered what happened. 3) I don’t know when this will be. - We get to know friends and loved ones at the hour when trouble threatens. - When dusk came, I had to return home. 4) There are autumn nights, deaf and silent, when calmness stands over the black wooded region. (K. Paustovsky.) - When the sun descended to the horizon, the even yellow light was reflected in the thick autumn cobwebs that covered the meadows. (K. Paustovsky.)

2. Exercises on synonymous replacement of sentences.

1. Compose two simple sentences into a complex sentence and a complex sentence with a subordinate clause.

1) It’s starting to get dark. The tree trunks smelled damp and tart. 2) The rain has stopped. Everything became quiet, as if frozen.

In what case are parts of complex sentences more independent? In which sentence - complex or complex - does the temporal meaning appear more clearly?

2. Replace the complex sentence with a simple one with a separate circumstance, expressed by an adverbial phrase. In what case is replacement not possible?

1) As soon as we entered the forest, we immediately found ourselves on a path. (V. Arsenyev.) 2) As soon as the girl took hold of the gate of her home, her strength left her. 3) When you think about the behavior of the characters in a book you read, try to evaluate
their actions and behavior.

(Replacement is possible if the predicates of the main and subordinate clauses denote the actions of the same person or object; in the second case, replacement is impossible.)

Homework: ex. 147 (written), 149 (oral); write down the words from the boxes (p. 68) in the student dictionary; find the meaning of these words in the explanatory dictionary, remember their spelling.

The simplest type designs "My name is…; I am working…,; I'm coming..." are studied in the very first English lessons. But such phrases are not enough to use the language at least at an intermediate level. For an interesting conversation and successful communication with foreigners, you need to learn how to compose detailed expressions from simple sentences. We will develop this skill today by studying subordinate clauses in English and conditional constructions. Knowledge of typical combinations and the ability to use them correctly will enrich and diversify our speech.

Meaning of subordinate clauses

Subordinate clauses are dependent constructions of complex sentences that help to expand the meaning of the main sentence, expressing any signs, causes, conditions, consequences, etc. The method of attaching an additional part of an expression to the main one can be different, but most often this always happens with the help of or allied words.

Dependent clauses in English can have different semantic meanings, and refer to any member of the sentence, both main and secondary. The most numerous category of subordinate constructions is the adverbial group. It carries the meaning of time, purpose, place, reason, etc., in general, all those topics for which the circumstance is responsible. In terms of construction, most of these additional sentences coincide with similar expressions in Russian. But two representatives of the adverbial group of English subordinate clauses sometimes have a tense form that is not typical for Russian-speaking people. We'll talk about them in more detail in the next section.

Subordinate clauses in English

These additional constructions contain explanations about when and for how long the actions and events referred to in the main sentence are performed or were/will be performed. In other words, they express the time of occurrence of events. Sentences explaining time are joined to the main part using conjunctions. Most often in English speech the conjunction when is used, which is why such subordinate clauses are often called: clauses with when. But for different shades of time, other conjunctions are also widely used, for example: assoonasuntil,since,after,till,before,bythetime.

  • MyparentshadgonetothetheaterbeforeI came home– My parents went to the theater before I came home.
  • Wewentforawalkintheparkafterthe snow had stopped We went for a walk in the park after the snow stopped falling.
  • Myfatherhasn’ttseenhisparentssincehe moved to the Netherlands– My father has not seen his parents since he moved to the Netherlands.

In the above examples, the relative tenses used in English are not very different from Russian ones. What is their catch then? It lies in the construction of a practical construction that refers to the future tense. In Russian we will say " When I get home I will repeat this lesson" Notice that both parts are in the future tense.

Other English topics: Conditional sentences in English: rules for forming constructions

In English speech, such a construction is impossible, because the rules of grammar do not allow the use of the future tense in additional constructions. This is precisely what distinguishes subordinate clauses of time and conditions from other subordinate clauses. They will use the Present tense to indicate future events or actions ( Present Simple orPresent Perfect to indicate the completion of an action). Please note that this rule only applies to a dependent structure; the main part can stand in any form, including in the future. Let's look at what this looks like in practice.

