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The most talented Japanese actors. Japanese Historical Persons Famous Japanese

Japan- the country of the Rising Sun, the world of exotics separated from the continent by the Yellow and Japan Seas: kimono, bansai, geisha, samurai, hara-kiri, judo, sumo, anime, sake, sushi, Fuji, sakura,… eventually, Toyota and Mitsubishi. The list seems to go on forever.

A country of contrasts, where the latest achievements of science and technology coexist with magnificent castles and temples of the samurai era.

The geographical isolation of the Japanese archipelago determined the character traits of its population: calmness and restraint, but at the same time great willpower (you must admit, not every one of us would have decided to commit ritual hara-kiri as revenge on the worst enemy); a penchant for contemplation (it’s not for nothing that one of the favorite actions of the Japanese is considered “hanami” - watching the falling sakura flowers), but at the same time, some lightness and playfulness that can be seen in our favorite Japanese anime.

The official religions of Japan are Shinto and Buddhism. In practice, it is rather difficult to determine any clear line between them, perhaps that is why the Japanese say that each of them is born a Shintoist and dies a Buddhist.

Japanese language- the language spoken by about 125 million inhabitants of Japan, as well as the descendants of the Japanese who migrated in the first half of the 20th century. to other countries: to the USA, including the Hawaiian Islands (more than 800 thousand), Brazil (about 400 thousand), Peru (more than 100 thousand), China, Canada, Argentina, Mexico, etc.

This language is mysterious, like Japan itself, its family ties have long been controversial; now most researchers recognize it as related to the Altaic languages - Korean, Tungus-Manchu, Mongolian, Turkic. There is a hypothesis about its relationship with the Austronesian ( Malayo-Polynesian) languages. During the historical period, the Japanese language has been significantly influenced by Chinese, and in recent decades by English.

Notable Japanese Cast: Takeshi Kitano, Haruki Murakami, Yasunari Kawabata, Junichiro Koizumi, Utada Hikaru.

Famous people of Japan:

- A famous Japanese director, actor, screenwriter, as well as a writer, poet and artist. He has starred in films such as Johnny Mnemonic, Merry Christmas Mr. Lawrence, Zatoichi, Kukijiro, Five, Boiling Point, Tokyo Eyes, Battle Royale. He is also a director, screenwriter and editor of the films "Fireworks", "Dolls", "Guys are back", etc.

Kurosawa Akira (1910–1998)

- Japanese film director, one of the leading representatives of the humanistic direction of art of the XX century. World fame Kurosawa brought the film "Rashomon", based on the works of R. Akutagawa "Gate of Rashomon" and "In the thicket." Innovative in terms of storytelling, the film (the story of rape and murder is told from four different points of view) won the Golden Lion Grand Prix at the Venice Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film of the Year.

Murakami Haruki(born in 1949)

is a Japanese writer who has gained great popularity in the West in recent years. In April 1974, he wrote his first novel, Hear the Wind Sing, which won the National Emerging Writers Literary Award. This book, together with the novels "Pinball 73" and "Sheep Hunt" made up the "Rat Trilogy". In addition, we all know such his novels as "Norwegian Forest", "Underground", "My Favorite Satellite" and "Chronicles of Clockwork Bird".

Takada Kenzo(born in 1940)

- a brilliant oriental designer, whom everyone knows only by name and is called "the most European of all Japanese fashion designers." Kenzo's favorite motifs are flowers and leaves, and even his most famous perfumes are in a leaf bottle. The designer loves animal skin prints, tartan variations and bold color combinations. Takada brought into fashion simple, even slightly childish silhouettes - knee-length shorts, mini coats, sweater dresses, huge berets and, of course, kimono sleeves. The national Japanese costume generally became the initial basis for the designer's work, but Kenzo drew inspiration not only from the history of kimonos. In his work, he reinterprets Spanish boleros, traditional Austrian jackets, Indian trousers, and Chinese tunics. Today, Kenzo is considered "the only Master who is able to weave into a single stylistic thread all the nuances of perception that a person possesses."

