Customs declarant, his duties and powers and rights. Easy profession – Customs declarant What is a declarant

Customs declarant is engaged in the creation and execution of documents necessary for the import or export of goods, interaction with representatives of customs points. The specialist works with individuals and legal entities, being an indispensable employee. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in economics and law (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).

Brief description

A customs declarant is a person who acts as a link between the parties to the transaction and customs control. The profession is quite popular, because all companies working in the field of foreign trade need such specialists. If the company has a customs declarant on staff, then export and other customs procedures are carried out much faster, safer and cheaper.

To work in this area, excellent legal, economic and linguistic training is required, because the customs declarant must know at least 1 foreign language, which is necessary for preparing documents and communicating with representatives of foreign companies. The profession appeared several decades ago, its popularity is due to a significant increase in the volume of goods. Please note that the specialist must be a citizen of the country in which he operates.

The work is very responsible, because any mistakes will lead to a slowdown in the registration process, penalties, and cargo delay. A young specialist and a person who has decided to change his field of activity by taking specialized courses will have to study the Customs Code of the Russian Federation from cover to cover, the basics of foreign trade activities and gain other knowledge that prevents force majeure.

Features of the profession

Experienced customs declarants can easily find work in their specialty, because the service market needs such experts. This employee not only works with documents, but also interacts with representatives of other companies and advises management. It is he who is looking for ways that will help reduce the cost, optimize or speed up customs procedures. The responsibilities of a specialist include a huge amount of work:

• registration of customs declarations and documents, checking for compliance, selection of HS codes;
• participation in customs inspections, transaction assessment, if necessary;
• entering information into electronic registers, maintaining an archive and storing documents;
• preparation and provision to the responsible authorities of a package of documents and permits necessary to perform various procedures;
• conducting business correspondence, sending requests for missing documents;
• training of young employees;
• control of cargo movement and deadlines;
• monitoring of all changes in legislation;
• calculation of customs duties, payment of customs duties, delivery of amounts of money, ensuring their correct reception and storage, reporting.

A specialist must fully protect the interests of the company for which he works, preventing force majeure, penalties and other unpleasant situations. The scope of responsibilities depends on the place of work, area of ​​activity, volume and nature of exported or imported goods.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros

1. There are a sufficient number of vacancies; you can work at the company permanently or go to a company specializing in providing customs clearance services.
2. High wages, allowances and bonuses based on performance results.
3. The opportunity to gain knowledge through retraining courses with a diploma of specialized education.
4. While working for the company, an employee receives guaranteed social protection.
5. For prospective customs declarants, the employer can pay for accommodation, retraining or foreign language courses.
6. Working in this area provides continuous professional development.
7. Working conditions are simple; the declarant spends most of his working time in a well-equipped office.

Cons

1. Irregular working hours.
2. Daily stressful situations.
3. Huge responsibility for negligence and mistakes made during work.
4. Frequent business trips are possible.
5. Financial responsibility.
6. It is difficult to find a vacancy without 1-3 years of work experience.

Important personal qualities

Responsible and stressful work affects the character of the customs declarant, because these specialists are able to notice all the inconsistencies, are distinguished by caution, quick reaction, and communication skills. Their character should contain the following traits:

• learning ability;
• excellent memory;
• logical thinking;
• accuracy;
• punctuality;
• stress resistance;
• full dedication to work.

It is desirable that the customs declarant be able to drive a car, know 1-2 foreign languages, and have organizational skills.

Training to become a customs declarant

Applicants who want to work in this field can obtain a higher education by choosing the field of study “Customs”. People who have graduated from a university can undergo accelerated retraining by attending courses in their region.

Courses euroinst.ru in St. Petersburg

The duration of the course is 60 hours, you will have to attend classes in the evening, which is the optimal solution for working students. The program consists of 9 blocks, students are taught by current customs officers, which increases the effectiveness of the classes. The price of training is 14,800 rubles. during the promotion period.

Many companies source some of their products or materials for their manufacture from other countries. To do this, they definitely need to transport the cargo across the border. In this regard, such a profession as a declarant appeared. This is an employee who belongs to the category of specialists who are engaged in building relationships with customs control points in the process of transporting goods across the state border.

Its main functions are to declare the company's products, present them and present them to customs officials. The presence of such a specialist in the company allows it to save on transporting cargo through customs control points, which makes an employee of this profession very important for the company. In other words, the declarant is a valuable employee with a high level of remuneration who has a great influence on the company’s activities.

Where are you needed?

Specialists in this profession are in great demand in large companies whose activities are related to the foreign economy. This is due to the fact that companies engaged in the export and import of goods must, in any case, transport goods through customs.

Therefore, they need a competent employee who can carry out the declaration of goods to the benefit of the company. In some companies, these responsibilities can be performed by managers and logisticians. But if a lot of cargo passes through customs and there is enough work in this area, then an employee such as a declarant is an ideal solution for the company.

