What are isolated members of a sentence. The concept of isolation in Russian
Separate minor members sentences, depending on the strengthening or weakening of their semantic role, can be separated from the rest of the members with the help of intonation.
The members of the sentence, distinguished by meaning and isolated in pronunciation, are called isolated members of the sentence.
Most often, common (expanded) members of the sentence are isolated, as well as groups homogeneous members.
Separated words on both sides are separated by commas. For example: It was September, windy and wet. Feeling the bottom with his feet, Grigory plunged waist-deep into the soda.
Separate definitions.
A common definition is isolated if it comes after the noun with which it is agreed. For example: The forests, full of darkness, stood motionless. Every work, large and small, argued in the hands of Lukashka. There were trees covered with frost in the garden.
A separate definition, expressed by a participle with words related to it, is called a participial turnover. For example: A garden littered with snow was visible through the windows. The hunters got out into a clearing overgrown with reeds.
Two or more definitions without dependent words standing after the defined word are separated. For example: March night, cloudy and foggy, enveloped the earth.
Definitions expressed by participles and adjectives with dependent words and standing in front of the noun being defined are isolated when the speaker gives them a causal or concessive meaning. For example: Touched by the devotion of an old friend, Dubrovsky fell silent.
Definitions are always isolated if they refer to personal pronouns (usually they have an additional circumstantial value). For example: Tired, she fell silent. To you, angry, no one will come up.
Less commonly, inconsistent definitions expressed by a noun are isolated. Such definitions usually stand after the word being defined and closely merge with it in meaning. For example: An old man with a blue beard came out.
Definitions after the word being defined and expressed by nouns in oblique cases are usually isolated if they refer to personal pronouns or proper names. For example: He stands, pale, in the middle of the main road.
Separate "applications.
Applications are isolated in any position if they carry dependent words and refer to a common noun. For example: Light rain, a harbinger of autumn, sprinkles the ground.
Applications, single and with dependent words, are isolated: if they refer to a proper name, they stand after it and have a pronounced clarifying meaning. For example: A. S. Popov, the inventor of the radio, was born in 1859.
Applications, single and with dependent words, are isolated in any position if they refer to a personal pronoun. For example: I, your old matchmaker and godfather, came to put up with you. We, the gunners, were busy around the guns.
Separate circumstances expressed by gerunds.
The circumstances expressed by gerunds with dependent words are isolated. For example: Pushing me away, my grandmother rushed to the dbury. Grandmother, pushing me away, rushed to the door. Grandma rushed to the door, pushing me away.
Two or more gerunds without dependent words are also isolated. For example: Swaying and sparkling, the shelves are moving. Moving, swaying and sparkling, shelves. Shelves move, swaying and sparkling.
Single gerunds are not isolated, answering the question k and k? and standing at the end of the sentence, since in this case the participles take on the meaning of adverbs. For example: The boy was reading a book lying down.
Separate circumstances expressed by nouns with
prepositions.
Circumstances expressed by nouns with prepositions can be isolated if they are common and come before the predicate. For example: Due to the lack of space in the bay, the cruisers kept to the open sea.
Circumstances of place and time, clarifying the circumstances after which they stand are usually isolated. For example: In the evening, after dinner, we left.
Circumstances are always isolated with the pretext despite (Forests, despite the tropical heat, were not distinguished by tropical splendor.)
Circumstances expressed by nouns with prepositions are often isolated thanks to, according to, contrary to, if present, etc. For example: Thanks to my mother, I know foreign languages. Savelich, in accordance with the coachman's opinion, advised him to turn back.
Separation of minor members
Punctuation in a sentence with isolated members
Isolation- this is the selection of two characters (commas or dashes) of any constructions. It is with two signs - this separation differs from the separation, for example, of homogeneous members, where the sign is not double.
Secondary members differ from the "primary" ones (subject and predicate) in that they are not included in the grammatical basis. That is, without them, the sentence as a unit of the message can exist. Usually, the distinction between the main and secondary members of the sentence does not cause difficulties. However, there are cases when a seemingly “quite minor” member turns out to be actually part of the predicate or subject, since without it the sentence is uninformative, meaningless.
