We open fast food. Fast food financial plan. Fast food equipment

The article considers in detail such an idea for a small business as opening a street fast food enterprise: features of activity, prospects, stages of creation, as well as the basics of legal regulation.

Formation of the Russian market “fast food” belongs to the 90s. It was then that the first McDonald's was opened in Moscow - an enterprise Catering which caused a huge stir. Time has passed, but the popularity of "fast" food among various categories of consumers does not decrease.

This is due to the affordability, cost-effectiveness, and fast service typical of fast food. The whole variety of objects of such enterprises is divided into two main categories: stationary And street fast food.

Features of street fast food

street fast food- this is a format of public catering enterprises focused on the operational production of dishes from semi-finished products and their sale in street kiosks, pavilions, vans, buffets, as well as on mobile counters and carts. Distinctive feature such enterprises - single-product specialization.

It can be: pasties, hot dogs, burgers, sandwiches, baked potatoes, shawarma, chickens, barbecue, sushi, pizza, pancakes, pies, donuts, etc. Along with the main assortment, they also sell related products (up to 20% share): nuts, water, juices, chewing gum, etc. An independent segment of this market - the so-called fun food(“fun” food), which includes popcorn, cotton candy, chips, etc.

Among the features it is also worth noting seasonal factor: for enterprises "street" food is the least successful in January and February, the largest sales occur in spring and autumn.

Such enterprises, as a rule, are based on the basis of a stationary institution, or have production workshops, and dishes can also be produced directly in the trade pavilion. In the absence of a base enterprise and production shops original products are purchased from wholesalers. The three-component system of interaction between the main business links looks like in the following way:

Base enterprise (workshop, wholesale supplier)

Transport and communications

end point product sales

Street catering is democratic and has the lowest average check amount. Such a business is characterized by a low cost of opening a point ( from 7 to 15 thousand $), which allows it to develop rapidly. And its profitability is 10 times higher than the same indicator for a stationary enterprise. Business profit depends on the following main parameters: the number of points, the quality of the product, the choice of location, the correct assessment of the market.

The autonomy and mobility of street cafes allows them to work in any conditions, moving them in case of an unsuccessful location.

Business Prospect Factors

First worth noting - Russian modern market is still insufficiently provided with catering establishments for middle-class consumers. This niche is saturated today through the opening of democratic cafes and fast food enterprises. In this regard, investment activity is gradually shifting from the expensive segment to the segment of cafes and restaurants of the medium and low price category (street fast foods).

Next Factor prospects lies in the fact that the demand for street "quick" food is steadily increasing. If earlier the majority of people preferred to dine with sandwiches at work, today many people specially go out for lunch. At the same time, consumer demand in inexpensive public catering outlets has not yet been satisfied - after all, there are not so many places where you can have a quick and high-quality meal while spending 100-200 rubles.

In addition, the prospect of street fast food lies in the lowest level of investment risk compared to other categories of catering enterprises.

Choice of concept

First you need to determine the direction of the business according to the following characteristics.

Presence/absence of a national component(Russian cuisine - pancakes, pies; Japanese - sushi; kosher; oriental, etc.). The national format is emphasized not only by the assortment sold, but also by the appropriate design - the name, decor elements, colors.

Specialization on a specific product, the main of which are:

Grilled chickens - simultaneously with them, you can produce and sell wings, chicken legs, sausages, sausages, and other small meat products.
Shawarma is an oriental dish made from pita bread or pita stuffed with minced fried meat and vegetables.
Hot dog - hot sausage in a warmed bun, seasoned with sauces, often with vegetables.
Hot potatoes - baked potatoes in foil with butter, cheese and salads.
Sushi is Japanese cuisine made from fish, seafood, rice and special kind algae.
Salads - served cold dishes of finely chopped vegetables, eggs, meat, fish, fruits.
Pancakes - a Russian dish, prepared from yeast-free or yeast dough. Toppings are added to the finished pancake to taste.
Pirozhki - baked buns with filling.
Donuts - balls of dough fried in fat, sprinkled with sugar or smeared with chocolate, honey, caramel, etc.
Pizza is an Italian dish in the form of a baked round dough cake covered with tomatoes, cheese and various additives. Its variety is also gaining popularity - cone pizza and mini pizza.
Sandwiches, hot sandwiches - baked dishes made from bread and toppings placed on it.
Popcorn is a dish of corn kernels heated to a high temperature with salty or sweet additives.
Cotton candy is a sweet culinary product made from refined, cane or beet sugar.

In addition to the main assortment, visitors can be offered hot and cold drinks: tea, coffee, milkshakes, kvass, lemonade, etc. Important feature- since 2013, it is forbidden to sell alcohol in non-stationary premises, incl. low-alcohol products - such as beer, mead, cider, poiret.

Not only the choice of the necessary equipment, production technologies, design of the retail space directly depends on the concept of the institution, but also business profitability. So, for cotton candy, this figure is 1000%, for milkshakes 250%, donuts 250%; pies, popcorn - 100%, grilled chicken - 50%.

More information about the ideas for the provision of various catering services can be found in the fast food equipment section.

Business registration

On the this stage you need to open your own business or register as an individual entrepreneur, as well as register with tax authority, get a document on registration of cash register equipment.

Street fast food enterprises are most optimally registered in the form of IP.

