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Direction

"Man and society"

Rekhovskaya Olga Mikhailovna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

MAOU ""School № 60"

Ulan-Ud city uh The Republic of Buryatia


5. "Man and Society"

For the topics of this direction, the view of a person as a representative of society is relevant. Society largely shapes the personality, but the personality is also able to influence the society. Topics will allow us to consider the problem of the individual and society from different angles: from the point of view of their harmonious interaction, complex confrontation or irreconcilable conflict. It is equally important to think about the conditions under which a person must obey social laws, and society must take into account the interests of each person. Literature has always shown interest in the problem of the relationship between man and society, the creative or destructive consequences of this interaction for the individual and for human civilization.


  • Harmonious interaction of man and society;
  • Confrontation between man and society;
  • Social norms and laws, morality;
  • Man and the history of society.
  • Man and society in a totalitarian

state.


Introduction

“It is impossible to live in society and be free from society,” the words of V. I. Lenin reflect the essence of the relationship between man and society ... Each of us can both harmoniously interact with others, and is in a difficult confrontation with them or even enter into an irreconcilable conflict . We must understand that we must obey public laws, and society, in turn, must take into account the interests of each person. The topic proposed for analysis makes me think about this and many other things: “….”

I think… I think…. In addition, fiction has always shown interest in the problem of the relationship between man and society, the creative or destructive consequences of this interaction for the individual and for human civilization. (101 words)


Sample Topics

Public opinion rules people. Blaise Pascal

Don't rely on public opinion. This is not a lighthouse, but wandering lights. André Maurois

Nature creates man, but society develops and shapes him. Vissarion Belinsky

People with character are the conscience of society. Ralph Emerson

Can a person remain civilized outside of society?

Can one person change society?

How does society affect a person?

Man is a creature so flexible and in social life so receptive to the opinions of other people ... (Ch. Montesquieu)

People's characters are defined and shaped by their relationships. (A. Morua)


Literature

  • E. Zamyatin "We"
  • M. A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"
  • F. M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment",
  • A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene Onegin"
  • L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
  • M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
  • D.S. Likhachev "Letters about the good and the beautiful"
  • M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
  • A. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"
  • I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov"
  • M. Sholokhov "Quiet Flows the Don"


  • Utopia(Greek τοπος - “place”, ου-τοπος - “not a place”, “a place that does not exist”) - a genre of fiction that describes a model of an ideal, from the point of view of the author, society .
  • An example of an envisioned desired future.

The name of the genre comes from the work of the same name. Thomas More

.

  • "A golden little book, as useful as it is funny, about the best organization of the state and about the new island of Utopia" .

  • AT first part "Utopia" is given not only a critique of the existing order, but also a program of reforms
  • In second part More's humanistic ideas:
  • at the head of the state is a "wise" monarch;
  • private property has been abolished, all exploitation has been abolished;
  • despite the presence of the king - full democracy

  • rural community;
  • Island;
  • City

Utopian principles

  • Comprehensiveness (the greatest idea of ​​the ideal);
  • Reflection of the best commandments of the Bible
  • No private property.

  • Dystopia is the complete opposite of utopia.
  • Dystopia - bringing to its logical end the ideas of utopia.
  • V Akimov: "An anti-utopia - an order of the 20th century"

  • E. Zamyatin "We"
  • A. Platonov "Pit", "Chevengur"
  • O. Huxley "Brave New World"
  • D. Orwell "Animal Farm", "1984"
  • G. Wells "Time Machine"
  • Strugatsky Brothers "Inhabited Island"
  • S. King "Running Man"
  • T. Tolstaya "Kys"
  • Anatole France - "Penguin Island" and others.

“We” is a mirror in which any regimes based on the suppression of the human personality, etching the soul out of a person recognize themselves.

M. Pavlovets

"We" is the happiest arithmetic mean

E. Zamyatin


Briefly about the content

The novel is written in the form of a diary kept by a citizen of the United State. His name is D-503. More precisely, it is his "room". There are no names here, because even they can influence the formation of personality, which does not accept The Benefactor is an omnipotent and omniscient ruler .