Kawabata Yasunari (1899–1972)

- one of the most talented Japanese writers of the twentieth century. His stories and novels "Beasts and Birds", "Snow Country", "Thousand-winged Crane" and others have been translated into many languages and enjoy the unchanging love of readers. In 1968, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for "writing that expresses with great feeling the essence of Japanese thinking."

- J-pop singer, now popular in Japan, as well as among anime fans around the world. Writes songs in Japanese and English. Her first album "First Love" sold 9 million copies in Japan. In addition, Utada is also known in the United States under the pseudonym

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Intensity of classes: 2 times a week for 3 ac. hours.

Every nation has outstanding women who are remembered for many generations for their deeds and deeds that influenced the fate of the country. In today's article, we will talk about 10 Japanese women who radically influenced the development of their country in their time. Most of these women have achieved fame overseas, which is another hallmark of success in Japan.

All the women on this list are well known among the Japanese. Ready to test your knowledge of Japan's prominent women? Then let's go through history, from 973 to the present day.

Murasaki Shikibu / Murasaki Shikibu (973 - 1025)

Writer

In those days, women were deprived of the opportunity to study classical Chinese, but Sikubu's father gave her the opportunity to study with her brother. A precocious child, she immersed herself in the study of the Chinese language, but hid her abilities so as not to arouse contempt from adults.

While living at the court of the imperial family, where she served as maid of honor to Empress Akiko, Shikibu kept a diary in which she wrote about the activities of the fictional Prince Genji, supplementing it with various little things from real court life. Such "poetic tales" are a genre of poetic biography in which reality is mixed with fiction, resulting in works of "Japanese prose". Such writing found favor among women, especially court ladies, wives and daughters of courtiers, while men still preferred to write in classical Chinese.

An English translation of The Tale of Genji, consisting of six volumes, appeared in 1933.

Misako Shirasu (1910 - 1998)

Publicist and expert in aesthetics and design

Sirasu began to study at the age of four, and at the age of 14 she became the first woman to perform on stage Noh.

Misako Shirasu grew up in a good family. She attended a preparatory school in the USA. Upon her return to Japan, she married, and in 1942, together with her husband, they moved to a farm away from likely bombing targets. Apparently, this moment became the key in her life. It was during this time that Shirasu learned to appreciate the simple, austere lifestyle. She became a proponent of simple aesthetics and design surrounded by nature.

Sirasu believed in mixing ideas to arrive at practical ways of living. Regarding design, she emphasized that imperfections are the defining beauty of an object, a valuable natural vice, an unforeseen treasure, or "natural imperfection". Instead of creating art, she invited people to put their heart and soul into creating something with great effort and skill. Shirasu also said that folk art should be a little clumsy.

She devoted herself to studying the relationship between art and nature. Sirasu used flower arrangement as an example: once flowers are placed in a vase, for the first time we can understand the essence of a flower in a controlled and observable format, where we can appreciate it on a different level and give it new life. She saw that the beauty of nature included food and art. These values still live on in Japanese art and design.

The house where she lived with her husband is called Buaiso, now a museum open to the public.

Masako Katsura (1913 - 1995)

Professional billiard player

"Katsy" was Japan's only professional female pool player in the 1950s. In addition, she became the first woman to play in a world billiards tournament.

Masako learned the game at the age of 13, thanks to her older sister's husband, who owned a billiard room. She appeared on 30 shows in 1958, and appeared twice on American television the following year (once on CBS and the other on ABC). Masako married an American army sergeant and moved from Japan to the United States.

Katsy wrote two books in Japanese about billiards: Introduction to Billiards (1952) and Improving Your Pool Game (1956).

She eventually returned to Japan and lived with her sister. 5 years after returning to her homeland, she died, it happened in 1995.

Hanae Mori / Hanae Mori (1926)

Hanae Mori is Japan's most famous female designer. She is also considered an icon of free women. Maury used fashion design as a promotion of the interplay of aesthetic values between East and West.

