Aircraft MIG 21 all modifications. Russian aviation. Instrumentation and radio-electronic equipment
The MiG-21 became a landmark aircraft not only because it had outstanding flight performance for its time; the design of the aircraft - airframe, power plant, emergency rescue system and weapons - was based on many innovative technical solutions.
The triangular wing in plan view is made of symmetrical TsAGI profiles with a relative thickness of 5% and consists of two single-spar consoles with front and rear stringer walls. Each console has two fuel tanks (in the bow and middle parts), a set of ribs and stringers that reinforce the skin. On the wing there are ailerons with a total area of 0.88 m 2, and to improve takeoff and landing characteristics - flaps with a sliding axis of rotation with a total area of 1.87 m 2. Aerodynamic baffles (ridges) with a height of 7% of the local wing chord improved longitudinal stability at high angles of attack. In addition to the fuel compartments, oxygen cylinders were located in the root parts of the wing. The consoles also mounted landing lights and weapon hardpoints. The consoles are attached to the fuselage at five points.
Horizontal tail with a sweep of 550 and a moving area of 3.94 m 2 recruited from symmetrical A6A profiles with a relative thickness of 6%. Each half of the stabilizer is attached to a round steel beam. The stabilizer beams rotate in angular contact bearings mounted on frame No. 35A, and needle bearings mounted on frame No. 36 on both sides of the fuselage.
Fuselage structure of the MiG-21 F-13
Niche of the main chassis
Hanging fuel tank
Design of the tail section of the MiG-21F-13
The vertical tail unit with a sweep of 60°, consisting of a keel and a rudder, is assembled from S-11s profiles with a relative thickness of 6%.
The fuselage is semi-monocoque. For installation, removal and inspection of the engine during routine maintenance, there is a connector dividing the fuselage into the nose and tail sections. The fuselage has two front brake flaps with a deflection angle of 25 ° and one rear one (an deflection angle of 40 °). In the tail section of the fuselage there is a niche for a braking parachute, released at the moment the main wheels touch the ground.
Chassis - tricycle with a nose wheel. The front strut with the KT-38 wheel with a tire size of 500x180 mm is retracted against the flow into the forward fuselage niche. The main supports with KT-82M wheels with tire size 660x200 mm are retracted into the wing (strut with shock absorber and hydraulic cylinder) and fuselage (wheels).
The R11F-300 turbojet engine is a two-shaft engine with an axial six-stage compressor, with a tubular combustion chamber and an afterburner. The engine, no matter how trite it sounds, is the "heart" of the aircraft, and the achievement of design characteristics largely depends on the coordinated work of the entire power plant. R11F-300, at first capricious in operation, having a low resource, by the time the MiG-21F appeared, it was considered a finished engine, which became the basis for its production. But achieving the desired thrust and specific fuel and resource consumption is only a necessary, but not sufficient condition for accepting an aircraft into service (or supply) with the Air Force. It is also necessary that the engine work stably in all operating modes, not “cut off” when firing from cannons or launching missiles. And here a lot depends on the correct choice of parameters and the scheme of the air intake device, the presence of flaps - anti-surge and feeding the engine.
The tail of the MiG-21 F
Anti-surge automatic flaps were located on both sides of the fuselage between the 2nd and 3rd frames, and between the 9th and 10th frames there were engine feed flaps that opened on the ground and during takeoff.
Fuel with a total volume of 2300 liters was placed in four wing, fuselage and ventral 800-liter tanks. Kerosene T-1, TC-1 and T-2 was used as fuel.
The SK emergency escape system, developed at OKB-155, was perhaps the most original technical solution in the aircraft. High hopes were pinned on her, but subsequent operation revealed low reliability and the impossibility of rescuing the pilot when ejecting from the ground. "SK" consisted of a folding part of the lantern, which, when the cockpit was opened, rose up and forward, and an ejection seat.
The cockpit canopy is a rather complex design. I will only note its main distinguishing elements. The front glass is made of silicate glass with a thickness of 14.5 mm, and the main glass is made of heat-resistant organic glass with a thickness of 10 mm. Directly under the windshield was a fixed screen - armored glass made of 62-mm triplex. The screen was supposed to protect the pilot from a direct hit by shells and shrapnel; in addition, during ejection, the rollers of the lantern rolled over the screen, and in the event of an emergency reset of the lantern, it protected the pilot from the oncoming air flow.
On the frame of the rear arc of the folding part of the lantern there was a magnesium alloy cover. During ejection with protection by a lantern, the hatch cover was knocked out by the pyromechanism of the stabilizing parachute of the seat. The front part of the lantern was separated from the tail sealed part by a partition, on the sides of which there were small windows for viewing the rear hemisphere. The lantern was supplied with a liquid anti-icing system that washed the windshield. A five-liter tank with alcohol, used for these purposes, was located in the front spinner of the fuselage.
Nose landing gear
Main landing gear
Construction of the main landing gear
In addition to the standard set of flight-navigation and engine control and various instrument systems, the equipment included an RSIU-5 command VHF radio station, a marker radio receiver
MRP-56I, radio compass ARK-54I and roll autopilot KAP-1.
An ASP-5N-VU1 optical sight was installed on the aircraft, coupled with a VRD-1 computer and a SRD-5 Kvant radio range finder, which was located under the radio-transparent fairing of the central body of the engine air intake.
The armament of the aircraft included a 30 mm NR-30 cannon, as well as rocket and bomb weapons suspended on beam holders BDZ-58-21. K-13 missiles were placed on APU-28 launchers. In addition, the suspension was allowed up to 32 ARS-57M, two ARS-212 or ARS-240 and bombs.
The pilot's equipment included a VKK-ZM high-altitude compensating suit with a GSh-4M pressure helmet and a KKO-3 oxygen equipment kit.
Production of MiG-21 aircraft until 1962
* Filed by the MAP archive, but according to information received from plant No. 21, - 73 aircraft
The main characteristics of the MiG-21 aircraft family
The main characteristics of the MiG-21 training aircraft
Despite the fact that less than a year passed from the release of the government decree to the start of flight tests of the first prototype of the future MiG-21, its fine-tuning dragged on for five years. Only in 1960 did the customer receive the first serial MiG-21F fighters. At that time, no one could have imagined that the aircraft would very quickly receive well-deserved recognition from military pilots in almost all corners of the planet.
The MiG-21 was widely talked about in the mid-1960s, when it began to successfully fight Phantoms and Stratofortress in the skies of Vietnam, and became a kind of standard of maneuverability and survivability. Its "rivals" - the American F-104 and the French "Mirage III" - have long gone, but the updated MiG-21 will continue to carry out combat service for a long time, not inferior to fourth-generation fighters.
MiG-21 F-13 Indonesian Air Force
Former Iraqi MiG-21 F-13 tested in Israel
MiG-2F-13 USSR Air Force
MiG-21 UM of the USSR Air Force. On the plane sign "Excellent aircraft"
MiG-21 UM USSR Air Force
MiG-21F Egyptian Air Force
MiG-21 F-13 tested in the USA
MiG-21 F-13 Yugoslav Air Force
MiG-21U Finnish Air Force
MiG-21 UM of the Hungarian Air Force
A very interesting, legendary, high-spirited aircraft with very good controllability, especially in the transverse channel. For example, he turns “barrels” in a second at a speed of 700-800 km / h.
- Deputy head of the flight service of the Sukhoi Design Bureau, reserve colonel Sergei Bogdan.
The pilots of the 4477th squadron demonstrated how quickly the MiG-17 can turn up its nose to fire a burst of cannons, how high the angular roll rate of the MiG-21 is and how easily the MiG-23 picks up speed.
- from the "Red Eagles", tests of MIGs in the USA
The angular rate of roll (rate of roll) is not easy. The most important parameter on which the speed of the "barrel" depends, i.e. the possibility of avoiding an attack. Wild superiority in aerial combat! However, first things first.
