Unusual ships. The strangest ship in the world - RP Flip
The US Navy Research Division owns the most unusual ship in the world. This is an unusual oceanographic equipment in the form of a floating platform Flip.
This platform was created at the Marine Research Laboratory in Oceanography at the University of California. Flip is not entirely a vessel, but all researchers live and work on it in the open ocean for quite long periods of time.
We can say that this is a huge specialized buoy that has amazing property– flip over (Flip - literally translated as “turn over”).
The length of the ship is 108 meters. There are small narrow compartments along the entire length and a large hollow compartment at the end. While the long tanks are filled with air, the Flip is in a horizontal position, and when they are filled sea water, it is like a float leveled above the sea surface, which provides it with very great stability during strong storms. When it is necessary to return to a horizontal position, the water is released and the vessel can be transported to a new location.
The internal parts are arranged for two positions of the ship. For example, the cabins have two doors, making it easy to move to a new position. Toilets and some elements in the kitchen are duplicated here. The duration of the entire coup process is 28 minutes, which is quite fast for such a huge ship.
It is known from history that this changeover ship was built 50 years ago, in 1962, by scientists Fred Fisher and Fred Spiess, who needed a quieter and more stable vessel to study the behavior of sound waves underwater.
The purpose of creating Flip was to study wave heights, acoustic signals, water temperature and its density. Everything has been thought out in order to carry out this research here: in order not to interfere with acoustic instruments, the vessel has no engines, and it constantly needs to be towed to the research site, where it will be anchored. In a vertical position the vessel becomes extremely stable and quiet.
The US Navy Research Division owns the most unusual ship in the world. This is an unusual oceanographic equipment in the form of a floating platform Flip. This platform was created at the Marine Research Laboratory in Oceanography at the University of California. Flip is not entirely a vessel, but all researchers live and work on it in the open ocean for quite long periods of time. We can say that this is a huge specialized buoy that has the amazing property of turning over (Flip - literally translated as “turn over”). 
The length of the ship is 108 meters. There are small narrow compartments along the entire length and a large hollow compartment at the end. While the long tanks are filled with air, the Flip is in a horizontal position, and when they are filled with seawater, it floats like a float above the sea surface, which gives it very great stability during strong storms. When it is necessary to return to a horizontal position, the water is released and the vessel can be transported to a new location. 
The internal parts are arranged for two positions of the ship. For example, the cabins have two doors, making it easy to move to a new position. Toilets and some elements in the kitchen are duplicated here. The duration of the entire coup process is 28 minutes, which is quite fast for such a huge ship. 
It is known from history that this changeover ship was built 50 years ago, in 1962, by scientists Fred Fisher and Fred Spiess, who needed a quieter and more stable vessel to study the behavior of sound waves underwater. 
The purpose of creating Flip was to study wave heights, acoustic signals, water temperature and its density. Everything has been thought out in order to carry out this research here: in order not to interfere with acoustic instruments, the vessel has no engines, and it constantly needs to be towed to the research site, where it will be anchored. In a vertical position the vessel becomes extremely stable and quiet.
"France II" is a French five-masted barque. It is considered one of the largest sailing ships in the history of shipbuilding. Laid down at the shipyards "Chantiers et Ateliers de la Gironde" in Bordeaux in 1911. The total length is 146.20 m.
The ship was used for cargo transportation on the route Europe - New Caledonia. The ship was also spotted in ports in Australia, Northern and South America. Mostly ore, coal and wool were transported. In 1922, on July 12, 43 miles from the capital of New Caledonia, Nouméa, the France II hit a reef and was abandoned by its owners.Ship achievements:
In 92 days, coal was delivered from the city of Glasgow to New Caledonia.
In 90 days, the ship reached London from New Zealand, rounding Africa from the south.
During the First World War, 90 mm cannons were installed on board.
On February 27, 1917, on the way to America, a sailing ship managed to elude a German submarine after dark.
In 1919, the ship's engines were dismantled.
In 1944, the ship, which until that time had been aground, came under the gun American bomber. The remains of the ship, scattered after the training bombing, are still under water.
In France, there is a project called “Renaissance France II”.
Specifications:
Displacement - 10,710 tons
Length along the upper deck - 131.90 m
Midship width - 16.90 m
Engines - Sails + diesel engines with a power of 2 × 900 hp.