In her youth, Mori studied at a local sewing school. She later opened her own boutique in Ginza and created a clothing collection. She entered the world of haute couture in Paris, influenced by Coco Chanel. In 1976, she opened a salon in Paris and was appointed a member of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture, becoming the only designer from Japan to be included in Haute Couture.

Mori's designs have appeared on the cover of Vogue magazine. Her designs include the uniforms for the Japan Airlines flight attendants, the uniforms of the Japanese athletes at the Barcelona Summer Olympics, and the kimono and wedding dress for the Japanese Princess Masako. Mori also has a perfume collection and a Hanae Mori Barbie doll.

Mori supports young designers through his Hanae Mori foundation.

Sadako Ogata (1927)

Diplomat

Few women are as impressive as Sadako Ogata, who until the age of 85 held a position at the Japan International Cooperation Agency. She was Chair of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 1991-2001, UNICEF Executive Board 1978-1979, and President of the Japan International Cooperation Agency, where she served from October 2003 to April 2012.

Sadako Ogata, in addition to numerous international awards, has also received the Indira Gandhi Award and the J. William Fulbright Award for International Understanding. In 2001, she accompanied then-Prime Minister Mori to Africa, marking the first visit by a Japanese prime minister to the African continent.

Sadako Ogata is dearly loved by her people for her compassion for the underprivileged.

Yayoi Kusama / Yayoi Kusama (1929)

Artist

Yayoi Kusama was a leader in the avant-garde movement shortly after she moved to the US (she was then in her 20s) and is said to have influenced artists such as Andy Warhol. She is also a direct participant in the minimalist and feminist art movements.

Kusama is known for her red polka dot artwork. This whimsical theme has become her signature. Yayoi Kusama is also known for her installation art - she turns entire rooms into living tree trunks painted with red polka dots.

In 2008, one of her works was sold at Christie's New York auction for $5.1 million, a record for a living female artist of the time.

Once you see her art, you won't be able to forget it. Kusama is candid about his struggles with mental illness. She is in Seiwa Hospital in Tokyo, from where she travels to her studio.

Hibari Misora / Hibari Misora (1937 - 1989)

Singer, actress and cult personality

As an actress, Misora appeared in Takekurabe (1955), Izu no odoriko (1954) and Hibari no mori no ishimatsu (1960). However, she is best remembered as the Enki singer. Her first performance was at the age of eight and she appeared on NHK the following year. She toured Japan for two years.

Hibari Misora has recorded over 1,000 songs, including "Kawa no nagare no you ni". This song was voted by over 10 million people in an NHK poll as the greatest Japanese song of all time.

Misora is one of the most commercially successful musicians. She also became the first Japanese woman to receive the Order of Honor from the Prime Minister. Misora was awarded the Japanese Government's Medal of Honor for her contribution to music and public welfare, inspiring people and giving them hope after World War II.

Hibari Misora died at the age of 52 from an illness. She was reported to have sold over 80 million records. Live, TV and radio concerts are still held in Japan in memory of her.

Sadako Sasaki (1943 - 1955)

Symbol of the innocent victims of war

Sadako lived 1 mile from where the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Then she was two years old. The girl and her family survived. However, when Sadako was nine years old, she developed leukemia, a disease that affected many children in the area.

Sadako's friend told her the legend of a thousand cranes: if you fold a thousand origami cranes, that person's wish will come true. Sadako painstakingly folded paper cranes from whatever material she could find. But on October 25 of the same year, she died without reaching her goal.

Sadako Sasaki serves as a symbol for children and other innocent victims of war. With the funds raised, in May 1958, a memorial was erected in honor of Sadako in the Hiroshima Peace Park. To this day, children continue to fold paper cranes to decorate her memorial.

Sadako is a bitter reminder of why Japan included Article 9 (prohibiting war as a means of settling international disputes) in its constitution.

Kimi Iwata / Kimie Iwata (1947)

Former Executive Vice President of Shiseido Co., Ltd.

Iwata is a rare example of a female leader in Japan. The fact is that in the country of the samurai, according to the Bureau of Gender Equality, women make up less than 1% of the leaders of leading Japanese companies and only 10% of leaders in general.