From the first diary entries, we learn about the structure of life in the United State. Everyone here wears the same clothes - unifs, and only their color identifies gender. Each has a number written on it. In fact, the people living here are not citizens either: everyone calls each other like that - numbers.


D-503 is one of the talented scientists, a great mathematician who, like many other residents of the United State, is working to create INTEGRAL- a spacecraft, which in the near future will have to go with the crew to explore distant planets.

The United State is fenced green wall, behind which the so-called savages live - people who remained there after the Great Bicentennial War.


The theme of love and family in the novel "We"

In the novel "We" the relationship between a man and a woman is shown in a very unusual way. AT United State such a feeling as love is reduced to pure physiology - you just need to take a special pink ticket. Most often, D-503 occurs with O-90- a short curvaceous girl. The main character lives like this - according to the schedule regulated by the Tablet of Hours. But still, the hero D-503 is lucky: he falls in love. His measured life is changing dramatically and the reason for this is the love for a revolutionary I-330 Love for I-330 finally confirmed the "I" in him, he became a person capable of feeling, experiencing. Love in D-503 changed his life, stirred his soul.


D-503 together with I-330 and with other revolutionaries achieved what they wanted. The wall was blown up, the numbers saw savages for the first time in a long time, chaos ensued in the United State. Some managed to escape - there, to freedom. However, all those who managed to be detained (among them the main character) are subjected to Great Operation, which deprives imagination and Soul. Those who were the main organizers of the explosion, including I-330, are executed with the Gas Bell.





The Problem of Betrayal

Informing in a totalitarian state is equated to a feat.



In the word "we" - a hundred thousand "I" Big-eyed, mischievous, Black, red and linen, Sad and funny In cities and villages!




Obedience to the state

Man in the system of social order in the work E. Zamyatina "We"

Man

Nature

Art

Sincerity

Kindness

Tenderness

Fantasy

Understanding

own

Opinion

Feeling

responsibility

Individuality

Service

United State

Rationalism

Material calculation

Innate instincts

Humility

unanimity

Facelessness

Screw in the system


Political analogy novel "We" and the Soviet Union

Benefactor

head of state

Operational

the Department

The Bureau

guardians

Party

management

NKVD

eavesdroppers

peeping

devices

Soviet

militia

Army

tablet

state apparatus

Dictatorship majority

Camera

performers

Dictatorship parties

Dictatorship party apparatus

Dictatorship one man

This work will always be relevant as a warning about how totalitarianism destroys the natural harmony of the world and the individual.


With his novel, E. Zamyatin solves a number of the most important universal and political problems:

  • freedom and non-freedom of the individual;
  • lack of individuality and promotion of collective consciousness;
  • clashes between man and the state;
  • The destructive power of a totalitarian state for the individual and for human civilization.

Imperfect is the society that destroys individuality, the ability to reason and think independently, to dream, to love, to create.

It's getting scary!

But this is exactly what the writer wanted to achieve.


The problem of the pragmatism of art

The element of creativity is forcibly tamed and placed at the service of society. It is worth paying attention to the titles of books that testify to the utility (pragmatism) of art in this world: a collection of poems "Flowers of Court Sentences", the tragedy "Late for Work", "Stanza s about sexual hygiene.



To the essay

This novel immerses us in a society where all material problems have been solved, where all life, work and even love is subject to rules, schedules. All people are the same, like ants, life is mechanically measured, numbered. Everything and everyone is ruled by a machine for suppressing dissent - the "Bureau of Guardians".

The novel "We" is a warning about what the rejection of individuality can lead to. The writer, revealing important problems, showed how destructive a totalitarian state can be and how tragic the lives of those who happened to be part of it.


Plan

Introduction

The problem of the new man in Griboedov's comedy Woe from Wit

The theme of a strong man in the work of N.A. Nekrasov

The problem of a lonely and superfluous person in a secular society in the poetry and prose of M.Yu. Lermontov

The problem of the poor man in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment

The theme of folk character in the tragedy of A.N. Ostrovsky Thunderstorm

The theme of the people in the novel by L.N. Tolstoy War and Peace

The theme of society in the work of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin Lord Golovlev

The problem of the little man in the stories and plays of A.P. Chekhov

Conclusion

List of used literature

Introduction

man society Russian literature

Russian literature of the 19th century brought to the whole world the works of such brilliant writers and poets as A.S. Griboedov, A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, N.V. Gogol, I.A. Goncharov, A.N. Ostrovsky, I.S. Turgenev, N.A. Nekrasov, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, F.M. Dostoevsky, L.N. Tolstoy, A.P. Chekhov and others.

