The role of international organizations in the modern world presentation. Presentation on the topic of international organizations. arms control

International intergovernmental organizations (IMGOs) are permanent associations of states created on the basis of an international treaty in order to promote the solution of international problems specified in the treaty. International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) permanent associations of national unions, associations, non-governmental societies to achieve common goals in the field of health, culture, education, science and technology, charity, etc.

The main goals of the UN When joining the UN, the state assumes the obligations set forth in the Charter, which reflects the principles of international relations and the main goals of the UN: to maintain international peace and security; develop friendly relations between nations; to carry out international cooperation in solving international problems; to encourage respect for human rights and to be a center for the concerted action of nations in the pursuit of these common goals.

UN Headquarters in New York (USA) The United Nations is not a world government and does not adopt laws, but it has powerful levers for resolving political conflicts: troops, financial resources generated from contributions from participating countries. According to the UN Charter, member countries that are in arrears in the payment of monetary contributions are deprived of the right to vote in the General Assembly.

General Assembly All members of the UN are represented in it, each state has one vote. Decisions on important matters, such as the maintenance of international peace and security, the admission of new members, or the approval of the UN budget, including budgets for peacekeeping operations, are taken by majority vote. Decisions on other issues are taken by a simple majority of votes. The Assembly's recommendations are a reflection of world public opinion.

The Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security and may be convened at any time when there is a threat to the peace. The Council consists of 15 members. Five of them China, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, the United States and France are permanent members. The remaining 10 members of the Council are elected by the General Assembly for two years on regional quotas of five seats for Asia and Africa, one for Eastern Europe, two for Latin America, two for Western Europe. Decisions of the Council are considered adopted when the votes of nine of its members are cast in favor of them. However, a decision cannot be taken even if one of the permanent members votes against, i.e., uses his veto. Council decisions are binding on all Member States.

The Economic and Social Council coordinates the activities of the UN and its agencies in the economic and social fields, in the field of international cooperation. Five regional commissions promote economic development and strengthening of economic relations in their regions.

The Trusteeship Council was established to provide international oversight of 11 Trust Territories administered by seven Member States. By 1995, all of the Trust Territories had become self-governing or independent, either as independent states or by joining neighboring independent states. The work of the Council has now been largely completed, and it is planned to transform the Trusteeship Council into a forum for the protection of the planet's environment.

International Court. The Court is the main judicial body of the UN and deals with the settlement of disputes between states. The Secretariat carries out the operational and administrative work of the UN in accordance with the instructions of the General Assembly, the Security Council and other bodies. It is headed by the Secretary-General, who recruits the staff necessary for the operation of the Organization and provides general administrative direction. In 2007, the Secretariat consisted of nine departments and a number of offices, employing 8,700 people from almost 160 countries

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Established in 1949 to counter the threat of communism By 2008, 26 nations became NATO members: In 1999, three new members joined NATO, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2004, there were seven Eastern European countries in NATO: Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The headquarters of the governing bodies is located in Brussels (Belgium).

Objectives In accordance with the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949, NATO's goal is "to enhance stability and prosperity in the North Atlantic region." "The participating countries joined their efforts in order to create a collective defense and maintain peace and security." 1949 In general, the bloc was created to "repel the Soviet threat." In the words of First Secretary General Ismay Hastings, the purpose of NATO's creation is "...to keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans under." regulation and security through cooperation.2010

Universal Postal Union Founded in 1874. 1874 Interstate organization for the provision and improvement of postal communications on the single postal territory formed by the Universal Postal Union. Postal unites almost all countries of the world, including Russia. Russia

Objectives Establishing uniform international postal communications and facilitating the exchange of international mail through the Universal Postal Convention and additional agreements of the Universal Postal Convention. Promoting postal cooperation between the member states of the union. Establishment of tariffs for international postal communications (including transit costs). Transit tariffs Settlement of disputes between members of the union.

UPU bodies Universal Postal Congress (supreme body). congress It is convened every four years, at which all member states of the union are represented on an equal footing. The XXIV Universal Postal Congress was held from July 23 to August 12, 2008 in Geneva (Switzerland). The Council of Administration (formerly the Executive Council) . which is the Russian Post (represented by the Head of the Directorate of Financial Services Avdyukov V.V.) International Bureau as a permanent secretariat and management body in Bern. ) and EMS (international express mail delivery service). TelematicsEMS express mail delivery

It was formed in 1991 to coordinate cooperation and provide a mechanism for the civilized collapse of the USSR. The CIS includes 12 member countries, former republics of the USSR, located in Europe and Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine. The headquarters is located in Minsk (Belarus) and Moscow (Russia).