After graduating from the University of Tokyo in 1971, Kimi Iwata immediately joined the Ministry of Labor, where she helped create the Equal Employment Opportunity Act in the mid-1980s.

In 2003, she joined Shiseido, the largest Japanese cosmetics company and the fourth largest in the world. Until 2012, she served as Corporate Director and Executive Vice President at the company. Iwata strongly supported female employees at Shiseido and advocated a more female-friendly corporate ethic.

Kimi Iwata also participated as the main spokesperson for the Women's Empowerment Forum. She is also a member of the Gender Equality Council.

Chiaki Mukai (1952)

Physician and astronaut JAXA

Mukai is the first female astronaut from Japan and the first citizen of the Land of the Rising Sun to fly two space shuttle missions, one aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1994 and the other aboard the Discovery in 1998. Mukai flew with US Senator John Glenn, who was 77 years old at the time and became the oldest person to go into space. Their flight was covered live on television in the United States.

You met ten of the most prominent Japanese women in the history of the country. In fact, it was very difficult to choose the best ones. And perhaps you would like to include other personalities in this top? If so, please share your thoughts in the comments.

A monument to the fearless commander rises in front of the emperor's palace in Tokyo Kusunoki Masashige in armor riding a war horse, ready to serve his master forever. The image of this samurai was actively used in Japan from 1868 until the end of World War II. And even now he remains the most likeable person in the history of Japan. During the Great Pacific War, kamikaze detachments chose Kusunoki Masashige as their patron saint, they considered themselves his spiritual heirs and offered their lives for their homeland and the emperor, as Kusunoki Masashige did in his time. For his loyalty to the Imperial throne, Kusunoki Masashige was nicknamed Prince Dainan.

Kusunoki Masashige (1294 - 1336) - an outstanding Japanese commander. He came from a noble and wealthy samurai family of the province of Kawachi. His family had the right to develop a deposit of cinnabar containing mercury, and sold the mined ore in Kyoto. Masashige from childhood participated in the military campaigns of his father, who often fought with his neighbors, and acquired irreplaceable military experience in these clashes. Even at an early age, his parents sent him to study at the monastery of the Shingon school, where he thoroughly studied the martial art of yamabushi. Masashige then continued his military education under the guidance of a family who kept the secrets of China's classical military science. From the combination of the art of fighting yamabushi and Chinese military art, one of the most important schools of Japanese military science was born, which included and ninjutsu. It was the most advanced martial arts school in Japan. Kusunoki Masashige did not become a master of hand-to-hand combat, but turned into a wonderful tactician and strategist. It was said about him that Kusunoki Masashige was able to control the troops without leaving the tent. He was one of the most active participants in the Restoration of Kenmu (1333-1336), was appointed governor of the province of Kawati. In 1336, at the Battle of Minatogawa, near what is now Kobe, Masashige's troops clashed with the Ashikaga army. After many hours of battle, military happiness began to lean towards Ashikaga. Then, leaving the battle, Masashige and his brother Masasue committed suicide, the brothers pierced each other with swords. Their example was followed by more than seventy relatives and servants. Kusunoki Masashige went down in history as a symbol of unbreakable devotion to the imperial family and military talent.

In the history of Japan, Kusunoki Masashige is considered an outstanding expert in military science. There is a sword that is considered a national treasure and which belonged to Kusunoki Masashige. This sword is called Koryu kagemitsu, on his blade there are relief engravings, on one side the dragon kurikara is depicted, and on the other - Sanskrit signs. Kurikara is a dragon wrapped around a sword, and consists of the main deities of the Shingon school Dainichi Nyorai, Fudo Myo, and the sea dragon Kurikara-ryuo, who are one in body and spirit and twist the sword of justice with evil faces. The Koryu kagemitsu sword indicates that Kusunoki Masashige believed in Buddhism.