In many works of these and other Russian authors of the 19th century, the themes of man, personality, people developed; personality was opposed to society (Woe from the Wit of A.S. Griboyedov), the problem of an extra (lonely) person was demonstrated (Eugene Onegin A.S. Pushkin, Hero of Our Time M.Yu. Lermontov), ​​a poor person (Crime and Punishment F.M. . Dostoevsky), problems of the people (War and Peace of L.N. Tolstoy) and others. In most of the works, as part of the development of the theme of man and society, the authors demonstrated the tragedy of the individual.

The purpose of this essay is to consider the works of Russian authors of the 19th century, to study their understanding of the problem of man and society, the peculiarities of their perception of these problems. The study used critical literature, as well as the works of writers and poets of the Silver Age.

The problem of the new man in Griboedov's comedy Woe from Wit

Consider, for example, a comedy by A.S. Griboedova Woe from Wit, which played an outstanding role in the socio-political and moral education of several generations of Russian people. It armed them to fight against violence and arbitrariness, meanness and ignorance in the name of freedom and reason, in the name of the triumph of advanced ideas and genuine culture. In the image of the protagonist of the comedy Chatsky, Griboyedov for the first time in Russian literature showed a new person, inspired by lofty ideas, revolting against a reactionary society in defense of freedom, humanity, mind and culture, cultivating a new morality, developing a new view of the world and human relations.

The image of Chatsky - a new, intelligent, developed person - is opposed to the Famus society. In Woe from Wit, all Famusov's guests simply copy the customs, habits and outfits of French milliners and rootless visiting rogues who got rich on Russian bread. All of them speak a mixture of French and Nizhny Novgorod and go dumb with delight at the sight of any visiting Frenchman from Bordeaux. Through the mouth of Chatsky, Griboyedov, with the greatest passion, exposed this unworthy servility to a stranger and contempt for his own:

So that the Lord destroyed this unclean spirit

Empty, slavish, blind imitation;

So that he would plant a spark in someone with a soul.

Who could by word and example

Hold us like a strong rein,

From pathetic nausea, on the side of a stranger.

Chatsky loves his people very much, but not the Famus society of landowners and officials, but the Russian people, hardworking, wise, powerful. A distinctive feature of Chatsky as a strong man in contrast to the prim Famus society lies in the fullness of feelings. In everything he shows true passion, he is always ardent in soul. He is hot, witty, eloquent, full of life, impatient. At the same time, Chatsky is the only open positive character in Griboyedov's comedy. But it is impossible to call it exceptional and lonely. He is young, romantic, ardent, he has like-minded people: for example, professors of the Pedagogical Institute, who, according to Princess Tugoukhovskaya, practice splits and disbelief, these are crazy people prone to learning, this is the nephew of the princess, Prince Fedor, a chemist and botanist. Chatsky defends the rights of a person to freely choose his occupation: travel, live in the countryside, focus his mind on science or devote himself to creative, high and beautiful arts.

Chatsky defends the folk society and ridicules the Famus society, its life and behavior in his monologue:

Are not these rich in robbery?

They found protection from court in friends, in kinship.

Magnificent building chambers,

Where they overflow in feasts and prodigality.

It can be concluded that Chatsky in comedy represents the young thinking generation of Russian society, its best part. A. I. Herzen wrote about Chatsky: The image of Chatsky, sad, restless in his irony, trembling with indignation, devoted to a dreamy ideal, appears at the last moment of the reign of Alexander I, on the eve of the uprising on St. Isaac's Square. This is a Decembrist, this is a man who completes the era of Peter the Great and tries to see, at least on the horizon, the promised land ....

The theme of a strong man in the work of N.A. Nekrasov

The material was prepared by Natalya Alexandrovna Zubova, the creator of the online school "SAMARUS".