I first met the respected one in Samara. On that day, we managed not only to stand nearby, but even sit in his small cockpit ... So, here is the aircraft control stick (RUS), comfortable, made of ribbed plastic. It has built in control buttons. The left palm compresses the engine control stick, directly below it is the flap control panel. The gaze is looking for five main flight instruments: attitude indicator, compass, speedometer, variometer, altimeter ... Found it!
Directly ahead, the round window of the Sapphire is darkening. Perhaps here, marks from Mirages and Phantoms were once projected on the dull glass, but now the device is off. The once formidable airship now sleeps under the evening sky - the one that he had to defend once. But, it's time - at the bottom of the stairs there are others who want to sit in the cockpit of a real MiG-21. For the last time I take a look at the pretty blue cockpit and leave the pilot's seat ...
And the Swiss and the reaper
The reason for the story about the MiG was the age-old dispute about the "universal aircraft". As usual, it all started with criticism of the legendary "Phantom", which, according to the disputants, was conceived as a perfect fighter-bomber, and the result was a bad fighter and a bad bomber. Further, there was a dispute about the combat load - how many tons of bombs and various types of target load can be hung under the wing of a light fighter - so that it does not turn into a clumsy "iron".
Combining the two disputes, one thing can be stated - the creation of a "universal aircraft" in the era of jet aviation is not a dream, but a reality. The hurricane thrust of a jet engine allows even the lightest fighters to lift such a number of bombs into the sky that even the four-engine "Flying Fortress" with a wingspan of 31 meters did not lift 70 years ago. And here such injustice arises: the universal "Phantom" and the supposedly non-universal MIG. How so? After all, the brightest pages in the combat career of the MiG-21 were Vietnam, the Middle East and ... Afghanistan.
On January 9, they covered another convoy from Termez to Faizabad. There was a motorized rifle regiment, with trucks and equipment, covered with "armor" from the head and tail. The column passed Talukan and headed towards Kishima. Having stretched out, the column formed a gap of a kilometer, where there was neither "armor" nor fire weapons. That's where the rebels hit.
From our Chirchik regiment, the first to raise a pair of flight commander Captain Alexander Mukhin, who was in readiness No. 1 at his plane. Behind him flew a group of leaders. Excitement was great, everyone wanted to make war, to be noted in business. Returning, the commanders immediately changed the aircraft, transferring to the waiting prepared fighters. The rest had to be content with sitting in the booths ready, waiting in line. The pilots flew in excited, told just like in a movie about Chapaev: they fired NURSs from UB-32 blocks at a crowd of cavalry and foot dushmans, practically in open areas. They cut it down pretty good.
NURSs are not everything. In addition to the functions of attack aircraft and fire support aircraft, MiGs were used as real bombers. And nothing that the "kids" did not even have the simplest bomber sights. In the mountains, complex sighting systems lost their effectiveness, and flying skills and knowledge of the terrain came to the fore. Non-aimed bombing was also facilitated by the very nature of the hostilities:
It was necessary to strike in the Parmin Gorge near Bagram. The aircraft were loaded with four OFAB-250-270 bombs. The attack had to be carried out according to the instructions of the aircraft controller, the goal was firing points on the slopes of the mountains.
After setting the task, I asked the commander: "How to drop bombs?". He explained to me that the main thing is to keep the order of battle and look at him. As soon as his bombs go off, then I should also drop with a delay "and p-time ...", because from the first approach and in the first attack in my life, I still won’t find where to aim, especially since we have to strike apply to "supposed" firing points. And the delay is needed so that the bombs fall with dispersion: it makes no sense to put all eight pieces in one place, let these two tons cover a large area, it’s more reliable.
Fighters of the MiG-21PFM, MiG-21SM, MiG-21bis types formed the basis of the strike aviation of the 40 Army until the summer of 1984, when they were replaced by more modern MiG-23s. But even with the advent of full-fledged fighter-bombers and attack aircraft of a special design (Su-25), they continued to be used to strike at the positions of the Mujahideen until the very end of the war. The pilots loved the "twenty-first" for their swiftness and small size - it was extremely difficult to hit the attacking MiG-21 from the DShK from the ground.
For extreme "nimbleness" and maneuverability, the MiG-21 in Afghanistan was nicknamed "cheerful". The command to call fighters from the command post sounded like this in plain text: "Raise the link of" cheerful "to a given area."
In the autumn and winter months of 1988-89, until mid-February, the pilots had to fly three or four sorties a day. Combat charge of the MiG-21bis was two 500 kg bombs or four 250 kg bombs per aircraft. The types of ammunition were determined by the combat mission, from high-explosive, high-explosive, incendiary and RBC in attacks on settlements and militant bases to concrete-piercing and volumetric detonating bombs to destroy mountain shelters, fortifications and protected targets.
The following statistics speaks of the busy schedule of the MIG-21 combat work: during their stay in Afghanistan, the total flight time of the 927th IAP fighters amounted to 12,000 hours with approximately 10,000 sorties. The average flight time for an aircraft was 400 hours, for a pilot it was from 250 to 400 hours. During the bombing strikes, about 16,000 air bombs of various types of caliber 250 and 500 kg, 1,800 S-24 rockets and 250,000 cartridges for GSh-23 guns were used up. Moreover, the 927th IAP is not the only one who flew the MiG-21. The intensity of the combat work of fighter pilots was one third higher than in fighter-bomber aviation and was even ahead of attack aircraft, yielding in intensity only to helicopter crews.
Separately, it is worth noting the work of the 263rd tactical reconnaissance squadron, which flew the MiG-21R. In the first year of the war alone, aircraft of this type carried out 2,700 sorties over the Afghan mountains in order to ascertain the results of air strikes on Mujahideen positions, control the state of roads and the tactical situation in the mountains. The scouts were equipped with hanging containers with a set of the most modern equipment at that time (aerial photography, TV cameras with live signal transmission to the ground command post in real time). In addition, the MiG-21R equipment included a microphone, where the pilot dictated his impressions in flight.
In addition to their direct duties, the scouts were not shy about "dirty work" - flying out on a mission, they took with them PTB and a couple of cluster bombs. Pilots of the MiG-21R were better than others in the mountains, often flew "free hunting" and, wasting no time, independently attacked the discovered caravans with weapons.
super fighter
The massacre in the mountains of Afghanistan is only part of the combat history of the MiG-21. Behind the veil of dust and blood-red sand, a no less heroic page emerges in the fate of this aircraft. Air battles!
As a rule, the most popular stories are about the participation of the MiG-21 in the Vietnam War. Hot battles with "Phantoms", "Stratofortress" and "Thunderchiefs" - alas, boring routine is hidden behind a beautiful legend. The MiG-21 could not be a serious opponent of the US Air Force, due to its small number in the ranks of the aviation of the DRV. The main threat in the air was the Vietnamese MiG-17s. And it's not a joke! The Yankees had something to fear - a small, extremely nimble airplane with powerful cannon weapons posed a real threat at subsonic speeds, in close air combat. However, the main losses of American aviation were not even silver MiGs, but ordinary Kalashnikovs and rusty partisan DShKs (75% of the aircraft were shot down from small arms).
MiGs fought all over the world - the Middle East, Africa, South Asia. Indian pilots on the MiG-21 famously dealt with the Pakistani and Jordanian "Starfighters" during the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971. The Middle East, on the contrary, did not become the arena of the triumph of the "twenty-first" - the Arab and Soviet pilots (Operation Rimon-20) lost most of the battles, becoming a victim of the best preparation of the enemy. Of particular interest are the air battles of the MiG-21 with fourth-generation fighters during the war in Lebanon (early 80s). Did the pilots of the Syrian MiGs have a chance against modern F-15s and F-16s?
"Red Eagles"
There is always a chance! This was convincingly proved by the pilots of the secret 4477th squadron of the US Air Force, who flew the planes of the "probable enemy". Thanks to the devotion of our former friends and allies, about two dozen MiG-21s of various modifications came to the States. Including four brand new Chinese J-7s (a copy of the MiG-21) straight from the manufacturer. The Yankees put all the captured machines "on the wing" and conducted hundreds of training air battles with all types of combat aircraft of the Air Force and aviation of the Navy. The conclusions were predictable: in no case should we engage in close air combat. Hit the MiG from afar with missiles or immediately run away.