21st place. Ariana Miyamoto / Ariana Miyamoto- Miss Japan 2015, Japan's representative at the Miss Universe 2015 pageant, where she entered the top 10. Ariana was born in Nagasaki, Japan on May 12, 1994. Her father was an African American who served at that time at the US Navy base in Japan, and her mother was Japanese. After winning the Miss Japan contest, the girl was criticized for her non-Japanese appearance. This is due to the fact that Miyamoto became the first mestizo to win the national beauty contest, although this has long become the norm in Europe, the USA and Canada.

20th place. Yui Shinada- Japanese fashion model (born September 6, 1982). Height 160 cm, figure parameters 84-59-86.

19th place. (born October 20, 1987) - Miss Japan 2013, representative of Japan at the Miss Universe 2013 contest. Height 173 cm, parameters 82-60-87.

18th place. Reon Kadena / Reon Kadena(born February 19, 1986) is a Japanese fashion model and actress. Height 167 cm, figure parameters 90-59-87.

16th place. Saki Seto(born June 21, 1985) is a Japanese actress and gravure idol.

15th place. Mikie Hara(born July 3, 1987) is a Japanese fashion model and actress. Height 163 cm. Figure measurements 94-61-88.

14th place. Rina Aizawa / Rina Aizawa(born July 28, 1991) is a Japanese actress and gravure idol.

13th place. Yuri Ebihara / Yuri Ebihara(born October 3, 1979) is a Japanese fashion model and actress. Height 168 cm, figure parameters 82-56-84.

12th place. Erika Sawajiri(born April 8, 1986) is a Japanese actress, fashion model and singer. Her father is Japanese, and her mother is an Algerian Berber. Height 160 cm, figure parameters 80-58-86.

11th place. Yu Hasebe / Yu Hasebe(born January 17, 1986) is a Japanese fashion model and actress. Height 156 cm, figure parameters 78-60-80.

10th place. Miwa Oshiro / Miwa Oshiro(born August 26, 1983) is a Japanese fashion model and actress. Height 154 cm, figure parameters 88-58-84.

9th place. Keiko Kitagawa / Keiko Kitagawa(born August 22, 1986) is a Japanese actress and fashion model. Height 160 cm, figure parameters 75-53-81.

8th place. Kana Tsugihara(born August 25, 1984) is a Japanese actress and fashion model. Height 158 cm, figure parameters 87-60-88.

7th place. Mayuko Iwasa(born February 24, 1987) is a Japanese actress and fashion model. Height 155 cm, figure parameters 83-58-86.

6th place. Aya Ueto / Aya Ueto(born September 14, 1985) is a Japanese actress, singer and model. Height 162 cm, figure parameters 82-58-84.

5th place. Ayumi Hamasaki (born October 2, 1978) is a Japanese singer, model and actress. Height 156 cm, figure parameters 80-53-82.

4th place. Meisa Kuroki(born May 28, 1988) - Japanese actress, fashion model, singer. Height 165 cm, figure parameters 82-59-85. Meisa Kuroki is Japanese by father and Brazilian by mother.

(1893-1945), naval officer.

Iwakura Tomomi(1825-1883), prince - a prominent statesman of Japan.

Izaki (Izaki) Matome, Japanese naval figure, vice admiral. From Nov. 1941 to Nov. In 1943, in the battles for Guadalcanal, he commanded a support group, which included the 30th destroyer division (the light cruiser Jintsu, the destroyers Makatsuki and Yukikaze) and the 16th destroyer division (Hamakaze, Kiyunami, " Yugur). In 1944 he was appointed commander of the 1st division of battleships, at the head of which, as part of the fleet of Admiral T. Kurita, he participated in the battle for the Philippines and in the battle in Leyte Gulf.

Ii Naosuke(1815-1860), Japanese statesman.

Iida Shojiro(1888 - ?), military figure.