OKVED codes

Suitable for the business in question the following types activities:

55.30 - “Activity of restaurants and cafes”;
52.62 - “Retail trade in stalls and markets”;
52.63 - “Other retail outside the stores.

Taxation

For the activities of street fast food registered with an individual entrepreneur, two taxation systems are most beneficial - UTII and PSN. At the "Moneymaker Factory" you can learn more about:

taxation of public catering services and accounting;

Accounting is carried out with the help of outsourcing or with the help of online accounting services ( for example, “My business”). At the initial stage, it is more reasonable to deal with logistics and administrative functions on your own.

Required permits, legal regulation of business

Home feature legal regulation of the activities of street fast food is that it completely unregulated. This is the main problem of business, since the requirements of various regulations for such enterprises sometimes contradict each other, and sometimes they are impossible to fulfill. To start activities, you must obtain a number of permits and approvals:

Permission to place a commercial mobile object

Street fast food businesses belong to non-stationary objects. The main regulatory act that determines the procedure for placing non-stationary objects is Post-e of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 29, 2010 N 772. According to it, the placement of such facilities is regulated by local governments (i.e., such enterprises must be installed in accordance with the requirements of the local administration).

In Moscow, this procedure is regulated by the Post of the Government of Moscow dated February 3, 2011 N 26-PP. Currently, outdoor retail facilities are placed on the terms of the auction.

Notification of the local authority of Rospotrebnadzor about the start of activities.
Coordination of recipes for sold dishes in Rospotrebnadzor (in some cases).
Carrying out registration procedures Vehicle(vans, trailers).
Permission of the migration service for the right to occupy labor activity(only for foreign citizens).

Choosing the location of the trade pavilion

When choosing the location of a street fast food business, factors such as:

population level of the region;
level of traffic intensity and mass character of people.

Based on this, the most effective placement of retail outlets is in places of greatest traffic: on central streets, ring roads, at public transport stops, near metro stations, in markets, next to office and public buildings, not far from educational institutions, in recreation areas, near airports, train stations.

Optimal trade pavilion area 4 - 8 m 2 . Its equipment must comply with the requirements of sanitary, fire and environmental standards.

Before deciding on the location of the outlet, it is worth asking the local administration in advance about the plans for improvement, development, reconstruction of the selected territory, as well as assessing the level of crime in the area.

Features of SES requirements for fast food enterprises

The basic requirements for catering establishments are contained in SanPiN 2.3.6.1079-01. These rules also apply to fast food establishments, although it is not always possible to fully comply with them.

In this case, it is advisable to follow clause 16 of the specified regulatory document “Requirements for Temporary Fast Food Catering Organizations”, according to which:

in the absence of centralized sewerage and water supply, an uninterrupted supply of water of the same quality as the water of centralized water supply is necessary;
the trade pavilion must be equipped with refrigeration equipment for perishable food products, ice cream, drinks;
it is allowed to use only disposable cutlery and utensils;
meals, as well as hot drinks, are allowed to be prepared using drinking bottled water;
it is necessary to provide for the availability of containers for collecting garbage and its timely removal;
mandatory sanitization and observance by the staff of the necessary rules of personal hygiene;
it is necessary to have a toilet for personnel within a radius of 100 m from the place of trade.

Purchase of equipment

The choice of the necessary equipment depends on the specialization of the business.

As for mobile tonars or kiosks, they can be purchased or rented. In the first In this case, there are significant savings on rent, but the initial investment increases, and tax payments arise. Second option- this is a business with minimal investment, while increasing rental costs.

Information about actual cost equipment for street fast food from our partners:

Staff

At the stage of opening a business, two sellers working in shifts are enough. They are also entrusted with the function of keeping the trading pavilion clean. You can search for employees by ads, as well as through specialized recruiting agencies. Staff must have health books.

Interesting Franchise: Waffle fast food, "VkusnoWaffle" (investment 290 thousand rubles, payback 4-6 months).

In a city of any size, there is always at least one kiosk with pies, pasties, shawarma or another dish fast food. Indeed, fast food is considered mainly the food of the townspeople - even if it is relatively harmful, but nevertheless tasty and satisfying. In addition, various hamburgers and hot dogs are inexpensive and ready in a matter of minutes, which is why customers willingly buy them at every opportunity.

Since the question of how to open fast food from scratch is of interest to many aspiring entrepreneurs, in large settlements the segment of cafes, stalls and even mobile eateries is developing rapidly. However, even under active competition it is quite possible to create a successful business in this area - it is enough to find a concept that distinguishes a new catering establishment from the rest: for example, a menu national cuisine, a special dish or an unusual service format.

Business features

The main feature of fast food is that it is far from a full-fledged catering establishment, most often with the most simplified menu. Unlike cafes and restaurants, such eateries cannot offer visitors a wide range of various dishes. In other words, the main disadvantage of this direction is the inability to meet the needs of absolutely all categories of customers.

On the other hand, the same drawback in certain circumstances turns into a virtue: as a result of standardization production processes cooking is greatly simplified and accelerated, which fully meets both the interests of the business owner and the needs of customers. In addition, opening a small fast food restaurant is also beneficial for other reasons that attract people to it:

Dishes have a rather pleasant taste;
Using the services of a snack bar, you can save time;
Snack prices are quite affordable for most customers;
Possessing energy value food makes you feel full quickly.

However, fast food products cannot be called healthy due to the high concentration of fats, carbohydrates and spices in them. Therefore, some part of the audience, consisting mainly of supporters healthy lifestyle life, such a diet categorically does not accept.

