When will warm days end in Tatarstan and will there be “Indian summer. When will warm days end in Tatarstan and will there be “Indian summer” Indian summer: why is it called so
In August, meteorologists said that the Indian summer is expected soon, by mid-September and will last until about the end of the month, at least in the European part of Russia. Director General of the Hydrometeorological Center of the Russian Federation Roman Vilfand said that average temperature exceed the expected rate. According to forecasts, it is not worth saying goodbye to summer yet.
In August, meteorologists said that the Indian summer is expected soon, by mid-September and will last until about the end of the month, at least in the European part of Russia. Director General of the Hydrometeorological Center of the Russian Federation Roman Vilfand said that the average temperature will exceed the expected norm. According to forecasts, it is not worth saying goodbye to summer yet.
Indian summer 2017 when it starts: History
This period of autumn is called "Indian Summer" because it is a short, warm and dry interval between summer and true autumn, usually coming in late August - September. This is a fine line, a very beautiful period, sometimes even plants that bloom once a year - bloom a second time in Indian summer, the weather seems to bring peace, harmony in the soul. In the most ancient references to this time, it is known that these are the last warm days, before a cold snap, when older women basked in the sun. last time this year.
Indian summer 2017 when it starts: No exact forecasts
"Last Splash" summer period it is impossible to determine in specific terms, neither meteorologists nor astrologers can do this, this event is not in any calendar, even in the church. Forecasters believe that the exact dates should not yet be called, but note that the temperature will be the same as in last days August, with possible precipitation. The shorter the period, the easier it is to determine exact dates, so the Hydrometeorological Center will be happy to announce these dates soon.
Indian summer 2017 when it starts: Popular beliefs
In the old days, they knew several signs by which the arrival of this period of time was determined, firstly, after the cold snap, the truly warm weather returns. Secondly, an autumn web flies in the air, which clings to clothes, hair, eyelashes. Many beliefs and signs with the Indian summer are associated with household and personal life. It was believed that if you ride a horse at such a time, it will become stronger and stronger.
Based on the statistics of the Hydrometeorological Centers, we can draw some conclusions about the weather for 2017 throughout Russia. If we take into account specifically Moscow and specifically summer, then in 2017 it is expected to be quite warm and dry. The beginning of June in Moscow will be moderate. The air temperature is unlikely to rise above 16 degrees. In the first days of summer 2017, small intermittent rains are also expected. The second half of June will be without significant precipitation. In the second decade of the month, the air temperature will begin to rise and reach 20 degrees above zero. And at the end of June, the daily air temperature in Moscow will be 28 degrees.
As expected, the second month of summer will be quite hot and dry.
The air temperature will warm up to 30 degrees above zero. Such summer heat will last until mid-August. In the second half of August 2017, frequent heavy rains are expected in Moscow and a sharp decline temperature. Residents of the capital will have to get jackets and raincoats from their wardrobes. 
And when will Indian summer be in Moscow in 2017? Based on the weather data of 2016, it is possible to build a forecast for Indian summer for 2017 as well. Indian summer will be just as late and will begin after September 20th.
This is if you do not take into account what is traditionally folk calendar Indian summer begins on September 14 and lasts until September 27. So what are traditions and rituals? Indian summer in Russia? 
With the advent of the Indian holiday, women finish all their summer chores and chores and proceed to lighter household chores. Earlier in Russia, at this time, women began to weave from linen. And mothers began to choose brides for their sons. To do this, in the evenings they baked a lot of pies and invited girls to their place. During such evening gatherings, the sons chose their future wives.
Indian summer says that it's time to harvest vegetables and fruits for winter time. From the very first day, the time of twists and pickles began. At that time, men dug up potatoes in the garden, and women in the family were engaged in sorting potatoes. Older women, with the advent of Indian summer, called healers to their place to improve their health before the onset of winter.
For many centuries, Indian summer has always been compared to the age of a woman, when her beauty bloomed again. And that cobweb that flies in the sky every Indian summer was compared with the first gray hair women.
Many years ago, there was a belief that women could influence the weather, and the return of summer in September is the effect of their spell.
