Psychologists are famous writers. Domestic psychologists
Psychology as an independent science was known in ancient antiquity. It was there that it arose and originated. Over the years, this science has changed, developed and been supplemented or refuted by many psychologists of the world more than once. But, nevertheless, psychology is relevant and develops as a science to this day. Throughout the centuries, psychology has included a huge number of scientific papers, treatises, articles, books, and the most famous scientists, who as a result have been repeatedly mentioned as the most famous psychologists in the world. All these psychologists have made an enormous contribution to the development of psychology in general, and at each of its individual stages. They were able to discover the latest trends in this industry, and they managed to tell the world about something of their own, new, never before driven. Today, in this article, we tried to bring them all together and introduce you to the most famous representatives of this science.
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Photo gallery: The most famous psychologists in the world
So, we present to your attention a list of the most famous psychologists in the world who were able to turn the whole understanding of psychology. After all, these famous psychologists have repeatedly proved that this science is part of their lives.
Fix according to Freud.
Sigmund Freud, he is Sigismund Shlomo Freud - this is the first psychologist that we decided to tell you about. Freud was born on May 6, 1856 in Freiberg, Austria-Hungary, now Příbor, Czech Republic. He is known in the world as a famous Austrian neurologist, who became the founder of the so-called psychoanalytic school with a therapeutic inclination. Sigmud is the "father" of the theory that all human nervous disorders occur due to a number of unconscious and conscious processes that interact very closely with each other.
Vladimir Lvovich Levy, psychologist-poet.
MD and psychologist Vladimir Lvovich Levy was born on November 18, 1938 in Moscow, where he lives to this day. After graduating from the medical institute, he worked as an ambulance doctor for a long time. Then he moved to the post of psychotherapist and became an honorary worker of the Institute of Psychiatry. Vladimir Levy became the first founder of such a new direction in the science of psychology as suicidology. This direction included a complete and detailed study of suicide and the psychological state of people who are suicidal. For all the time he worked in psychiatry, Levy published 60 scientific papers.
In addition to psychology, Vladimir is fond of poetry. Therefore, it was not in vain that in 1974 he became an honorary member of the Writers' Union. Levy's most popular books are The Art of Being Oneself, Conversation in Letters, and the three-volume Confessions of a Hypnotist. And in 2000, his personal collection of poems called "Crossed Out Profile" saw the light of day.
Abraham Harold Maslow and his name in psychology
Abraham Harold Maslow is an American psychologist who became the honorary founder of humanistic psychology. His famous scientific works include such a concept as "Maslow's Pyramid". This pyramid includes special diagrams that represent the most common human needs. It is this theory that has found its direct application in economics.
Victor Emil Frankl: Australian psychologists in science
Renowned Austrian psychiatrist and psychologist Viktor Emil Frankl was born March 26, 1905 in Vienna. In the world, his name is associated not only with psychology, but also with philosophy, as well as the creation of the Third Vienna School of Psychotherapy. Frankl's most popular scientific writings include Man's Search for Meaning. The names of this work became the basis for the development of a new method of psychotherapy called logotherapy. This method includes the desire of a person to realize his meaning of life in the existing external world. Logotherapy can make human existence more meaningful.
Boris Ananiev - the pride of Soviet psychology
Boris Gerasimovich Ananiev was born in 1907 in Vladikavkaz. Ananiev was included in the list of "famous psychologists of the world" for a reason. He became the first and honorary founder of the scientific school of psychologists in St. Petersburg. Such famous psychologists as A. Kovalev, B. Lomov and many others became students of this school and, accordingly, of Ananiev himself.
It was in St. Petersburg, on the house where Boris Ananiev lived, that a memorial plaque was erected in his honor.
Ernst Heinrich Weber - the famous psychologist of all eras
Brother of the famous physicist Wilhelm Weber, German psychophysiologist and part-time anatomist Ernst Heinrich Weber was born on June 24, 1795 in Leipzig, Germany. This psychologist owns much advanced scientific work on anatomy, sensitivity and physiology. The most popular of these are works that involve the study of the senses. All of Weber's work formed the basis for the development of psychophysics and experimental psychology.
Akop Poghosovich Nazaretyan and mass psychology
Famous Russian specialist in cultural anthropology and psychology of mass behavior Akop Poghosovich Nazaretyan was born on May 5, 1948 in Baku. Nazaretyan is the author of a huge number of publications that talk about the theory of the development of society. In addition, the psychologist became the founder of hypotheses about the techno-humanitarian balance, which is compared with the development of culture and technological progress.