In large cities, the bulk of eatery customers are represented by office workers, students and working youth. Therefore, fast food establishments are located mainly in the center, not far from shopping, entertainment and business centers. Outskirts and even densely populated sleeping areas are not suitable for these purposes, since here the level of traffic does not reach the required minimum.

However, to open fast food in small town, you need to use a slightly different strategy. Here, families with children, schoolchildren and young people most often act as visitors to the diner, and therefore the entrepreneur should focus on affordable prices and room design. In the process of decorating the trading floor, he will have to use all possible artistic techniques to attract the attention of kids and teenagers, install slot machines in the establishment, provide free Internet access, invite animators or think over a program of entertainment numbers.

Trade Format

What fast food to open? The question of choosing the optimal format of the institution is primarily of interest to entrepreneurs who want to get the maximum return on the capital invested in the business. Classifying eateries according to the method of trade, you can get the following list:

Stationary cafe. Most often it is a catering establishment equipped with tables and a distribution counter with a menu located on it. To open a fast food cafe, you need to rent an appropriate room, make repairs in it, divide the space into a kitchen and shopping room. Visitors can be offered hamburgers, various chicken and potato dishes, salads, pancakes, desserts and drinks;
Cafe in the food court. Many Malls, shopping or entertainment centers they allocate large areas for organizing a food zone, set tables in the center of the hall, and divide the perimeter into boxes and rent it out to entrepreneurs who want to open mini fast food. This format allows you to save on the repair and arrangement of cafes, as well as get a guaranteed flow of customers;
Street kiosk. Lack of space usually does not allow placing a full set of specialized equipment here, therefore, before opening a fast food stall, it is recommended to choose the main direction (for example, hamburgers, shawarma, pancakes, pizza, hot dogs) and focus on it. The main disadvantage of this option is the complexity of land acquisition and obtaining the necessary permits;
Trading from a cart. This business format is most popular with start-up entrepreneurs, since you can open street fast food with a capital of 50–75 thousand rubles. The dimensions of the trolley allow you to install only one cooking device, so the range of the outlet is limited to the only dish that does not require complex production - hot dogs, hamburgers, popcorn, cotton candy;
Mobile diner. To open a mobile fast food on wheels, you should purchase a van, minibus or special trailer, and then equip it with the necessary equipment: the available area of 6-10 m² allows you to place inside not only two or three types of units for making pizza, hamburgers, pancakes, and even dumplings, but also refrigerators, production tables, cabinets and a sink. This business format, which is still unusual for the domestic consumer, is of the greatest interest among start-up entrepreneurs.

The documents

Registration of a catering enterprise equipped with production is accompanied by a huge number of certificates, certificates and certificates, so entrepreneurs who consider fast food on wheels as a business need to prepare for the fact that this process will be long and resource-intensive.

First of all, it is necessary to submit to the tax service an application for the creation of a new individual entrepreneur, indicating in it the selected OKVED codes and the preferred form of taxation (UTII, STS or PSN). After receiving the registration certificate, you need to start preparing the rest of the documents - the entrepreneur will be able to open fast food only after obtaining permits and contracts according to the following list:

Certificate of registration with the IFTS;
Letter with OKVED codes from Roskomstat;
Permission of Rospotrebnadzor to conduct activities;
Permission to place a non-stationary retail facility;
Contracts with municipal water and electricity suppliers;
Hygienic certificates for fast food equipment;
Permission to conduct activities from the State Fire Supervision;
Production control program;
Contracts for the implementation of works on disinfection and disinfestation of the facility;
Agreement with public utilities on the disposal of solid waste and food waste;
Agreement on the regular washing of uniforms;
Agreement on the disinfection of ventilation systems;
PTS (required when registering a fast food van on wheels);
Sanitary passport of the vehicle;
Sanitary books of sellers;
Quality certificates for raw materials and semi-finished products.

Fast food on wheels is classified by law as temporary catering establishments. The basic requirements for their arrangement, which are contained in the relevant section of SanPiN, suggest that:

In the absence of a connection to a centralized or stationary water supply and sewerage system, an uninterrupted supply of clean water is required for the operation of a retail outlet;
The mobile facility should be equipped with refrigerators that provide the storage conditions required for perishable products;
The sale of food is allowed only with the use of disposable tableware;
Fast food dishes and hot drinks (coffee, tea, chocolate) can be prepared on the basis of factory bottled drinking water;
It is necessary to install containers for garbage inside and near the outlet, as well as ensure the timely disposal of such waste;
The mobile object is subject to regular sanitization;
Personnel during work must observe the basic rules of personal hygiene;
The toilet must be located within 100 m from the outlet.

Location selection

Buying a fast food truck on wheels is only half the battle: no prime location this business unlikely to be profitable. However, in the process of searching for suitable points, an entrepreneur will inevitably encounter main problem mobile shopping: you can’t just stop at the nearest popular shopping center and start selling hamburgers to people.

Plots in cities according to the form of ownership are divided into private and municipal. In the first case, you need to contact the owner of the land and conclude a lease agreement with him. In the second - to study the legislation governing the placement of non-stationary objects: according to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, this issue is dealt with by the local administration, which determines the places for the possible installation of mobile fast food establishments and issues the appropriate permits.

