The largest countries in Latin America by area. Latin American countries and their capitals, list. Hispanic world between two oceans The most economically developed countries in Latin America

The article contains information about the region. A list of Latin American countries is given and the features of the economic and political development of states are indicated. The economic vector along which the process of emergence of developing countries takes place is considered.

Territorial division of Latin America

Latin America refers to a group of countries that are located in the Western Hemisphere between the southern borders of the United States and Antarctica.

Rice. 1. Latin America on the map.

The area of the region is 20.1 million km. sq. The population is about 545 million people.

The list of countries in Latin America includes:

Argentina;
Antigua;
Bahamas;
Barbuda;
Belize;
Brazil;
Barbados;
Venezuela;
Guyana;
Haiti;
Honduras;
Guatemala;
Grenada;
Grenadines;
Guiana;
Dominican Republic;
Dominica;
Colombia;
Cuba;
Costa Rica;
Mexico;
Nicaragua;
Nevis;
Paraguay;
Panama;
Puerto Rico;
Peru;
Salvador;
Saint Kitts;
Saint Vincent;
Saint Lucia;
Suriname;
Uruguay;
Chile;
Ecuador;
Jamaica.

Many countries and capitals of Latin America today claim to be the leading players in the global economic and political arena. This is due to the fact that in most states there was a change of political regime. This is evidenced by the data given in the table. Some of the countries in the region are now actively tying up international relations without the possibility of becoming dependent on a more powerful partner in terms of economic development.

Table "Peculiarities of development of Latin American countries"

*Development vector*	*Result*
Protest against dictatorship, upholding democratic rights, views and directions.
Transformation of the agrarian orientation. Intensification of the agricultural sector. The birth of an industrial society.	The growth of the peasant and farm economy. The transition from the status of the agrarian and raw material outskirts of the world to the status of a region with a powerful industry and infrastructure in the field of production.
Defending sovereignty in the global political arena. Avoiding backwardness and dependence on developed countries. Rejection of imposed US policy.	The integration vector makes it possible to resist the dictates of the United States, but the conditions for dependence remain.
Social security of the population. Improvement of the position of workers.	Observance of civil rights of the population. Preservation of a low standard of living, economic and scientific and technical backwardness.
Development of authentic culture.	Increasing the level of literacy of the population. Strengthening the culture of self-determination of peoples. High level of political literacy.

Modernization Models for Latin American Countries

Cuba is a prime example of modernization.

In 1961, US President John F. Kennedy proposed the Alliance for Progress assistance program to Latin American countries. The program was adopted, but did not strengthen democracy.

Rice. 3. J. Kennedy.

Modernization has become the main slogan of military regimes. Such actions often had a positive effect on the economy.

What have we learned?

We found out what reasons had the greatest impact on the rapid economic growth of individual countries in the region. We learned what historical events were the way to maintain democracy in a number of Latin American countries. We got an idea of which of the countries in the region is an example of modernization. Supplemented knowledge of the curriculum for the 11th grade of geography.

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Which consists of two continents, South and North America, and a number of adjacent islands. It was discovered on October 12, 1492 during the expedition of Christopher Columbus, who actually intended to find a sea route to India and China. Most of the local population speaks languages of the Indo-European family. So, in North America they speak mainly English, in Mexico and South America - in Spanish, in Brazil - in Portuguese, and in Canada - in French.

Territorial division

The countries of the Americas are grouped as follows:

Latin America: countries and capitals

This region is located between the USA and Antarctica, on its territory there are 33 states and 13 colonies. The area of the region covers about 15% of the entire land area of the planet. The very term "Latin" in the name of this part of America is explained simply. The languages spoken by the inhabitants of this region are derived from Latin.

Latin American countries are divided into the following categories:

Latin America includes Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, etc. The capital of Brazil is the city of Brasilia. Every year the state is visited by a huge number of tourists. Sunny Brazil attracts with both classical architectural monuments and beautiful parks and waterfalls. Argentina is another colorful country, its capital is Buenos Aires. It is famous for its miles of sunny beaches and friendly people. And finally, Mexico, with its capital in the city of Mexico City, is widely known throughout the world for its cuisine.

Central American countries

This region is located between South and North America. The countries of this region, which were listed above, although they do not stand out in economic terms, still play an important role in the political arena of this part of the world. This is mainly because important transport arteries connecting the two continents pass through them.