Viktor Ovcharenko, the pride of Russian psychology
Viktor Ivanovich Ovcharenko was born on February 5, 1943 in the city of Melekess, Ulyanovsk region. Ovcharenko is a legendary personality in the development of psychology. Ovcharenko has a huge number of scientific titles and weighty works that have made a huge contribution to psychology as a science. The main theme of Ovcharenko's work was the study of sociological psychologism, as well as problems related to personality and interpersonal relationships in general.
In 1996, the psychologist proposed from a scientific point of view for the first time to revise the periodization of the entire history of Russian psychoanalysis. In addition to all of the above, Ovcharenko has been repeatedly called the best psychologist, and his famous works have been published more than once in well-known scientific collections far beyond the borders of Russia.
Last update: 22/03/2015
Overview of prominent thinkers in psychology
The breadth and variety of psychology can be seen by looking at some of the most famous thinkers. While each theorist may have been part of the most important philosophical school, each brought unique contributions and new perspectives to the development of psychology as a science.
A study that appeared in July 2002 « » created a ranking of the 99 most influential psychologists. The ranking was based primarily on three factors: journal citation frequency, textbook introductory citations, and survey results. 1725 members of the American Association psychologists.
10 Influential Thinkers in Psychology
The following list provides an overview of 10 psychologists from this survey. These people are not only some of the most famous thinkers in the field of psychology, they also played an important role in the history of psychology and made important contributions to our understanding of human behavior. This list is not an attempt to determine who was the most influential or which schools of thought were the best. Instead, this list provides insight into some of the theoretical perspectives that influence not only psychology but also the cultural environment in which we live.
Tops the list in a 2002 study of the 99 most prominent psychologists of the 20th century. Skinner made a huge contribution to the development and promotion of behaviorism. Therapies based on his theories are still widely used today, including behavior modification techniques.
When people think of psychology, many tend to think of Freud. His work supports the notion that not all mental illnesses have physiological causes, and he also offered evidence that cultural differences influence psychology and behavior. His works and writings have contributed to our understanding of personality, clinical psychology, human development, and pathopsychology.
The works are considered part of the cognitive revolution in psychology that began in the late 1960s. His social learning theory emphasized the importance of observational learning, imitation and modeling. “Learning would be extremely laborious, not to say dangerous, if people had to rely only on the results of their own actions in order to understand what they should do. Bandura explained in his book Social Learning Theory.
The work of Jean Piaget has had a profound impact on psychology, especially in our understanding of children's intellectual development. His research contributed to the growth of developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, genetic epistemology, and educational reform. Albert Einstein once described Piaget's observations on children's intellectual growth and thought processes as a discovery, "So simple that only a genius could think of it."
Carl Rogers emphasized human potential, which had a huge impact on psychology and education. He became one of the most important humanistic thinkers. As his daughter Natalie Rogers writes, he was "He treated people through life with empathy and understanding, and embodied his democratic ideals in his work as a teacher, writer and therapist."
Psychologist and philosopher William James is often referred to as the father of American psychology. His 1,200-page text, Principles of Psychology, became a classic on the subject, and his teachings and writings helped establish psychology as a science. In addition, James made contributions to functionalism, pragmatism, and influenced many psychology students during his 35 years of teaching.
Erik Erikson's psychosocial developmental stage theory helped spark interest and research in human development across lifespan. The psychologist expanded the theory by examining development throughout life, including the experiences of childhood, adulthood, and old age.
He was a Russian physiologist, whose research influenced the development of such a direction in psychology as behaviorism. Pavlov's experimental methods helped move psychology away from introspection and subjective assessments towards the objective measurement of behavior.
Somehow I already wrote about the 100 most prominent psychologists of the twentieth century. But psychology does not stand still, and younger generations of researchers are stepping on the heels of the classics. A group of researchers led by Ed Diener compiled a list of the 200 most prominent psychologists of our time, referring to those whose careers peaked in the period after World War II. List article published in APA's new open access journal Archives of Scientific Psychology .
At the first stage, they compiled a list of 348 psychologists who could potentially claim the title of the most prominent. In compiling this list, the authors used 6 sources: 1) recipients of APA awards for outstanding contributions to science, 2) recipients of APS awards, 3) members of the American National Academy of Sciences, 4) members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 5) authors of the most cited articles according to the Institute for Scientific Information, 6) researchers frequently mentioned in 5 introductory psychology textbooks.
Further, these 348 psychologists were ranked according to an integral assessment based on three criteria: 1) the presence of APA and APS awards for contributions to psychology, 2) the number of pages in 5 introductory psychology textbooks dedicated to the researcher or his research (plus the number of lines in articles Wikipedia), 3) citations (the total number of citations, the Hirsch index, the most cited works were combined). The number of citations was determined by Google Scholar data, so do not be surprised by the huge absolute numbers, it is known that Google Scholar takes into account citations not only from peer-reviewed journals, therefore it finds them much more than, for example, Web of Science.