Iimura (Iimura) Yo(1888-?), Japanese military figure, lieutenant general. In 1930-32 military attache in Ankara. In 1932-33 he was an inspector of the Academy of the General Staff, in 1933 he was the head of a department of the General Staff. In 1935 he commanded the 61st Infantry Regiment. In 1938-39 deputy chief, in 1939 and 1943-44 chief of the Academy of the General Staff. In 1939-40 Chief of Staff of the Kwantung Army. In 1941 director of the Institute of Military Research. In 1941-43 he commanded the troops of the 5th Army operating in Manchuria. On March 16, 1944, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Southern Army. In 1944-45 commander of the 2nd front in Indonesia. Since June 1945, the commander of the Tokyo Defensive Army and the Tokyo Military Region, in Sept. 1945 retired.

Iinuna Yokusai(1782-1865). Scientist. Yinuna studied Dutch scientific works (rangaku) in Edo. He is credited with using Western botanical works in herbal medicine (honzogaku). In 1856, he compiled a 20-volume botanical atlas (Somoku zusetsu), in which he described 1215 plant species, classifying them according to the Linnaean system, and not in the traditional Japanese way. *

Ikkyu Sozun(1391-1481). Zen Buddhist monk of the Rinzai school.

Ike Taiga(1723-1776). Artist and calligrapher of high literary style. Taiga was born and lived in Kyoto, where he first learned the Tosa style, but soon became interested in the Nanga (Southern School) style. He studied with Japanese literary style pioneers Yanagisawa Kien and Sakaki Hyakusen. While studying finger-writing, Taiga focused on the Chinese style, including sources such as the painting textbook The Mustard Seed Garden, while also studying Zen and calligraphy. *

Ikeda Hayato(1899-?), Japanese politician and statesman.

THEM

Imamura Hiroshi(1887 - 1968), military leader

Ingen(1592-1673). Founder of the Obaku school of Zen Buddhism in Japan. The Chinese monk Ingen studied Zen Buddhism in China and after that went to Japan in 1654. In 1658, the shogun Tokugawa Ietsuna granted land to Ingen in Uji, near Kyoto, on which he built Mampukuji, the seat of the Obaku school. The Obaku Zen teaching combines the practice of nembuiu and esoteric Buddhist rituals. Ingen's ability as a calligrapher popularized Obak's calligraphy style. *

Inoguchi Toshihara(1896-1944), naval officer.

Ino Jakusui(1655-1715). Physician and chemist. Ino studied medicinal herbs (honzogaku) as well as the properties of about 2,000 plants listed in the Chinese herbal text. He is best known for his Shobutsu ruisan, a 1,000-volume work on medicinal herbs. Starting this work in 1697, he managed to write 362 volumes. The remaining books were completed by his students, who were supported by the shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune. *

Ino Takadaka(1745-1818). Geographer and cartographer of the Edo period. Accurately measured the length of the meridian using Japanese methods. Ino's most important work was the compilation of maps of Japan based on his own explorations and travels around the country. *

Inoue Kaoru(1835-1915), Japanese statesman.

Inoue Kiyoshi(1913-?), Japanese historian.

Inoue Shigeyoshi(1889-1975), naval figure

Inukai Tsuyoshi(April 20, 1855 - May 15, 1932) - Japanese politician. From the 90s of the 19th century, he occupied a prominent position in various bourgeois-landlord parties. Since 1929 - the leader of the seiyukai party. In December 1931 - May 1932 - Prime Minister. The Inukai government completed the occupation of Northeast China, and pursued a policy of increased inflation within the country. Killed by a group of fascist "young officers" during the coup on May 15, 1932. ( Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1973-1982. Volume 6. INDRA - CARACAS. 1965).

AND ABOUT

Yoshihito, Yoshihito, Taisho's throne name(1879-1926), Emperor of Japan.

Ippen(1239-1289). Buddhist monk of the Pure Land. Ippen began studying Buddhism at the age of nine, when he came to the monastery of the Tendai Enryakuji school, located on Mount Hiei. Three years later, he went to Kyushu to study Pure Land Buddhism. After a short stay away from religious life, Ippen became an itinerant priest. After deep religious experiences, in 1276 he founded the Ji-shu (School of Burden). Ippen later developed a form of ecstatic dance in praise of the Buddha Amida. Despite the resistance of the Tendai school, Ippen taught this kind of religious dance to his students. It is said that before his death, Ippen destroyed all his written works, leaving nothing for future generations. *

Ishibashi Tanzan(b. 1884), Japanese statesman and politician.