From year to year, Indian summer differs, both in terms of the start date and the duration of the period of warm and dry weather. According to weather forecasts in Europe Indian summer in 2017 will begin on September 14 and will last 2 weeks, until September 27. in Siberia and Far East warm dry weather will be established at the end of September and will last until October 14.
In 2017, the Indian summer weather will please everyone who has already missed warm weather. summer days. After rainy cool days, the temperature will rise to plus 15 - plus 20 degrees Celsius, heavy autumn clouds will leave the sky and we will be able to enjoy two weeks of beautiful warm weather on the eve of winter.
Traditions, rituals and signs for Indian summer
Having coped with the summer suffering, a century ago in the villages, seeing off the returned summer, they met autumn. Babiy Indian Summer holiday, which begins on September 14 and lasts until September 27, was known among the villagers as an "Indian holiday".
Women, having completed the summer suffering, proceeded to a lighter economic activity. Everywhere they began to wet, knead, ruffle, lay flax to dry, weave. unmarried girls noted: if the thread lays down evenly, the husband will be accommodating, if unevenly, it will be worthless. Meanwhile, mothers were thinking about brides for their sons. In the evenings they baked pies and laid tables to which girls were invited. For such girlish feasts, the guys looked after their future wives.
Indian summer opened the time for harvesting vegetables and fruits for the winter. On his first day, as a rule, the housewives salted cucumbers. The men helped dig up the potatoes, while the female half of the family sorted them out. For older women, Indian summer was considered the last opportunity to bask in the hot sun now until next spring. At the same time, they called healers to their place in order to improve their health before the approaching cold weather.
Indian summer was also associated with the age of a woman, when her beauty blooms in full force before the upcoming, like autumn withering. Flying cobweb, silvering in sunshine Indian summer, compared with the first gray hair of a relatively young woman.
In the old days, it was believed that women could influence the weather. On this basis, it was believed that the return of summer in the middle of autumn was the effect of their spell.
new year
Indian summer opened the day of Seeds of the Stylite, September 14, known in the old days as the day of the church new year. It was noted that as a gift for the new year at that time it was re-established summer warmth. They said: "Semyon - Indian summer initiative", "Semyon Indian summer brings."
Semyonov day represented for the peasants the turn of the year, the border of the seasons, summer and autumn. Therefore, the saint was also called Semyon the Pilot, seeing off the summer of nature and as a time period of a year. How transition period New Year's Day was surrounded by its own traditions and customs.
In order to leave all the hardships in the past, the villagers updated the foundation on Semyonov's day. hearth- Fire. Having extinguished all the fire in the house for the night, in the morning it was lit by the friction of two planks with a “living” flame. In some areas, a new fire, spoken for well-being and health, was brought to the family by a village healer.
On Semyonov's Day, the boys were put on horseback for the first time. Godfather performed the so-called tonsure to his godson, or "putting on a horse." Housewarmings were timed to coincide with Semyon Letoprovodets in the villages. They said: "Semin day for housewarming - there will be happiness and fun in the new house."
From Semyonov's Day, sittings began, or supryadki - evening work by fire. The girls gathered in a prearranged hut and under the songs were taken for needlework. Sometimes guys came to sit-ins to chat with girls, to watch them at work. But not only at work they looked after their brides. The guys secretly went to spy on the funeral of flies, fleas and cockroaches - another custom of Semyonov's day. The girls collected flies, fleas, cockroaches, ants, and other pests and arranged mock funerals for them. Under songs and feigned crying, insects were buried in small coffins made of cabbage stalks, rutabaga, beets or carrots. They believed that after that the pests would disappear from the house for a year.
Osenins
A week after the church new year, believers celebrated Christmas Holy Mother of God- September 21, new style. By this day, the peasants summed up the first results of the harvest. They thanked the Lady Mother of God for it, prayed to Her for fertility for the next year. It is noteworthy that during the times of paganism, at the same time, the ancient Slavs worshiped the goddesses of fertility Lada and Lele, honored Rod with his fruitful beginning.