The list of the first 200 most prominent turned out as follows:
- Bandura, Albert
- PIAGET, Jean
- KAHNEMAN, Daniel
- LAZARUS, Richard
- SELIGMAN, Martin
- SKINNER, B.F.
- CHOMSKY, Noam
- TAYLOR, Shelley
- TVERSKY, Amos
- DIENER, Ed
- Simon, Herbert
- ROGERS, Carl
- SQUIRE, Larry
- ANDERSON, John
- EKMAN, Paul
- TULVING, Endel
- ALLPORT, Gordon
- BOWLBY, John
- NISBETT, Richard
- CAMPBELL, Donald
- MILLER, George
- FISKE, Susan
- DAVIDSON, Richard
- MCEWEN, Bruce
- MISCHEL, Walter
- FESTINGER, Leon
- MCCLELLAND, David
- ARONSON, Elliot
- POSNER, Michael
- BAUMEISTER, Roy
- KAGAN, Jerome
- LEDOUX, Joseph
- BRUNER, Jerome
- ZAJONC, Robert
- KESSLER, Ronald
- RUMELHART, David
- PLOMIN, Robert
- SCHACTER, Daniel
- BOWER, Gordon
- AINSWORTH Mary
- MCCLELLAND, James
- MCGAUGH, James
- MACCOBY, Eleanor
- MILLER, Neal
- RUTTER, Michael
- EYSENCK, Hans
- CACIOPPO, John
- RESCORLA, Robert
- EAGLY, Alice
- COHEN Sheldon
- BADDELEY, Alan
- BECK, Aaron
- ROTTER, Julian
- SMITH, Edward
- LOFTUS, Elizabeth
- JANIS, Irving
- Schachter, Stanley
- BREWER, Marilynn
- SLOVIC, Paul
- Sternberg, Robert
- ABELSON, Robert
- MISHKIN, Mortimer
- STEELE, Claude
- SHIFFRIN, Richard
- HIGGINS, E. Tory
- WEGNER, Daniel
- KELLEY, Harold
- MEDIN, Douglas
- CRAIK, Fergus
- NEWELL, Allen
- HEBB, Donald
- CRONBACH, Lee
- MILNER, Brenda
- GARDNER, Howard
- GIBSON, James
- THOMPSON, Richard
- GREEN, David
- Berscheid, Ellen
- Markus, Hazel
- JOHNSON, Marcia
- HILGARD, Ernest
- MASLOW, Abraham
- DAMASIO, Antonio
- ATKINSON, Richard
- ERIKSON, Erik
- BROWN, Roger
- SPERRY, Roger
- COHEN, Jonathan
- ROSENZWEIG, Mark
- TOLMAN, Edward
- GREENWALD, Anthony
- Harlow, Harry
- DEUTSCH, Morton
- SPELKE, Elizabeth
- GAZZANIGA, Michael
- ROEDIGER, H.L.
- GUILFORD, J.P.
- HETHERINGTON, Mavis
- PINKER, Steven
- Treisman, Anne
- Ryan, Richard
- BARLOW, David
- FRITH, Uta
- ASCH, Solomon
- SHEPARD, Roger
- ATKINSON, John
- COSTA, Paul
- JONES, Edward
- SPERLING, George
- CASPI, Avshalom
- EISENBERG, Nancy
- GARCIA, John
- HEIDER, Fritz
- SHERIF, Muzafer
- GOLDMAN-RAKIC, P.
- UNGERLEIDER, Leslie
- ROSENTHAL, Robert
- SEARS, Robert
- WAGNER, Allan
- DECI Ed
- DAVIS, Michael
- ROZIN, Paul
- GOTTESMAN, Irving
- MOFFITT, Terrie
- Mayer, Steven
- ROSS, Lee
- KOHLER, Wolfgang
- Gibson, Eleanor
- FLAVELL, John
- FOLKMAN, Susan
- GELMAN, Rochel
- LANG, Peter
- NEISSER, Ulrich
- CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, Mihalyi
- MERZENICH, Michael
- MCCRAE, Robert
- OLDS, James
- TRIANDIS, Harry
- DWECK, Carol
- HATFIELD, Elaine
- SALTHOUSE, Timothy
- HUTTENLOCHER, J.
- BUSS, David
- MCGUIRE, William
- CARVER, Charles
- PETTY, Richard
- Murray, Henry
- Wilson, Timothy
- WATSON, David
- DARLEY, John
- STEVENS, S.S.
