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Methodological recommendations for the use of didactic material Slide1 - Lesson. Animals in the spring E. Shim. The nightingale and the little crow

In the video, children aged 5-10 years will see floods in the forest, wolves on the hunt, a bear crawling out of its den, and many others. spring phenomena in nature. This film was made at a studio of educational films for children and is structured as a dialogue between a child and an adult. The child watches the animals and asks questions to the adult, the adult answers his questions and gives interesting information. additional information. Watch a movie with your kids. The film is of very high quality and made professionally, taking into account all the requirements for educational films for children. Enjoy watching and new discoveries!

For the curious: about forest babies and their mothers. Interesting information about animals in spring

Hares in spring

Mother - hare feeds the bunnies and immediately runs away, leaving them alone under a bush. And the bunnies sit under the bush for three to four days, waiting for their new mother, the hare, to feed them.

There are no strangers' bunnies - they are all their own and will always be fed. Hares' milk is fatty and nutritious; it lasts for 3-4 days.

Why does nature work this way? The fact is that hares have sweat and sebaceous glands only on the soles of their paws. And if the hare lived with the hares, they would quickly be found - smelled by the smell - a fox or a wolf. After all, rabbits have many enemies - fox, wolf, marten, lynx, and birds of prey. And when a tiny bunny sits under a bush and hides its paws under itself, it is impossible to find it by smell. It turns out that by running away from the bunnies, the hare saves them.

After 8-9 days, the rabbits will have teeth, and then grass will appear, and they will begin to feed themselves.

Squirrels in spring

U squirrels Baby squirrels also appear in the spring. They are born naked, helpless, and cannot see anything. The mother squirrel takes care of them, feeding the squirrels milk for two months. But dad, the squirrel, doesn’t live with his family, he lives separately.

The mother squirrel spends a lot of time searching for food, otherwise the baby squirrels will grow up frail and sick. Baby squirrels demand special attention from squirrels - mothers, they need to be sheltered, warmed, fed. Only after a month do the baby squirrels open their eyes and begin to look out of the nest.

In spring, the squirrel is the enemy of all birds and the most dangerous predator for many birds. She's ruining bird's nests on tree branches and drags chicks and eggs from them.

Hedgehogs in spring

In April, hedgehogs also appear. They are born in a hedgehog's nest, which looks like a hut made of dry leaves, twigs and moss. The hedgehog feeds the hedgehogs with milk and takes care of them.

Hedgehogs, like baby squirrels, are born helpless and naked, without needles. A few hours after birth, bumps appear on the skin of the hedgehogs, then they burst, and thin needles appear from them. Then the needles will harden and turn into thorns. The mother of the hedgehog first feeds the hedgehogs with milk, and then, when they grow up, she brings them earthworms and slugs to their nest.

Bears in the spring

In April, a mother bear with grown cubs wakes up and leaves the den. She wanders through the forest - looking for food: pulling out bulbs and roots of plants, looking for larvae.

Coming out of the den, the bear stretches, rolls around, and tries to warm up after hibernation, tidies up his fur coat. And looking for food.

By the time they leave the den, bears moult. They lose their thick winter coat and grow a short, darker coat. The fur will grow again all summer and will be thick and warm by the new winter (bears do not shed in the fall).

In the spring, the she-bear not only feeds the cubs with her milk, but also teaches them to get their own food - dig roots out of the ground, look for insects, last year's berries. Even if the mother bear is hungry, first of all she will give food to her babies - the cubs. While protecting the cubs, the mother bear can attack any enemy.

In the spring, the mother bear bathes her cubs in streams and lakes: she takes them by the scruff of the neck and lowers them into the water. Later, when the kids grow up, they will begin to bathe themselves.

Creative task “Unwashed Raccoon”. Read to the children a wonderful fairy tale about the Raccoon. And together with your child, figure out how this story ends.