Planes are ready to take off.
Telepathy is an unsolved and alluring phenomenon.
Type Basics Planes stand or Telepathy is a phenomenon do not allow you to understand what the speaker wanted to say, so it is necessary to expand the composition of the predicate. In this case, there are no secondary members in the proposal, and there is simply nothing to apply the rules for their isolation.
So, if we managed to separate the basis of the sentence from the secondary members, then the next task is to determine which of the secondary members is in front of us: definition(or its variation - application), addition or circumstance. There is typical ways expressions of minor members: definition is usually an adjective or participle, addition- noun, circumstance - adverb. However, not always one part of speech appears only in a single syntactic role.
For example, a noun can also be a definition ( plaid dress, house around the corner), and addition (letter to sister), and circumstance ( write to the village).
The members of the proposal are reliably determined only by questions:
definition: what? whose?
app: which one? (expressed by noun)
addition: who? what? and other questions of indirect cases
circumstance: where? where? when? why? for what purpose? in spite of what? as? how? in what degree? to others
Why is there reliability? Then, in order to accurately select the necessary rule: for a circumstance - the rule of isolating exactly the circumstances (and not additions, for example).
Given that the isolation of additions is optional in most cases, let us dwell on the rules for the isolation of the remaining secondary members.
Definitions can be agreed (red dress, flying birds) and inconsistent (what dress? - polka dots, man - what? - in Hat). Inconsistent definitions are optionally isolated, the absence of a sign, as a rule, is not qualified as an error. For agreed definitions, the rule is more strict. It is difficult to imagine a text, for example, an essay, in which there would be no separate definitions. Therefore, knowledge of this rule is absolutely necessary.
1. To decide whether to isolate or not, two factors (or conditions) are most relevant:
1) the position of the definition in relation to the word being defined;
2) how the definition and the word being defined are expressed.
After the defined word, the following are separated:
a) common definitions;
b) single homogeneous definitions.
Compare: The dawn, which broke out in the east, was shrouded in clouds. The dawn that broke out in the east was shrouded in clouds. The world, sunny and fragrant, surrounded us. A sunny and fragrant world surrounded us.
Notice how the punctuation changes depending on the position of the definition in relation to the word being defined.
2. Always (i.e., regardless of position) stand apart:
a) definitions related to the personal pronoun;
b) definitions “torn off” from the word being defined (there are other members of the sentence between them);
c) definitions that have an additional meaning, for example, reasons (you can ask them a question from the verb-predicate why?)
Thrilled by the experiences of the day I didn't sleep for a long time. Them, exhausted didn't even want to talk. Narrow and transparent hatches in the sky for a month. Blinded by darkness The old man stood motionless for a long time. (why?)
Isolation- this is semantic and intonational allocation of sentence members in order to give them a certain semantic and syntactic independence in the sentence.
AT oral speech they are distinguished by intonation, and in writing they are separated or distinguished by punctuation marks.
Different members of a sentence stand apart on different reasons. In one case, the minor members of the sentence stand apart because in their meaning in the sentence they approach the predicate. In other cases they stand apart because they are used in the sentence as something additional, introduced to clarify any member of the sentence or to report something additional about it.
All isolated members are divided into two groups: isolated members with the meaning of an additional predicate and detached members with refinement value .
I. The meaning of an additional predicate can have separate definitions, applications and circumstances.
These members of the sentence can be easily replaced by a predicate.
Compare: 1) The sea, which had calmed down during the night, was now barely splashing in the rocks. - The sea calmed down overnight and now it barely splashed in the rocks; 2) Excellent mechanic, he easily fixed the malfunction in the motor. - He easily fixed the malfunction in the motor, because he was a great mechanic; 3) Passing several stations without stopping, the train stopped only in Lyubertsy. - Train passed several stations without stopping and stopped only in Lyubertsy.
Separate definitions are expressed by participial phrases, single and homogeneous participles and adjectives, as well as phrases consisting of adjectives or nouns with dependent words.