Offer Translation
When I meet my colleague , I'll tell him about this story. When I meet my colleague, I will tell him about this story.
I hope I will be at home before the hurricane reaches our city . I hope that I will be home before the hurricane reaches our city.
Nick will go to the airport as soon as the concert finishes . Nick will head to the airport as soon as the concert is over.
After the rain stops , they’ll go to the supermarket. After the rain stops, they will go to the supermarket.
I will live in this room until my brother returns home from his trip . I will live in this room until my brother returns home from his trip.
By the time the police find him , he'll live in another country. By the time the police find him, he will be living in another country.
They'll go to play football when they have done their homework . They will go play football when they finish their homework.
As soon as he has finished talking , I can use the phone. As soon as he finishes the call, I can use the phone.

Note that the English language has unique punctuation rules, according to which a subordinate clause is separated by a comma only when it appears at the beginning of a sentence.

Let’s just add a few words about conditional sentences, since they are the only constructions that behave exactly the same when forming sentences with the future tense. As the name implies, these expressions reveal various probabilities, conditions, possibilities under which the events of the main statement can or cannot be fulfilled. The conjunctions by which they can be easily recognized are: if,unless,incase.

The condition in the English language is a voluminous and complex topic, since English grammar has several types of such constructions with different rules for their use. More information about all types of conditional sentences can be found in the adjacent material.

Other English topics: Polysyllabic adjectives in English - examples of construction

As we have already said, subordinate clauses can be of very different types. And here, too, there is a little English trick hidden, since different types of sentences can use the same conjunctions. For beginners learning English, such confusion sometimes puts them in an awkward position and makes them make mistakes. To avoid unpleasant situations in a conversation, you must be able to distinguish which part of the sentence the dependent construction belongs to. Let's look at why this is really important using example phrases.

As you remember, the rule about subordinate tenses states that the conjunction when in English requires the Present tense after it. But in the first sentence we used the future, is this a deliberate mistake? No. These are two completely different situations of using the conjunction: in the first case, it adds an addition construction ( doesn't know what?), and in the second situation when attaches an adverbial construction revealing the time of action ( won't know about it - when?). Let's give a couple more examples for better memorization.

  • Theydon'twriteyetwhen they will arrive - They haven’t written yet (about what? - about...) when they will arrive.
  • Nobodysayswhen we have to finish ourworks - Nobody says (what? – that...) when we have to submit our work.
  • Iwillbehappywhen I pass thisexamverywell – I will be happy (when? – then...) when I pass this exam very well.
  • Wewillhavesupperwhen guests arrive – We will have dinner (when? – then...) when the guests arrive.

This rule also applies to conditional constructions if a clause with if is used in a sentence as a complement.

This concludes the development of English subordinate clauses. We hope that you have learned the basic rules, learned to distinguish between cases of use and are ready to test your knowledge by completing exercises on the topic of subordinate clauses in English. Good luck in improving your foreign language!

Topic: Complex sentences

Lesson: Complex sentences with clauses of place and time

Subordinate clauses indicate a place or space where an object is located or something happens, and answer the question where?, where?, from where?. Usually subordinate clauses come after the main part: “ Go where your free mind takes you..." (A. Pushkin.) The main part may contain indicative words there, there, from there - These are adverbs that act as adverbs of place in a sentence: “I went where all my classmates went.” A subordinate clause can also appear before the main clause. This technique is used to enhance the semantic meaning of the subordinate clause. Most often this is observed in proverbs, sayings and aphorisms: “Wherever you throw it, there’s a wedge everywhere.” (Proverb) Subordinate clauses are attached by allied words where, where, where. To determine the type of subordinate clause, you need to look at what it refers to and what question it answers. Compare: Everywhere(where everywhere?), where necessary, children's playgrounds were built. - Village ( what village?) There was a lovely corner where Evgeniy was bored.(A. Pushkin). In the first case we have a subordinate clause, and in the second case we have a subordinate clause.

Subordinate clauses of time answer questions When? how long? since when? How long? etc. Subordinate clauses are attached to the main sentence by conjunctions when, while, only, as soon as, barely, while. Main clauses can have demonstrative words then, until then. If the main part contains an adverb with the meaning of time, including an indicative word Then, the subordinate clause is added to the main conjunction word When: « We met when I was preparing for admission.”