E. Shim “Who looks like whom?”

“Little Raccoon ran home, and his mother gasped:
- Fathers, who do you look like?! Where have you been messing around? Why is all the fur in the trash?
- And I was stirring up an anthill.
- Why are your paws covered in swamp mud?
- And I was chasing a frog.
- Why is your nose in the ground?!
- I dug up a beetle...
- No, just look at him! - Mom says. – Is this what decent animals look like?
What do decent animals look like?
- Decent animals have shiny fur, licked noses, cleaned claws! And look at yourself!
“I wanted to take a look,” Raccoon replies, “but they didn’t let me.”
- Who didn’t?
- And the Bear. I didn’t come to the river, I went down to the water - suddenly there was a Mother Bear with her cubs! So scary! I'm angry!
- Do you know why she came to the river?
- Don't know. I quickly ran away.
“She brought the cubs to bathe them.” And she is ashamed when the children are grimy!
“That’s it...” says Raccoon. - Now I understand. Otherwise, I couldn’t guess why she was waving her paw and growling: “Oh, you little freak, oh you unwashed Raccoon!”

Questions for children:

Why couldn’t Raccoon look at himself – at his reflection in the water?
Why did the Bear come to the river? Why did the Bear growl and get angry?
What did the Raccoon do next when he found out why the Bear was angry and cursed “The Raccoon is unwashed”?
Together with your children, figure out how this story ends. (For example, Raccoon quickly ran to the river, washed his face, combed his hair, cleaned his claws. He returned home, even his mother did not recognize him, and was very happy...)

Sometimes in a family of bears there is an older bear cub - a “pestun” (a bear cub from last year’s litter). So it is called from the word “nurture”. The bear cub is a nurse - the main assistant of the mother - bear, a role model for kids - bear cubs. He shows them how to climb hollows for honey, how to feast on ants and their larvae. He separates the cubs if they fight and restores order among them. This is the kind of helper the bear has! And daddy bear does not take part in raising the cubs.

The bear cub is a nurturer, although he is an older bear cub, but he loves to play. Read to your child the dialogue between the Magpie and the Teddy Bear:

E. Shim “The Magpie and the Little Bear”

“- Teddy bear, are you going to break this rowan tree?
-Are you bending it into an arc?
- Do you want to rip her off?
- Leave me alone, Soroka. I don't want anything. I just took it and am swinging on this mountain ash. Let me play at least a little before my mother comes and makes my little brother babysit!”

Foxes in spring

Foxes also have cubs. Usually in March - April, a fox gives birth to 4-6 cubs. Little foxes are dark brown in color, and the tips of their tails are white! After 3-4 weeks, the fox cubs stop eating the milk of their mother, the fox, but still live in the hole. Their parents bring them food into the hole.

Their mother, the fox, does not allow anyone near the fox cubs. She guards the hole. The mother fox watches closely to see if there is any danger nearby. In case of danger, the fox barks loudly, and the cubs quickly run away - they hide deep in the hole. And if people or dogs have visited the fox hole, then the fox will definitely move her cubs to another safe place - away from the previous hole. The father fox also helps raise the fox cubs. He teaches them and brings them booty.

Wolves in the spring

To raise wolf cubs, wolves make a den in the forest thicket. In the spring, a she-wolf gives birth to 4-7 cubs. They are born helpless and covered with gray fluff. First, the she-wolf feeds the cubs with her milk, and does not leave them anywhere. And daddy the wolf brings food to the she-wolf. When the wolf cubs grow up, both mother and father feed them together.

Moose in spring

In the spring, a moose cow gives birth to 1-2 calves. The mother moose licks them after birth, and they immediately stand on their legs. And after 3-4 days, little elk calves run after their mother! Their mother, the moose cow, feeds them with her milk for a long time, and the moose calves grow like heroes - by leaps and bounds!

Badgers in the spring

The badger wakes up and crawls out of the hole. The badger is a very neat and clean animal. Therefore, in the spring he begins to repair his house, renews his bedding, cleans the passages, and throws out the garbage.

In the spring, the badger eats everything edible it can find, as it needs to quickly restore strength after hibernation. It eats larvae, earthworms, mice, and destroys bird nests.

In April, a badger gives birth to 3-6 badger cubs. She raises them alone. For several days she does not leave the hole at all, then she comes out, but not for long. To make the babies grow faster, the badger takes them one by one out into the sunshine into the fresh air - she takes them in her teeth, brings them and places them side by side under a bush or under a tree. When the badger cubs are two months old, they come out of the hole on their own.