For example: books, read as a child, are remembered all my life; And the forest, silent, dark, stretched for many miles around(Bunin) ; I lived my life full of surprises (Paustovsky) ; Kolya, in his new jacket with gold buttons, was the hero of the day(Turgenev).
Separate circumstances can be expressed by participial phrases, single participles, as well as nouns with prepositions in spite of, in spite of, in spite of, due to, in spite of, due to and etc.
For example: Large drops of rain crashed on the ground, turning into dust and tiny splashes (Soloukhin); Despite the weather we decided to perform(Obruchev).
Standalone add-ons most often expressed by nouns with prepositions except for, besides, beyond, except for, including and etc.
For example: Except wild birds and animals, not a single soul showed up near the monastery(Chekhov).
All isolated members of the sentence can also be expressed by comparative turns with unions as, as if, as if, as if and etc.
For example: You walk through dry pine forests, like on a deep expensive carpet; The room was flooded with steady light, like a kerosene lamp (Paustovsky).
II. The refinement value can have various isolated members of the sentence, which instantiate the preceding members being qualified. A clarifying member will be considered such a member of the sentence, which, being after its syntactic counterpart, will narrow the transmitted concept or limit it in some respect.
In other words, the clarifying circumstance of time should come after the circumstance of time, the definition after the definition, but the meaning of the second should be narrower and more specific than the first. The role of clarifying members is the circumstances of place, time, mode of action, definition and application.
For example: From South, from the steppe ridge, warm and wet snow was falling; Razmetnov on the second day, in the evening, ran to Davydov(Sholokhov). These sentences specify the circumstances of place and time (the most common cases).
Connecting structures are separated, which contain additional comments or explanations inserted in the middle or at the end of a sentence. Such constructions are usually attached with the words even, especially, in particular, for example, in particular, mainly, including, moreover, and moreover, and(in the sense of "and moreover"), yes, yes, and, yes, and yes and etc.
For example: It was very warm, even hot(Chakovsky); There is a lot of nobility in people, a lot of love, selflessness, especially in women (A. Ostrovsky); And Rudin spoke of pride, and spoke very well (Turgenev); What is a sculptor to do here, and even a bad one?(Turgenev); Already in the Caucasus I learned and not from the captain that he was badly wounded four times...(L. Tolstoy); There was only one road and, moreover, wide and furnished with milestones so it was impossible to get lost.(Korolenko); Let these people yes and many others remember what happened. It seemed that everything including forests and fields, moves to the west, but it is impossible to go and go to the east(Kazakevich)
Separation conditions
In order to understand why some minor members of the sentence stand apart , while others do not, why in some cases isolation mandatory, and in others optional, it is necessary to take into account the conditions segregation .
Separation conditions- these are the factors that favor the semantic and intonational separation of the members of the sentence.
The most common and most prerequisite capabilities segregation is the lack of close connection of the minor member with the main word. First of all, this is manifested in the fact that isolation is allowed only by “optional” members of the sentence - those that are not necessary with the main word: definitions, applications, circumstances. On the contrary, those members of the sentence that are associated with the transfer of the main, and not additional content, are not subject to separation.
For example, definitions are not isolated, without which the noun is unable to fully designate an object or circumstance: Instead of a cheerful Petersburg life, boredom awaited me aside deaf and distant (A. Pushkin). Additions, most often acting as an obligatory member of the sentence, closely related to the main word, are also not subject to isolation.
In this way, separation conditions- this is all that contributes to the weakening of the connection with the main word and the strengthening of the semantic significance of the most secondary member.
On the isolation syntactic, morphological and semantic conditions influence.
Syntax conditions:
1. Word order:
There is a normal (direct) and an unusual (reverse) word order (inversion). Yes, at direct order words, an agreed definition comes before the word being defined, and an inconsistent one - after the word being defined, an additional action, called a gerund, - after the main one, indicated by the predicate. If a minor member of a sentence is placed in an unusual place for it in a sentence, then by doing so it stands out, it is especially emphasized - its semantic significance is enhanced.
Therefore, among the agreed definitions, those that stand after the word being defined are usually isolated, and among the circumstances expressed by single gerunds, those that stand before the predicate.