Thus, an entrepreneur who is going to open a fast food business should form a small list of five to six options outlet location. Sites to be preferred:

On the territory of markets or not far from them, on the way to stops;
At shopping centers and hypermarkets that do not have their own culinary department;
At business and office centers;
At the intersections traffic flows, at train stations and near metro stations;
Near large educational institutions - institutes or universities;
In places of folk festivals and recreation of citizens;
On busy streets with heavy traffic.

You can also buy a fast food van on wheels and serve various mass events: organizers of concerts, festivals and city holidays often offer food truck owners places and access to a huge audience of potential customers, charging for this rent in the range of 3-20 thousand rubles per day. Such expenses pay off in full: sometimes located here outlets in two days they fulfill the monthly sales plan.

Range

The menu of a fast food outlet is most directly related to its location, therefore, before opening fast food on wheels, it is necessary to develop an assortment in accordance with possible places for trading. For example, in sleeping areas, dishes are in demand that can complement a full dinner - grilled chicken, sausages, pizza, baked potatoes, sushi. In places with high traffic, where people are in a hurry on business, various pies, pasties, hot dogs and hamburgers are more in demand, with which you can satisfy your hunger literally on the go.

It is impossible to buy all the possible equipment for fast food, therefore, to form the menu of a mobile eatery, they use specialization in any one product and its derivatives (pancakes, potatoes), or include only national dishes (Chinese, Caucasian, Mexican, Italian) in the assortment. What can be found in fast food establishments:

Grilled dishes - sausages, sausages, chicken carcasses;
Chicken dishes - wings, chicken legs, nuggets;
Shawarma from lamb, chicken, pork;
Hot dogs, corn dogs, sausages in dough;
Chebureki with various fillings;
Potato baked in foil with spices and cheese;
Rustic potatoes;
French fries;
Sushi and rolls with fish and seafood;
Salads from vegetables, meat, fish;
Pancakes with various fillings;
Patties with potatoes, meat, rice, eggs, jam;
Donuts with glaze;
Pizza classic, cone and mini-pizza;
Hamburgers, cheeseburgers, fishburgers;
Sandwiches or hot sandwiches;
Popcorn with salt or sweet toppings;
Cotton candy.

The range must be supplemented with both hot (coffee, tea, chocolate) and soft drinks (juices, mineral water, kvass, lemonade). In addition, the presence on the menu of some original position will help to attract and interest customers - for example, fish chips (fillet in batter), Mexican tacos and burritos, Greek souvlaki (small skewers on skewers).

The manufacturing process of each dish must be standardized so that employees have no doubts about the recipe or the length of time in the oven for a particular snack. Therefore, at the stage of developing the assortment, the entrepreneur must contact a specialist who is able to draw up flow charts - detailed instructions for cooks containing information on the correct dosage of ingredients, temperature conditions and duration of heat treatment.

Equipment

Understanding how to open fast food, an entrepreneur must study the characteristics various kinds production equipment and draw up a complete specification, including everything necessary for conducting activities in the chosen direction. Of course, you should not buy a complete set of units right away: it is better to start with one or two main devices, and then, in accordance with consumer demand, gradually expand the range, including new dishes.

In addition to fast food equipment on wheels, the shopping list will have to include various equipment (shovels, knives, cutting boards), gastronomic containers for ingredients, water tanks and wastebaskets, and employee uniforms.

The basis for a mobile snack bar can be a full-sized minibus, truck or trailer, equipped in accordance with the requirements for non-stationary fast food outlets: today, suppliers offer entrepreneurs to buy fast food on wheels both in the basic version and fully equipped with a variety of appliances. All units must be securely fastened to the floor to prevent them from moving or being damaged during transport.

Below is indicative list equipment designed for the production and sale of pizza, hamburgers, sandwiches, french fries and other deep-fried dishes, as well as hot drinks, juices and mineral water:

Fast food equipment

Name	price, rub.	Quantity, pcs.	Cost, rub.
Vehicle
Two-axle trailer MZSA 815001	243000	1	243000
Production equipment
Freezer chest	24900	1	24900
Refrigerated table	39800	1	39800
pizza oven	36600	1	36600
frying surface	22600	1	22600
fryer	8900	1	8900
Filling station	136200	1	136200
Slicer	17400	1	17400
electronic scales	10500	1	10500
Wall shelf	2300	2	4600
Production table	4200	3	12600
Umbrella exhaust	16300	1	16300
Multi-tier rack	8100	1	8100
Shelf cabinet	11300	1	11300
coffee machine	36000	1	36000
Small refrigerating cabinet	28800	1	28800
Small proofing cabinet	19800	1	19800
Other equipment
Water heating boiler	8900	1	8900
sink with mixer	3500	1	3500
Clean water tank	1500	1	1500
Dirty water tank	1500	1	1500
Waste tank	1000	1	1000
Pipes and electrical wires	–	–	5000
Inventory
Small gastronomic container	660	12	7920
Large gastronomic container	820	10	8200
Container with lid	700	4	2800
Pizza knife	680	1	680
Knife set	2500	1	2500
Spatula culinary	430	1	430
Furnace brush	1300	1	1300
Cutting board	630	1	630
pizza board	540	1	540
Pizza grid	420	6	2520
Spoon garnish	260	1	260
Juice container	180	6	720
Pepper mill	1600	1	1600
French fries net	300	1	300
A uniform	1250	2	2500
Total:			731700

Staff

One of the main principles of the fast food industry is minimizing the time spent on cooking. Therefore, people working here must be able to quickly and accurately perform the entire technological sequence of operations, from defrosting raw materials to packing the finished product into packaging. Also, in dealing with customers, tact, patience and goodwill are welcome.