On the day of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos in Russia, the peasants certainly went to church for a festive divine service, where they glorified the birth of the Mother of the Savior. Then, with the whole settlement, people went to the holy springs, performing there prayers dedicated to the Mother of God.
The image of the Ever-Virgin in the popular imagination was associated with the crystal clearness of spring water. As a rule, by this time it became noticeably cooler. And the peasants, seeing off the summer, celebrated the Osenins on the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. They said: "Autumn - the end of every summer."
Osenins among the people were considered for the most part a holiday of women, the day of fertility embodied in their face. Regardless of the vagaries of nature, peasant women met autumn by the water. This is how the Russian ethnographer and folklorist Ivan Petrovich Sakharov describes it: “Early in the morning, women and girls went out to the banks of rivers, lakes and ponds to meet Mother Osenina with oatmeal bread. The older woman stands with bread, while the young people around her sing songs. After this, they break the bread into pieces according to the number of people and feed livestock with it.
Having met autumn according to all the rules, the peasants burned their old clothes and shoes in order to protect themselves from the evil eye. To ward off spoilage from children, mothers poured water over them on the threshold of the hut.
Indian summer is a holiday of nature and people, lasting a week or two. In the evenings, after doing housework, the villagers gathered at a common table. It was the so-called fraternization - a feast organized by clubbing. On the tables were the gifts of summer: apples, fruits and fresh vegetables, especially turnips and cabbage, sunflowers, rowan kvass and tinctures. The beer brewed by the whole village was certainly exhibited. And, of course, it could not do without pies and the main symbol of the harvest - a big loaf. At a large table, the peasants congratulated each other on the completion of the harvest, the harvest and the remaining free warm days.
People tried their best to catch the last moments of the outgoing summer. As long as the weather allowed, the youth started round dances in the fresh air, started outdoor games. In a time closer to ours, an accordion player was at the center of the village holiday, setting the tone for the general fun. There were round dances, songs were sung, the whole village was reunited in collective folk dances. Each person wanted to absorb the warmth of the outgoing summer, stock up on summer mood for the upcoming long period of bad weather and cold weather.
The head of the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Roman Vilfand, said that residents of the Moscow region would most likely be waiting for the "Indian summer" in September. It is reported by Interfax. “Obviously, there is no direct connection between the very hot fourth or fifth five-day period of August and the period of warm weather in September. But, according to ensemble forecasts, we should not say goodbye to summer yet. And next month, there may be bursts of heat that we associate with the so-called "Indian summer," Vilfand said.
According to him, all the conditions for the "Indian summer" in the capital region are, on the basis of which it can be stated that "it will be." However, forecasters are not yet ready to give exact dates. " Accurate forecast will be in a few days, then we can name specific dates. We will announce them with pleasure,” the head of the Hydrometeorological Center said.
Indian Summer: Other Names
Indian summer, the early period of autumn is called among the western or Eastern Slavs. In the south, he is called Gypsy, in Serbia - Mikhailov. In Croatia, there is a third name - Martin's summer. In German-speaking - the old woman, in Holland - the afterlife, In North America- Indian, In Italy - Saint Martin, In France - Saint Denis. In Portuguese speakers - Veraniku (Letochko), in Spanish speakers - several names that depend on the month. For example, in August-September - St. Miguel, and in October or November - St. Joan.
History of Indian summer
Why Indian summer is so called: the very first mentions were associated with the time when older women, before the cold weather, could bask in the sun for the last time this year. It was then that all the work in the field ended, and the village peasant women took up other things: they soaked, ruffled and wove flax.
Why Indian summer is so called: in the old days, cucumbers were often pickled during this period, and old conflicts were settled and reconciled. This period of time was considered a rural holiday. Indian summer, why they called it that: these days women often had gatherings, sang, spun, and when the cold came, they began to needlework and fiddled with canvases. Often the name of this period of time was associated with a common expression: "when almost everything is lost, only a woman can warm you very much."