For example: He, do not stop, ran and he ran do not stop.
2. Distant position of the minor member of the sentence in relation to the main word (separation of the secondary member of the sentence from the main word) .
For example: And again, cut off from tanks by fire, infantry lay down on a bare slope(M. Sholokhov).
Such a separation of the definition from the word being defined is unusual and leads to an increase in its semantic weight. And this makes it necessary to isolate such a definition.
3. Volume of the isolated member (common members of the sentence are isolated more often than non-common members) or the presence of two or more homogeneous secondary members .
For example: Bucket full of dew, I brought from the forest(S. Marshak) and Bucket full to dial, I spared no effort(S. Marshak).
, unusual for a given minor member of the sentence (the appearance of an additional meaning in the minor member), when the minor member explains not only the word to which it is directly subordinate, but also any other member of the sentence.For example, an agreed definition is isolated, even before the word being defined (direct word order), if this definition has an additional adverbial meaning: And emaciated by effort and deprivation the old man went to bed(the participial phrase before the word being defined is isolated here because it also has a circumstantial (causal) meaning).
Morphological conditions of isolation
Sometimes isolation depends on the presence in the composition of the selected member of the proposal of a certain grammatical form or a service word of a certain lexical and grammatical category, i.e. isolation in this case, it is connected with the morphological way of expressing the minor member.
participles, short forms adjectives and participles that act as definitions, combinations with comparative conjunctions (comparative turns), some combinations of nouns with prepositions, the presence of introductory words usually form separate secondary members.
For example: When the letter was ready and I was about to seal it, I went in, visibly angry, warden(V. Korolenko). In this sentence, the single (non-spread) agreed definition angry, standing in front of the noun being defined, is isolated, since it refers to introductory word visible (which, by the way, is not separated by a comma from the definition).
Almost always (except for some special occasions) the circumstances expressed by gerunds and participles are separated.
Short forms of adjectives and participles in the modern Russian language are fixed in the function of the predicate. Relatively rarely (mainly in poetry) they are used as definitions (which refer to the subject), retaining the meaning of the additional predicate, which makes them isolation mandatory, regardless of location.
For example: The air oscillates transparent and clean (N. Zabolotsky); Rich, good-looking, Lensky was accepted everywhere as a groom(A. Pushkin); Awakened at the usual hour she got up by candlelight(A. Pushkin).
comparative union, how as a rule, requires intonational emphasis on turnover: The stuffy air is still, like the water of a forest lake (M. Gorky).
Semantic conditions of separation
The absence or presence of a close semantic and syntactic connection between a minor member of a sentence and the word to which it refers is sometimes determined by the semantics of the word being explained. The more concrete, the more definite the meaning of a word, the less it needs to be spread, the weaker the ties with it of secondary members, which are therefore easily isolated.
For example personal pronouns "do not recognize" ordinary definitions, one cannot say: I'm attentive, he's angry(compare: attentive student, angry person). Therefore, definitions related to the personal pronoun are always isolated.
For example: And he, rebellious, asks for a storm...(M. Lermontov).
If the word being defined is a proper name or refers to terms of kinship (mother, father, grandfather, grandmother and the like), then this can also contribute to the isolation of the definition.
For example: Grandfather, in my grandmother's katsaveyka, in an old cap without a visor squints, smiles at something(M. Gorky).
On the contrary: with nouns that are too general in meaning ( person, thing, expression and similar), the definitions form a single whole, because a noun without a definition cannot participate in the formation of an utterance.
For example: This delusion is common even to people smart and educated; Things have happened funny, touching and tragic (V. Astafiev) - definitions in these sentences are necessary to express the main (and not additional) message.
In this way, detached minor members with an additional message value have :
semantic features: they introduce additional meaning into the sentence and, in terms of their semantic role in the sentence, approach the predicate, the subordinate clause;
grammatical signs: are only secondary members of the proposal (separate definitions, circumstances and additions);
intonation features: are pronounced with a special excretory intonation (intonation of isolation);
punctuation marks: on the letter are distinguished on both sides by commas.