Pisces in the spring

In the spring, the ice on the river melts and it is no longer possible to walk on it. And then the ice begins to drift completely. All the inhabitants of the reservoirs are happy that it has become light under the water. The fish swim to shallow places where the water is more warmed by the sun.

In spring, fish begin to grow, and their scales grow in rings. And by their number you can determine how old the fish is.

In May, fish spawn. The fry emerge from it.

At first the fry are naked, without scales, then they grow scales. First of all, the pectoral fins of the future fish grow, then the fins on the back, and then on the stomach. When the fry grow up, it develops a tail.

The fry hide from their enemies in the darkness. In some fish, the fry hide in their parents' mouths and sit there in safety. Sometimes the fry hide next to their parents, clinging to their side and swimming away from them. dangerous place further away.

Migratory birds in spring: logic puzzles for children

Logical problem 3. Each has its own time. Birds in spring

Each bird flies to us at its “own time”. This is how it is written about it in N. Sladkov’s story:

N. Sladkov. Birds brought spring

“The rooks arrived and brought thawed patches. Icebreaker wagtails broke the ice on the river. The finches appeared and the green grass began to fluff.
That’s how spring is done: a little of each.”

Why does each bird have its own time of arrival? Try to guess it yourself with your children.

A fairy-tale dialogue in the forest will help you guess what the reason is. “Crake and the Rook” (E. Shim)

“- Crake, why are you late, did you arrive from warm lands so late?
- And I waited until my house grew up.
- How is it that the house will grow?!
- You live in a tree, Rook, you don’t understand. And I live in a clean meadow, hiding in the grass. So I waited for the grass to grow!”

One more clue- the first to return to us are those birds that were the last to fly away in the fall. And vice versa, the last to return to us almost in the summer are those birds that were the first to fly away from us at the beginning of autumn. Why? Let's remember together with the children why the birds flew away from us in the fall and did not spend the winter with us? They would freeze, they would have no food. So which birds arrive first? Those who can get food for themselves even in March.

Why do swallows arrive only in May? Let us remember how swallows fly close to the ground before the rain - why do they do this? Because they catch insects (in the summer in the village, show this phenomenon to the children). Swallows feed on insects. And when do insects appear in our forests, fields, and gardens? In May. So the swallows come to us when there is food for them.

Logic problem 4.Birds - auditors

“Tractor drivers call these birds “resistors.” As soon as the tractors go out into the spring arable land, these black proud birds are right there - they walk sedately and importantly behind the tractor along the freshly plowed strip, picking worms out of the ground. What kind of birds are these?”

Why are rooks called “auditors”? Who is an “auditor”? Rooks – migratory birds or wintering? Why do people call rooks “the harbingers of spring”?

Logical problem 5. Why do rooks have a white beak?

Rooks are among the first to arrive to us, proudly walk through the fields, looking for worms, larvae, and beetles in thawed areas.

What color is the rook's beak? White. And some rooks have a beak... black!!! Why do you think? This riddle has a very interesting solution. And the old rook White Beak and the young rook Black Beak will tell you and your children (E. Shim “Black Beak and White Beak”).

It is best to act out this story using figurines of two rooks, painted differently.

“- Rook, you probably flew to the fire?
- Why is it for a fire?
- Yes, your nose is sooty!
- Why is it sooty?
- Rooks have white noses, but yours is black! It's like they smoked it on purpose!
- And you’re still lying! My nose is normal! And very beautiful! It’s just that I’m still a young rook, I haven’t been in the field much, I haven’t poked around in the ground much... So I didn’t have time to clean my beak until it shines!”

After reading this a short story– dialogue, ask the child how to understand whether we met an old rook in the village in the spring or a young one? Why was the beak of a young rook called “smoky”? (Explain to the child what happens in a fire, what “smoky” means. Remember the soot that children could see at the dacha, the coals from the fire, tell the child that after a fire only black coals remain. And the young rook’s beak is also black. That’s why They called its beak “smoky”).