Objectives cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields; comprehensive development of the participating states within the framework of the common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration; common economic space ensuring human rights and freedoms; cooperation in ensuring international peace and security, achieving general and complete disarmament; mutual legal assistance; peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts between member states of the organization.

Structural subdivisions: Council of CIS Heads of State Council of CIS Heads of Government Council of CIS Foreign Ministers Council of CIS Defense Ministers Council of CIS Joint Armed Forces Council of CIS Border Troops Commanders CIS Interstate Economic Council CIS Interparliamentary Assembly Economic Court Interstate Statistical Committee Commission on Human Rights, etc.
May 15 On May 15, 1992, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed a Collective Security Treaty (CST) in Tashkent. Azerbaijan signed the agreement on September 24, 1993, Georgia on September 9, 1993, Belarus on December 31, 1993. At the Moscow session of the Collective Security Treaty on May 14, 2002, it was decided to transform the Collective Security Treaty Organization into a full-fledged international organization, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO).

Goals The task of the CSTO is to protect the territorial and economic space of the countries participating in the treaty by the joint efforts of the armies and auxiliary units from any external military-political aggressors, international terrorists, as well as from large-scale natural disasters.

Structure of the CSTO The supreme body of the Organization is the Collective Security Council (CSC). The Council consists of the heads of member states. The Council considers the fundamental issues of the Organization's activities and makes decisions aimed at the implementation of its goals and objectives, as well as ensures coordination and joint activities of the Member States to achieve these goals. The Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs (CMFA) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization for coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of foreign policy.

The Council of Ministers of Defense (CMO) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization for coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of military policy, military development and military-technical cooperation. The Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils (CSSC) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization for coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of ensuring their national security. The Secretary General of the Organization is the highest administrative officer of the Organization and manages the Secretariat of the Organization. Appointed by the decision of the CSC from among the citizens of the Member States and is accountable to the Council. Currently, he is Nikolai Bordyuzha.Nikolay Bordyuzha

The Secretariat of the Organization is a permanent working body of the Organization for the implementation of organizational, informational, analytical and advisory support for the activities of the Organization's bodies. The CSTO Joint Headquarters is a permanent working body of the Organization and the CMO of the CSTO, responsible for preparing proposals and implementing decisions on the military component of the CSTO. From December 1, 2006, it is planned to assign to the joint headquarters the tasks performed by the command and the permanent task force of the headquarters of the collective forces.

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International organizations are associations of an interstate or non-state character, created on the basis of agreements to achieve certain goals.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a military-political alliance that emerged in 1949. Members: USA, UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Iceland, Canada, Luxembourg, Norway, Netherlands, Germany, Greece, Portugal, Turkey. 29 countries. The goal of NATO is to ensure the security of peace-loving states and the maintenance of world peace. Obviously, with the collapse of the Warsaw Treaty Organization, NATO members should strive to create a system of collective security in Europe. The headquarters is located in Brussels.

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association of 27 European states that signed the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty). The EU is a unique international entity: it combines the characteristics of an international organization and a state. The main innovation is that the members of the Union gave up a certain part of national sovereignty in order to create a political association with a single structure.

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The EU is an economic union of 27 European countries. Purpose - The European Union was formed with the aim of creating a common market for goods, capital and labor by abolishing customs duties in trade between community members, conducting a coordinated trade policy with respect to third world countries, joint activities in the field of agriculture, energy, transport and coordinating a common economic and social policy. The headquarters of the European Union is located in Brussels.

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MERCOSUR is a trade union of South American countries, which unites 250 million people and more than 75% of the total GDP of the continent. In terms of size and economic potential, MERCOSUR is the second customs union after the EU and the third free trade area after the EU and NAFTA. Purpose: promotion of free trade; optimization of logistics and delivery of goods within the continent; the unification of the population and the development of the economy; efficient use of investments; increasing the international competitiveness of the region's economies. Members: Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Venezuela.

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BRICS (BRICS) - a group of five rapidly developing countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa. Before joining South Africa, the organization was called BRIC. The goal is to solve the issues of overcoming the global financial and economic crisis, raising the living standards of the population and the transition to high-tech production.