Essay on the topic: "Man and Society"

A person interacts with society throughout his life. That is why writers have addressed, address, and will continue addressing the topic “Man and Society”.

Many writers have tried to create a model of an ideal society that would be built on respect, in which the potential of each person would be revealed. This is how social utopias were created. A. Sumarokov wrote the story “The Dream of a Happy Society”, in which the sovereign and government authorities in the country are guided by the principle of common good. Every person dreams of living in such a society!

Dreams of an ideal society are beautiful, but reality dispels them. Writers come to write dystopias that tell about a society in which negative development trends have prevailed. One of my favorite works is D. Orwell's novel "1984". It describes the life of society under a totalitarian regime. It is not surprising that in the socialist countries the work more than once fell victim to censorship. In my opinion, this is the most terrible book: the authorities seek to control the whole life of a person, down to his thoughts. Power makes a living person a robot. Terrible is the fate of those who are against this system!

The contradiction between society and the individual is vividly described in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov is a student, and, as usual, with financial problems. He decides to kill an old pawnbroker, who for Raskolnikov is the personification of the social injustice of Petersburg in the 19th century. He decides to take from the rich and give to the poor. That is, he sought to make life better. But does the end justify the means?

Raskolnikov could continue his studies, find a job. It was worth trying - and a normal future would open before him. But he chose a different path. The confrontation between Raskolnikov's personality and society ended in defeat for the individual.

Man and society are inseparable components of being. It is always difficult for a person who stands out from the crowd. Unfortunately, it is the crowd that determines the nature of society.

Man and Society is a new direction for earnest writing in 2017-2018. To understand the essence of the problem, you need to pick up a few precise arguments and examples from the literature. The best writers of all time will help us with this. Among the main arguments, the following points can be distinguished: Harmonious connection between society and man. Why is this connection so important? Confrontation between man and society. What is it based on? What are the main problems? Conflict between man and society. Is this an eternal conflict? Can it be passed or will it remain so for ages? In what cases is society obliged to protect a person and protect his interests? Where is a person indebted to society? When should he serve the community? It is impossible to escape from the problem of man and society, since we are each at the epicenter of events. Our main task is to understand the principles of these relations as early as possible and move in the right direction. After all, we will not see the result of our actions soon. Years will pass, and only then will we understand whether we were right or wrong all the time. There are many examples in the literature about the relationship between man and society. For example, Eugene Onegin was so afraid of outside opinion that he was ready to participate in a duel with his friend, with a young guy who was going to get married, with a man whom he set up himself. Also in this final essay, you can show examples of when society was unhealthy and one person had to go against it. In Turgenev's work "Mumu" we observe how the serf mode completely distorted the normal relations between man and society. There could not be born something normal and adequate. In the work of Tolstoy "After the Ball" also showed a similar picture. The first scene is a wonderful ball where everyone is nice and kind. And the second scene is a terrible execution and bullying that comes from the orders of "nice" people. I think that we should think about the problem of man and society from school age. Only in this way can we build something strong and powerful.


Source: http://www.kritika24.ru/page.php?id=13280

EXAMPLES OF ESSAYS ON THE THEMATIC DIRECTION "INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY"

EXAMPLES OF SCHOOL ESSAYS ON THE TOPIC "INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY"

The problem of the relationship between man and society has always occupied the best minds of mankind. Many philosophers and writers tried to find or create that ideal society in which the potential of each of its members would be revealed, where each individual would be treated with respect and understanding, in a word, to create a social utopia.

But the last centuries have shown that no matter how beautiful dreams are, reality always dispels them. Many scientists believe that the best social structure was in the city-states of Ancient Greece and that nothing like this has been created since then.

However, I am sure that every reasonable person should try to contribute to the improvement of relations in society. There are several ways to do this.

One of them, the path of enlightenment writers, is to gradually change the worldview of readers, to reform the very system of values. In this way, they tried to help society D. Defoe, who showed with his work "Robinson Crusoe" that an individual human person can really do a lot, J. Swift, who clearly depicts social injustice in the novel "Gulliver's Travels" and offers ways of salvation, and others.