The countries of America, North and South, are connected by the Panama Canal. Despite the relative economic stability of the states and their geopolitical advantages, the level of development of even the largest cities remains unsatisfactory. This is due to the constant outflow of the population to the United States and South America in search of a better life (although the opposite is also true - people leave precisely from disorder, wanting to improve their lives).

Most of the states of Central America have access to the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. This helps to maintain a constant influx of tourists wishing to soak up the beaches. Only two states have access to just one of the oceans, these are El Salvador and Belize.

United States of America

The United States remains the most developed state in this part of the world (and from a variety of points of view). High economic indicators have contributed to the fact that people from all over the world have been flocking here for several centuries. It would be rational to tell the most interesting things about the USA:

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The countries of America differ in their geographical features, political situation, religion and much more. But each of them is special and remarkable in its own way. Most Americas play an important role in the political arena, while the less developed ones are a constant source of labor.

Latin America is a large region. It includes part of the countries of North America, most of the countries of Central and South America. Its borders stretch from the US in the north to Antarctica in the south. The area is about 12 million kilometers, it is washed by the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

Geography and states

The name "America Latina" was introduced in the 19th century by Emperor Napoleon III, he combined the list of countries where they speak Romance (Latin) languages. Spanish and Portuguese are widely spoken in these states. In all these territories, Spanish is the official language, with the exception of Brazil, where Portuguese is the official language.

Looking at the map of Latin America, you can see that the largest number of countries are in Central America. These are small states located along the Panama Canal. The largest countries are in the Atlantic region, such as Brazil and Argentina.

Initially, all these territories were inhabited by Indians who lived in a primitive system. After the conquest of America by the Spaniards and the Portuguese, the indigenous population was gradually forced out, exterminated and driven into hard-to-reach places. But unlike North America, the Indians of the southern hemisphere survived for the most part, many tribes assimilated with emigrants from Europe. Since Europeans actively spread the Spanish language and the Catholic religion, now Latin American countries are the largest region professing Catholicism.

Information! The official language is mainly Spanish, but each country uses a different dialect.

The states of this region have a diverse economy and political structure. All of them were previously colonies of developed European states, but over the past century, almost all have gained independence.

Latin American countries are deservedly very popular among tourists. Breathtaking natural landscapes will not leave anyone indifferent here. These places are mainly visited by travelers who have seen many countries, which are difficult to surprise with something. These are not poor people, they mostly stay in 5* hotels.

Consider which countries are part of Latin America.

List of countries and their features

Latin America on the world map occupies 1/7 of our planet in the Western Hemisphere. It consists of 33 independent states with a total population of about 600 million people. The geographical features of these countries are as follows:

All countries in the region have access to the ocean, except for Paraguay and Bolivia;
Geographical proximity to the USA;
Remoteness from other countries of the world;
According to the form of political government, all countries are republics.

Political map of Latin America in Russian

The largest country in the region is Brazil, the smallest is Suriname. Consider a list of Latin American states, we will try to briefly describe them. The list of countries is as follows:

