Tropical fish names. Freshwater tropical fish. Ocean Sunfish

No matter how many abilities fish have, there is one universal rule: They are tied to water. Mangrove rivulus have found a way around even this immutable rule. A small tropical fish that lives in the mangroves of North and South America can survive about 66 days without water and still remain active.

Small tropical fish Marble rivulus (lat. Kryptolebias marmoratus)

Marble rivulus reaches about 7.5 cm in length. Photo credit: D. Scott Taylor.

Marbled rivulus find shelter in shallow pools formed, for example, in crab holes or coconut shells. But when their habitat dries up, they settle in fallen trees.

The fish get to the right place by jumping, pushing off the ground with their tail, and in the same way they get into the trees through the holes made by insects.

On land, marbled rivulus undergo changes in gill morphology and their gills cease to function. After that, the fish breathes through the skin, and the animal becomes able to retain moisture and nutrients in its body for a long time. However, as soon as they are back in the water, they begin to breathe with the help of gills.

According to scientists, during the week spent on land, these fish do not have a decrease in metabolic rate at all, and they remain quite active.

However, marble rivulus are remarkable not only for their ability to live without water for a long time. These fish are hermaphrodites, and can produce both eggs and sperm, laying eggs fertilized by themselves.

Interestingly, some other fish can also live without water. For example, the frog clariid catfish, which inhabits water bodies in southeast Asia, can be on land for many hours.

And some lungfish living in the waters of Australia, South America and Africa (in particular, the protopter) are able to live out of water longer, but only at rest, they have to fall into a state of dormancy, a kind of fish hibernation.

As for the reason why the mangrove rivulus jumps onto land, Canadian scientists have suggested that he does this in order to cool down, since in hot climates the water temperature sometimes rises to 38 degrees Celsius.

To better understand this strategy, Canadian scientists at Brock and Guelph Universities heated water and then filmed the behavior of the fish with a camera that measures body temperature.

The fish were thrown out of the water when the temperature reached about 36 degrees Celsius. It became clear to the researchers that it was a reaction to heat. For 30 seconds, the fish rested on the damp filter paper they landed on.

The researchers did not repeat the experiment in the wild, but they believe the same thing happens there.

Ordinary fish die when overheated, so it is quite possible that this mechanism was developed by animals to escape in hot conditions.

Rivulus have also been found to leave the water for other reasons. Fish that live in small pools among mangrove trees jump to the ground if the water becomes acidic - when there is too much carbon dioxide (CO2) or too little oxygen.

They can also leave water if they want to avoid confrontation with the enemy. In order to make their maneuver, they arch their tails, and on land, enterprising fish move around wriggling their whole body.

A scientific paper on the rivulus' unusual strategy was published in Biology Letters.

Biologists also add that other "amphibious" fish can do the same. However, scientists have not caught any of them yet.

Pleasing to the eye with their bright colors, freshwater tropical fish have firmly established themselves in the hearts of both amateurs and professional aquarists. But if you are a beginner, then how not to get lost among such a variety of shapes, colors and requirements for keeping conditions? Let's talk about everything in order.

The main groups and the most popular types of tropical aquarium fish

Among the popular representatives of the characin-like order, one should single out such as distichoid, kerry, congo, nanostomus, phylomena, chilodus, etc. This group also includes piranhas, but not every professional decides to keep this type of tropical fish in his aquarium.

Popular representatives of the catfish order are species such as the so-called grumbling catfish (armored family), mohokiella, hiloglanis, hoplosternum, dianema, and others. Such tropical fish in an aquarium are valued for their functions - cleaning the bottom and walls of their habitat.

A detachment of perciformes in the tropical group are represented. Depending on the variety, the size range of individual fish can vary from 2 to 90 cm, and those belonging to this species have been consistently popular for many decades.

The most common tropical representatives of the carp order can be called,. Basically, these tropical fish are schooling, so it makes no sense to keep them alone.

Order carp-tooth-like: spawning pachypanhax, jordanella, and cinolebias, as well as viviparous, molly and known to almost every aquarist. Viviparous tropical fish of this order are considered an excellent option for beginners.

Video - tropical aquarium fish

And finally, the labyrinth squad: gourami, fighting fish, macropods, iris, atherine family. A feature of tropical fish of these species is the ability to breathe atmospheric air.

General conditions for keeping tropical fish

The main features of tropical fish are the demands on the temperature of the water in the aquarium and its oxygen saturation. An exception in terms of temperature conditions are macropods that can tolerate a significant drop in temperature, while labyrinths can do without aeration at all, but for other types of tropical fish, these rules remain relevant. Therefore, it is better to immediately purchase an automatic heater with the ability to control the temperature and organize proper aeration.