Indian summer: Duration, how long does it last
Sometimes, after the onset of cold weather, people think about the question of whether there will be an Indian summer this year? Of course, yes, it happens every year. When does Indian summer start? It is impossible to determine the exact number, since it can "come" to different time and its duration may vary. Most often, it lasts one or two weeks, which fall in mid-September, and sometimes it can capture the beginning of October. In Russia, the approximate beginning of Indian summer is September 14th. Other countries may have different months and dates. Everything depends on the climate.
If we consider modern scientific explanation, then to the question of “why the Indian summer is called that”, you can get the following answer: this is the time when a persistent anticyclone is established, affecting the warming of the weather. During such a period, the soil and air do not cool much at night, and warm up well during the day. But still, the heat is already in the past. Why is an anticyclone formed? With the onset of cold weather, the foliage begins to fade sharply, in the process a large amount of heat is released. It rises, completely disperses the clouds, contributes to an increase atmospheric pressure. Thus, an anticyclone appears.
Indian Summer: Customs and Signs
The people have developed their own signs that relate to this period of time. When the Indian summer comes, the peasants use it to determine the weather that will be in autumn and winter. Several folk signs and believe:
- according to one of the customs, on the day when the Indian summer began, it was necessary to go hunting with a teenage son. They believed that because of this, dogs become kinder and do not get sick, and horses become bolder;
- if during this period a rainbow appears in the sky, then the autumn will be long and warm;
- during the rainy Indian summer, bad weather was expected;
- when the Indian summer came, the web flies through the air - this is a sign that the winter will be cold and the autumn will be clear.
What is the essence of this period?
When the Indian summer comes, at this time all nature is preparing for the coming winter. In the leaves, the process of destruction of green chlorophyll occurs, and orange and yellow, red and purple colors- carotene, xanthophyll and anthocyanin. It is these changes that affect wilting and are the cause of autumn leaf fall. They contribute to the release a large number heat.
Because of one leaf or several blades of grass, this effect would not have happened. It is millions of tons of vegetation that cause a significant increase in temperature - several degrees at once. This is the reason for such a sudden warming after the onset of cooling. Why does Indian summer happen at different times? It always depends on the weather that was last summer, and on the condition of shrubs, grasses and trees.
Southern and northern winds, as well as weather conditions. But the heat that is released disperses all the clouds, and, consequently, there is very little precipitation. And here it already turns out that it is not the anticyclone that causes the “golden time”, but vice versa. Therefore, the period when the leaves have not yet begun to fall off, and at the same time they are green - Indian summer cannot be named.
Indian Summer: Folk Calendar
According to such a calendar in Russia, the "golden time" has long been divided into several names. Young Indian summer "stood" in the interval from August 28 to September 11. And the old one is from 14 to 24 September. Initially, according to this period, they simply determined what autumn would be like. There were signs. But then the Indian summer began to be associated with a warm and dry period, when nature makes it possible to enjoy the last sunny fine days before the cold.
Indian Summer: Can Indian Summer be twice a year?
It's pretty controversial issue, since it is generally believed that it can occur only once. But if August was warm and no cold weather was observed, then sometimes people think that the Indian summer has already passed. And when it starts in September, they believe that this is the second time. However, no, this means that Indian summer is "old" this year. It usually starts around September 14th. This is the day of memory of the Pioneer - Simeon the Stylite.
Periodically, two periods of its arrival are distinguished. Starting in August and ending in September. According to Orthodox calendar, it begins on the day of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos and lasts exactly until the day of John the Baptist (the day of the Beheading). The second period is considered already more mature, and it falls entirely on September, starting from the day of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos and ending with the Exaltation.
But in modern world meteorologists still insist that the Indian summer can be only once a year, and cannot be repeated. It's just that the boundaries of its onset and end are blurred, which leads people to confusion and controversial issues.
What Happens During Indian Summer
At this time, it is no longer worth swimming, as the water does not have time to warm up during the day and cools down a lot at night. But the general mood of peace, clear warm sunny days set people up for positive emotions. Previously, it was a period of completion of field and agricultural work, reconciliation, forgiveness. No wonder it coincides with church holidays.