A separate circumstance, expressed by a participle, is always distinguished by commas in speech and answers certain questions given in this article. Here are also exceptions when separating adverbial phrases in a sentence with examples.
What is a separate circumstance expressed by a participial turnover?
In russian language isolated circumstance expressed by adverbial turnover, is a minor member of the sentence, represented by a gerund with dependent words. It denotes a sign of action, depends on the verb-predicate and is always distinguished in writing by commas. Answers the questions - When? How? How? For what purpose? and etc.
Examples of sentences with isolated circumstances with adverbial turnover:
Moving furniture, we freed up space (we freed up - how? - moving furniture). Guys, hiding from the rain in a hut, discussed what they saw (discussed - when? - sheltered from the rain). Mom went to sleep kissing my son goodnight(went to sleep - when? - kissing son).
Exceptions when separating adverbial phrases in a sentence
A separate circumstance can be represented by two homogeneous gerunds or a gerund with a single gerund, which are used through the conjunction and. In this case, the whole circumstance is separated by commas, and not each participial turnover separately.
Examples: Girl, winding up a song and dancing walking through the park. Greeting an opponent and shaking hands to each other, the athletes got ready for the match.
In addition, the circumstances expressed by the adverbial turnover, do not separate:
- If the adverbial turnover is part of the phraseological expression.
Examples: They labored tirelessly all day. Worried about her brother, she spent the night without closing your eyes.
- If there is an allied word in the adverbial turnover which the.
Examples: Masha made an essay plan, following which she will write interesting story. Serezha had many friends, talking to whom he learned a lot.
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6. Separate members of the sentence
Secondary members of the sentence can acquire greater independence within the sentence, emphasized by intonation in oral speech and punctuation marks in writing. Eg. : Fluffy reins exploding, a remote wagon flies (P.); Onegin, my good friend, was born on the banks of the Neva (P.). Such secondary members are called isolated. The following factors contribute to their isolation:
1) a separate member of a sentence, usually widespread, significant in volume: this is a word with word forms that depend on it. This sign is relative, since a single gerund may also be isolated, and a common definition (expressed by a participle with dependent words), standing in a preposition, is not isolated;
2) inversion (unusual word order). This feature extends to the isolation of definitions. Wed: At last the DUSTED AND TIRED father arrived - At last the father arrived, DUSTED AND TIRED;
3) the presence of semantic connections that are not expressed by syntactic means. Such connections are emphasized by intonation. For example .: The road led to the south, TO THE VALLEY- before the clarifying component, you can put the union NAMELY. The clarification is emphasized intonation. If this sentence is pronounced with the usual intonation, then the second circumstance will not be isolated.
Separate members of a sentence perform the function of additional predicates: usually a sentence with isolation can be transformed into a complex one with two predicates or into two simple ones. For example .: Without wasting a minute, she jumps into the saddle (S. Zweig) - She jumps into the saddle + She does not waste a minute; A secular and educated person, he knows how to appreciate a good comedy (S. Zweig) - He is a secular and educated person, therefore he knows how to appreciate a good comedy. Such separate members are called semi-predicative units. In essence, isolation is a way to combine 2 messages in one sentence, one of which is the main one and the other is additional. Relations between the main and additional messages in sentences with isolated members are of 2 types:
1) logical relationship: between the components there is a connection causal, conditional, temporary, etc. For example. : Slow and cautious, this time she acted decisively (S. Zweig) - Although she is slow and cautious, but this time she acted decisively(logical assignment relations); After writing a letter, she thought - She thought after she wrote a letter(temporary relationship);
2) lack of logical plan connection: the sentence can be divided into 2 simple ones, not directly related to each other. Eg. : On a stream, pockmarked and motley, a leaf flies after a leaf - A pockmarked and motley stream + A leaf flies after a leaf.
Separate definitions and applications
The following groups of separate definitions are distinguished:
1. Definitions after the word being defined are always separated. Most often they are expressed in participial phrases, e.g.: A student READING A BOOK raised his head(in a preposition, such a construction will not be isolated: A student reading a book raised his head.)