Otherwise, freshwater tropical aquarium fish do not require anything extraordinary. What can not be said about their marine and oceanic counterparts. That is why only 1-2% of the entire large army of tropical fish fans are engaged in them, while the rest prefer freshwater ones.

The seas and oceans are full of creatures that amaze the imagination.
Some of them can be seen in US aquariums. The editors present a selection of the 10 most bizarre species of tropical fish.

It lives in tropical latitudes, in the western part of the Pacific Ocean. The mandarin fish is one of the most colorful fish in the world. Its bright stripes and spots scare off larger fish, and it also secretes mucus for this.
If you want to see this sparkling fish without diving into the waters of Asia, then you can do it at the New England Aquarium Tropical Gallery in Boston.

The scorpion fish, being one of the most poisonous fish species on the planet, also mimics perfectly.
These fish are very beautiful, but it is better not to touch them - their spines secrete a poisonous secret that can sting badly. They can be viewed at the World Aquarium in Dallas.

leafy sea dragon

Sea dragons are one of the strangest groups of fish, and in this group, leafy sea dragons are one of the most bizarre species.
The leaf-like outgrowths that cover their bodies help this species of fish to camouflage themselves in the surrounding seaweed. Their habitat is the southern coast of Australia, you can see them in the "Aquarium of the Pacific" in Long Beach.

The Longhorn cow fish got its name from the horn-shaped outgrowths protruding from the head. When this fish is hungry, it sinks to the sandy bottom and catches its prey. You can see the Longhorn cowfish at the National Aquarium in Baltimore.

Sea needle, belonging to the group of sea horses, is a very bizarre fish. She has a long, tube-shaped muzzle with a tiny mouth at the end. There are more than 200 species of this fish in the world. You can see some of them at the Audubon Aquarium of the Americas in New Orleans.

The chest fish has a cubic shape, and it is both very strange and very attractive. Most species of this saltwater fish rarely grow more than a few inches in length and are therefore a favorite in aquariums. You can see the fish at the Oregon Coast Aquarium in Newport.

Stone fish - one of the varieties of scorpion fish, is the most poisonous known fish on the planet. She lies at the bottom of the ocean, stalking her prey. If you want to see this fish without the risk of being bitten, you can do so at Ripley's Aquarium of the Smokies in Gatlinburg.

Frogfish are a favorite of divers and come in many shapes, sizes and colors. A total of 45 species are known. All of them have interesting features. For example, their ability to mimic a changing environment, change their shape, and hunt using a worm-like, writhing outgrowth on their head as bait. There are many of these fish in different aquariums around the world. For example, they can be viewed at Shedd Aquarium in Chicago.

The predatory eel is not really an eel; it is a type of catfish.
These very pliable fish can bite hard if disturbed. They also grow up to 8 feet in length. The fish prefer to spend time in caves and rock crevices, and you can look at them without the risk of being bitten at Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta.

Ocean Sunfish

Sunfish or Mola Mola is the heaviest bony fish in the world and one of the most unusual. Watching these strange tailless fish is often the ultimate goal of diving in tropical waters. You can see them at Monterey Bay Aquarium.

According to USA Today newspaper

Aquarium fish are popular among pets. Silent and do not take up much space, do not require specific care and a lot of time. Having caught fire with the idea of ​​​​acquiring a couple of ornamental fish, you need to find out in detail about the features of each species and the requirements for maintenance, and when buying, navigate the names of the fish.

The title of favorites deserve unpretentious or interesting inhabitants. The most popular aquarium fish get along well with their neighbors and are adapted to different conditions. Studying the catalog with a list of fish, a novice aquarist can be confused due to the huge number of varieties. Therefore, we have compiled the names of all common aquarium fish in an alphabetical list for easy perception.

A distinctive feature of these loaches is an elongated body, reaching 12 cm in length in adults. Unpretentious and non-conflict, they do not require a large space. The period of activity of aquarium fish falls at night, during the day they are rare. The behavior is characterized by digging among the soil in search of food, which plays a role in cleaning the aquarium.

Akara

Won sympathy among lovers of aquatic pets due to grace and conspicuous appearance. reach 25 cm in length, grow rapidly. Fish of this species are difficult to care for and need a large aquarium, designed for 300-500 liters. You will need deep water filtration. It is highly not recommended to add fish of other species. It is worth avoiding sharp decorations and providing them with shelters.

Small specimens of aquarium fish of the carp family amaze with a variety of species. They are omnivorous, love subdued light and easily adapt to different conditions.

The presented species of loaches will look very impressive in a spacious aquarium due to the yellow-orange color with dark stripes. In nature, bots live in flocks, therefore, for a comfortable existence, three fish are placed in one vessel. Difficult to content.

cichlids

Combination of several thousand species. Often aggressive, while caring parents. A popular family of fish with specimens of different shapes, colors and sizes. Unpretentious and easily adapt to any conditions.