Ishii Kikujiro(1866-1945), Viscount - major Japanese diplomat.

Ishii Shiro(June 25, 1882-1959), military figure.

Ishihara Kanyi(1889 - 1949), Japanese military figure, lieutenant general. In 1933 he commanded the 4th Infantry Regiment. In 1935 he headed the department of the Operational Directorate of the General Staff, and in 1937 he became the head of the entire directorate. Engaged in planning military operations in China. In 1937 he was appointed deputy chief of staff of the Kwantung Army. In 1937-1938 he was commander of the Manchurian garrison zone, one of the most influential Japanese officers in Manchukuo. In 1938 he retired. In 1939 he returned to the service and was appointed to the post of commander of the 16th division. Retired since 1941.

Isogai Rensuke(1886 - 1967), Japanese military figure. From 1937 he commanded the 10th Infantry Division stationed in Manchuria. On January 19, 1942, after the establishment of the Governor-General in Hong Kong, he was placed at the head of it. I. was entrusted with the tasks of defending the territory and military administration. The Hong Kong garrison (3 infantry battalions) was transferred to I.'s subordination, and operationally subordinated to the commander-in-chief of the expeditionary forces in China. Surrendered to British forces. After the war, he was charged with war crimes and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Itagaki Seishiro(1885 - 12/23/1948), Japanese military figure.

Itagaki Taisuke(1837-1919), Japanese politician.

Ichikawa Shoichi(1892-1945), leader of the labor movement in Japan.

Ito Genboku(1800-1871). Outstanding doctor. Studied Western medicine under Philipp Franz von Siebold. In 1826 he founded the School of Western Science, where he taught many scientists and physicians. In 1858 he was appointed physician to the shogun. Genboku set up a vaccination center in Edo and was the first Japanese physician to administer the smallpox vaccine. *

Ito Zakuchu(1716-1800). Artist and printer. The son of a wealthy shopkeeper, Zakuchu lived and worked in Kyoto near the markets. He specialized in graceful images of birds that roamed his garden. He belonged to the Kano school, but was influenced by Chinese academic painters of the Yuan and Ming dynasties, whose works were present in the Shokokuji collections. Settling in this temple after 1788, Zakuchu began writing works on Buddhist themes and scenes from life in Shokokuji. It enjoyed relatively little fame and was rediscovered only at the end of the 19th century. *

Itō Jinsai(1627-1705). Confucian philosopher (Japan).

Itoh Keisuke(1803-1901). Physician and botanist. Ito specialized in the study of medicinal herbs (honzoku). Using as a model Carl Peter Thunberg's Flora Japonica, donated by Philipp Franz von Siebold, Taisei honzo meiso wrote in 1829. This book uses the Latin names of plants arranged according to the Linnaean classification. *

Ito (Ito) Seiichi(1890-1945), naval officer.

Itoh Hirobumi(1841-1909), Japanese statesman.

Ito Yuko- admiral in the 19th century.

Ihara Saikaku(1642 -1693). Writer and poet. Saikaku was one of the most significant authors of the Edo period. See Chapter 8 "Language and Literature". *

Yokoyama Isamu(1889 -?), Japanese military figure, lieutenant general. In 1929-32 he was the head of the department of the Planning Board of the Research Council. In 1933-34 he was the head of the department of the Economic and Mobilization Directorate of the Military Ministry. From 1934 commander of the 2nd regiment, in 1936-37 chief of staff of the 6th division. In 1937 he headed the Planning Department, and in 1939 - the 1st Department of the Research Council. In 1939 he was appointed commander of the 1st division. From 1941 commander of the 4th Army in Manchuria. Since March 1943, commander of the 11th Army in China. 11/22/1944 transferred to the post of commander of the Western Army stationed in the Japanese Islands. In 1945 the army was reorganized into the 16th Front, deployed on the island of Ryukyu.