Antigua and Barbuda is a small country in the Caribbean whose official language is English. The population is less than 100,000 people, the capital is St. John's.
Argentina is famous for tango, football and beaches. This is the second largest country in Latin America after Brazil, the capital is Buenos Aires. Enjoys great popularity among tourists from all over the world, an economically developed country.
Belize is a state in the Caribbean region, the famous offshore zone of the whole world. The official language is English, the capital is Belmopan, tourism is actively developing.
Bolivia is a poor but safe country of great interest to travelers.
Brazil is a huge country with a population of about 200 million inhabitants. This is a country of carnivals and sunny beaches, attracting hundreds of thousands of tourists from all over the world. The capital is Brasilia and the language is Portuguese. Brazil is the main exporter of coffee and tobacco in the world.
Venezuela is a relatively small country in the north of the mainland, with a population of just over 20 million, the capital is Caracas, and the official language is Spanish.
Haiti is a very poor country, constantly suffering from natural disasters and coups. Uses several languages - French, Haitian and Creole. The capital is the city of Port-au-Prince.
Guatemala is a country with the capital of the same name, which attracts tourists with beautiful nature and volcanoes. The population consists of various Indians and mestizos.
Honduras is the islands of the Caribbean Sea, united in one state. The capital is the city of Tegucigalpa, the language is Spanish, it is famous for its poverty and crime.
The Dominican Republic is a famous beach resort that attracts vacationers all year round. The capital is Santa Domingo, the language is Spanish, and the population is about 10 million people.
Colombia is a country notorious for producing cocaine. This troubled state, however, attracts tourists due to its natural beauties. The capital is Bogotá, with a population of over 45 million.
Costa Rica is a state located in the central part of America. The capital is San José and the official language is Spanish.
Cuba is the island of Freedom, famous to all our compatriots. This is a state in the Caribbean, which has a large number of high-level hotels. Tourism is very developed here, excellent beaches, the capital is Havana, the population is very small - more than 11 million people.
Mexico is a large country famous for its soap operas, ancient architecture and beach resorts. The capital, Mexico City, is a real paradise for tourism.
Nicaragua is located in Central America, a problematic country, the population is 6 million inhabitants, the capital is Managua, the language is Spanish.
Chile is a visa-free mountainous state stretched along the entire mainland. The population is more than 17 million people, the capital is Santiago, the official language is Spanish.
Panama is a country of Latin America, located on the isthmus of the same name, the main language is Spanish, the population is about 4 million people.
Peru is located in the northwestern part of America, the capital is Lima. In addition to Spanish, Aymara and Quechua, the languages of the indigenous people, are used here.
El Salvador is a small state, often suffering from all kinds of natural disasters, the population is 6.8 million, the capital is the city of San Salvador.
Uruguay is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, a small and safe country for tourists. The capital is Montevideo and the language is Spanish.
Puerto Rico is a state dependent on the United States, has a special status. This country is rich in Spanish colonial architecture and attracts tourists with sports competitions.
Ecuador is located on the mainland and the Galapagos Islands. A visa for citizens of the CIS is not required, the capital is Quito.
Saint Barths, Saint Martin, Martinique, Guadeloupe and French Guiana are states that are legally part of France. These are islands with beautiful nature, wide beaches and warm sun.

Interesting! Saint Barths Island is a reserve for oligarchs from all over the world. With its high prices, this state scares away many ordinary tourists.

As you can see, all Latin American countries have striking features in culture and nature. This continent is rich in natural resources, water and green resources, has unique historical values.

Rio de Janeiro is one of the largest cities in South America

Major cities and attractions

As elsewhere in the world, in Latin America there is a tendency to move from villages to large cities. People move to cities in order to find work and arrange their lives. Consider which cities are most important.

Sao Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, a major business center with a population of 17-18 million people. This is a large shopping center of the country, nightlife is seething here, fashion weeks are held, thousands of migrants from other regions of the country flock here.
Mexico City is the capital of Mexico and the largest city in Latin America. It is difficult to accurately calculate the population of this metropolis, since many growing conglomerate areas adjoin the center, but this figure is from 18 to 19 million. Most of the population are indigenous Indians, thanks to whom the ancient culture of the pre-Columbian era has been preserved in Mexico City.
Rio de Janeiro is a city of carnivals and fun, nightlife and wide beaches. It is the cultural center of the country with a population of 6.5 million people. The main attraction of Rio is a mountain with a statue of Jesus Christ, one of the 7 wonders of the world.
Lima is the capital of Peru, with a population of more than 7.6 million, the city is washed by the Pacific Ocean, stands at the foot of the Andes. The bulk of the townspeople are Quechua and Aymara Indians.
Bogota is the capital of Colombia, with a population of about 7 million, this city is located at an altitude of 2600 m above sea level. There are large temperature differences, often reaching -6 degrees, despite the proximity to the equator. Locals are friendly to tourists, but it is dangerous to travel outside the city.
Santiago, the Chilean capital, has 5.5 million inhabitants and this figure is growing steadily. This city is visited before a trip to Easter Island, the Atacama Desert and the Patagonian National Parks.
Buenos Aires - more than 3 million people, a city of contrasts. This capital of Argentina is similar to Paris, London and Barcelona at the same time. Here is the most famous theater of Colon, a huge park of Palermo forests, the famous area of La Boca.
Caracas is the capital of Venezuela, the population reaches 3.5 million. The city is located in the Caribbean Andes Valley, interesting places are Bolivar Square with a central cathedral, museums. From Caracas, the route to Angel Falls and Roraima Rock begins.
Havana is a fun and diverse capital of Cuba with a population of 2.5 million people. Here time has stopped, this city is recognized as a "patrimony of mankind", in Havana you can see buildings with a 600-year history next to the houses of the 20th century.