- SUPPES, Patrick
- PENNEBAKER, James
- MOSCOVITCH, Morris
- Farah, Martha
- JONIDES, John
- SOLOMON, Richard
- Scheier, Michael
- CHINAMAMA, Shinobu
- MEANEY, Michael
- PROCHASKA, James
- FOA, Edna
- KAZDIN, Alan
- SCHAIE, K. Warner
- BARGH, John
- TINBERGEN, Niko
- KAHN, Robert
- CLORE, Gerald
- LIBERMAN, Alvin
- LUCE, Duncan
- BROOKS-GUNN, Jeanne
- LUBORSKY, Lester
- PREMACK, David
- NEWPORT, Elissa
- SAPOLSKY, Robert
- ANDERSON, Craig
- GOTLIB, Ian
- BEACH, Frank
- MEEHL, Paul
- BOUCHARD, Thomas
- ROBBINS, Trevor
- BERKOWITZ, Leonard
- THIBAUT, John
- TEITELBAUM, Philip
- CECI, Stephen
- MEYER, David
- MILGRAM, Stanley
- SIEGLER, Robert
- AMABILE, Teresa
- KINTSCH, Walter
- Carey, Susan
- FURNHAM, Adrian
- BELSKY, Jay
- OSGOOD, Charles
- MATTHEWS, Karen
- STEVENSON, Harold
- UNDERWOOD, Brenton
- BIRREN, James
- KUHL, Patricia
- COYNE, James
- Eminent psychologists almost always have a very large number of papers (usually hundreds, but some have significantly more: Adrian Furnham over 1100, Robert Sternberg over 1200!), some of which are mega-cited. This is facilitated by the fact that most often they do not retire and continue to conduct research all their lives. Probably because they really like it. And since the average age of those who have already died is 80 years old, and many of them live up to 90 years old (for example, Jerome Bruner), their academic experience often exceeds 50 and even 60 years.
- Recognition from professional organizations comes late. The median age for receiving an APA award is 59. Only one Paul Meehl received the award at 30, while Kahneman and Festinger at 40.
- 38% of psychologists on this list received PhD degrees from 5 universities: Harvard, University of Michigan, Yale, Stanford, University of Pennsylvania. If you add 5 more to them - the University of California at Berkeley, the University of Minnesota, Columbia University, the University of Chicago and the University of Texas - then there will be 55% of those who defended themselves in this ten. Since there are about 285 graduate schools in psychology in the United States, the authors note a large inequality among them. However, this disparity decreases over time as among those born before 1936, 38% received their PhD from an Ivy League university (i.e. a total of 8 universities). Among those born after 1936, there are already 21% of them. There is greater diversity at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The first 5 places here are occupied by Harvard, the University of Michigan, the City University of New York, Stanford and the University of California at Berkeley. These universities graduated 20% of the most prominent psychologists.
- Most of the researchers on this list have at least some time worked at these most prestigious universities: 50 people worked at Harvard, 30 at Stanford, 27 at the University of Pennsylvania, 27 at the University of Michigan, 25 at Yale.
- Despite the fact that 75% to 80% of psychologists graduating from universities are women (the same is true at the level of PhD degrees), the list of the most prominent women is a minority. However, over time, their number increases. Among those born before 1921, only 10% are women, between 1921 and 1950 - 22%, between 1951 and 1965 - 27%.
Anticipating possible questions and comments, I will say right away. Yes, this list consists only of researchers, there are no practitioners. That's how it was intended. The list was built on the basis of specific criteria, and if some of your favorite psychologists are not on it, then according to these criteria, it is below the rest. The list is current at the moment, but over time it may change. New people can get into it, and those already in it can change their place.
And the last. If suddenly you want to become an outstanding psychologist, the analysis of the list of the most prominent psychologists can give you some tips that can help you in this. First, you need to graduate from one of the most prestigious universities in the world and get a PhD degree from one of them. At the same time, it is not so important what exactly you will do inside psychology and what you will study, although it seems to be more profitable to study the psychology of sensations and perceptions or social psychology. Secondly, you need to work hard, do a lot of research and publish a lot of articles, at least a hundred. Thirdly, you must love to do research and do it all your life, which should be long (you should try to live at least up to 80 years). Fourth, you have to be patient, in psychology, fame comes late.
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Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Park, J. Y. (2014). An Incomplete List of Eminent Psychologists of the Modern Era. Archives of Scientific Psychology, 2(1), 20–32. doi:10.1037/arc0000006
Post written
Psychology, or the science of the soul, has been known to the world since antiquity. That's when she was born. Over the years, this science has been changed, developed, supplemented.