Homogeneous definitions standing in the postposition are also isolated - adjectives, e.g.: And in a jet, DRY AND SHARP, a chill comes. In the absence of the union AND, adjectives may not be isolated: On the WINTER, BORING road, a three greyhound runs ... (P.).
Agreed and inconsistent definitions are always separated, separated from the main word by other members of the sentence, for example .: Olga to her, AURORA NORTHERN ALLEY AND EASIER SWALLOWS, flies in ... (P.).
Optionally, inconsistent common definitions standing in a postposition are isolated, for example. : The letter, IN A LONG BLUE ENVELOPE, lay on the table.
2. The definitions before the word being defined, in the preposition, stand apart less frequently, namely, if they enter into a relationship of logical conditionality with the word being defined. Usually, such definitions can be transformed into a subordinate clause by substituting a circumstantial conjunction or the word BEING. For example .: WEASEL-LIKE, the stoat differs from it in its larger body size and black tip long tail- BEING LIKE A WEASEL, ermine... - ALTHOUGH THE ERMIN IS LIKE A WEASEL, it is different from it... The same applies to applications e.g.: IMPRESSIABLE FORTRESS, this castle is designed for defense - BEING IMPRESSIABLE FORTRESS, this castle ...
Definitions and applications are always isolated for personal pronouns. Eg. : TIRED, she didn't notice anything; A REALIST WITH A HIGHLY DEVELOPED SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY, she sees a vocation in power.
Applications are separated under the same conditions as definitions. A feature of applications is that they can be preceded by explanatory conjunctions THAT IS, OR (= that is), for example .: Cyclamen, OR MOUNTAIN VIOLET, one of the most beautiful flowers; Astronomy, THAT IS THE SCIENCE OF THE NAMES OF THE STARS, was originally part of astrology.
Applications that are closely related to the word being defined are not isolated, for example. : MOSCOW-river, swimming beetle. Also, the application is not isolated in the construction “common name + proper name”: city of TOMSK, Count ORLOV, CAT Vaska.
Let us especially note the definitions and applications, which are clarifying terms, before which the union AIMEMNO can be put. For example .: Uncle arrived in the evening, (namely) IVAN SERGEEVICH(in the absence of a clarifying intonation, we will not separate the application); The grass was tall, THE GROWTH OF A MAN.
Separate circumstances
Separate circumstances are mostly expressed by gerunds. The construction “participle turnover” is always isolated, in any place of the sentence, since it most clearly indicates additional predicativity, for example. : Lowering her head, she left the room. She left the room with her head down - she left the room with her head down. Single gerunds are also separated: SMILING, Sasha looked at them; Lisa, without listening to the end, went out of the room. However, single gerunds are not isolated if they are similar in meaning to adverbs of mode of action and closely adjoin the verb, for example. A: He stared without blinking; She shrugged silently.
Circumstances expressed by other parts of speech (noun, adverb, etc.) are isolated in the following situations:
1) if they specify other circumstances. This is a very common division. Before the qualifying member, you can put the conjunction NAMELY: He lived far away, (namely) AT THE MILL; Last year, (namely) IN AUTUMN, I somehow ended up in the village. With a different intonation (not specifying), these circumstances turn into heterogeneous members, then a comma is not placed between them;
2) circumstances are often isolated - special constructions with prepositions DUE TO, FOR THE REASON, IN CONNECTION, AS A RESULT, IN VIEW, FORCE, THANKS TO, ACCORDING TO, ON THE CONDITION, IN THE CASE, FOR THE PURPOSE OF, DESPITE, DESPITE, DESPITE THE, and under. These prepositions indicate logical conditionality, special adverbial meanings. For example .: AGAINST HYDROMETECENTRE PREDICTIONS, it started to rain(the value of the concession); ACCORDING TO THE ESTABLISHED RULES, it is forbidden to smoke on the bus(cause value); IN ORDER TO REDUCE COSTS, it is proposed to increase the workload(target value). It is recommended to separate such revolutions, although this is not always done. Only the turnover with the preposition DESPITE THE (DESPITE THE): DESPITE THE STRONG FROSTS, the students continued to study;
3) sometimes single circumstances are isolated, expressed by nouns or adverbs, if the author considers it necessary to single them out. For example .: The third simply begged for himself, BETWEEN TWO ADVICES AND IN THE ABSENCE OF ENEMIES, a lump sum for his faithful service...(L.N.T.). This is the so-called author's isolation.