In recent decades, this region has been actively developing, and the main focus is on tourism. The combination of a warm climate, wide sandy beaches, tropical forests, historical sights attracts more and more tourists from all over the world. Latin America is a real storehouse for travelers.

Description of Latin America: list of countries, capitals, cities and resorts. Photo and video, oceans and seas, mountains, rivers and lakes of Latin America. Tour operators and tours in Latin America.

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Latin American countries

The land of the mysterious civilizations of the Incas, Mayans and Aztecs, the land of breathtaking beauties and noble caballeros, the main tobacco and coffee region of the planet, as well as the place of concentration of a mass of original and diverse traditions and cultures, Latin America occupies the lower edge of the North American continent, South America and a whole scattering of islands, nestled near their narrow isthmus.

The term "Latin America" arose as a designation of dependent territories of European metropolises, whose official languages developed from popular Latin - in particular, Spanish, Portuguese, French. Today, the phrase "Indian America" (as more politically correct) is in circulation, although for travel agents and tourists, the region seems to remain "Latin" for a long time to come.

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In the tourist sense, Latin America is a motley "bouquet" of destinations. People come here for everything - and in order to personally touch the legendary monuments of architecture, and to drive jeeps in national parks and, of course, tastefully relax in coastal hotels. The public visiting Latin American countries is an inquisitive people with money (holidays in Latin America are very expensive). They have already traveled a lot around the world, have repeatedly been to the countries of Southeast Asia and are very demanding on living conditions (70% of all tourists book five-star hotels). For the most part, they prefer cognitive rest to passive lying on the beach, for which Latin America has everything you need.

Among the most popular Latin American destinations are Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Chile, Venezuela.

On the territory of Latin America with an area of 21 million square meters. km there are 46 states, more or less different from each other.

States of Latin America

The largest and most politically significant Latin American states are several countries.

Brazil
It is the largest state in Latin America with the largest population. The country is attractive for tourists with nightclubs, impenetrable jungle and impressive waterfalls.

Mexico
A unique country, practically the most popular among travelers. It is famous for the most popular beaches in the world, diving, ancient Mayan and Aztec buildings.

Argentina
A country rich in various attractions and entertainment (corrida, feeding predators, wine festivals, motorcycle races, dolphin shows, etc.) The amazing nature of national parks with waterfalls and rare animals, skiing is an integral advantage of Argentina.

Costa Rica
This country is valued for its unique nature: volcanoes, nature reserves, mountain slopes, lakes, underwater national parks and exotic beaches.

Venezuela
This Latin American state attracts tourists with its unshakable ecosystem. The country can be proud of the highest waterfall in the world - Angel, rain forests of the Orinoco River and a wide variety of flora.

Peru
This is a mysterious country with objects of historical significance - Cusco, Machu Picchu.

Chile
A state with beautiful nature, popular ski resorts.

Bolivia
A multinational high-mountain country with salt hotels and deserts, mountain lake Titicaca.

Colombia
This state is famous for its luxurious resorts, the snow-capped peaks of the Andes, frequent festivals and fairs.

Less developed countries in terms of economy and tourism include Panama, Uruguay, Paraguay, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Belize, Guiana and Guatemala.

Island States of Latin America

The island states of Latin America include the countries of the West Indies:

Barbados;
- Grenada;
- Dominican Republic;
- Dominica;
- St. Vincent;
- Grenadines;
- St. Kitts;
- Nevis;
- Saint Lucia;
- Jamaica;
- Trinidad;
- Tobago;
- Antigua;
- Barbuda;
- The Bahamas is a tiny but rich state, with a high standard of living and economy, it is famous for its luxurious hotels and pink flamingos;
- Haiti is practically the poorest country in the world: corruption and dictatorship do not give prosperity to the state, and frequent earthquakes only aggravate the economic situation;
- Cuba is distinguished by inexpensive shopping, cigars, rum, as well as developed surfing and water skiing.

The world of Latin America is unusual and unique, as it is characterized not only by an interesting style of communication between people, but also by climatic features, and unusually beautiful nature.