Entertaining task 6. The secret of the nightingale

In spring nightingales sing. And when do they eat? You won't be full of songs. It turns out that the nightingales have their own secret. Here's what:

“A nightingale sang in the bird cherry trees. He sang without a break, loudly and bitingly. His tongue in his wide-open beak beat like a bell. When only he has time to eat and drink! After all, you won’t be satisfied with just one song.
He hung his wings, threw back his head, his sharp beak snapped like scissors in the hands of a deft hairdresser. It clicks and clicks with such sonorous trills that even the neighboring leaves tremble, and warm steam escapes from the heated neck.
...And mosquitoes flock to the park! They can’t sharpen their nose under a tight feather, so they sound over their gaping beak. They just ask to be put in your mouth, they stick right to your tongue! The nightingale clicks songs and... mosquitoes. Two things at once. And one is not a hindrance to the other. And they also say that songs don’t feed the nightingale!”
(N. Sladkov. Nightingale)

For the curious: interesting facts about nightingales in spring

In the first half of May, nightingales return to us. First, the male nightingales fly to us and immediately begin to sing, but they sing still weakly and uncertainly. Their singing is a signal for female nightingales. When the females arrive, the nightingale songs begin. This bird's voice is amazingly beautiful!

But not every nightingale will learn to sing beautifully. Nightingales take three years to learn to sing! Only in the third year do they become magnificent singers. Young nightingales learn to sing from their neighbors - old nightingales. If the neighbors do not sing very well, then the nightingale does not find its full, beautiful voice. As they say, whoever you get along with, that’s how you’ll gain. This proverb literally refers to the “musical school of nightingale singing,” in which experienced nightingales teach young nightingales to sing.

Nightingale Day is usually celebrated on May 15 - this is the time of sunny, warm spring and nightingale songs. People used to say this: “Nightingales fly when they can drink dew or rainwater from a birch leaf.”

In May - June, nightingales begin to build nests. The nest is made of grass, wool, and dry leaves. The female incubates the eggs for two weeks.

Chicks are born in June. At this time, the nightingale concerts end - the nightingales raise their chicks.

Many have heard the nightingale, but not everyone has seen it. He is invisible. It is very difficult to see the small gray bird.

E. Shim. The nightingale and the little crow

“- Carr! Where are you going, gray, small and squeaky little one? Go away!
- Why?
- The Nightingale lives in these bushes - a golden sock, a silver neck. Are you your equal?
-Have you seen him?
- It hasn’t happened yet. But they say - so good, so pretty! Just to take a peek...
- So look. I am Nightingale!

Cartoon birds in spring

And in conclusion, I suggest you watch a wonderful cartoon for kids based on the fairy tale by V. Bianchi " Orange neck"about the lark and his neighbors - partridges. From the cartoon, in a very exciting and accessible fairy tale form, children will learn about how birds live.

First, I suggest reading this book to children (it is quite large, so I will not offer its text here; the book “Orange Neck” can be found in any children's library), and then watch a cartoon based on this educational fairy tale.

Our journey to amazing world nature and animals. You and your children have learned a lot about animals in spring, We came up with our own stories and acted out dialogues. I hope that this article will help you and your little ones and bring a lot of joy and amazing discoveries!

More about spring speech games, poems, physical education lessons, pictures, fairy tales for activities with children you will find in the articles on the site:

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“Animal Movement” - Answer the questions. Movement is the main property of living organisms. Movement using muscles. Bird flight is movement in the air. The movement of a jellyfish is reactive. Slowest animal? Movement of the mollusk. The concept of movement. Movement of protozoa. Euglena green. Methods of movement of animals. Kangaroo holds the record for long jump.

“Snakes of the Leningrad Region” - Up to 65 cm. SNAKES Leningrad region. World Aquarium, St. Louis, Missouri, USA Lived 8 years Length 1.2 m. Copperhead. The long-lived two-headed copperhead died on June 21, 2007. Viper. Snake of the snake family. Non-poisonous.