Standalone add-ons
Name " standalone additions"- a tribute to tradition, it is more correct to talk about isolated constructions with the preposition EXCEPT, BEHIND, EXCEPT, OVER, INSTEAD OF, etc. Eg. : Nothing was heard, BUT THE BARKING OF DOGS; EXCEPT for the CACTUS, all the flowers on the windowsill were in bloom. In such phrases, nouns with prepositions answer questions of indirect cases. Separation of additions is optional, constructions with the preposition EXCEPT are more consistently separated.
PRACTICAL TASK
1. Determine the type and expression of the detached member.
EXAMPLE: BUT I DID NOT READ ANYTHING ON HER FACE BUT SURPRISING AND HIDDEN LAUGHTER trembling in the corners of her lips- EXCEPT SURPRISE AND HIDDEN LAUGHTER - a separate construction "EXCEPT + noun"; trembling in the corners of the lips - isolated definition, expressed by participial turnover.
1. Almazov, a young poor officer, listened to lectures at the Academy of the General Staff.
2. In the office, Almazov stood for a minute in one place, looking somewhere in the corner.
3. Around him, despite the late hour, a large crowd.
4. Five minutes of heavy silence passed, sadly broken by the lame running of the alarm clock, which had long been familiar and boring.
5. Faith, already dressed, last time looked around.
6. On the other hand, the old and bent bracelet, quite unexpectedly for Vera, was valued very dearly.
7. Lidochka's father, who served as our county treasurer, lived openly.
8. The whole role of Lidochka consisted in some two or three dozen remarks, extremely lively and coquettish.
9. But he does not want to know anything except his treasury.
10. There was in the play, I remember, a Jesuit priest, the secret spring of the whole drama.
11. We collided just before her exit, in a narrow corridor, between the wall and the wings.
12. She listened to me without interrupting, but answered inappropriately.
13. The orchestra played "Mayufes" - the national Jewish dance.
2. Find isolated members of the sentence, determine the way they are expressed, put punctuation marks.
1. But on the other hand, I saw the real Ophelia, the very feminine image that was drawn by Shakespeare.
2. I walked her home late at night happy, exhausted.
3. But unexpectedly, in the most tragic place of the drama, a furious burst of laughter and applause reached us from the auditorium.
4. Looking around, he powerlessly fell next to me on a free chair and suddenly lowered his face into his hands and wept bitterly.
5. The quarrel that boiled up was with difficulty put out by the entrepreneur, a good-natured and roguish fat man.
6. His entire musical repertoire, performed by an unusually false bass, consisted of only two pieces.
7. One major key was sung during intermissions between revelry.
8. And without this, it is impossible for us tragedians to live.
9. She involuntarily followed me all trembling with excitement.
10. I, it seems, except for the joy of seeing her, did not express anything.
11. Him only daughter Nadya is ill with some strange disease.
12. So she lies for whole days and whole nights, quiet, sad.
13. Since the Polish war, Anosov has participated in all campaigns except the Japanese one.
14. During the Polish uprising, he once refused to shoot prisoners despite the personal order of the regimental commander.
15. In mid-August, before the birth of the new month, disgusting weather suddenly set in.
16. Her unmarried brother Nikolai, a fellow prosecutor who usually lived with them, also went to the city to court.
17. Jenny Reiter, a very demanding musician, always willingly accompanied him.
3. Find isolated parts of the sentence, put punctuation marks.
DEMONS DEAF-MUTE
They walk the earth
Blind and deaf-mute
And draw marks of fire
In the opening haze.
Illuminating the abyss
They don't see anything
They create without comprehending
Its purpose.
Through the smoky twilight of the underworld
They throw a prophetic ray ...
Their fate is the face of the Lord
In the darkness revealed from the clouds!