Sail area - 6,350 m² (you can make a large tent)
Speed - 17.5 knots, under sail; 10 knots, under engine
Crew - 50 peopleThe only seven-masted sailing ship in the world:
For thousand-year history shipbuilding, people have created many ships and vessels various types and classes, each of which has its own destiny. Among sailing ships had their own giants. One of the largest is the sailing ship "Thomas W. Lawson". She is a steel seven-masted, double-deck schooner built at the Fore River Ship & Engine Building in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1902 for the Coastwise Transportation Co., Boston. The sails were made by E.L. Rowe & Sun Gloucecester.” The sailing ship is named after the famous yachtsman Thomas W. Lawson and about $240,000 was spent on its construction. Initially, the schooner was planned to take part in sailing regattas, But material benefit The company's owners quickly determined the functionality of the ship.
With the rapid development of industry, the need for coal, which was transported by Atlantic Ocean. The need for profitability and the reluctance of company owners to increase wages for sailors led to the construction of large sailing ships with a small number of crew.
________________________________________________
Victory was Admiral Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar. This most famous three-decker ship of all that existed has survived in its unchanged form to this day. The ship was built at the naval dockyard in Chatma and launched on May 7, 1765.
In 1805, Victory was armed with thirty thirty-two-pounder guns located on the lower battery deck, twenty-eight twenty-four-pounder guns on the upper deck, thirty twelve-pounder guns on the main deck, ten twelve-pounder guns on the quarterdeck, two twelve-pounder guns and two sixty-eight-pounder carronades on forecastle
On October 21, 1805, Nelson's flagship Victoria, leading the fleet to defend the coast of England from Bonaparte, eventually, thanks to competent command, defeated the joint Spanish-French fleet under the command of Admiral Villeneuve.Even at dawn, he ordered a change from a marching formation - five wake columns - to a combat formation - one wake column.
The first column approached the enemy's allied squadron. At 12:30 p.m., her flagship Royal Sovereign cut through the enemy formation under the stern of the Saint Anne, which was sixteenth from the end. Nelson's intended creation of quantitative superiority in the direction of the main attack by cutting through the formation at the twelfth French ship from the end was not achieved due to a miscalculation in maneuvering. The following English ships cut through the formation one by one, subject to ineffective broadsides from the Allies, while the longitudinal salvos of the English ships were very effective.
"Victoria" was subjected to fierce artillery and rifle fire, as a result of which the English squadron lost control. During this shelling, Nelson was mortally wounded by a French non-commissioned officer firing from the mast of the Redoutable, and died before the end of the battle. But the British did not lose heart and continued the battle with even greater ferocity. The battle lasted 11 and a half hours! The Allies lost 18 ships (17 were captured, one burned) and more than 6 thousand people killed, wounded and prisoners.
The British lost 3 thousand people. The English ships were so badly damaged that they were unable to bring the captured French ships to their bases. Some of them were repulsed by the French the next day, while others sank during the assault.
The American naval research unit owns some rather strange oceanographic equipment, in particular, the floating platform Flip, created at the Laboratory of Marine Research and Oceanography at the University of California. The Flip is not exactly a vessel, although researchers live and work on it for quite long periods of open ocean research. In fact, this is a huge specialized buoy, and the most unusual thing about it is that it actually turns over (Flip - literally translated as “turn over”)... Let's find out more about this floating miracle.
The Flip is 108 meters long, with small narrow compartments along almost the entire length and a large hollow compartment at the end. When these long tanks are simply filled with air, the Flip is in a horizontal position, but when they are filled with seawater, it floats like a float above the sea surface, which gives it very great stability during strong storms. When the water is released, the vessel returns to a horizontal position and can be transported to a new location.
Everything inside is arranged in such a way that when turned over, everything adapts to new position. The cabins have two doors, making it easy to move to a new position. Toilets and some elements in the kitchen are duplicated here. The entire process of turning over takes 28 minutes, which is quite fast for such a giant.
This shifter was built 50 years ago, in 1962, by scientists Fred Fisher and Fred Spiess, who needed a quieter and more stable vessel to study the behavior of sound waves underwater.
Flip was designed to study wave heights, acoustic signals, water temperature and water density. To avoid interfering with acoustic instruments, the vessel has no engines and must be constantly towed to the research site where it will be anchored. In a vertical position the vessel becomes extremely stable and quiet.
Already during the very first tests, a lot of important data was collected on water circulation, the formation of storm waves and the movement of seismic waves, the temperature interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere, the sounds of marine animals and many other important areas. 