To ensure the smooth functioning of the food truck, two employees are required, who alternately replace each other every two days. In order to increase motivation, it is better for them to accrue wages according to the principle “rate + percentage of revenue”, but not less than a certain fixed amount.

It is recommended to hire women aged 30 to 55 with some experience in the field of trade or catering. Finding such people is quite difficult, since all experienced specialists are usually employed, but the owner of the diner should try hard - the success of the enterprise directly depends on the qualifications of the workers. In general, requirements for applicants include:

Availability of relevant professional knowledge;
At least 2-3 years of experience in the food service industry;
Ability to communicate with customers;
Responsibility, decency, diligence;
Ability to work with fast food equipment.

Also, entrepreneurs pay attention to the remoteness of the candidate's area of residence from the place of work: for those who use two or three types of transport, it is much more difficult to be on time due to traffic jams and other unforeseen circumstances.

Promotion

To build a successful business, it is not enough to know how to open a fast food outlet: without actively attracting customers, any type of commercial activity is doomed to failure. Fast food customers usually prefer well-known brands, so the main effort of the entrepreneur should be directed to promoting the brand and increasing awareness of it among potential customers.

The implementation of a marketing strategy primarily includes correct design point of sale. The appearance of the diner should attract the attention of passers-by, be different from competitors, be unambiguously associated with food and inform customers about the range of dishes on offer. For these purposes, branding is used - a set of measures that includes:

Development of your own corporate identity - logo, colors, fonts;
Manufacture and installation of signboards, banners, pavement signs;
Pasting the car with a decorative film, applying inscriptions and a slogan.

A recognizable corporate identity is a must for the successful promotion of mobile fast food. It is desirable to print a logo and a slogan on packaging, napkins and dishes: of course, it is difficult to foresee such trifles at the start, but in the future such an advertising move will have a significant impact on the amount of profit. You can also attract additional visitors with the help of some competitive advantages:

Adequate pricing policy;
Larger portion sizes;
High speed service;
The presence of an exclusive dish on the menu.

Investments

To determine how much it costs to open a fast food restaurant, an entrepreneur needs to complete some economic calculations independently, since the costs of creating a business in each case depend on the specialization of the outlet and the price category production equipment. For example, for the pizza and hamburger food truck mentioned above, the list of initial investments would look like this:

Capital investment

So, the first thing you need to open fast food on wheels is a capital of 900 thousand rubles. At the next stage of drawing up a business plan, it is necessary to calculate the cost of maintaining and ensuring the functioning of the enterprise, taking into account all possible overhead and non-production costs - from renting a plot of land to paying for parking:

Monthly expenses

Article	Amount, rub.
Land lease	15000
Electricity	8640
Water	1000
Salary	40000
payroll tax	12000
IP insurance premiums	2300
Raw material	330000
Disposable tableware	12000
Marketing expenses	10000
Administrative expenses	5000
Trailer parking fees	2500
Total:	438440

Income and profitability

According to statistics, the average check for mobile eateries is 180-250 rubles. To determine the possible number of visitors, you need to count the traffic at the selected locations of the diner three times a day. At the same time, only representatives of the target audience should be taken into account - people under the age of 40 with an average level of income.

For example, an entrepreneur determined that 80-85 people passed by the point within an hour. It can be expected that 10% of them will make purchases: accordingly, during the day the enterprise will serve about a hundred people. It should be noted that the minimum allowable attendance level is at the level of 35-40 customers per day - otherwise the diner starts to operate at a loss. However, to solve this problem, it is just advisable to take advantage of the main advantage of mobile fast food - the ability to move to a new place.

Fast food profit

Conclusion

A novice entrepreneur who is about to open fast food should take into account the presence of some seasonal factor in this business: indeed, in the cold season, eating outdoors can hardly be called comfortable. In order to reduce the impact of negative circumstances on the level of sales, the assortment of the outlet needs to be constantly adjusted, adding more hot dishes to it in winter, as well as ice cream and cold drinks in summer.

During the period that fast food establishments are represented in Russia, they have not lost their relevance. On the contrary, cafes where you can have a quick bite to eat are becoming increasingly popular. This opens up great prospects for entrepreneurs in terms of making a profit. But the organization of such a business will require significant capital investments, which not everyone will be able to afford. But beginners have a great chance to master this niche - to open street fast food. There will be much less bureaucratic nuances that will need to be resolved without fail.

Our business valuation:

Starting investments - from 450,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The complexity of starting a business is 5/10.

Street fast food is a catering format that involves fast cooking"uncomplicated" food from semi-finished products. Activities are carried out either in stationary kiosks or by means of mobile carts. The main feature is that any one type of product is being sold.
In Russia, street selling fast food is not as common as in America. Here it is a whole "culture" - they sell a variety of food from the stalls, which is very loved by the Americans. But this does not mean that our “quick” menu will not be popular. The main thing is to find a passing place and offer customers delicious quality dishes. If there are few competitors in your city in this segment, you have a great chance to organize a highly profitable business. How to open street fast food in Russia?