They made a huge contribution to this psychologists who explored the inner world of man. They wrote many treatises, articles and books, on the pages of which they told the world something new, something that turned the view of many things upside down.
In this material, the site presents to your attention the names the most famous psychologists in the world, quotes from which are often found in books, magazines and newspapers. These are the people who became famous all over the world for their discoveries and scientific views.
Sigmund Freud - the most famous psychologist in the world, who founded psychoanalysis
Many of you have probably heard about this great Austrian psychologist, psychoanalyst, psychiatrist and neurologist. It was his inquisitiveness in the knowledge of human nature and a penetrating mind that prompted him to the following idea: the cause of a nervous breakdown lies in a whole complex of conscious and unconscious processes that closely interact with each other.
Therefore, the most influential psychologist in the world created psychoanalysis - a specific method of treatment. mental disorders which brought Freud worldwide recognition.
The essence of Freud's psychoanalysis is as follows: the patient ceases to control his thoughts and says the first thing that comes to his mind through associations, fantasies and dreams.
Based on all this, the analyst draws a conclusion about what unconscious conflicts led to the problem. Then the specialist interprets it to the patient in order to find ways to solve the problem.
This innovative method of treating mental disorders had a huge impact on medicine, psychology, anthropology, sociology, literature, and art of the 20th century.
Despite the fact that it has been criticized and is still being criticized in scientific circles, it is widely used in our time.
Abraham Harold Maslow - author of the pyramid of human needs
Abraham Harold Maslow is also among the world's most influential psychologists. The American psychologist founded humanistic psychology, according to which a person from birth strives for self-improvement, creativity and self-sufficiency.
In other words, a person is the creator of his own life, having the freedom to choose and develop a lifestyle, unless physical or social influences interfere.
Among the scientific works of the world-famous thinker, special attention deserves " Maslow's pyramid". It consists of special charts that reflect the needs of a person, which the psychologist has distributed as they grow.
They are shown in the following picture:
The author explains this distribution by the fact that while a person experiences physiological needs, he cannot experience needs that are at the highest level. Maslow's pyramid is widely used in economics today.
Victor Emil Frankl - founder of logotherapy
Viktor Emil Frankl is included in the list of the most famous psychologists in the world for a reason. After all, being also a psychiatrist, as well as a philosopher, he created the Third Vienna School of Psychotherapy.
Among the most popular scientific works of the thinker, the work “Man in search of meaning” should be highlighted. It was this monograph that became the impetus for the development of logotherapy - a new method of psychotherapy.
According to her, the desire of a person to find and realize his meaning of life in the world is the primary motivating force.
The main task of logotherapy, which Frankl created, is to help a person make his past, present and future more meaningful, thus saving him from neurosis.
Frankl called the suppression of this need existential frustration. This psychological state often leads to mental and neurotic disorders.
Alois Alzheimer - psychiatrist who studied pathologies of the nervous system
The name of the German psychiatrist and neurologist is probably known to many of you. After all, she named a well-known mental disorder, accompanied by a violation of memory, attention, performance and disorientation in space. Namely, Alzheimer's disease.
A neurologist devoted his entire life to the study of various pathologies of the nervous system. In his articles, he covered topics such as like schizophrenia, brain atrophy, alcoholic psychosis, epilepsy and much more.
The works of the German psychiatrist are still widely used throughout the world today. So, in order to diagnose Alzheimer's disease, the same diagnostic methods are used that a neurologist used back in 1906.
Dale Carnegie - the world's most famous psychologist, guru of human relationships
American educational psychologist, Dale Carnegie wanted to become a teacher in order to stand out and achieve recognition, because in his youth he was ashamed of his appearance and poverty.
So he decided to try his hand at oratory. Giving all of himself to training and practicing speech, he achieves his goal and begins his career with teaching stage art and rhetoric.
Then he creates his own institute of oratory and human relations, where he teaches everyone the communication skills that he created himself.
Dale Carnegie was not only a famous educator, psychologist, motivational speaker and lecturer, but also a writer. In 1936, his book How to Win Friends and Influence People was published and became a worldwide bestseller. In it, the author in an understandable language, based on examples from life, explains to readers what needs to be done in order to gain respect, recognition and popularity.
Of course, there are much more influential world psychologists. But we did not focus on each of them. But they only singled out those personalities whose names everyone should know.
After all, their works are truly valuable, because they have changed the lives of many people. They contain the information that each person can use to solve a particular difficult situation, gain valuable life skills, improve relationships with others, and also in order to fill their existence with meaning.
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