All pilots of the 4477th who flew the MiG-21 noted the high angular rate of roll and excellent horizontal maneuverability, in which no fighter could compare with the MiG, until the advent of the F-16. As for the "Phantoms" - the tactics turned out to be simple: put the MiG into climb and lay down with max. overload right turn. In a couple of seconds, the F-4 will be under fire from the MiG guns.
MiG over the Nevada desert
But the results of the fights between the MiG-21 and the invincible Orel were especially surprising. Despite the colossal lag in avionics and missile weapons, the 4477 pilots often scored victories over unsuspecting F-15 pilots.
“We knew the tactics of the F-15s. We knew that they were locking at a distance of 15 miles. Usually we went in very tight formation and at the moment when the F-15s were supposed to lock on the target, we abruptly performed a diverging maneuver in different directions, disrupting the lock "
“I turn on the afterburner, release the flaps and put the plane “on the tail.” The speed drops to 170 km / h. Then I lower my nose and go into the sun. preparation. They never believed in the possibility of its implementation. In vain they did not believe. "
- stories of veterans of the 4477th squadron about the battles "pair on pair" with the F-15
Of course, simple Syrian pilots could hardly do this. In the cockpits of the MIGs sat top-class pilots who had flown thousands of hours on Soviet and American combat aircraft. They knew all the subtleties and weaknesses of their opponents - and they hit without a miss.
As you know, the best praise is praise from your opponent:
"The MiG-21 is a super plane. It looks great and flies great."
- the unconditional opinion of the pilots of the 4477th squadron
The article contains quotes from the book "The Hot Sky of Afghanistan" by V. Markovsky and excerpts from the story about the "red eagles" by M. Nikolsky
The multirole fighter designed by AI Mikoyan is one of the best aircraft in its class. The first flight on this fighter was made on May 28, 1958 (test pilot - Hero of the Soviet Union V. A. Nefedov). In the same year, mass production of the second generation fighter began. For more than four decades, from the day the combat aircraft was commissioned to the present day, it has been in service not only in the country of its creation, but also in many other countries. The MiG-21 was produced under license at factories in Czechoslovakia (in 1962-1966), in India (in 1966-1969), and in China (since 1964). The aircraft produced in China had the designation "Xian" F7. The fighting in Korea (1950-1953) showed the great capabilities of Soviet MiGs in air battles with a strong air enemy who fought on modern American-made aircraft.
The analysis carried out showed that the Soviet MiG-15 fighter, along with the advantages, had disadvantages compared to the Saber aircraft. Already in 1954, work began on the development of a new modern advanced fighter, the design of which would make it possible to modernize the combat vehicle during operation.
The experience accumulated over the years by A. I. Mikoyan’s Design Bureau helped his team to successfully and timely solve one of the most important tasks of the state level.
The prototype of the MiG-21 aircraft was prototypes of aircraft with swept and delta wing of its own design bureau: E-2, E-4/1, E-4/2, E-5, E-6, E-50/1, E-50 /3, E-7.
The history of the creation of the MiG-21 aircraft
This unit can truly be called the most famous and outstanding fighter, which belongs to the second and later to the third generation. This machine was most actively used in the 60-70s of the last century.
This aircraft is made of aluminum and its alloys, and almost all connections were made using rivets. The fuselage of the apparatus had a normal structure. It had low wings, which had an arrow-shaped shape. The entire body is presented as a semi-monocoque, which is equipped with four spars.
During the design, the designers created two vehicles with the designation MiG-21, which had significant differences from each other. The first, as mentioned earlier, had swept wings and was also designated as E-2, and the second machine had triangular wings and was designated E-4. Oddly enough, such differences were due to the fact that at that time the designers could not accurately calculate with which wing the aircraft could reach maximum speeds, and they decided to test this in practice.
The new fighter was very similar to its predecessor, namely the MiG-19. The main difference was that the new aircraft was equipped with one engine, the wing profile became thinner. The new air intake was adjustable, which made it possible to optimize engine performance. All this served to ensure that the aircraft could reach a maximum speed of 1700 km / h. It should be noted that these speed characteristics at that time were already insufficient. Also, the designers saw a drawback in the control of this machine, because when maneuvering at high speeds, it lifted its nose and went into a tailspin. This problem was solved by installing aerodynamic ridges on the wings.
The designers also resorted to replacing the engine with a more powerful one, which made it possible to achieve high flight speeds on the E-2 aircraft, and the maximum speed was 1900 km / h. The device with the designation E-4 also had a number of shortcomings that the designers had to correct. Despite everything, the main task was to increase the flight speed, even the management supported this position. It was in the 60-70s that there was a very active arms race between the Union and the United States. In order to show all their power, these countries actively participated in military conflicts in different parts of the globe.
It should be noted that this project has been developing for a very long time, since the modernization of the MiG-21 aircraft was carried out back in 1989. With these improvements, more modern equipment was installed on the aircraft, which could significantly improve the combat qualities of the device. After these improvements, this machine could not be inferior in quality to foreign counterparts.
An aircraft of the MiG-21 type can rightfully be called the most mass-produced machine, which was mass-produced for 28 years up to 86 years. She was in service in many countries of the world.
Modifications of the MiG-21 fighter
For all the long time of manufacturing this machine, designers have carried out improvements and improvements. Due to this, three generations of this device are distinguished.
The first generation is an aircraft, which was designated as the MiG-21F. This front-line fighter has been manufactured since 1959. He had a fairly powerful armament, which was represented by two 30-mm cannons of the HP-30 type, which were located on the wing pylons. The aircraft had unguided missiles of the S-5 type, there were 32 of them. The power plant was represented by an R-11F type engine, which produced 5740 kgf in afterburner.
This aircraft was manufactured for only a year, and 83 units were built. This generation also includes a modification of the MiG-21F-13, which was produced until 65. It was distinguished by a more powerful engine and the fact that guided missiles were included in the armament complex.
The second generation was represented by the MiG-21P fighter. It was created as an all-weather interceptor. It was equipped with better location equipment and a guidance system of the Lazur type. The power plant was exactly the same as on the previous model. The armament was different, which was represented by two guided missiles of the K-13 class.
Another machine of this generation is a modification of the MiG-21PFS, or, as it was designated, product 94. Its feature was a new system that deflated the boundary layer from the flaps. This system made it possible to carry out sorties from unpaved airfields. Especially for this system, the designers improved the engine, namely, they worked out the system for extracting air flow from the compressor. All this reduced the takeoff run to 480 meters.
This generation includes export vehicles and a reconnaissance aircraft, which carried containers with reconnaissance equipment on pylons.
The third generation includes MiG-21 machines, which began to be manufactured from the year 65. Machines of the MiG-21S type had a qualitatively new system of on-board equipment under the designation "Sapphire-21". It had the ability to detect enemy targets at a distance of 30 kilometers.
The armament was also improved and represented by missiles of the R-3R class, which were equipped with a radar head, which made it possible to hom the projectile. The aircraft also had large-caliber guns, as on previous models. Also, the armament included unguided rockets, which were mounted on fender liner. Additional fuel tanks could also be installed here. The planes of this generation had a more advanced autopilot of the AP-155 class, which could keep the car level and horizontal in relation to the axles. Devices of this class were manufactured up to 68 years.
In addition to the above-mentioned devices of different generations, Mikoyan's design bureau produced many MiG-21 aircraft for more special tasks. Both training machines and experimental ones were produced. All this served to ensure that this fighter model is a high-quality combat vehicle that is in demand all over the world.
MiG-21 photo
The MiG-21 fighter was produced in the following versions:
MiG-21 F (product 72);
MiG-21 F-14 (74);
MiG-21 U, (66 - 400), trainer;
MiG-21 U, (66 - 600), trainer;
MiG-21PF (76);
MiG-21 PFM (77), MiG-21 FL;
MiG-21 PFM (94);
MiG-21 US (68), trainer;
MiG-21S (95);
MiG-21M (96);
MiG-21SM (MiG-21MF, 96);
MiG-21 R (94R);
MiG-21 UM (69) - trainer;
MiG-21 SMT;
MiG-21 bis.