Why is Indian summer so called: it is primarily associated with women, and the elderly, who in the villages liked to sit on the mound during this period and “warm their bones”. By folk tradition It is at this time that a lot of wedding celebrations and various holidays are held. Nature is conducive to reflection, reflection, and even the beginning of a new period in life. It was in Indian summer in the old days that they tried to make plans for the future, believing that they would certainly come true.
Indian Summer: Mushroom Period
People, especially rural people, always looked at the weather, and gave great importance signs associated with it. If it rained on September 14, it meant that there would be quite a lot of mushrooms. When the trees begin to shed their leaves, they appear thick fogs, and this precedes the wave of honey mushrooms. The period is short - only about ten days. It just precedes Indian summer. Then warm weather sets in, which pleases mushroom pickers so much, and they enthusiastically begin their “ quiet hunting”, looking for white hats under the fallen multi-colored foliage. You can find them not only directly in the forest, but also on the edges. In general, Indian summer - great time for collecting boletus and other mushrooms for salting. Moreover, during this period, due to the heat that comes from fallen leaves, there are quite a lot of them.
The weather in early September surprised the residents of Tatarstan. After hot sunny days there was a sharp cold snap. But do not despair, the heat is just around the corner.
On Saturday, September 2, it was real summer in Tatarstan, the air warmed up to 26 degrees during the day. A sharp cold snap by the evening of August 3 was very noticeable. The republic was invaded by cold arctic air in the rear of the cyclone. The temperature dropped to 9 degrees at night and 12-14 degrees during the day. Experts say that autumn begins when average daily temperature falls below 15 degrees. It's cloudy and cold outside right now. Such weather at the very beginning of autumn is considered abnormal.
According to the forecast of Hydromet of Russia, the average temperature in September in Tatarstan is expected to be 1 degree higher climatic norm. The norm in the republic is 11 degrees with a plus sign. Monthly precipitation is predicted to be less than the long-term average at a rate of 52 mm. At the same time, in the first ten days of September, the temperature is expected to be 1.5 degrees above the climatic norm,” Irina Trushchina, head of the meteorological forecast department of the Hydrometeorological Center of the Republic of Tatarstan, told Tatar-inform news agency.
Waves of heat and cold
The nature of the weather is now unstable, there is an alternation of cyclones and anticyclones. In the next three days, the air will gradually warm up, significant precipitation is not expected. The republic will be under the influence of the crest of the northern anticyclone. But by the end of the week the weather will deteriorate again, the rains will come. Long period with partly cloudy warm weather not expected this week.
“The cool weather will last for two or three days, and then the air will gradually warm up. Warming will begin on September 7, the thermometer during the day can rise to 19-20 degrees. In September there will be both heat waves and cold waves. Now we are experiencing a cold wave,” said Yuri Perevedentsev, Head of the Department of Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Ecology of the Institute of Ecology and Nature Management of KFU.
Whims of Indian summer
Indian summer is the period when dry sunny weather comes after rains and bad weather. It is worth noting that it does not happen every year. So, in 2000 and 2016, it was not on the territory of the republic at all. Last year, after a hot August, September turned out to be cold and rainy. Then there was only one "Woman" day - September 25, when the air temperature warmed up to 21.5 degrees, and there was no rain. September 2007 was cold warm period began on September 28 and lasted only two days. Sometimes Indian summer lasts 2.5 weeks.
Indian summer will be in the second half of September. Let's hope it lasts a week. If there is an anticyclone and south winds, then the temperature can exceed the mark of 20 degrees. Over the past 17 years, there has been no "Indian summer" for two years. Therefore, there is a high probability that this year it will be,” Yuri Perevedentsev believes.
On average, "Indian summer" lasts 1-1.5 weeks. In 2008 it was six days, and the average daily temperature was 19 degrees. In 2015, the "Indian summer" lasted from September 13 to September 29 - 17 days, and the average daily temperature was 18.5 degrees. It's pretty heat for September, forecasters say.
When is the heating season
The heating season begins when the average daily air temperature drops below 8 degrees Celsius. Usually, heat in houses is turned on in the second half of September. First, it is given to kindergartens, hospitals and schools. There is no weather forecast for the upcoming heating period - October and November. It will appear at the end of September.
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