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NAFTA - economic zone Purpose: removal of barriers and stimulation of the movement of goods and services between the countries-participants of the agreement; creation and maintenance of conditions for fair competition in the free trade zone; attraction of investments to the countries-members of the agreement; ensuring proper and effective protection and protection of intellectual property rights. Members: Canada, USA, Mexico

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The OSCE is the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. The world's largest regional security organization. It unites 57 countries located in North America, Europe and Central Asia. Purpose: prevention of conflicts in the region, settlement of crisis situations, elimination of the consequences of conflicts.

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The CIS is an international organization designed to regulate cooperation relations between states that were previously part of the USSR (not all). The CIS is not a supranational entity and operates on a voluntary basis.

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The SCO is a regional international organization founded in 2001. Members: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. Goal: joint counteraction to terrorism, separatism and extremism in all their manifestations, combating drug and arms trafficking, other types of transnational criminal activity, as well as illegal migration. Interaction in the prevention of international conflicts and their peaceful settlement; joint search for solutions to problems that will arise in the twenty-first century.

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Purpose: an international organization established in 1995 with the aim of liberalizing international trade and regulating trade and political relations of member states. Members: As of January 1, 2006, 150 countries became members of the WTO. 30 states, including Russia, have observer status and are in the process of joining the WTO. Headquarters - located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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It was founded on September 25, 1969 at the Conference of Muslim Heads of State in Rabat. The goal is to ensure Islamic solidarity in the social, economic and political spheres, fight against colonialism, neo-colonialism and racism and support the Palestine Liberation Organization. Headquarters - located in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia).

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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a regional organization, which includes the following states: Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Brunei. Goal: Accelerate economic growth, social progress, cultural development of the member countries and the establishment of peace and stability in the southeast region of Asia. All these countries in the recent past were backward states, but now they are experiencing a period of rapid growth. Partners: USA and Japan. Headquarters are located in Bangkok (Thailand) and Jakarta (Indonesia).

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The G7 are the seven leading market economies in the world. Members: USA, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy and Canada. Purpose: consideration of relatively narrow issues (exchange rates, export and import controls); analysis of the world economy, search for ways to influence the pace and proportions of its development. The G7 holds annual high-level economic meetings with the participation of representatives of the countries of the European Union.

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OAS - This is the largest grouping of states in the Western Hemisphere. It includes about 30 states of North and South America. The goal is to strengthen peace and security in the region, prevent disagreements and peacefully resolve disputes, joint actions in the event of aggression, promote the solution of political, economic and legal problems of the American countries, join forces for scientific, technological and cultural progress. Headquarters - located in Washington.

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OAU - This is the largest and most influential grouping of independent countries in Africa. By its nature, it is an interstate political organization. It unites over 50 states of the continent. The goal is to develop comprehensive political and economic cooperation between African countries, strengthen their solidarity and unity in the international arena, eliminate all types of colonialism, protect the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of countries. The headquarters is located in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia).

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1945 - the date of the creation of the UN The goal is to maintain and strengthen international peace and security, as well as the development of cooperation between states. The fight against colonialism and gross and mass violations of human rights are also important areas of UN activity.

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Members: all peace-loving states that recognize its Charter and are ready to implement it. (193) Organs: General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, International Court of Justice and Secretariat. The headquarters is located in New York. There are many specialized agencies within the UN, such as: IAEA, FAO, UNESCO, WHO, IMF, WMO, OPEC, OECD. UN Secretary General - António Guterres (Portugal) since January 1, 2017

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The IAEA - its main goal is to achieve a wider use of atomic energy by the countries of the world and to ensure that its use cannot be switched to military purposes. The Agency advises and assists in the implementation of national nuclear energy programs. The agency is headquartered in Vienna.

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FAO - food and agriculture organization Goal - combat hunger in the world, promote better nutrition and improve the standard of living of people; increasing the productivity of agriculture, fish farming and forestry; improvement of the distribution system for food and agricultural products. The headquarters of the organization is located in Rome.

Economic and political unification of 27 European states. A common market has been created to guarantee the free movement of people, goods, capital and services, including the abolition of passport control within the Schengen visa. A single currency (euro) has been introduced. The association has the authority to participate in international relations. A common foreign and security policy has been formed.

An international intergovernmental organization established by oil-producing countries to stabilize oil prices. The organization includes 12 countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola.