The choice of concept is the basis of the planned business

First of all, decide on the food that you will sell. Street fast food as a business, depending on the menu, can be opened in several directions:

shawarma,
grilled chicken,
hot dogs,
spring rolls,
Pizza,
sandwiches and hot sandwiches,
popcorn,
cotton candy,
pies.

The popularity of grilled chicken stalls is not as high now as it was a couple of years ago - stalls are closing one after another. But shawarma, sandwiches and hot dogs are still loved by our compatriots - a great option for starting a business. Mobile popcorn or cotton candy carts are a summer business and not at all suitable for year-round profit.

To decide which "fast" food will sell well, analyze the market, assessing the level of competition and the specific location where the stall will be installed.

The nuances of registering a business

To open a street fast food stall, a businessman will need to register with as an individual entrepreneur, register with the tax office and issue cash registers for settlements with customers.

Select the appropriate OKVED code. This one may come up - 52.62 "Retail trade in tents and markets."

To trade food on the street, you will need to obtain a lot of permits from supervisory authorities. And here a number of difficulties arise, since this issue is resolved quite poorly at the legislative level - there are a lot of contradictory points. The stall for fast food will be checked by sanitary services and local bodies of Rospotrebnadzor. Also, all recipes according to which it is planned to prepare dishes must be agreed and approved. If you are going to buy a van for mobile trading, the vehicle must be registered and registered.

The street food counter and kitchenette should always be kept clean. The fact that you will sell "fast" food does not relieve you of the responsibility of selling quality and fresh dishes. Every year, hundreds of stalls are closed in large cities due to non-compliance with sanitary standards - do not make the mistakes of negligent entrepreneurs.

Choosing the “right” location for the point of sale

The profit from trade will largely depend on where exactly the fast food tent will stand. Pay maximum attention to this issue.

To conduct business, large areas are not required - 4-10 m2 will be enough. Tonar you can rent or purchase as a property. In the second case, you will spend more at the start, but further variable costs will be significantly reduced.

The key to a quick payback for a street stall with “fast” food is a passable place. Good profitability indicators are observed at retail outlets located in the city center, not far from bus and railway stations, large shopping centers. Surely in every major city there will be an unoccupied place for organizing a business.

How much to invest in the purchase of equipment?

You can buy equipment for street fast food without making a particularly large investment. Specific expenses will depend on the business concept chosen earlier. As a rule, to organize a small stall selling hot dishes (shawarma, hot dogs, pancakes, pies), entrepreneurs purchase the following commercial equipment:

ovens,
microwave,
special pancakes,
heated counters,
grill,
coffee makers and teapots,
refrigerators.

The purchase of everything you need will take no more than 400,000 rubles. You can meet a smaller amount if you purchase supported equipment - up to 200,000 rubles. And buying special machines for popcorn and cotton candy will cost less than others. You will buy everything you need without spending even 60,000 rubles.

What is the profitability of the planned business?

As practice shows, equipment for fast food and street trading pays off very quickly - not even a year passes. But this is only in the case of a passable place and a high demand for the food offered.

It will take about 450,000-500,000 rubles to launch a "street" business selling hot food (together with equipment and business registration). The specific profit will depend on the prices of the proposed menu and customer demand. When calculating profitability, be guided by the following indicators - the markup on dishes in this area is at least 100%. And these are excellent indicators of profitability, allowing the entrepreneur to receive high incomes.

Gives his advice on starting a fast food business CEO company "Kroshka-potato", Andrey KONONCHUK.

For this business huge role plays the location of the van. 100 meters to the right or to the left - they matter. It happens that the difference in revenue between two points that are located within sight is 50%. Therefore, it is necessary not only to determine the very “good place”, but also to get the right to take it. Now it is very difficult to obtain permits in Moscow.

Before you start investing in this business, find a trading place and determine whose it is. If this is municipal land, look for the right official and arrange everything accordingly. As for shopping centers, it is now simply impossible to agree on the placement of a retail outlet near them for less than $500. For a novice entrepreneur, this is unprofitable and impractical.

The initial investment in this business is really low. An equipped auto buffet costs 10-15 thousand dollars, a grill - about 8 thousand. This should also include the cost of developing a corporate style. Further costs will be associated with the payment of salaries to employees and the purchase of products.

But don't expect big profits right away. Your product should be relatively inexpensive (more expensive than grandma's, but cheaper than McDonald's). The turnover of one non-stationary point of "Crumbs-potatoes" is up to 500 dollars per day.

It is not so important to determine what exactly from a wide range of fast food you will trade. Today, there are many outlets offering a variety of dishes, ranging from potatoes and pancakes to exotic Korean snacks.

Your choice is up to you. The only thing to consider is the location of your van. So, in "sleeping" areas or new buildings, grilled chickens are sold better, they are bought so as not to cook at home. But in passing places, such chickens will be much less popular - there are few people who want to eat chicken on the go, pouring grease on their hands (where to wash them afterwards? And it’s easy to get clothes dirty!). And, on the contrary, it is absolutely inexpedient to set up tents of other fast food in the areas of new buildings, even near the metro. It is unlikely that anyone will buy fast food if there are a few meters left to the house and a hot full dinner is waiting there. Set up your tents near the metro, entertainment areas, and central squares.

If you plan to organize a round-the-clock operation of a point, choosing a place becomes a doubly important task. It is very difficult to find a place where a continuous flow of customers at any time would be guaranteed. But a constant stream ... cars can be found. It is better to have such a round-the-clock buffet near the road. Customers are guaranteed day and night. At the same time, paradoxically, black hole”turn out to be parks - people appear there only in the evening, and even then - in the summer.