History of the profession

This profession appeared quite recently, just a couple of years ago. The thing is that the current level of the economy significantly affects the activities of different companies. It is very important for them to minimize costs as much as possible, including costs for customs control. Therefore, it is much more profitable for a company to hire an employee who will provide declarant services, including dispatch, transportation and customs clearance of cargo. This allows you to reduce costs compared to turning to intermediaries, customs brokers, who, in fact, perform the same type of work.

What should an employee do?

An employee holding this position is required to select and assign ETN codes for products according to a wide range of products, as well as work through the codes that were assigned earlier, completing them in a timely manner and registering them in SAP. In addition, the customs declarant must prepare a full package of documentation necessary for the full registration of goods at customs; he is responsible for processing declarations and transferring them to the relevant services.

The employee’s responsibilities include sending responses to customs requests, communicating with suppliers on confirming and agreeing on product codes. He also calculates payments and duties,, if necessary, corrects incorrectly specified data, and monitors changes in legislation and customs regulations, including in the preparation of documentation. In addition, some employers require the employee to perform additional functions, such as creating technical product lists and so on.

Requirements for the employee

When hiring an employee whose profession is a declarant, employers impose certain requirements on the applicant. Most often, he is required to have Russian citizenship, obtain a secondary technical or higher education in law or related to customs. Typically, employers require one to three years of work experience in customs clearance.

The employee is also required to know the rules for coding goods, customs legislation, at least its basics. The employee must be able to use a personal computer and know how to work in specialized programs such as Viola, Placeholder or Article. In addition, he must have skills in maintaining electronic documentation. Employers prefer applicants who are sociable and have an adequate knowledge of one or more foreign languages.

Salary

This employee's services are paid based on the duties he is assigned to perform. On average, a customs declarant receives approximately 50 thousand rubles. It is worth noting that the salary of such employees in large companies can exceed 100 thousand rubles. To ensure that the declarant fulfills his duties efficiently and wants to work for the benefit of the company, most often he is offered a full benefits package. Many companies have developed a system of bonuses for rewarding employees for work well done.

Rights

A declarant is a company employee who deals with customs shipments of goods and has the right to get acquainted with management decisions if they directly relate to his activities. He can offer management methods and solutions that will help make his work more efficient, and can also report to his superiors about identified problems if they are within his competence.

The employee has the right to request any information and documents necessary for him to perform his duties. He also has the right to attract other employees of the company to assist in performing the functions assigned to him and to demand that his superiors provide assistance in performing the work.

Responsibility

The responsibility placed on the declarant is quite serious. In addition to the fact that he must perform his functions efficiently and in a timely manner, any mistake can lead to serious financial losses for the entire company. He may be held accountable for violating the current legislation of the country within the framework of the criminal, administrative and labor codes.

He is also held liable for causing material damage to the company. Since the employee is required to minimize the company’s costs for customs clearance, he must be well versed in all issues related to this, and be able to rationally distribute the organization’s forces and resources for the fastest and most legal customs control of transported products.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that the profession appeared quite recently, its popularity and demand is growing every year. Now many educational institutions and labor exchanges offer declarant courses, since there are very few employees of the required level, and more and more companies are interested in the opportunity to hire such a specialist.

The economic system of our country and customs control involve a large number of clearances, code assignments and checks. Therefore, reliable and talented specialists who are able to correctly fill out all the paperwork will significantly save time and money for large and medium-sized companies. In this regard, such employees are valued by management and are often rewarded with bonuses for completed transactions.

When we do not know how to do something properly, we have to turn to a specialist in this field. If we don’t know how to fix a car, we go to a mechanic; if we are helpless in drawing up contracts, we go straight to a lawyer. The same applies to filling out customs declarations - the manager or employees of the company do not always have the necessary knowledge and experience to deal with this responsible matter. In such cases, the customs declarant comes to the rescue.

Currently, the legislation does not have a detailed definition of the declarant. In the Customs Code of the Russian Federation it was described as follows: a declarant is a person moving goods, or a customs broker (intermediary), declaring, presenting and presenting goods and vehicles on his own behalf.

In the Customs Code of the Eurasian Economic Union, the definition is given in a simplified version: “declarant” is a person who declares goods or on whose behalf goods are declared.

In fact, any of us can become a declarant. Let's take, for example, Anna Vladimirovna, who is going to bring 4 liters of local rum from Cuba. Since no more than 3 liters of strong alcoholic beverages can be imported duty-free into the territory of the Russian Federation, she will have to declare the fourth bottle - and in this case she will turn into a real declarant.

But in our article we will talk about the declarant as a profession. This word means a specialist who interacts with customs authorities upon the arrival of the cargo. His main responsibilities are the declaration, presentation and presentation of goods to the company.

We asked declarant Konstantin about the specifics of his work.

My schedule is rotating - two to two. But not everyone is like this - it depends on the company's policy. In the morning I come to work, pour myself a cup of coffee, and check my email. Every day, clients send us invoices and scans of various documents.

During the working day I fill out electronic declarations. My responsibilities also include being present during customs inspection of my clients’ goods.