But there is another way, which throughout history has been resorted to, perhaps too often: radical, that is, revolutionary. Such a way out is inevitable when the contradictions between society and the individual have intensified so much that they can no longer be resolved by negotiations. Examples of such situations are the bourgeois revolutions in England and France.

In literature, the second, radical, method was most clearly expressed, in my opinion, in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Student Raskolnikov, whose life cannot be called easy, decides to kill an old money-lender, who for him personifies all the social injustice of the reality of Petersburg in the 19th century. To take away from the rich and give to the poor is the goal of his idea. By the way, this was also the goal of the Bolsheviks, who also sought to improve the situation of people, so that the one who “was a nobody” would become “everyone”, without thinking, however, that it’s impossible to endow a person with abilities and talent just like that. In principle, the goal of making life fairer is noble. But should we forget about the means by which this is achieved?

Raskolnikov had another opportunity. He could continue his studies, start giving private lessons, the future was open to him. But that would require too much work and effort. It would be much easier to kill the old woman, rob her and start doing good deeds. Fortunately for Raskolnikov, he is too smart and begins to doubt his "rightness" (the crime led him to hard labor, but then comes an epiphany).

The confrontation between the personality of Raskolnikov and the society of St. Petersburg in the 60s of the XIX century ended in the defeat of the individual. A person who stands out from society is generally hard in life. And the problem is often not so much in the society itself, but in the crowd, crushing the personality and turning bright colors into gray.
One of the classics once said that each person individually is wise, but the crowd is stupid. But, unfortunately, it is the crowd that determines the nature of our society. Therefore, until the moment when there is harmony in relations between the individual and society, if this, of course, ever comes at all, for many, many more years.

Essay-reasoning on the thematic direction Man and society

For each person, the society in which he rotates is important. Isn't man himself responsible for his actions? Of course, by myself, but we all, one way or another, depend on those who are nearby, just like they depend on us. Sometimes it is the environment that dictates our actions, because the law of collective decision works. How often in life one has to observe changes in human character and behavior, how sometimes people change quickly depending on their environment. That is why parents always make sure that the child is friends with good people. Surrounded by decent educated people, everyone tries to be no worse. In a bad society, a person is ready to forgive himself not only minor shortcomings, but also unworthy deeds. After all, society does not condemn this, and sometimes even encourages evil. Maybe a person would never have discovered the worst traits in himself if bad society and environment had not contributed to this.

This is exactly the situation that Panas Mirny described in his novel “Do oxen roar when the manger is full?”. After all, when Chipka (the protagonist of the novel) made friends with dubious people - Lushnya, Motnya and Rat, then all the good that was in him disappeared somewhere. Instead, he became cynical and evil, beginning his bad deeds with theft, and then moved on to robbery. The writer paints a vivid picture of the moral fall of man. The author shows us how his so-called comrades get drunk in Chipka's house. And Chipka himself does not pay attention to the fact that his comrades insult his mother. He still yells at her. It was his shameful choice, which became fatal for Chipka. He soon reached the point of murder. Nothing human was left in him, since he allowed himself to follow unworthy people.

Of course, the environment of a person affects his character and his personality as a whole. But how strong and decisive this influence will be depends only on the person himself. A person must have his own inner core, which will help him not to break when the people around him begin to put pressure on him. It may be difficult and difficult for the child to resist the influence of his environment. And in this case, adults should help the child overcome the negative influence and develop that saving core in himself. Unlike a child, an adult always has the right to choose. He can choose his goals and his environment. Only from him will depend on what his life will be. Each person has only one life, which he lives here and now. We have the right to choose the friends we deserve. And you should always choose those who appreciate you. And not those who underestimate you. Because it makes no sense to choose those who do not share our successes and for whom we are needed only for the sake of our own self-affirmation.


Personally, I believe that it is impossible to abstract from society, being a man, that is, a biosocial being. This was said by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin himself. One way or another, we are all born already in society. We are also dying in society. We have no choice, everything is already predetermined before our birth, before our ability to choose. But in the hands of everyone - his future and, possibly, the future of the people around him.

So can one single person change society?