Political, economic, cultural, regional intergovernmental organization of countries located in Southeast Asia. The directly forming states are Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia. Objectives: to accelerate the economic, social and cultural development of the member countries; establishing peace and stability in the region.

Organization for Education, Science and Culture. Main goals: to promote the strengthening of peace and security through the expansion of cooperation between states and peoples in the field of education, science and culture; ensuring justice and observance of the rule of law, universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It has 195 member states.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the world's largest military-political bloc, uniting most of the countries of Europe, the United States and Canada. One of the declared goals of the organization is to ensure the deterrence of any form of aggression against the territory of any member state or protection against it.

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International organizations

Geography lesson 10 (profile) class MOU secondary school No. 4 of the village N. Aleksandrovka Teacher: Shapovalova M.V.

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The United Nations Organization was established on October 24, 1945 by 51 countries in order to preserve peace, develop international cooperation, and ensure collective security. In 2007, the UN included 192 independent states

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Main goals of the UN

When joining the UN, a state assumes the obligations set forth in the Charter, which reflects the principles of international relations and the main goals of the UN:

maintain international peace and security; develop friendly relations between nations; to carry out international cooperation in solving international problems; to encourage respect for human rights and to be a center for the concerted action of nations in the pursuit of these common goals.

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UN Headquarters in New York (USA)

The United Nations is not a world government and does not adopt laws, but it has powerful levers for resolving political conflicts: troops, financial resources generated from contributions from participating countries. According to the UN Charter, member countries that are in arrears in the payment of monetary contributions are deprived of the right to vote in the General Assembly.

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Principal organs of the UN

General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice.

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General Assembly

All members of the UN are represented in it, each state has one vote. Decisions on important matters, such as the maintenance of international peace and security, the admission of new members, or the approval of the UN budget, including budgets for peacekeeping operations, are taken by a majority of ⅔ votes. Decisions on other issues are taken by a simple majority of votes. The Assembly's recommendations are a reflection of world public opinion.

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Security Council

is responsible for maintaining international peace and security and can be convened at any time when a threat to peace arises. The Council consists of 15 members. Five of them - China, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, the United States and France - are permanent members. The remaining 10 members of the Council are elected by the General Assembly for two years according to regional quotas - five seats for Asia and Africa, one for Eastern Europe, two for Latin America, two for Western Europe. Decisions of the Council are considered adopted when the votes of nine of its members are cast in favor of them. However, a decision cannot be taken even if one of the permanent members votes against, i.e., uses his veto. Council decisions are binding on all Member States.

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Economic and Social Council

coordinates the activities of the UN and its agencies in the economic and social fields, in the field of international cooperation. Five regional commissions promote economic development and strengthening of economic relations in their regions.

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Guardian Council

was established to provide international oversight of 11 Trust Territories administered by seven Member States. By 1995, all of the Trust Territories had become self-governing or independent, either as independent states or by joining neighboring independent states. The work of the Council has now been largely completed, and it is planned to transform the Trusteeship Council into a forum for the protection of the planet's environment.

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International Court.

The Court is the main judicial body of the UN and deals with the settlement of disputes between states. The Secretariat carries out the operational and administrative work of the UN in accordance with the instructions of the General Assembly, the Security Council and other bodies. It is headed by the Secretary-General, who recruits the staff necessary for the operation of the Organization and provides general administrative direction. In 2007, the Secretariat consisted of nine departments and a number of offices, employing 8,700 people from almost 160 countries

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UN structure. Where are the main agencies of the UN system located?

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Other international organizations

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO

It was created in 1949 as a counter to the threat of communism. By 2008, 26 states became NATO members: In 1999, three new members joined NATO - Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2004, there were seven Eastern European countries in NATO: Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The headquarters of the governing bodies is located in Brussels (Belgium).

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Council for Mutual Economic Assistance - CMEA

organization of economic cooperation of socialist countries, which existed in 1949-1991. Member countries: Albania (did not participate in the work of the organization since 1961, after breaking off relations with the USSR), Bulgaria, Vietnam, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had the status of an associate member; the status of observers had the so-called countries of socialist orientation - Afghanistan, Angola, Ethiopia, Laos, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Yemen.

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ANZUS (Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty - ANZUS)

military-political bloc of the USA, Australia and New Zealand (named after the first letters of the names of the participating countries: Australia, New Zealand, United States). The “Security Treaty”, which laid the foundation for the activities of ANZUS, was signed in 1951 for an indefinite period (in force since 1952). Since 1986, the activity of the union has been reduced to the annual meetings of Australia and the USA).