In order to properly fulfill his duties, the declarant must have a wide range of knowledge, understand customs legislation, and promptly learn about the emergence of new amendments and bills.

In addition to the legal part of the question, the declarant must have the most complete information about your product.

Of course, knowledge of legislation and monitoring changes in it is the most important part of our profession.

The main legislative act for me is the Customs Code of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU TC), which during my work replaced the Customs Code of the Customs Union and the Customs Code of the Russian Federation.

No less important are the orders of the Federal Customs Service (FCS). We, declarants, must master Incoterms, the basics of economics and labor legislation, understand the forms of primary documentation for cargo and commercial work and the commodity nomenclature of foreign trade activities.

Incoterms- international rules in dictionary format, providing unambiguous interpretations of the most widely used trade terms in the field of foreign trade of a private nature, first of all, regarding the free transfer of responsibility from the seller to the buyer.

Declaration

The main responsibility of the declarant is divided into three main stages: preparatory, direct declaration, and final.

At the initial stage, the declarant collects various types of information. Before you start filling out the form, you need to select and assign codes to the products, study the documentation, and identify the missing ones.

I must collect as much information as possible about each product. Often you have to delve into complex technical documentation and communicate with certification authorities. I ask the clients themselves a lot of questions, sometimes tiring them.

I understand that they have little free time, they seem to have paid for my services and do not want to get into it.

But it is in their interests to help ensure that the cargo arrives at its destination faster. I ask them to answer as thoroughly and honestly as possible, so that customs officers do not have unnecessary questions. This is fine. The ones to be wary of are declarants who don’t ask questions.

At the main stage, the specialist collects all documents into a single set, checks the client’s customs payments, then fills out a declaration and sends it to the customs authority.

During the customs clearance process, the customs inspector often receives requests of various types. It is in my interests to answer each question as quickly and completely as possible.

If the client has given full information before submitting the declaration to customs, then, as a rule, he will not be aware of additional questions from customs. If the client ignored my demands, I can only resolve customs requests with his help.

Ultimately, it becomes clear to every importer that it is okay to prepare information in advance.

The final stage consists of entering information into your company’s database, communicating with the client about the completed clearance and questions from customs, and analyzing the further strategy for working with similar cases.

There is one more responsibility - this is counseling. I constantly answer someone’s questions - clients, colleagues...

Sometimes even customs inspectors turn to me for help. This is a necessary part of my work - many clients do not know (and are not required to know) the intricacies of customs clearance.

It is very important to make this procedure understandable and transparent for importers - next time the process will go much faster.

Where do declarants come from?

The best option is if the applicant for the vacancy of a declarant has a higher or secondary specialized education in the field of customs. Almost every city has courses to train these specialists. Practice shows that this position is often occupied by people with an economic education.

I completed a customs clearance course, and on the day of receiving our certificates, some of us were offered employment in the company. That's how I became a declarant. Among my colleagues there are former customs officers and people with an economic background.

So, as it turned out, the work of a customs declarant is quite multifaceted. Representatives of this profession must not only master customs law, but also have diplomatic communication skills. Moreover, the declarant must be attentive and responsible - any deficiency can lead to a delay in customs clearance, and, as a result, to losses for the client.

A person who is going to undergo customs clearance without the help of third parties must spend a lot of time and also be aware of the associated nuances. Therefore, we recommend using the services of customs declarants - the cost of their services will be repaid with your time and peace of mind.

); declares and presents vehicles on its own behalf. D. can only be a Russian person, with the exception of cases of movement of goods across the customs border of the Russian Federation by individuals not for commercial purposes and other cases determined by the State Customs Code of the Russian Federation.

Large legal dictionary. - M.: Infra-M. A. Ya. Sukharev, V. E. Krutskikh, A. Ya. Sukharev. 2003 .

See what "DECLARANT" is in other dictionaries:

declarant- a, m. déclarant. The organization that completes and submits the customs declaration and goods to the customs office. Izvestia 24. March 1989. Then, in the case of an unreturned exhibition, we begin, as they say, to put pressure on the organization that... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

A. A legal or natural person who has the right, granted by customs authorities, to export and import goods and property. B. A legal entity or individual reporting information about its activities to government agencies, including... Dictionary of business terms

declarant- 1. An enterprise, organization or individual who has a certificate for the right to export and import goods and property issued by customs authorities. 2. An individual or legal entity declaring or reporting some information about its... ... Technical Translator's Guide

Declarant- (in relation to customs rules) the declarant can be a person moving goods and vehicles, or a customs broker. Only a Russian person can be a declarant, with the exception of cases of movement across the customs border... ... Encyclopedic dictionary-reference book for enterprise managers

Declarant- 1) an organization or individual who has a certificate for the right to export and import goods and other property, issued ... Encyclopedia of Law

DECLARANT- in customs law, a person moving goods across the customs border, who declares goods or on whose behalf goods are declared. Declaration of goods is carried out by D. or a customs broker (representative) at the choice of D. tzh.... ... Legal encyclopedia