Power plant: one TL turbojet engine with a thrust of 8600 kg (with afterburner).
Technical characteristics of the MiG-21:
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MiG-21 PFM |
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The MiG-21 fighter (NATO code - "Fishbed") is designed to combat enemy high-altitude supersonic bombers and tactical fighters. The design of a light front-line fighter-interceptor began at the OKB. A.I. Mikoyan since 1953. Having worked out an aerodynamic configuration with a delta wing on a number of experimental aircraft (E-4, E-5, E-6), in 1959 a new fighter was launched into the series, called the MiG-21F. The first production aircraft were produced in 1959. During the production process, the aircraft was repeatedly modified. In total, more than 30 modifications were created, supplied to 49 countries. At present, the Russian Air Force has been withdrawn from service, but aircraft of the latest modifications form the basis of fighter aviation in a number of countries.
A large number of modifications have been created on the basis of the MiG-21 aircraft:
E-6- aircraft prototype.
MiG-21 F- serial day front-line fighter with cannon armament. The aircraft is equipped with a R-11F-300 turbofan engine. Armament consisted of two NR-30 30 mm cannons, NAR 57 mm caliber in two UB-16-57U underwing units. To combat ground targets, two NAR ARS-240 caliber 240 mm or two bombs caliber 50-500 kg were used.
MiG-21 F-13- day fighter. Equipped with the following equipment: SRD-5M Kvant radio range finder, ASP-5ND collimator sight, ARK-10 automatic radio compass, R-802V (RSIU-5V) radio station, Sirena-2 radar radiation alarm system, rescue equipment system with protective flashlight "SK" (makes it possible to safely leave the aircraft at minimum altitudes and speeds up to 1100 km/h). Instead of a landing light, an AFA-39 reconnaissance camera can be mounted. Armed with one NR-30 cannon (30 rounds). two blocks UB-16-57U or UB-32-57U with NAR S-5 (57 mm) or two NAR S-24, two bombs of 50-500 kg caliber. It can be equipped with two UR R-ZS sTGS (launch range 1-7 km). It was in service with the USSR Air Force, and was also supplied to the Warsaw Pact countries, Cuba, Egypt, India, Syria and Finland. Serially built in China under the designation J-7.
MiG-21 U- training aircraft. Designed for initial training of flight personnel for the use of combat vehicles of the MiG-21 series. It is a two-seat version of the MiG-21 F-13 fighter. The first flight of the aircraft took place on October 17, 1960. The MiG-21 is equipped with the R-11F-300 engine with a capacity of 56.3 kN / 5740 kgf. The aircraft is armed with an A-12.7 heavy machine gun.
MiG-21P- pre-production all-weather fighter. TsD-ZOT radio sight installed. command guidance equipment "Lazur" and autopilot KAP-1. Had a chassis with oversized wheels.
MiG-21PF- serial all-weather fighter. The R-11F2-300 turbofan engine, the RP-21 "Sapphire" radio sight, and the PKI-1 collimator sight were installed. There is no cannon armament.
MiG-21 UTI- training fighter.
MiG-21 FL- modification of the MiG-21PF with an increased capacity of fuel tanks, pre-production.
MiG-21 PFM- front-line multipurpose fighter for operation from unpaved airfields. Development of the MiG-21 FL, serial. Equipped with more powerful avionics and weapons, as well as a boundary layer blowing system (SPS) from the flap. A keel with an enlarged area, a modernized RP-21M radio sight, a PKI optical sight, and a Khrom-Nickel radar identification system were installed. He carried weapons: a double-barreled gun GSh-23 in a container GP-9 on the ventral hardpoint; four UR K-13 or R-ZS with TGS, RS-2US (K-5), as well as UR X-66 (air-to-ground class) could be mounted on the underwing assembly.
MiG-21 R- tactical reconnaissance. Equipped with interchangeable containers located on the ventral hardpoint with AFA, television and other means of conducting aerial reconnaissance. Weapons were installed: two UR K-13, blocks NAR UB-16 and UB-32, NAR S-24.
MiG-21S- front-line all-weather fighter. Equipped with RP-22S radio sight, ASP-PF collimator sight, Lazur-M noise-proof communication line. providing interaction with the ground automated control system "Air-1", and the autopilot AP-155. He carried weapons: a double-barreled gun GSh-23 in a container GP-9 on the ventral hardpoint (later built-in - GSh-23L); four UR K-13 or R-ZS with TGS, RS-2US (K-5), as well as UR X-66 (air-to-ground class) could be suspended on underwing nodes,
MiG-21PD- an experimental aircraft for practicing short takeoff and landing with a combined power plant (r-11f2-300 marching turbofan engine and two rd-36-35 lifting turbojet engines) and non-retractable landing gear.
MiG-21 US- training front-line fighter. Equipped with R-11F2S-300 turbojet engine. autopilot KAP-2 (1966). Armed with UR R-3 with TGS, NAR caliber 57 and 240 mm, free-falling practical and combat bombs of various types on two underwing external suspension units.
MiG-21 "Analogue"- experimental aircraft for testing the ogival wing.
MiG-21SM- front-line all-weather fighter. Designed to destroy air targets day and night in simple and difficult weather conditions. The aircraft can engage ground targets in visual visibility conditions with unguided aircraft missiles of 57 and 240 mm caliber, aircraft bombers weighing up to 500 kg, as well as cannon armament. The MiG-21SM was developed in 1968 with significantly expanded combat capabilities. Its main differences from previous modifications: in the lower part of the fuselage on the carriage there is a built-in twin gun GSh-23L with 200 rounds of ammunition; 2 additional pylons are installed under the wing, on which it is possible to suspend up to four guided missiles RS-2US, R-ZS, R-ZS, R-ZR, R-55, R-60, R-60M, as well as NAR caliber 57 and 240 mm and free-falling bombs of various types weighing up to 500 kg (maximum combat load weight up to 1300 kg); the R-11F2S-300 engine was replaced by the R-13-300 with a thrust of 6490 kgf in afterburner. The fighter is equipped with a S-21 Sapphire-21 radio sight and an ASP-PFD optical sight.
MiG-21M- export version of the front-line all-weather fighter MiG-21SM. It is equipped with a less advanced R-11F2S-300 engine, an RP-21MA radio sight and an ASP-PFD optical sight. Equipped with a built-in gun caliber 23 mm. Four UR RS-2US (1970) could be suspended on external hardpoints.
MiG-21MF- an improved version of the MiG-21SM. The R-13-300 engine was installed. Could carry up to six R-60 melee missiles.
MiG-21MT- front-line all-weather fighter. The capacity of the overhead tank has been significantly increased, due to which the total volume of fuel in the internal tanks has increased to 3250 liters.
MiG-21 SMT- front-line all-weather fighter with increased to 2950 l capacity of internal fuel tanks.
MiG-21 UM- a training front-line fighter with a modernized avionics, R-11F2S-300 engine. KM-1M ejection seats installed. Armed with UR R-3 with TGS, NAR caliber 57 and 240 mm, free-fall practical and combat bombs of various types on two underwing external suspension units. It is possible to install two starting solid propellant boosters SPRD-99 23.6 kN/2300 kgf.
MiG-21 bis- front-line all-weather fighter. Designed to destroy air targets day and night, in simple and difficult weather conditions, as well as to strike ground targets with unguided weapons in visual visibility conditions. The MiG-21 bis has become one of the latest serial modifications of the MiG-21 family.
The fighter was created in 1971, serially built in 1972-1974. (produced 2030 aircraft), was supplied to the USSR Air Force and to foreign countries (there was an export version of the aircraft). Compared to the MiG-21 fighters of previous modifications, the MiG-21bis has a modernized wing, integrated fuel tanks, a new engine, improved onboard equipment, and a significantly increased range of onboard weapons. In terms of its radar visibility, the aircraft is comparable to the F-16 fighter.