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Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe - OSCE

The predecessor of the OSCE was the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Final Act of which - a long-term program for the development of the process of detente, cooperation in Europe - was signed in 1975 in Helsinki (Finland) by the heads of state and government of 33 countries of Western Europe, as well as the USA and Canada . A new period in the activities of the OSCE began with the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, signed in 1990, and the decisions of the Budapest meeting in 1994. OSCE participants in 2008 - 56 states of Europe, Asia and America

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Islamic Conference - OIC

was established in 1969 at the Conference of Heads of State and Government of Muslim Countries in Rabat (Morocco) with the aim of ensuring Islamic solidarity in the economic, social and political sphere, eliminating racism and colonialism, helping Muslim peoples in the struggle for independence and supporting the Palestine Liberation Organization. The OIC has 57 members: The headquarters of the General Secretariat is located in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia).

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League of Arab States - Arab League

It was formed in 1945 by seven Arab states of Asia and Africa - Egypt, Iraq, Yemen, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan. By 2008, the LAS had 22 members. The headquarters is located in Cairo.

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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries - OPEC

established in 1960 to coordinate oil production policy. Member countries (13) - Algeria, Angola, Venezuela, Iraq, Iran, Indonesia, Qatar, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Ecuador.

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Union of Independent States - CIS

UN Headquarters in New York (USA) The United Nations is not a world government and does not make laws, but it has powerful levers for resolving political conflicts: troops, financial resources generated from contributions from participating countries. According to the UN Charter, member countries that are in arrears in the payment of monetary contributions are deprived of the right to vote in the General Assembly.

General Assembly All members of the UN are represented in it, each state has one vote. Decisions on important matters, such as the maintenance of international peace and security, the admission of new members, or the approval of the UN budget, including budgets for peacekeeping operations, are taken by a majority of ⅔ votes. Decisions on other issues are taken by a simple majority of votes. The Assembly's recommendations are a reflection of world public opinion.

The Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security and may be convened at any time when there is a threat to the peace. The Council consists of 15 members. Five of them - China, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, the United States and France - are permanent members. The remaining 10 members of the Council are elected by the General Assembly for two years according to regional quotas - five seats for Asia and Africa, one for Eastern Europe, two for Latin America, two for Western Europe. Decisions of the Council are considered adopted when the votes of nine of its members are cast in favor of them. However, a decision cannot be taken even if one of the permanent members votes against, i.e., uses his veto. Council decisions are binding on all Member States.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO Was created in 1949 to counter the threat of communism By 2008, 26 states became NATO members: In 1999, three new members joined NATO - Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2004, there were seven Eastern European countries in NATO: Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The headquarters of the governing bodies is located in Brussels (Belgium).

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance - CMEA is an organization for economic cooperation of socialist countries that existed in 1949-1991. Member countries: Albania (did not participate in the work of the organization since 1961, after breaking off relations with the USSR), Bulgaria, Vietnam, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had the status of an associate member; the status of observers had the so-called countries of socialist orientation - Afghanistan, Angola, Ethiopia, Laos, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Yemen.

ANZUS (Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty - ANZUS) is a military-political bloc of the United States, Australia and New Zealand (named after the first letters of the names of the participating countries: Australia, New Zealand, United States). The “Security Treaty”, which laid the foundation for the activities of ANZUS, was signed in 1951 for an indefinite period (in force since 1952). Since 1986, the activity of the union has been reduced to the annual meetings of Australia and the USA).

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe - OSCE The predecessor of the OSCE was the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Final Act of which - a long-term program for the development of the process of detente, cooperation in Europe - was signed in 1975 in Helsinki (Finland) by the heads of state and government 33 Western European countries, as well as the USA and Canada. A new period in the activities of the OSCE began with the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, signed in 1990, and the decisions of the Budapest meeting in 1994. OSCE participants in 2008 - 56 states of Europe, Asia and America

Islamic Conference - The OIC was established in 1969 at the Conference of Heads of State and Government of Muslim Countries in Rabat (Morocco) with the aim of ensuring Islamic solidarity in the economic, social and political sphere, eliminating racism and colonialism, helping Muslim peoples in the struggle for independence and supporting Palestine Liberation Organization. The OIC has 57 members: The headquarters of the General Secretariat is located in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia).

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