Since ancient times, a powerful and well-organized navy was crucial for any country that fought for world domination and cared about its own security. Therefore, over the past 100 years in different countries Thousands of powerful battleships and aircraft carriers were built around the world. This review is about the largest warships in the world.
1. "Akagi"
Akagi is an aircraft carrier that was built for the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was in service from 1927 to 1942 and took part in the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. Then the Akagi was heavily damaged during the Battle of Midway in June 1942 and was then deliberately scuttled. The length of the ship was 261.2 m.
2. "Yamato"
The Yamato-class battleships were built for the Imperial Japanese Navy and served during World War II. With a displacement of 73,000 tons, they were the heaviest battleships in history. The length of such a ship was 263 m. Although it was originally planned to build 5 Yamato-class ships, only 3 were completed.
3. "Essex"
The backbone of the US Navy's combat power during World War II was the Essex-class aircraft carrier. There were once 24 of these ships, but today only 4 survive and are used as museum ships.
4. "Nimitz"
Nimitz-class supercarriers are 10 nuclear-powered aircraft carriers built for the US Navy. These ships, 333 m long and weighing more than 100,000 long tons when fully loaded, were the largest warships in history. The ships have participated in many battles and operations around the world, including Operation Eagle Claw in Iran, the Gulf War, Iraq and Afghanistan.
5. "Shinano"
Shinano is a 266.1 m long, 65,800 ton ship that was the largest aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. However, with deadlines pressing, the warship was sent into battle without correcting several serious design and construction flaws. She eventually sank just 10 days after she was commissioned on November 29, 1944.
6. "Iowa"
In 1939-1940, by order of the US Navy, 6 battleships Iowa class, but only 4 were ultimately completed. They served in several major American wars, including World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The length of these battleships was 270 m, and the displacement was 45,000 “long” tons.
7. Lexington
Two Lexington-class aircraft carriers were built for the US Navy during the 1920s. The warships proved extremely successful and served in many battles. One of them, the Lexington, was sunk in the Battle of the Coral Sea in 1942, and the other, the Saratoga, was destroyed during testing atomic bomb in 1946.
8. "Kyiv"
Also known as Project 1143 Krechet, the Kiev-class aircraft carriers were the first aircraft-carrying anti-submarine cruisers built in the Soviet Union. Of the 4 Kiev class vessels that were completed, 1 was decommissioned, 2 were mothballed, and the last one (Admiral Gorshkov) was sold to the Indian Navy, where it is still in service.
9. "Queen Elizabeth"
Queen Elizabeth - 2 aircraft carriers currently under construction for the British Royal navy. The first, Queen Elizabeth, will be ready for use in 2017, and the second, Prince of Wales, is scheduled for completion in 2020. The length of the ship is 284 meters, and the displacement is about 70,600 tons.
10. “Admiral Kuznetsov”
The Kuznetsov class ships are the last 2 aircraft carriers built in the Soviet Navy. Today one of them, Admiral Kuznetsov (built in 1990) is in service Russian fleet, and the second, Liaoning, was sold to China and completed only in 2012. The length of the ship is a staggering 302 m.
11. "Midway"
The Midway-class aircraft carriers were among the longest-serving aircraft carriers in history. The first of them entered service in 1945 and was decommissioned only in 1992, shortly after participating in Operation Desert Storm.
12. "John F. Kennedy"
Nicknamed "Big John", the USS John F. Kennedy is the only ship in her class. It was a 320 m long aircraft carrier that was even capable of effectively fighting submarines.
13. "Forrestal"
In the 1950s, 4 Forrestal-class aircraft carriers (Forrestal, Saratoga, Ranger and Independence) were designed and built for the US Navy. It was the first supercarrier to combine high tonnage, aircraft lifts and a corner deck. The ships were 325 m long and had a displacement of 60,000 tons.
14. "Gerald R. Ford"
The Gerald R. Ford is a supercarrier that is being built to replace some of the existing Nimitz-class carriers. Although the new ships have a hull similar to the Nimitz aircraft carriers, they have introduced new technologies such as electromagnetic system aircraft launches, as well as others design features, designed to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs. Also, the Gerald R. Ford warships will be slightly larger than the Nimitz (their length will be 337 m).
15. "USS Enterprise"
The world's first ship to transport aircraft with nuclear weapons, the Enterprise (342 m long) was the longest and perhaps also the most famous warship in history. She remained in service for 51 consecutive years, longer than any other American warship, and was used in numerous battles and wars, including the Cuban Crisis. Vietnam War, the Korean War, etc.