A beginner should know that if after the end of peak demand within an hour not a single buyer comes to you, the outlet will become unprofitable.

Practice shows: if you place your autobuffet next to "Baby Potato" or "Russian Pancakes", then the revenue will not only not decrease, but probably even increase. The trick is that a certain “food zone” is being formed, where people go specifically to eat. Eating one potato every day is boring, but if there is a choice, it always attracts customers. The existing "food zone" will attract additional visitors.

Everyone knows that the level and quality of a restaurant depends on its management, which, in turn, directly affects the ordinary staff. It depends on the level of service. But in this business, auto buffets are scattered throughout the city and you can’t assign a separate manager to each one. It turns out that abuse in our system is much more likely than in the case of a stationary cafe.

There are especially many problems with "weight" fast food, where the product is superimposed with a measuring spoon. It is really difficult to clearly put the prescribed portion, but you can “make a mistake” on purpose, “undergive” two or three customers, and put the saved portion to your regular client, and put the money in your pocket. So for the shift you can collect an amount equal to the daily profit. This is the main scourge of street trading. In this regard, piece trade is much more profitable.

Of course, you can arrange general checks. But you can’t do this during peak hours, buyers may be indignant. You can arrange unexpected inspections, test purchases. But this requires an increase in staff, and start-up entrepreneurs can hardly afford it right away.

I advise you to hire older women. Older women, unlike younger ones, have something to lose, which means they work more responsibly.

Salary is highly dependent on performance. In summer, if the point is at good location, salary can reach (and even exceed) 50 dollars per shift. And in winter, in frost, it decreases. But there is a stipulated minimum - the seller cannot receive less than 250 rubles for a shift that lasts 24 hours.

Beginning entrepreneurs should think about developing their own corporate identity at an early stage. By doing so, you position yourself as a company that takes business seriously. If you spend money on design and decoration, then you can no longer afford to shrug off issues of product quality.

Try to add some zest to the process of cooking fast food. In the case of "Baby Potato" it is the process of turning a hot potato pulled out of the oven into a puree.

"Street" has its advantages - such trade is very cost-effective. Moreover, if the autobuffet is on wheels (that is, it can be moved at any moment), there is no need to draw up a land allocation for it, which means that running costs will be minimal, usually no more than $ 500-700 per month. The profit from some similar points in the summer is even higher than that of stationary catering establishments.

The only negative is the constant communication with the SES, tax, trade, gas technical inspections, with firefighters ... With a stationary institution, this is easier - you get permission from the SES once. But without a well-developed and cost-effective street network, it is almost impossible to build a sufficient number of stationary points. A stationary point is 5 times more expensive than a street point, the cost of its creation will be about 60 thousand dollars. Yes, and rental rates in some shopping malls reach about 8 thousand dollars a month (for comparison: an auto buffet costs from 50 to 100 dollars a month). But sales volumes are almost identical. But hospitals are the future. Kroshka Potato already has stationary outlets in IKEA, Auchan, Ramstor and other stores.

Set yourself up for success. A self-confident person is more likely to convince potential partners. It is best to start with three auto buffets. It is not advisable to open one point - the same hassle to open, but the profit is much less. But even a larger number - four or five - already requires additional investments: buying cars, searching for new personnel.

In general, think big and plan your network right away. It will definitely pay off.

Based on materials from an interview with Olga Koleva for Business magazine

Many trends do not come to us in the CIS immediately, but the culture of fast food has long settled in cities. Before it's too late, you should start your own business in this direction. We will look at how to open fast food from scratch: how much it costs, what documents are needed, how best to organize work, and what is generally a really profitable option for business now.

Peculiarities

In any, even a small town, there is at least one cafe of such fast food. Fast food is the food of urban residents, and even if it is quite harmful, it helps a lot not to waste your own time on cooking, and not all food quickly prepared by someone else is harmful.

In addition, these dishes are quite inexpensive and too tasty, for which they like to order even without urgent need. fast food in this moment extremely popular, and not only among a certain stratum of people, both young people and old people can find their favorite fast food option.

The format of a street establishment is also popular with people due to the fact that it is possible to quickly look on the way to work, study, or even walking around interesting places in the city.

To use as an example, you can download for free.

Choosing a format and direction

In order to open fast food, it is necessary, first of all, to decide on the format of the establishment. There are only two standard formats:

Fast food restaurant.
Kiosk on wheels.

Undoubtedly, for the first option it is necessary where more investments at the start, in order to create a really interesting and unusual project as a result. The second option is much simpler, and allows you to collect more customers in different places in the city, therefore it is more suitable for a novice entrepreneur.

At the same time, the first option, designed correctly, will bring much more profit and will allow you to quickly spread to a whole network of establishments.

In addition to the format, you will have to choose the main direction of the institution, that is, the type of cuisine that will be dominant in the assortment. To be successful, do not be afraid of interesting and unusual ideas, but it is better to analyze what your region needs.

The main directions are either related to the national food of different countries, or they concentrate on one product (chicken, potatoes, vegetables, etc.). Basically, people put on the following dishes:

grilled chicken and sausages;
shawarma or hot dog with fillers;
potatoes with fillers;
and oriental soups;
cold and hot salads;
pancakes with fillings;
pies with different fillings;
donuts with different flavors;
with different fillings;
sandwiches and other format of sandwiches;
popcorn of different flavors;
cotton candy.