The MiG-21 bis is equipped with a R-25-300 turbojet engine with a thrust of 69.6 kN / 7100 kgf (in the emergency afterburner mode 97.1 kN / 9900 kgf). It is also possible to install starting solid-propellant boosters SPRD-99. The increase in engine thrust made it possible to improve the rate of climb and the angular speed of the aircraft turns.
The onboard equipment of the MiG-21bis practically does not differ from the onboard equipment of the MiG-21SM and includes; radio sight S-21; optical sight ASP-PFD; PNK "Polyot-OI", which includes the automatic control system SVU-23ESN, the short-range navigation and landing system RSBSN-5S and the antenna-feeder system ("Pion-N"); interference-proof communication line "Lazur", which provides interaction with the ground-based automated control system "Air-1"; ejection seat KM-1 or KM-IM, air pressure receiver PVD-18.
The armament set includes: built-in gun GSh-23L (23 mm caliber, 200 rounds of ammunition); up to four UR K-1ZM, RS-2US, R-ZS, R-ZR, R-60, R-60M, as well as NAR caliber 57 and 240 mm and free-fall bombs of various types weighing up to 500 kg (maximum combat load weight up to 1300 kg). It is possible to suspend containers with guns, AFA, electronic intelligence equipment. Together with the installation of a new R-60 type missile instead of the R-ZS, the improvement in maneuverability turned the MiG-21 bis into an aircraft capable of seriously competing with the new generation F-16 type aircraft in rate of climb, speeds and turning radii, which is crucial in close air battles.
It is in service with the Air Force of the CIS countries and many other states. Serial production has been discontinued. It was used by Syrian aviation in combat operations in Lebanon (1979-1983).
MiG-21I (MiG-21-93) - designed to destroy air targets day and night, in simple and difficult weather conditions, as well as to destroy ground targets with unguided and guided weapons in any conditions.
Work on a new modification of the aircraft began in 1989. Without changing the design of the airframe and power plant, only by equipping it with modern electronic equipment, it was possible to achieve a multiple increase in combat effectiveness compared to the latest modification of the MiG-21 bis.
The aircraft is based on the MiG-21MF or MiG-21bis with R-25-300 engines. It is possible to install starting solid fuel boosters SPRD-99.
The cockpit of the fighter is made taking into account modern achievements in ergonomics. Canopy with one-piece canopy, which significantly improves visibility in the front hemisphere.
The aircraft is equipped with a multifunctional onboard small-sized pulse-Doppler radar "Spear". which allows you to detect and covertly track air targets in automatic mode, including those flying at low altitude above the ground or water surface (the detection range of a typical air target on a head-on course is up to 57 km, “in pursuit” - up to 25-30 km. bridge - 100 km sea target type boat - 30 km). In addition, it allows you to simultaneously track up to eight targets in review mode and highlight the two most dangerous; provide target designation attack and target destruction by missiles with radar and thermal homing heads (provides simultaneous launch of two missiles at two different targets), as well as a cannon; perform high-speed vertical search and automatic capture of visually visible targets in close air combat using advanced missiles with improved maneuverability; to form an equal-scale map with high resolution, zooming in and "freezing" the image.
The equipment includes: an onboard computer, a helmet-mounted target designation system, an information display system, a new weapon control system, inertial heading equipment, a digital air signal system, RSBN. new cabin equipment, power supply, control and registration system.
Equipping the MiG-21-93 aircraft with modern on-board equipment and weapons increases its combat effectiveness to the level of fourth-generation fighters of the Mirage 2000 and F-16 types.
The armament of the aircraft includes: two R-27 medium-range air-to-air missiles or four R-77s, four R-73E melee missiles or six R-60Ms, two Kh-25MP missile launchers or one Kh-31A, or Kh- 35, two corrected laser-guided bombs KAB-500KR, NAR S-5, S-8, S-13 and S-24, free-fall bombs weighing 100-500 kg and an integrated gun GSh-23L (caliber 23 mm, ammunition 200 rounds ). It is possible to suspend containers with guns, AFA, electronic intelligence equipment. To protect against air-to-air missiles and Stinger-type portable air defense missiles with IR seeker, 120 BVP-21 jammers (IR traps) were installed along the wing at its junction with the fuselage.
The basic aircraft is a cantilever monoplane with a triangular mid-wing of low elongation and swept tail. Wing sweep along the leading edge - 57 °, tail - 60 °. For improved directional stability, a ventral keel is installed on the aircraft. Under the rudder is a drag chute container. The first models used a cockpit canopy that opened forward and upward, and also separated during ejection along with the seat, protecting the pilot from the effects of the oncoming flow. The ejection system ensures the escape of the aircraft at speeds up to 1100 km/h.
The use of a perfect aerodynamic scheme, a frontal air intake in combination with high thrust-to-weight ratio and strength, as well as the elimination of engine shutdown during missile launches and firing from a cannon, the presence of a vibration damping system provided the aircraft with high stability and controllability characteristics, including at low speeds and when flying from gliding, and created a reputation as the world's best light fighter.
The aircraft is equipped with an R-11F-Z00 engine with a thrust of 3880 kgf. The fuel system consists of n fuselage rubber tanks and four wing caissons with a total capacity of 2470 liters. The aircraft used tricycle landing gear. The brakes are pneumatic. The hydraulic system is formed by two independent circuits. The air intake is frontal, with automatic smooth adjustment.
MiG-21 aircraft of the first modifications were day fighters designed for use in good weather conditions (there was no radio sight). The equipment includes a radio rangefinder SRD-5 (MiG-21F) or SRD-5M "Kvant" (MiG-21F-13). ASP-SND or ASP-5ND (MiG-21F-13) collimator sight, ARK-10 automatic radio compass, R-802V (RSIU-5V) radio station, Sirena-2 radar exposure alarm system. Instead of a landing light, the AFA-39 reconnaissance camera can be mounted on the MiG-21 F-13.
The armament of the aircraft includes 2 NR-30 cannons (30 mm caliber, 60 rounds of ammunition, MiG-21, MiG-21F) or one NR-30 cannon (30 rounds of ammunition, MiG-21 F-13), two UB-16- 57U or UB-32-57U with NAR S-5 (caliber 57 mm) or two NAR S-24, two bombs weighing 50-500 kg. The MiG-21 F-13 is equipped with two R-ZS missile launchers with TGS (launch range is 1-7 km).
The MiG-21 is one of the most massive aircraft in the world. It was mass-produced for 28 years (from 1959 to 1986), 10154 cars were built, and delivered to dozens of countries. A small number of aircraft are in service with the US Air Force (Aggressor squadron). Under the Soviet license, these aircraft are being built in India and China (the Chinese version of the MiG-21 F-13 is called J-7).
MiG-21 aircraft of early modifications were widely used in regional conflicts, in particular in the Arab-Israeli war (1967), the Indo-Pakistani conflict (1971) and the Vietnam War, and were also used during combat operations in Afghanistan, Angola and in the Persian Gulf region.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS MiG-21F
Crew, pers. one
Speed, km/h;
maximum 2175
maximum at a height near the ground 1100
Practical ceiling, m 19000
Practical range, km 1520
Weight, kg:
normal takeoff 6850
empty plane 4980
Aircraft dimensions, m
wingspan 7.154
length 13.46
height 4.806
Engine, kgf: TRDF R-11F-300 3880/5740
MiG-21 - FISHBED. Chronology and export.
The article contains information on the chronology of the MiG-21 in production and in the USSR Air Force, as well as data on the export of MiG-21 aircraft.
In total, in the USSR for all the years of the MiG-21 of various modifications produced:
- plant "Banner of Labor" (Moscow) - 3203 copies.
- Gorky aircraft plant "Sokol" - 5278 copies.
- Tbilisi Aircraft Plant - 1677 copies.
TOTAL: 10158 copies. (in USSR).