“Animal behavior in spring” - How should we behave in the forest in spring? Why do animals change color so dramatically? Develop recommendations for human behavior in the forest in spring. March. Moose trail. Animal life in spring. (for example species composition Nevyansky district) part 1. May. Track of a common squirrel. Trail of a white hare. April. Result of the excursion:

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“Animals in the spring” - Completed by the teacher primary classes Municipal educational institution "Saiginskaya secondary school" Fakhrutdinova G.A. May beetles, ladybugs. Establish the dependence of animal life on spring changes in nature. Redhead, not a fox? Place the signs in order: which insects wake up earlier? Ants. The cat thought and shouted: Shoot!

There are a total of 25 presentations in the topic

Spring is the period of awakening and blossoming of nature.There is still snow on the ground, but alreadyHedgehogs and bears woke up from a long winter sleep.They left the hole or den and went to look for drier places.

How did they know that spring had come? After all, there is no TV or radio in the forest? How did they know that it was time for them to wake up and get out of their holes and dens as quickly as possible?

It turns out that the snow melted in the spring,Water leaked from the melted snow into their holes and dens. Even if you want to sleep, you can’t lie in a wet hole. So they had to crawl out of their holes and dens and look for drier places for themselves.

Bears in the spring.

In April, a mother bear with grown cubs wakes up and leaves the den. She wanders through the forest - looking for food: pulling out bulbs and roots of plants, looking for larvae.

Coming out of the den, the bear stretches, rolls around, tries to warm up after hibernation, and puts his fur coat in order. And looking for food.

Sometimes in a family of bears there is an older bear cub - a “pestun” (a bear cub from last year’s litter). So it is called from the word “nurture”. A bear cub is a nurse - the main assistant of a mother bear, a role model for little bear cubs. He shows them how to climb hollows for honey, how to feast on ants and their larvae. He separates the cubs if they fight and restores order among them. This is the kind of helper the bear has! And daddy bear does not take part in raising the cubs.

Hedgehogs in the spring.

Hedgehogs wake up after hibernation only when their burrow warms up. And the mink warms up when the ground thaws. At the end of March, at the beginning of April, you can come to the forest and hear snorting, coughing and rustling of last year’s leaves under the bushes. It's probably a hedgehog. And if the hedgehog wakes up, it means that winter will definitely not return.

In April, hedgehogs also appear. They are born in a hedgehog's nest, which looks like a hut made of dry leaves, twigs and moss. The hedgehog feeds the hedgehogs with milk and takes care of them.

They love hedgehogs. Do you know why... Because you rarely meet with them. And those who are familiar with them know that the character and manners of hedgehogs... Well, in short, hedgehogs are not fluffy bunnies!

To begin with, I will tell you that hedgehogs are terrible sleepers. They sleep a lot. And for a long time. From October to March they hibernate. And in the summer, when they eat up their sides, hedgehogs can oversleep most of days. They really love to sleep.

Dad the hedgehog especially loves to sleep. He runs away from his wife immediately after the wedding ceremony. In one of his holes, of which he usually has about ten. A hedgehog takes care of its offspring for 30-40 days. After this, the little hedgehogs scatter in different directions: some for beetles, some for slugs, and the most cunning ones - for the larvae of mosquitoes and centipedes. When the mushrooms grow and the berries ripen, hedgehogs can become vegetarians.

Hedgehogs also love to eat - sometimes they eat so much during the night that their weight increases by a third.

IN in spring many animals molt. .

They exchange their winter coat - warm, thick - for a summer, lighter one. Hares, foxes, bears, and moose moult in the spring. The squirrel becomes red again, and not silver as in winter.

To reset faster white wool, the hare rolls on the grass, rubs against the branches of bushes and tree trunks. Therefore, in the forest in the spring you can see scraps of hare fur on stems, branches, and in thickets.

In spring, animals feel hot in winter coats; the fur is too thick. And the sun is getting hotter and hotter, it's time to change your winter outfit. The animals began to moult. Their old fur gradually falls out and their fur becomes sparse. Now it won’t be so hot for forest dwellers in the spring sun. Some animals not only shed, but even change the color of their coat. The hare's fur was white in winter and turned gray in spring. This makes it easier for him to hide from predators in the forest. And in winter, a bunny in a white fur coat is not visible in the snow, and in spring, gray fur helps to hide from enemies under the bushes.

The squirrel also changes its outfit - in winter it was in a thick gray fur coat, and in the spring it faded and became red. Now you won’t even notice it right away in the crowns of pine trees.”