The actions mentioned in the main and subordinate clauses can occur simultaneously or sequentially. When actions occur simultaneously, conjunctions are used when, while, as long as, how, while. In the sequence of actions, simple conjunctions are used when, barely, as soon as, only, slightly, etc. These are stylistically neutral unions. Unions for now and a little have a conversational tone. All compound conjunctions ( while, before, before etc . ) have a connotation of bookishness. Unions for now, as soon as before, before outdated. Union How may in some cases give speech an archaic connotation, in others - a colloquial one.

Homework

Questions

1. How to distinguish a subordinate clause from a subordinate clause?

2. How are subordinate clauses attached to the main sentence?

3. How are subordinate tenses attached to the main sentence?

4. From which sentences should subordinate clauses be distinguished?

Exercise 1. Determine the type of subordinate clauses.

(1) What did you read this week while we weren't seeing each other? (A. Chekhov.) (2) The village where Evgeny was bored was a charming corner. (A. Pushkin.) (3) Sit down where you can. (D. Rosenthal). (4) I don't know where I can buy a new textbook. (5) She smiled and bowed, and they all loved it when she smiled at them. (F. Dostoevsky.) (6) In the evening of the same day, when the barracks had already been locked, Raskolnikov lay on his bunk and thought about her. (F. Dostoevsky.) (7) There is no greatness where there is no simplicity, goodness and truth. (L. Tolstoy.)

Exercise 2. Determine how the subordinate clause is attached to the main clause.

(1) Where once everything was empty, bare, now the young grove has grown. (A. Pushkin.) (2) While other children were playing football, he played the violin for hours. (3) He laughed and went wherever he wanted. (M. Gorky). (4) When we met him, he was five years old. (5) We entered the classroom when the bell rang. (6) He lived at a time when there was no television.

Exercise 3. Write down the numbers of sentences from Exercise 2, in which subordinate clauses are attached to the main clause using allied words. Make a conclusion about the type of subordinate clauses.

1. Efremova T. F. New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and word-formative. - M.: Russian language, 2000 ().

2. Reference and information Internet portal “Russian Language” ().

Internet resources used

1. Preparation for the Russian Language Olympiad ().

Literature

Russian language: Textbook for 9th grade. general educational institutions / S.G. Barkhudarov, S.E. Kryuchkov, L.Yu. Maksimov, L.A. Czech. M.: Education, 2011.

Russian language. 9th grade: textbook. for educational institutions /M.M. Razumovskaya, S.I. Lvova, V.I. Kapinos, V.V. Lviv; edited by MM. Razumovskaya, P.A. Lekanta, - M.: Bustard, 2011.

Rosenthal D.E. Handbook of spelling and literary editing M.: 2012

Unified State Examination in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE A demonstration version of the control measurement materials of the 2013 Unified State Examination in the Russian language, prepared by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF PEDAGOGICAL MEASUREMENTS".

A demonstration version of control measurement materials for carrying out in 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013 state (final) certification (in a new form) in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE of students who have mastered the basic general education programs of basic general education, was prepared by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF PEDAGOGICAL MEASUREMENTS "

Russian language lesson in 9th grade.

Lesson topic. Complex sentences with subordinate clauses of place and time.

Lesson type. A lesson in learning new knowledge.

Type of lesson. Student-centered lesson

Lesson objectives:

– deepen students' knowledge about SPP;

– learn to recognize subordinate clauses of place and time, distinguish them from other subordinate clauses;

– determine the place of subordinate clauses of place and time in a complex sentence;

– improve the skills of constructing and using complex sentences in speech with adverbial adverbs of place and time;

– improve the skill of setting punctuation marks in NGN;

– contribute to the development of horizons, interest and love for Crimea.

Equipment. Russian language. Textbook for 9th grade of general education institutions with Russian language of instruction / V. Goloborodko et al., 2006; poster “Lesson Objectives”; photographs of the Livadia Palace; handout (appendix)

During the classes

I. Organizational stage

II. Mobilizing stage

Reading by the teacher an excerpt from a poem by V.V. Mayakovsky "Heavenly Attic":

Let's hit the road,
in the heat
cool!
There,
where is the horizon line,
where are the teeth
mountains
from heaven's mouth,
there,
In the end,
to the heavens in the attic,
on -
Chatyrdag.

– Think about what sentence the author used? How might this be related to the topic of today's lesson? What new should we learn?