Status: USSR / Russia:
- 1958-1986 - years of serial production of the MiG-21 in various versions and designs;
| Plant No. 30 "Banner of Labor" (Moscow) | Aircraft plant No. 21 (Gorky) | Aircraft factory No. 31 (Tbilisi) | |
| 1958 | 7 MiG-21F | ||
| 1959 | 30 MiG-21F | 10 MiG-21F | |
| 1960 | 132 MiG-21F-13 | 69 MiG-21F | |
| 1961 | 272 MiG-21F-13 | MiG-21F-13 | |
| 1962 | 202 MiG-21F-13 | MiG-21F-13 | |
| 1963 | MiG-21F-13 (export) | ||
| 1964 | MiG-21F-13 (export) | ||
| 1965 | MiG-21F-13 (export) |
1958 - the first 7 copies of the MiG-21F were built at the Tbilisi Aviation Plant;
1959-1960 - Serial production of the MiG-21F is carried out at the Gorky Aircraft Plant (69 copies built in 1960), in Tbilisi (10 copies) and at the Znamya Truda Moscow plant (30 copies in 1959);
1960-1962 - at the Gorky aircraft plant, the MiG-21F-13 is being produced, produced by year:
1960 - 132 copies.
1961 - 272 copies.
1962 - 202 copies.
1960-1965 - the MiG-21F-13 is produced at the Moscow Znamya Truda plant;
1976 - the Air Force has all serial modifications of the MiG-21, the total number in service is approx. 2000 copies;
1979 - a total of 3600 copies in service;
1980-1981 - The MiG-21 is being withdrawn from service, in total in the Air Force approx. 1,300 MiG-21 fighters and over 300 reconnaissance aircraft; in Afghanistan, together with the 40th army, 48 copies were introduced. MiG-21SM/SMT/bis and one squadron of MiG-21R;
1983 - in total in the Air Force 1200 copies;
October 1990 - the following modifications of the MiG-21 are in service - bis, M, MF, PF, PFM, R, RF, S, SM, SMT, UM, US;
1993 - almost completely withdrawn from service;
1994 - the Sokol plant in Nizhny Novgorod is assembling a batch of MiG-21I (new MiG-21bis);
Export:
Azerbaijan:
- 2012 - the last MiG-21s were decommissioned.
Albania:
- 1991-1993 - in service with 20 copies. F-7 (Chinese MiG-21);
Algeria:
- 1977 - delivered 6 copies. MiG-21MF;
- 1978 - delivered 25 copies. MiG-21MF;
- 1981 - in service with 25 copies. MiG-21MF;
- 1983 - only 70 copies are in service. MiG-21 (including MiG-21F);
- 1991 - approx. 90 copies MiG-21;
- 1993 - in service with 98 copies. MiG-21;
Angola:
- 1975 - delivered 32 copies. MiG-21F;
- 1983 - a total of 40 copies in service. (MiG-21F including);
- 1991 - for all the time 70 copies were delivered;
- 1993 - in service with 35 copies. MiG-21 and 6 copies. type MiG-21U;
Afghanistan:
- 1978 - delivered 20 copies. MiG-21MF;
- 1980 - is in service with the MiG-21MF and MiG-21bis;
- 1986 - is in service, incl. MiG-21F;
- 1990 - delivered 23 copies. MiG-21bis and 2 copies. MiG-21UM, as well as 8 copies. engines for MiG-21bis R-25-300; also repaired in the USSR 23 copies. MiG-21bis (April-June 1990), of the 9 additional MiG-21bis requested, not a single one was delivered;
- 1991 - more than 65 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 98 units;
Bangladesh:
- 1973 beginning of the year - delivered 12 MiG-21MF and 2 MiG-21UM.
- 1986 - is in service;
- 1991 - the amount of deliveries for the entire time 14 copies;
- 1993 - in service with 20 copies. MiG-21 and 17 copies. F-7;
- 1994 - the last MiG-21MF withdrawn from the combat strength of the Air Force.
Bulgaria:
- 1974 - MiG-21F and MiG-21U / UM are in service;
- 1981 - in service with 60 copies. MiG-21F / MF and 15 copies of MiG-21R;
- 1983 - in service with 80 copies. various modifications;
- 1991 - more than 80 copies were delivered for all the time;
- 1993 - in service with 106 copies. MiG-21 and 19 copies. MiG-21R;
Burkina Faso:
- 1984 - 8 MiG-21MF were delivered from the USSR (Ouagadougou airbase).
- 2000 - the last MiG-21 was decommissioned by the Air Force.
Hungary:
- 1981 - in service with 80 copies.
- 1993 - in service with 65 copies;
- 2000 - completely withdrawn from service. The MiG-21bis / MiG-21UM variants served the longest.
Vietnam:
- December 1965 - the first delivery of approx. 24 copies. (2 squadrons in the 921st IAP) MiG-21PF-V ("Vietnamese") and MiG-21PFM;
- 1966 - used in the air defense system of North Vietnam with K-13 missiles.
1967 from October 20 to 30 - during the bombing of the Fkuyen airfield, 4 MiG-21s were destroyed on the ground and another 1 aircraft was shot down on takeoff.
1986 - in service with 120 copies. (including MiG-21PF);
- 1991 - for all the time 235 copies were delivered;
- 1993 - in service with 125 copies. (including MiG-21bis);
Guinea - 1991 - for all the time 8 copies were delivered;
Guinea Bissau - was in service with the Air Force.
GDR (since 1990 - Germany):
| MiG-21F-13 | MiG-21PF | MiG-21U | MiG-21PFM | MiG-21US | MiG-21M | MiG-21UM | MiG-21MF | MiG-21bis | |
| May 1962 | first deliveries to JG-8 Regiment (Neuhardenberg). Following were delivered to the regiments JG-9 in Peenemünde and JG-3 in Neuss-Malksetal, a total of 75 MiG-21F-13s were delivered | ||||||||
| March 1964 | first deliveries to JG-8 Regiment (Neuhardenberg). A total of 53 MiG-21PFs were delivered. | ||||||||
| 1965 April - 1967 July | 45 MiG-21U trainers were delivered to the regiments armed with the MiG-21 and the FAG-15 training unit | ||||||||
| June 1968 | first deliveries, total delivered 134 copies. | ||||||||
| 1968 December - 1970 August | delivered 17 copies. | ||||||||
| 1969 July - 1970 December | 87 copies delivered. including at JG-8 (Neuhardenberg) | ||||||||
| 1971 June - 1978 March | delivered 37 copies. | ||||||||
| April 1972 | the first 14 copies were delivered to the regiment JG-3. total delivered 62 copies. | ||||||||
| 1973 | 12 copies from JG-8 transferred to the Syrian Air Force | ||||||||
| 1975 October - 1978 May | 46 copies delivered. | ||||||||
| 1978 | |||||||||
| 1983 | there is | ||||||||
| 1985 | completely decommissioned | ||||||||
| 1986 | - | starts to retire | |||||||
| 1988 | - | completely decommissioned | |||||||
| 1992 | - | - | there is | there is | there is | there is |
- 1983 - in service with up to 250 copies. (including still have MiG-21U and MiG-21PF);
- 1978 - in total, 456 MiG-21s of various modifications were delivered for the entire time. The last deliveries were in 1978 (MiG-21bis).
- 1990 - 50 copies. scrapped in the GDR and another 251 copies. from the Air Force of the former GDR is planned for scrapping;
- 1992 - 251 copies. MiG-21 (including MiG-21PFM / edition "94", MiG-21MF and MiG-21UM) are part of the command "Vostok" (the territory of the former GDR);
Democratic Republic of the Congo:
- 1997 - delivered from Serbia 4 MiG-21PMF.