In the spring, the animals give birth to their young.

Almost all baby animals live with their mothers, except for rabbits.

Squirrels in the spring.

At the squirrel's Baby squirrels also appear in the spring. They are born naked, helpless, and cannot see anything. The mother squirrel takes care of them, feeding the squirrels milk for two months. But the squirrel dad doesn’t live with his family, he lives separately.

The mother squirrel spends a lot of time searching for food, otherwise the baby squirrels will grow up frail and sick. Baby squirrels require special attention from the mother squirrel; they need to be covered, warmed, and fed. Only after a month do the baby squirrels open their eyes and begin to look out of the nest.

In spring, the squirrel is the enemy of all birds and the most dangerous predator for many birds. She destroys bird nests on tree branches and steals chicks and eggs from them.

Hares in spring.

Mom is a hare feeds the bunnies and immediately runs away, leaving them alone under a bush. And the bunnies sit under the bush for three to four days, waiting for their new mother, the hare, to feed them.

There are no strangers' bunnies - they are all their own and will always be fed. Hares' milk is fatty and nutritious; it lasts for 3-4 days.

After 8-9 days, the rabbits will have teeth, and then grass will appear, and they will begin to feed themselves.

Foxes in spring.

Foxes also have cubs. Usually in March - April, a fox gives birth to 4-6 cubs. Little fox cubs are dark brown in color, and the tips of their tails are white! After 3-4 weeks, the fox cubs stop eating the milk of their mother, the fox, but still live in the hole. Their parents bring them food into the hole.

In the spring, the fox gives birth to cubs: 4.5 or 6 puppies. Yes, yes, fox cubs are called puppies. Whose other babies are called puppies?

Foxes and dogs are close relatives. They even have similar voices: foxes, like dogs, bark and yap.

Wolves in the spring.

show changes in the lives of animals with the arrival of spring,
trace connections between living and inanimate nature,
to cultivate a love of nature and respect for its inhabitants.

Lesson progress

1. Immersion in the topic.

What time of year is this poem about? Why?

The snow has melted among the fields,
A stream runs downhill,
And the grass breaks through.
The violets bloomed in the forest,
And dressed in bright green
All bushes and trees.

Name the signs of the onset of spring in inanimate nature.

(increase in temperature, i.e. increase in the amount of heat)

Why has it become warmer? (the sun rose higher above the horizon)

Do changes occur in the lives of wild animals with the onset of spring?

What do you know about this?

Want to know even more?

Let's dedicate our lesson to this.

Formulate the topic of our lesson.

What goal do we set for ourselves for this lesson?

2. Dictionary.

What changes in the life of wild animals occur with the onset of warmer weather?

What is shedding? (children's hypothetical answers)

Teacher: Molting is an adaptation to environment, preparation for the hot season. Animals exchange their warm fur coats for thinner, shorter and less warm coats. Some animals change the color of their skin during the process of molting.

What animals are these? (hare, squirrel, arctic fox)

Why do their colors change? (the ability to be unnoticed by enemies, i.e. this is an adaptation to the environment)

3. Animals that hibernate.

- Animals differently welcome spring. How? Let's listen.

(children act out a scene)

Girl: Misha, tell me how you almost slept through spring!

Without worries and without anxiety
I slept in a warm den.
Slept all winter until spring
And, of course, I had dreams.

Suddenly the clubfoot woke up.
He hears a drip.

What a disaster!
I groped in the dark with my paw
And he jumped up - there was water all around!

Girl: The bear hurried outside

Bear: It's flooding! No time for sleep!

Girl: he got out and saw:

Bear: Puddles! The snow is melting! Spring has come!

What changed in the bear's life with the arrival of spring? (he awakens from hibernation, leaves the den)

What animals are still waking up from hibernation? (hedgehog, badger, chipmunk)

Why do you think they are awakening? (children's answers)

Teacher: It turns out that the body has a special clock that keeps track of time regardless of external conditions. If you put such an animal in constant darkness, the internal clock will still show when it is day and when it is night. They also show the time of year, although nothing has changed around the hole. According to these hours, winter “sleepers” wake up in holes and dens. The bear wakes up in March and from that time on does not sleep, but dozes slightly, waiting for suitable weather to leave the den. The badger, having also woken up early, often runs out to see the first thaw. He is “easy on his feet”, and he has reserves for the spring. And if winter returns, the badger can still sleep.