III. Students’ understanding of the lesson topic

- So, the topic of our lesson: “Complex sentences with subordinate clauses of place and time.”

(Write on the board and in your notebook)

– Look again at the topic of the lesson. What do you already know? What new things should you learn?

At this stage, students remember what a sentence is, what kind of sentence is called a complex sentence, what a main and subordinate clause is, and types of subordinate clauses.

IV. Independent formulation of lesson goals

– Knowing the topic of today's lesson, let's try to determine what goals we should set for ourselves in order to master this topic.

You can use a poster with the following text:

Lesson objectives:

learn to find...;

find out ways of communication...;

strengthen the skills of placing...;

learn to use correctly...

– And besides this, we will see today that such sentences were often used by various writers and poets when speaking about Crimea. I think this will help you learn even more about your native land, and perhaps love it even more, because it was so loved and appreciated by creative people, people with a sensitive soul.

It is no coincidence that at the beginning of our lesson a quatrain about Bryusov was heard, because this year marks the 140th anniversary of the birth of this wonderful Russian poet (data as of December 13, 2013), which you will talk about in detail in 11th grade. He visited us in Crimea, so we started our lesson by mentioning him.

V. Learning new material

– And I suggest you start studying new material from the words of the famous 19th century writer Evgeniy Markov:

“When you are transported to the southern coast of Crimea, you feel captive in some world that is new to you. That is why you look at everything as if in a dream, a seductive and incredible dream. For a long time you seem to not believe the magical scenery unfolding around you. The gaze involuntarily rushes to where the blue sea merges with the sky. Villages - toys as if someone dropped them there, where the chaos of cliffs and greenery triumphs. But when you leave the South Coast, your soul yearns for it as if it were a lost paradise. People who have lived in Crimea and experienced the pleasures that Crimea alone gives, never forget it."

(Text for each student as a handout)

Assignments to the text

  1. Choose a title.
  2. Determine the style of this text and prove it.
  3. Find the spellings in the text that seem most difficult to you and explain the spelling of words with these spellings.
  4. Find punctuation marks that are difficult for you in the text, explain the placement of punctuation marks.
  5. Find complex sentences. Ask questions to the subordinate clauses. Try to identify their type. Can you always do this?

Teacher's word.

Today we met a new type of subordinate clause for you: place and time, we learned some questions that they answer and some conjunctions and allied words that can attach them to the main sentence. We will learn complete information about these subordinate clauses with the help of a textbook (or with the help of theoretical material on pieces of paper):

(Handouts on everyone’s desk)

Work in pairs according to the instructions:

– carefully read the theoretical material on the topic of the lesson;

– think about how best to present the material to your partner;

– explain the new material to your neighbor so that he understands;

– ask him 1-2 questions to check what he has learned;

– listen to your partner, ask questions if something is unclear.

VI. Subjectivization when comprehending new material

Conversation on questions:

– What did you know about what you heard today and what did you not know?

– What did you hear that remained unclear?

– Why do you think?

VII. Generalization, systematization and control of students’ knowledge and skills

1. Differentiated task

1 . Using the new material, compose several test tasks with multiple-choice answers (12 points).

2 . Make a plan for “New material for today’s lesson” (8 points).

3. Make a plan for “New material for today’s lesson”, select your own examples for each point (10 points).

2. Assignment based on options. Digital dictation.

The 1st option writes down the numbers of complex sentences with subordinate clauses, and the 2nd – with clauses of place.

All sentences are taken from poems by different poets about Crimea.

1. Where the garden approaches the sea,

I know a secluded grotto (V.Ya. Bryusov).

2. When I leave, let me leave the meadows of Russia
My warm greetings are flying here (E. Gromova “Old Crimea”).

3. Dear friend, my angel! let's hide there
Where the gentle waves wash Taurida. (K. Batyushkov “Tavrida”)

4. Everywhere you look, there are gardens around. (N. Dorizo ​​“Bonfires”)

5. As soon as I stepped under your familiar roof,
The inscriptions of enemies catch my eye (A.K. Tolstoy “I greet you”).

6. And there, to the seashore,
The whole city is pouring out (D.D. Minaev “At the end of summer in Yalta”).

7. And I confess, when we are there
They crawled like flies over the rocks,
I was a little scared:
Falling down is a bad joke! (A.K.Tolstoy “The Almighty Will of Allah”).