Personally, I believe that nothing is impossible, that absolutely anyone can achieve something, and then control the masses, thereby deforming society, the social system. But if you are very poor, unknown, uneducated, then it will be very difficult for you to change anything without making great efforts. Thinking over the question of this essay, I immediately remembered several works of art in which the problem of the relationship between man and society is raised.

Thus, the protagonist of the work "Fathers and Sons" by Turgenev, Yevgeny Bazarov, is a vivid example of a person who goes against society, against the established foundations in this very society.

As his comrade Arkady said: "He is a nihilist." This means that Bazarov rejects everything, that is, he is a skeptic. Despite this, he is unable to come up with something new. Eugene is one of those people who only criticize, attract more and more people to their views, but without any specific, alternative ideas and views. Thus, as we see throughout the novel, Bazarov only argues with the older generation, without saying anything specific in return. His business is to deny, and others will “build”. As we see in this example, Bazarov fails to change society - he dies at the end of the novel. Personally, I think that the main character was ahead of his time, was born when no one was ready for change.

In addition, let us recall the novel "Crime and Punishment" by F. M. Dostoevsky. The protagonist of this work, Rodion Raskolnikov, develops his own theory about "trembling creatures" and "having the right." According to her, all people in the world are divided into "lower" and "higher". The former can be killed by the latter without any consequences or punishment. The protagonist cannot be 100% convinced of it, which is why he decides to check it on his own. He kills the old pawnbroker, thinking that everyone will only get better from this. As a result, for a long time after the murder of the hero, mental anguish and conscience torment him, after which Rodion confesses to the crime he has committed and receives his second punishment. In this example, we see how the main character had his own idea, a theory that did not spread among people and died in the head of its creator. Rodion could not overcome even himself, so he could not change society in any way.

Discussing the problem of this essay, I came to the conclusion that one person can in no way change the whole society. And the given examples from the literature helped me in this.

Updated: 2017-10-25

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In world and Russian literature, the problem of the relationship between man and society is one of the most important. A person lives in a society, and many of his actions or actions, one way or another, involve interaction with society. However, this same area is also the most problematic, because often the motives of an individual person do not coincide with the motives of society.

Basic rules for writing a paper

How to get a high mark on the essay "Man and Society?". The first stage of writing should be the formulation of the main idea - this will be the topic of the essay. Also, any reasoning consists of theses and arguments that substantiate them. The student can put forward theses according to personal convictions that he has on issues of interaction between man and society. The essay should also contain an introduction and a conclusion. It is also worth remembering that in the main part of the work you need to avoid information that is not directly related to the main topic.

Development occurs only in society

It can be emphasized, for example, that a society can survive without a single individual, but not vice versa. For example, according to the great Russian scientist L. S. Vygotsky, a person, first of all, is a social being. Without interaction with the senior members of society, he will never be able to develop in himself the qualities that have appeared as a result of the evolution of all mankind. Confirmation of this is the "mowgli" children who were raised by animals. Even in adulthood, they can no longer master speech, counting, the ability to think abstractly, the ability to properly handle a variety of tools and objects that were developed as a result of the historical development of society.

How does a person learn behavior?

In the essay “Man and Society”, the student can emphasize that the development of the child is subject not only to the biological laws that operate in the animal world, but also to the influence of socio-historical patterns. Biological development occurs due to the influence of hereditary mechanisms, as well as through the acquisition of individual experience. Man, the scientist says, has no innate forms of behavior. Its development occurs by imitation of adults.

School: the first experience of communication

The essay "Man and Society" is a good way for the student himself to reflect on the topic of what role society plays in his life. After all, an educational institution is not just a place where students come to receive knowledge. It is here that the first serious interaction between the individual and society begins. Play and communication are elements for successful personal development. After all, a happy person is one who knows how to interact with the outside world, build comfortable relationships.

dissent

In the essay on the topic "Man and Society" one can also touch upon the problems of dissent. After all, society often does not accept those who dare to think differently than the majority. Each person has his own ideas about how to live, his own beliefs and ideas. And no one has the right to take them away from a person. However, the differences between the beliefs of an individual and society are only a mini-model, according to which many laws of nature function. And so dissent cannot be ignored. In fact, in any society there are always at least two opposing forces. For example, in the political structure of many countries there are left, right and center parties. In America, the struggle is traditionally fought between Democrats and Republicans, and in England - between Labor and Conservatives. The same confrontation is observed in nature - the gene of a living being mutates or remains in the same state.