Egypt:
- 1962 - the first deliveries of the MiG-21F;
- 1967 - a total of 50 copies in service. (according to other sources - 80 copies), MiG-21PF / PFL / PFM (ed. "94") with R-3S missiles - are in service;
- 1970 - a batch of MiG-21MF with Soviet pilots was delivered;
- 1974 - MiG-21MF, MiG-21M and MiG-21PF are in service;
- 1986 - in service with 272 copies. (including the MiG-21F), Sakr factories have repaired the R-11 engines, work is underway to install the Teledyne navigation system and identification system, the GEC Avionics windshield display system on the MiG-21 , Tractor ALE-40 passive jamming cassettes and AIM-9P "Sidewinder" missiles;
- 1990 - in service with 83 copies. MiG-21 of various modifications, 52 copies. F-7, 14 copies. MiG-21R/RF and 20 copies. MiG-21U;
- 1991 - a total of 80 copies were delivered for the entire time. F-7 from China and 475 copies. MiG-21 of various modifications from the USSR;
- 1993 - in service with 112 copies. MiG-21, 14 copies. MiG-21R/RF and 52 copies. F-7;
Zambia:
- 1980 - a contract was concluded for the supply of 16 copies. MiG-21F;
- 1986 - MiG-21F is already in service;
- 1991 - 18 copies were delivered for all the time. (MiG-21F/U);
Zimbabwe - 1991 - 24 copies delivered for all time. F-7 (from China);
Israel:
- 1966 - the MiG-21F-13 of the Iraqi defector was tested;
- 1993 - the IAI Bedek division and the Elbit concern proposed a program for the modernization of the Romanian MiG-21 fleet (an agreement was signed for work on 100 vehicles of the Romanian Air Force);
India:
- January 15, 1963 - the first batch of MiG-21F-13 was sent by sea from Odessa (6 copies, 28 squadron of the Indian Air Force, Bombay);
- December 21, 1963 - during a training flight, 2 MiG-21F-13s collided and crashed.
- 1964 autumn - 4 copies delivered. MiG-21F-13 and 2 copies. MiG-21PF;
- 1966-1974 - preparation and production under license of the MiG-21FL at the Nasik factories of the HAL corporation (a total of 200 copies under the contract). Until 1964, assembly was carried out from units supplied from the USSR, in 1969 independent production was launched (rate - 30 copies / year), the cost of one MiG-21FL in 1974 was 2 million US$;
- 1970-1979 - a new contract for the licensed production of the MiG-21M (started in 1973). The rate of production until 1975 was 10 copies per year. Including additional deliveries from the USSR, by 1979, 150 copies were produced. MiG-21M; Repair and assembly of engines for the MiG-21 was mastered at the Koraput plant;
- 1973 February 14 - the first flight of the MiG-21M assembled in India;
- 1974 - received by the Air Force from assembly lines 20 copies of the MiG-21M; a license was granted to assemble the MiG-21FMA (27 copies were supplied from the USSR and the total order is 50 copies);
- 1975 - there are 50 copies in service. MiG-21FMA and 36 copies. MiG-21M, as well as MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM;
- 1979 - in the Air Force 150 copies. MiG-21M;
- 1980-1987 - a license was granted for the production of the MiG-21bis (a total of 200 copies, 30-50 copies per year), in 1980 the Air Force already has 10 copies. MiG-21bis;
- 1981 - in service with 150 copies. MiG-21bis, approx. 300 copies. MiG-21 of other modifications, 40 copies. MiG-21 in UTI versions;
- 1986 - in total, more than 500 copies are in service. MiG-21;
- 1988 - in total, approx. 500 copies were produced under licenses (MiG-21FL / M / bis). A new export modification has been proposed with improved by 30-40% [characteristics, cost 3.8 million US$ (MiG-21I);
- 1991 - for all the time 675 copies were produced and delivered. MiG-21;
- 1993 April - in service with 294 copies. MiG-21, a preliminary agreement was signed on the joint modernization of the Indian MiG-21 fleet with the MiG Design Bureau;
- 1994 - the construction of the MiG-21-93 prototype is underway, it is planned to upgrade approx. 120 copies. MiG-21bis;
- 1996 - an agreement has already been signed on the modernization of the Indian MiG-21 fleet;
Indonesia - early 1960s - MiG-21F-13 were supplied;
Iraq:
- 1963 - the first deliveries of the MiG-21F-13;
- 1983 - a total of 90 copies in the Air Force;
- 1983-1984 - delivered 61 copies. MiG-21;
- 1986 - in service with 176 copies. MiG-21 (including MiG-21F);
- 1990-1991 (until January 16, 1991 - the beginning of Operation Desert Storm) - more than 230 copies were delivered for the entire time. MiG-21 and F-7 (80 pcs.), 40 copies are in the Air Force. F-7 (type MiG-21F-13, delivered in 1990), 12 copies. MiG-21U / UM, 75 copies. MiG-21PF / MF, 75 copies. MiG-21 of other modifications (total: 202 copies in the Air Force, of which 182 copies were delivered from the USSR);
- 1993 - MiG-21 and F-7 are in service;
Iran:
- 1991 - 18 copies were delivered from China. F-7;
- 1993 - in service with 12 copies. F-7;
Yemen Arab Republic - MiG-21s were in service.
Kazakhstan - 1997 - in service;
Cambodia:
- 1980 - MiG-21F is in service;
- 1991 - more than 20 copies were delivered for all the time. MiG-21;
- 1993 - in service with 17 copies;
China:
- 1966 - the first deliveries of the MiG-21F-13 and the provision of technical documentation for assembly;
- 1972-1973 - start of production of an analogue of the MiG-21F-13 - J-7 (F-7 / F-7-I - export version);
- 1974 - in service with 75 copies. J-7;
- ok.1978 - modification of F-7-II;
- 1986 - more than 400 copies were produced in total. J-7 different modifications:
J-7 (F-7) - analogue of the MiG-21F-13;
J-7-III - analogue of the MiG-21MF (available by 1983);
JJ-7 (FT-7) - analogue of the MiG-21U / US (available by 1985);
F-7M AIRGUARD - purely export modification with Western electronic equipment (electronic equipment);
F-7P SKYBOLT - export modification with Western REO;
- 1993 - in service with approx. 500 copies J-7;
- 1996-1997 - is in service, at the Airshow China-96 air show a new light fighter FC-7 with an RD-33 engine was shown, it is expected that by 2000 this aircraft will become the main fighter of the Chinese Air Force;
North Korea:
- 1974 - from 130 copies. 24 copies were delivered under the contract. MiG-21;
- 1975 - a total of 24 copies in service;
- 1978 - assembly under license of the MiG-21MF was started;
- 1983 - a total of 120 copies are in service. MiG-21;
- 1986 - in total, approx. 200 copies are in service. (including MiG-21F);
- 1991 - 220 copies were delivered for the whole time. MiG-21;
- 1993 - in service with 130 copies. MiG-21 and 40 copies. F-7;
Congo (Republic of the Congo):
- 1986 - delivered from the USSR 14 MiG-21bis and 2 MiG-21UM.
- 1991 - for all the time 14 copies were delivered;
- 1993 - in service with 12 copies. MiG-21;
- 1997 - in the Air Force 5 MiG-21bis and 1 MiG-21UM. Later withdrawn from service.
Cuba:
- 1973 - in service with 80 copies. (including MiG-21PFM (ed. "94") and MiG-21MF);
- 1974 - delivered 30 copies. MiG-21;
- 1981 - in service with 50 copies. MiG-21F, 30 copies. MiG-21MF, as well as MiG-21R and other modifications;
- 1983 - in service with up to 200 copies. (including MiG-21PF);
- 1991 - more than 170 copies were delivered for all the time;
- 1993 - in service with 80 copies. MiG-21 and 8 copies. MiG-21U;
Laos:
- 1986 - in service with 44 copies. (including MiG-21F);
- 1991 - a total of 44 copies delivered for the entire time;
- 1993 - in service with 31 copies. MiG-21;
Libya:
- 1983 - in service with 94 copies;
- 1986 - in service with 55 copies;
- 1991 - 104 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 50 copies. MiG-21;
Madagascar:
- 1979 - MiG-21MF is in service (?);
- 1980 - 8 copies delivered. MiG-21F from 15 copies. by contract;
- 1991 - for all the time 15 copies were delivered;
Mali - 1991 - for all the time 12 copies were delivered;
Mozambique:
- 1978 - in service with 30 copies. MiG-21MF;
- 1993 - in service with 43 copies. MiG-21;
Mongolia:
- 1977 start - delivery of the first 8 MiG-21PF and 4 MiG-21UM;
- 1977-1984 - a total of 44 MiG-21s of various modifications were delivered.