8. Where was Diana's treasured forest?
The sounds of an ax are heard there (A.K. Tolstoy “The Bright Key”)

9. ...And doom impulses
Involuntarily I rushed towards you,
When under the laurels and olives
He bowed the alarming chapter (V.G. Benediktov “In the country where there are clear rays”).

10. Only then does the city become a hero,
When did a soldier become a hero? (M.S. Lisyansky “The Black Sea Sun is Burning”)

Key:

Option 1 – 2, 5, 7, 9, 10

Option 2 – 1, 3, 4, 6, 8

3. Connect main and subordinate clauses. Make diagrams.

(this task is performed at the board)

1. 200 million years ago the huge Tethys Ocean roared there

2. Karsting of Ai-Petri continues today

3. Rock lizards are especially beautiful in the sunshine

1. Shining with multi-colored scales, they gracefully crawl along the slopes of Ai-Petri.

2. from where the Black Sea is now visible for 135 kilometers.

3. they gracefully crawl along the slopes of Ai-Petri.

Answers

200 million years ago, the huge Tethys Ocean roared where the Black Sea is now visible 135 kilometers away.

The karsting of Ai-Petri continues now, when rain and melt water seeps through cracks and dissolves the limestone.

Rock lizards are especially beautiful in the light of the sun, when, shining with multi-colored scales, they gracefully crawl along the slopes of Ai-Petri.

The composed sentences are taken from the lyrical guide by Vladlen Avinda. The real name of the Yalta writer Vladlen Petrovich Goncharov is a laureate of the State Prize of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the author of wonderful books about Crimea.

4. Continue complex sentences. Specify the type of subordinate clause.

When the last lesson ended...

As soon as we arrived in Sevastopol,…

We returned there...

5. Creative task.

Teacher's word (photos shown).

How many of you have been to the Livadia Palace? How much do you know about him? Look at the photos, remember this amazing place. Let our next task help you not only repeat new material, but also once again remember one of the Crimean attractions.

Exercise. Write a short story on the topic “Livadia Palace” using complex sentences. Indicate the type of subordinate clauses..

Samples you can use:

Numerous excursions go to where…

Since the luxurious white stone palace was built in Livadia, ...

..., where the residence of the imperial family was located.

..., from where you can go to one of the best parks on the southern coast of Crimea.

VIII. Reflective stage of the lesson

2-3 people present a short essay on the topic “What we learned today, what was interesting in the lesson.”

2-3 people express an opinion about what worked and did not work out for them, what and why remains unclear.

IX. Homework.

1) Learn theoretical material (pages 80 and 81).

2) Exercise 104

Or

Write a short story on the topic “Crimea in my life” using the SPP.

APPLICATION

Handout.

Complex sentences with clauses of time

The subordinate tense refers to the entire main part, indicates the time of the action in the main part, answers questionsWhen? how long? since when? How long? and joins the main part with the help of subordinates unions when, how, while, barely, only, before, while, until, since, suddenly and etc.:

Since we visited the sea, I have constantly thought about it

If there is a word with the meaning of time in the main part, including an indicative word Then , subordinate clause is added conjunction word when , stands after this word in the main part and refers specifically to it:

Today, when I opened the window, my room was filled with the smell of flowers.- the subordinate clause refers to the adverb now and is joined by the conjunctive word when, which is a circumstance.

In the absence of an indicative word, the subordinate part in the dictionary of time can be in any position in relation to the main part.

Complex sentences with subordinate clauses

Subordinate clauses indicate the place or direction of movement, answer questionsWhere? Where? where?They do not refer to the entire main part, but to one word in it - the adverb of place, expressed by a pronominal adverb (there, there, from there, nowhere, everywhere, everywhere). The means of communication in NGN with subordinate clauses are allied words where, where, where, acting in the syntactic function of circumstances:

And where the sun was shining yesterday, autumn fog reigned.

In colloquial speech, the correlative adverb in the main part may be omitted, and this part becomes incomplete, the subordinate part refers to this omitted adverb, for example:

He went wherever he wanted, - in the main part the word there is missing.

Usually subordinate clauses come after the demonstrative word in the main part. The location of the subordinate clause before the main clause is presented only in colloquial speech, mainly in proverbs and sayings:

Where it's thin, that's where it breaks.