In addition, almost every establishment also serves drinks, mostly hot in the cold season and chilled in the summer. Also, depending on the direction, the format is often chosen.

If you are, then you can choose both an indoor space and a stall, but grilled chicken, for example, is served exclusively in kiosks. It is important to remember that it is forbidden to sell even low-alcohol drinks like beer and cider in non-stationary establishments.

Registration

When developing a business plan for fast food indoors or on wheels, first of all, you will have to take care of all the necessary documents. For both business formats, the list of documentation is almost the same.

The first step is to register as a Sole Proprietor. LLC is not suitable for beginners and is needed by entrepreneurs who are ready to immediately open a large-scale network from several points. When registering, you will have to indicate the OKVED code, and the following will suit you:

30 - the activities of restaurants and cafes.
62 - retail trade in stalls and markets.
63 - other retail trade outside stores.

You also need to choose a taxation system. Best Option here will be USN. It remains only to receive necessary permissions from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station and the fire service, as well as to obtain certificates for the purchased equipment.

room

Often there are already several fast food outlets in the city, and this greatly complicates the task for anyone who is going to try it. If you are sure that you are near the campus, business center or there is a place along the tourist route with a minimum level of competition and high traffic of people, then hurry to take it as quickly as possible.

It will be easier for those who decide to make money in a kiosk on wheels, because it is allowed to be translated and placed in the most different places, looking for the most profitable point.

The main rule for beginners is not to try to "butt" with well-known companies. It is better to find a different place or choose a sharply different direction of cuisine. Also, a novice entrepreneur should not choose places directly in shopping malls and shopping centers, because the rent there is too high for a small wallet.

It would be a good idea to install an establishment close to others, but with a different format, in order to make it look like a "food court" and attract more customers to this place.

Equipment

Of course, in order to open a fast food cafe or a fast food kiosk on wheels, you will have to purchase some devices and machines. Some beginners, in order to save on the purchase of drinks and cooling equipment for them, enter into an agreement for the sale of drinks of a specific brand, and then the equipment is provided free of charge.

The rest of the devices already need to be bought, and it is better to do this from suppliers with a good reputation. The list of equipment that in any case will be needed for this type of enterprise includes:

microwave;
refrigerator and freezer;
showcase;
coffee machine;
kettle;
electric stove;
table for working with food;
cash register.

It should not be forgotten that the organization of an establishment of a particular direction you have chosen will require specific equipment, whether it be a crepe maker, grill, waffle maker or other apparatus. But do not overdo it, and buy one thing for a start, only gradually expanding the range.

The list of purchases will also need to include such necessary equipment as dishes for the client: cups, forks, napkins, etc., as well as additional inventory in the form of tools and utensils for the cook: containers, knives, ladles, etc.

Staff

Even in a small establishment, several hands are required, so you need to take care of finding the right employee in advance. The main duties of the kiosk and restaurant are to collect the laws of visitors, prepare products and package them, and receive payment from the client. You also need to regularly clean the premises, constantly wash dishes and be able to maintain equipment.

It has large area, therefore it requires more hands: at least one chef, salesperson, cleaner and technician each. The stall can handle two people - a cook and a seller.

The fast food industry requires people who can quickly do the job, and this is what you should pay attention to in the first place. We also need responsible people, and in the case of the seller, they are also friendly, patient and tactful. Remember that each employee is required to issue a sanitary book.

We think over the assortment

Naturally, for a different direction, the menu will be radically different, but you need to follow a few main rules for doing such a business. You have to bet on a certain product or some other special feature in order to be able to correctly compose a menu. The more “hodgepodge”, the less likely it is to combine and sell these dishes together.

Examples of a properly constructed assortment can be seen everywhere: KFC and chicken meat, Kroshka Potato and potatoes with the rest of home cooking, Teremok and a variety of all kinds of pancakes, Starbucks and coffee in large assortment. Remember that some foods require additions, such as shawarma and all sorts of vegetables, cheese, and sometimes french fries. Drinks are also extremely important, because often the food is too dry.

Video: how to open a fast food business from scratch with minimal investment?

We determine the profitability of a business

The last thing that remains to be known is how much does it cost to open a fast food business on your own and keep it running, and what is the payback of such a business project? Everyone will have to calculate this on their own, since this business involves extremely different directions and formats in terms of costs. As an example, let's take a small fast food cafe specializing in the preparation of sweet products: waffles and pies.

*Expense Line*	*Amount of expenses, thousand rubles*
Initial rent for two months	100
Purchase of equipment and furniture	70
Repair of premises and installation of equipment	70
Public Utilities	20
Paperwork	15
Salary of all staff (out of three people)	70
Purchasing additional inventory	30
Marketing Campaign	20
Purchase of raw materials for cooking	100
Unexpected expenses	20
Total:	515

Half a million rubles is the average cost of a fast food establishment in the CIS - in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and other countries. Approximate income for the first time for such a cafe is 10 thousand rubles per day, which for a month of work will result in an average of 350 thousand.

It remains only to subtract the costs, which will have to be calculated monthly, and you get a net profit of about 70 thousand rubles. Further expansion planning will help increase the range, include unusual novelties thereby increasing profits and increasing the customer base. Full payback from scratch occurs in about six months.

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