4. Vegetable and fauna in the spring.

Does it change flora with the onset of warm weather? How? (grass, flowers, leaves appear on trees)

What are plants for some animals? (food)

Different animals eat differently.

What are the names of animals that eat fruits, seeds, branches and leaves of plants?

(these are herbivores - word on the board)

What are the names of animals that feed on other animals, their fellow animals?

(these are predators or carnivores - the word on the board) Predators are also called animals.

What are the names of animals that eat both plant and animal food?

(these are omnivores - the word on the board)

Work in groups.

Each group is given pictures of different animals. It could be a squirrel, hare, mouse, fox, elk, wolf, bear, lynx, etc.

1) Distribute these animals into groups: herbivores, predators, omnivores.

(work check)

2) Make different food chains. (impossible)

Why is it impossible to create food chains? (no link – plants)

Add the necessary link and create food chains.

(work check)

5. The birth of new offspring.

Which important event occurs in animals in the spring? (birth of cubs)

Why in the spring? (in spring the comfort of the living environment increases: it becomes warmer, and most importantly, there is a lot of food)

Different animals have different food, its abundance occurs at different times, so not all animals begin to reproduce at the same time.

Which group of animals give birth to their babies earlier?

(in herbivores)

Why? (unlimited amount of food, food appears very early)

As scientists have noted, the number of cubs born depends on the animal’s body size. The smaller the animal, the more cubs it has, because... The duration of development of the cubs varies.

Name the smallest animal you have worked with in a group (mouse).

Teacher: Mice and voles are very fertile. Newborns develop quickly: 20 days pass from birth to leaving their parents. Over the spring and summer, one mouse can give birth to about 30 voles.

Larger animals (chipmunks, squirrels, hares, hedgehogs) raise their young longer: 1.5 – 2 months. During the season, 10-15 fewer cubs are born than voles.

Listen to what they tell you about your birth Squirrel, Hedgehog, Little Hare.

(children in masks and hats act out a skit)

B.: Oh, hedgehog, how prickly you are!

E.: Yes, my fur coat is prickly. But, having such a fur coat, I’m not afraid of anyone. If danger appears, I’ll curl up in a ball, try touching me, you’ll immediately get a thousand injections.

B.: Were you also born with needles?

E.: Hedgehogs are born without needles and blind. On our pink body we only have a lot of tubercles. Needles appear in their place after a few hours. At first they are soft and light, but gradually harden and darken. My needles grow very quickly.

B.: And I, too, was born naked and blind. But in our hollow I was not cold, because my caring mother warmed me and wrapped me in soft bedding.

Z.: I don’t remember my mother! And I don't have a home!

B.: How is that? Why?

Z.: I was born right on earth, immediately sighted, covered with fur. Mom fed me milk, left me under a bush and ran away.

E.: And you didn’t feel like eating?

Z.: No, my mother’s milk is nutritious and fatty, so I’m not hungry for 3-4 days.

B.: What about the next days?

Z.: And when I want to eat, I begin to move, leaving a fragrant trace of my paws. Any hare finds me along this trail and feeds me milk. And again for 3-4 days. And when I grow up, I start eating grass.

What new have you learned about the birth and first days of life of animals?

How is a hedgehog born?

Why is the baby squirrel not cold in the hollow?

Why doesn't the little bunny know his mother?

Teacher: By leaving the newborn hares, the hare thereby shows care for them. An abandoned hare has no smell, it sits motionless, has good protective coloring, and no predator can smell it even at close range.

But how do larger animals – predators – raise their young? The time they raise their cubs increases to 1 year, the number of cubs is from 4-6.

The wolf and she-wolf raise their cubs. Wolf cubs remain under the care of their parents in their den for a very long time. At 1.5 - 2 months they just stop sucking mother's milk, and parents begin to accustom them to regular food. Wolf cubs are first fed regurgitated food. Then they begin to bring killed prey and help the cubs tear it apart. Closer to autumn, they are brought half-dead prey and taught to kill it. In the fall, young people learn to hunt under the guidance of their parents. Wolves accompany their children all winter, and in the spring they begin an independent life (the story is accompanied by a showing of the painting “Wolves in Spring”).