- 1986 - in service with more than 10 copies. (including MiG-21F);
- 1991 - 12 copies were delivered for all the time;
- 1993 - in service with 15 copies. MiG-21 and 3 copies. MiG-21U;
- 2011 - 10 MiG-21s are in the Air Force.
Myanmar (ex. Burma) - 1993 - in service with 10 copies. F-7 and 2 copies. FT-7;
Nigeria:
- 1975-1976 - delivered 25 MiG-21MF and 6 MiG-21UM;
- 1986 - MiG-21MF is in service;
- 1990 - in service with at least 12 copies. MiG-21MF and 2 copies. MiG-21UM;
- 1991 - for all the time 31 copies were delivered;
- 1993 - in service with 22 copies. MiG-21 of various modifications; the operation of the aircraft was discontinued in the early 1990s due to the termination of Soviet technical assistance.
Nicaragua:
- 1988 - until 1995 it was planned to supply 12 copies;
- 1993 - not in service;
Pakistan:
- 1990 - in service with 40 copies. F-7 and 36 copies. FT-7 (combined with FT-5);
- 1991 - 95 copies were delivered for all the time. F-7 and its modifications (including F-7P SKYBOLT);
- 1993 - in service with 75 copies. F-7;
Peru:
- 1977 - re-export from Cuba 12 copies;
- 1993 - not in service;
Poland:
- 1961 - the first deliveries of the MiG-21F-13;
- 1963 - completed the delivery of 25 MiG-21F-13;
- 1964-1965 - deliveries of the MiG-21PF - 84 units, decommissioned in 1989;
- 1965-1966 - deliveries of the MiG-21U - 11 units, decommissioned in 1990;
- 1966-1968 - deliveries of the MiG-21PFM - 132 units, decommissioned in 1989;
- 1968-1972 - deliveries of reconnaissance MiG-21R - 36 units, decommissioned in 1997;
- 1969-1970 - deliveries of training MiG-21US - 12 units, withdrawn from service in 2003 and MiG-21M - 36 units, withdrawn from service in 2002;
- 1971-1981 - deliveries of the MiG-21UM - 54 units, decommissioned in 2003;
- 1972-1975 - deliveries of MiG-21MF - 120 units, decommissioned in 2003;
- 1973 - MiG-21F-13 decommissioned;
- 1979 - the start of deliveries of the MiG-21bis - a total of 72 fighters were delivered, decommissioned in 1999. In total, Poland received 582 MiG-21s in six combat modifications, three training and one reconnaissance.
- 1981 - in service with 315 copies. (modifications MF, R, RF, U, F, bis);
- 1983 - in service with 390 copies;
- 1989 - decommissioned MiG-21PF and MiG-21PFM;
- 1990 - withdrawn from service with the MiG-21U;
- 1991 - approx. 400 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 221 copies. MiG-21 and 24 copies. MiG-21R;
- 1997 - withdrawn from service with the MiG-21R;
- 1999 - removed from service with the MiG-21bis;
- 2002 - withdrawn from service with the MiG-21M;
- 2003 - the MiG-21US and MiG-21UM, as well as the MiG-21MF, were decommissioned;
Romania:
- 1981 - in service with 80 copies. (MiG-21F including);
- 1991 - more than 175 copies were delivered from the USSR;
- 1993 - in service with 218 copies. MiG-21 and 10 copies. MiG-21R. Israel proposed a program for the modernization of the MiG-21 fleet of Romania (an agreement was signed for work on 100 MiG-21-2000 aircraft of the Romanian Air Force in the amount of 330 million US$);
North Yemen:
- 1986 - in service with 25 copies. (MiG-21F including ?);
- 1991 - the amount of deliveries for the whole time 12 copies. (?);
Serbia:
- 1997 - delivered to the Democratic Republic of the Congo 4 MiG-21PMF.
Syria:
- 1967 - the first deliveries of 26 copies;
- 1973 - in service with 180 copies. MiG-21 of various modifications (including MiG-21F-13 and MiG-21MF);
- May 1974 - 54 copies delivered;
- 1975 - 11 copies delivered;
- 1981 - in service with 250 copies. (including modifications of bis, MF, PF and SMT);
- 1982 June 10 - 10 copies were lost in the war with Israel. MiG-21bis;
- 1986 - 330 copies were delivered for all the time. (including modifications M and F);
- 1991 - 435 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 172 copies;
Slovakia - was in service with the Air Force.
Somalia:
- July 1974 - 7 copies delivered;
- 1986 - MiG-21F is in service;
- 1990 - in service with 8 copies;
- 1991 - 10 copies were delivered for all the time;
Sudan:
- 1974 - delivered 4 copies. MiG-21;
- 1986 - MiG-21F is in service;
- 1990-1993 - armed with 8 copies. MiG-21 and 4 copies. MiG-21U;
- 1991 - for all the time 18 copies were delivered;
USA - 1988 - except for private ones, in Air Force units - 8 copies;
Tanzania:
- 1974 - delivered 16 copies. F-7;
- 1991 - 16 copies were delivered for all the time. F-7;
Uganda:
- 1975 - 8 copies delivered;
- 1976 - delivered 12 copies. (?);
- 1991 - for all the time 19 copies were delivered;
Ukraine - 1992 - in service;
Finland:
- 1974 - MiG-21F-13 and MiG-21MF are in service, the first delivery of 12 copies. MiG-21bis;
- 1979 - delivered 2 copies. MiG-21bis;
- 1980 - delivered 18 copies. MiG-21bis, MiG-21F-13 in the Air Force - 19 copies;
- 1986 - MiG-21bis in service - 35 copies;
- 1991 - 54 copies were delivered for all the time. (only MiG-21F-13, MiG-21MF, MiG-21UM and MiG-21bis);
- 1993 - in service with 20 copies;
- 1998 - the last MiG-21bis was decommissioned.
Croatia - 1993 - is in service with the Air Force;
Czech Republic - was in service with the Air Force.
Czechoslovakia:
- mid-1960s - the MiG-21F-13 was assembled at the Aero Vodochody plant. A total of 194 specimens were collected.
- 1981-1983 - in service with 220 copies. MiG-21 (including MiG-21MF, MiG-21F and MiG-21U) and 80 copies. MiG-21R;
- 1986 - MiG-21R in the Air Force - 40 copies;
- 1991 - 350 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1997 - plans are being discussed to replace 24 MiG-21s of the Czech Air Force with Western-made aircraft;
Ethiopia:
- 1983 - in service with 140 copies. (MiG-21F, MiG-21MF in total with MiG-23);
- 1991 - 95 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 40 copies. MiG-21;
- 1997 - is in service;
Yugoslavia:
| Year | MiG-21F-13 | MiG-21U | MiG-21PMF | MiG-21US | MiG-21R | MiG-21M | MiG-21MF | MiG-21bis | MiG-21UM |
| 1962 | December 25 - the first ones were transferred, the name is L-12. Only 45 copies. | ||||||||
| 1965 | only 9 copies, name - NL-12 | ||||||||
| 1968 | only 36 copies, title - L-13 | ||||||||
| 1969 | only 9 copies, name NL-14 | ||||||||
| 1970 | only 12 copies, name L-14I | only 25 copies, title L-15 | |||||||
| 1975 | only 6 copies | ||||||||
| 1977 | start of deliveries | start of deliveries | |||||||
| 1980 | withdrawn from service |
- 1983 - according to unverified data, up to 200 copies are in service. (including MiG-21F, MiG-21bis and MiG-21U);
- 1991 - 100 fighters and 35 MiG-21 trainers were delivered for the entire time. After the collapse of Yugoslavia, all MiG-21s, with the exception of a few hijacked ones, went to Serbia.
South Yemen:
- 1974 - delivered 12 copies. MiG-21F;
- 1980 - delivered 20 copies. MiG-21MF of 40 copies. by contract;
- 1986 - in service with 48 copies;
- 1991 - more than 50 copies were delivered for the whole time;
- 1993 - in service with 50 copies. MiG-21.
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