In the essay “Man and Society”, the argument on this issue may sound like this: society should be tolerant of the dissent of a single person, since it is inherent in nature. Each representative of the society should treat with tolerance the opinion of his opponent, his right to think differently. One person prefers to eat only vegetables, while everyone around is accustomed to the presence of meat in the diet. This is not at all a reason for society to somehow discriminate against this person.

Opinion of a person and the position of society

As a rule, the stage of education, when schoolchildren are asked to write an essay “Man and Society” at home, is grade 11. At this time, schoolchildren can no longer be called kids - they turn into young people with their own opinions on various issues. In the process of working on this essay, students have the opportunity to describe those problems in this area that are closest to them. Indeed, often the interaction between the individual and society can be both positive and negative. In the novel by the Strugatsky brothers “Ugly Swans” there are lines: “A she-wolf teaches her cubs: “Bite like me” ... a hare teaches a rabbit: “Get away like me.” But a man teaches a cub: “Think like me,” and this is already a crime.”

If attempts to think independently are not successful

Independent thinking of a single individual is often perceived by society as a real betrayal. For example, a young person may say that he does not believe in higher powers, does not want to receive a higher education diploma, or, for example, wants to create his own political party. Often he can come across a negative reaction from society - ridicule, denial, humiliation, scandals, blackmail. Sometimes young people have to fight so fiercely for their ideals that they simply forget about their content. Even having lived to an advanced age, they continue to try to defend themselves, not remembering the meaning of their ideas.

The versatility of the problem

Yes, society often suppresses the individual. However, a person cannot live separately from other people - he certainly needs comrades and friends, those who will support him in difficult times. An example of the essay "Man and Society", which is described in this article, contains several different views on the possible ways of interaction between the individual and society. The student can choose those thoughts that will be closer to his own worldview. This problem is multifaceted, and it is impossible to say unequivocally whether a person can survive without society, and society - without a single individual.

Examples from the literature

In the essay on literature “Man and Society”, the student can illustrate this topic with examples from various works. For example, in the immortal novel "War and Peace" L. N. Tolstoy reveals the problem of the duality of high society at the beginning of the 19th century. The reader has the opportunity to observe the external beauty of the members of society, their moral principles, which came from Europe. However, here the writer also emphasizes unnaturalness - simulated smiles, indifferent faces. On the other hand, Tolstoy presents the reader with individual members of society - noble and sensitive. These are Pierre Bezukhov, Natasha Rostova, Andrey Bolkonsky.

The problem of interaction between man and society is no less acute in Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. The main character of the novel is a real genius who was able to write a masterpiece. However, after the Master wrote the book, he does not receive recognition - on the contrary, he is persecuted. He receives reviews full of fury from pseudo-writers from MASSOLIT. As a result, society forces the Master to destroy his work. He ceases to be a part of this nasty society and finds peace in love for Margarita.

In the essay, one can also mention the bleak world described by A.I. Solzhenitsyn in his novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. People no longer have names - there is only a serial camp number. The life of an individual has lost its value, and the habits of the inhabitants of the camp are becoming more and more like animals - all they think about is the satisfaction of their basic needs. But Ivan Denisovich does not want to turn from a man into an animal, remaining capable of showing sympathy for his neighbor. Its opposite is the camp guards, who turned the prisoners into real slaves. Violating human laws, they exclude themselves from society.

The role of personality in history

There have been many great people in history, thanks to whom scientific and technological progress and political transformations took place. Sometimes the role of one person in the fate of millions of people is difficult to overestimate. For example, thanks to the actions taken by Winston Churchill to coordinate the efforts of different countries, the Second World War was completed. Thanks to Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin, humanity is no longer defenseless against infectious diseases. Such may be the role of man in society. The student's essay may contain other examples from history when the actions of one person turned out to be saving for his people or even the whole world.