Thus, the larger the predators, the fewer offspring they have, because the time of their upbringing whole year(remember small animals, for which this time is much shorter)

What is the largest animal in our region? (bear)

Listen to how a bear raises its offspring.

(student’s story accompanied by a photograph of a bear or a painting)

The bear takes the longest to raise its cubs. In the second half of February, the female bear gives birth to small cubs, the size of a mitten, weighing only 500 g. They are blind and naked. The bear keeps them warm on her belly among her fur, warming them with her breath. She feeds them with her milk, but they do not grow, since the bear has little milk, because the bear does not eat anything in winter. Having left the den, the cubs begin to grow quickly. In the autumn they go back to the den with their mother and only by the new autumn they leave the family. Thus, bears raise their children for 1.5 - 2 years.

In addition to the parents, last year’s babysitters are also involved in raising the babies of some animals. In a bear family, such a nanny is called a pestun; among wolves, it is called a pereyarok (young wolf).

All animals feed their young with milk, which is why they are also called mammals.

All parents take care of their young. How? (protected from enemies, fed, taught to find food, escape from enemies, hunt)

Why are they doing this? (prepare cubs for adulthood)

Teacher: In case of danger for the cubs, mothers resort to various tricks. The fox tries to take them away from her home. If people have been near the hole, they drag the children in their teeth to a safe place. When a man appears, the hare takes him away from the bunny, pretending to be wounded, sick, or trying or trying to attract attention to herself by banging her paws on the ground.

6. Forest in spring.

Teacher: In spring, the forest is filled with magical sounds: birdsong, murmuring streams, buzzing, croaking - all this is wonderful music. But sometimes a person adds “his own” to this music - a loud scream, a tape recorder or transistor turned on at full power. This noise negatively affects the inhabitants of the forest. So, bumblebees and bees cannot fly into the air from a loud tape recorder or from a loud scream. Birds and animals will leave their nests and holes forever from such entertainment. This is especially bad in the spring. Why? It turns out that plants also react negatively to loud noise - they slow down their growth.

So how should we behave in the forest in spring? (listen to nature, observe, enjoy the beauty, but don’t make noise)

Listen to a story about a hedgehog.

(reading a poem by a student)

And the hedgehog ran away at night.
Nobody offended him.
He was sad already in the morning,
He was sad yesterday.
What was he, stupid, yearning for?
Nobody pestered him
We loved him so much
And ironed and washed,
But he curled up and trembled,
And then he took it and ran away.
Spiders scurried in the grass,
Crickets chirped softly.
WITH native nature in the world
The hedgehog was in his apartment.

Why did the hedgehog run away?

Why can't you take hedgehogs from the forest? (For a hedgehog, the forest is its home. The hedgehog eats forest pests, poisonous insects. In captivity, in corners of nature, hedgehogs are more susceptible to various diseases and then become carriers of them.)

Imagine that you find a cub in the forest. He seemed poor and abandoned to you and you took him home. A year later he grew up, you got tired of keeping him, and you decided to release him into the wild.

What awaits him in the forest? (He will die because he is not trained either to get food or to escape from enemies.)

What mistakes did you make when taking him home? (you can’t take the cubs, and if you have already taken them, then feed them for the rest of their lives or give them to the zoo)

Conclusion: Nature is our home, and a lot depends on a person to ensure order in this house.

So that the forests can bloom
And gardens and rivers,
Take care of all living things
You are in this world.
Love nature
Every blade of grass!
Be friends with the birds
Take care of the blade of grass.
Don't bring home a hedgehog
Don't touch the butterfly
Student, always remember:
There aren't that many of them!

7. Lesson summary.

What goal did we set at the beginning of the lesson?

Did you achieve your goal?

What new did you learn about animal life in spring?

Ask each other questions about this topic.

Why do animals shed in the spring?

Why are babies born in the spring?

Why do herbivores have more babies than carnivores? Etc.