The longest living planet earth. The most famous centenarians

Probably, each of us was visited by the thought that we would like to live as long as possible. Perhaps someone is not averse to claiming the title of "The longest living person in the world." So, who are centenarians and what is the secret of their longevity?

A long-liver among the human race is one whose age is much more than the average norm. Each country has its own age limit. For example, in the USA this figure is 85 years, in Russia - 90 years. The global centenarian is 90 years old.

Based on the official data of the Book of Records, the longest-lived person in the world among women is Jeanne-Louise Kalman from France, who has reached 122 years old, and among men, Jiroemon Kimura from Japan, who lived to 116 years old. Let's get to know them a little better.

Longest living person in the world: Jeanne Calment

In her life, this respectable lady has never encountered work, which, in her opinion, is the secret of longevity. Instead of wasting time sitting in the office, Kelman worked out. Her program included a wide variety of sports - from tennis to fencing. My long life the Frenchwoman associated with the fact that she ate a lot of vegetables and practically did not eat meat products. It is worth noting that Jeanne Kelman smoked even at her one hundred and seventeen years old. The reason for quitting smoking was not at all the state of her health, but the very fact that she had to ask someone to light a cigarette, since she herself almost lost her sight. Jeanne Kelman died in August 1997.

Famous centenarians of the XXI century: Jiroemon Kimura

He was born in the city of Ketango, worked at the post office until retirement. But instead of a well-deserved rest, I decided to do agriculture. Kimura celebrated his 116th birthday in the circle of a huge number of relatives: 15 grandchildren, 24 great-grandchildren and 14 great-great-grandchildren. The mayor of Ketango came to visit him personally for his birthday. In order to live at least a hundred years, you need to eat fish. This is the secret of longevity from the point of view of this centenarian. The Japanese did not drink alcohol, did not overeat, but smoked. Jiroemon Kimura died on June 12, 2013.

If we take historical data, then the title of "The oldest person in the world" deserves the Chinese Li Ching-Yun. He died in 1933 at the age of 256. Throughout his life, he had 23 wives and 180 heirs. Physically, Lee Ching-Yun was strong: at the age of 70 he taught martial arts in the Chinese army. To improve his health, the man used infusions from medicinal herbs that I collected myself. Doing exercises with early childhood, peace of mind, eating rice and wine is the secret of Lee Ching-Yun's longevity. According to China's archives, the world's longest-lived person received 150th and 200th anniversary congratulations from the Chinese Imperial Government.

The most famous country in terms of the number of centenarians is Japan, the second place belongs to Sweden, in the third place is Great Britain. The secret of longevity of the inhabitants of these countries can be considered eating a large number seafood, soy, green tea. According to modern scientists, the most long-lived people have a certain genetic combination that allows them to live long. All over the world such unique people only about 5%. Of course, life expectancy is influenced not only by this factor, but also by many other things: our lifestyle, various diseases, stress, ecology, nutrition.

In the interdisciplinary science called "sociobiology" there is a special concept - longevity, or longevity. It combines all cases of high "survivability" - a phenomenon in which a person steps over the maximum possible age limits. On the present stage long-livers are people over 90 years old, but for some, even this is not a figure at all! So how old were and are the oldest people in the world?

Many of the oldest people in the world have passed away by now, such as Jeanne Louise Calment, who holds the absolute record in terms of age attained, both among those who have already died and among those who are living today. Jeanne was born in French city Arles on February 21, 1875, and died on August 4, 1997 - she was 122 years and 164 days old!

Kalman was born into a bourgeois family. Her father, Nicolas, who knew the art of shipbuilding perfectly, was a member of the city council. Mother Margaret, descended from a family of millers, was engaged in farming. The family had to endure a lot of grief - even before the birth of Zhanna, her parents buried 2 small children, a boy and a girl. However, the heirs that appeared after the Kalmans were distinguished by good genes and health. For example, Jeanne's brother, Francois, was also included in the category of centenarians - he was able to celebrate 97 birthdays.

Jeanne has lived in Arles all her life. Already in adulthood, the woman recalled how, as a 13-year-old teenager, she worked part-time in her father's shop, where she met ... Vincent van Gogh himself, a Dutch post-impressionist painter! However, then the guest did not make any impression on Jeanne. Kalman noticed that the creator was dirty, smelly and unfriendly.

It so happened that Jeanne survived both her husband Fernand Nicolas, who was her second cousin and died of poisoning with spoiled berries, and her daughter Yvonne, who died of pneumonia, and the grandson of Frederic Jean-Paul Billot, who died in a car accident. In order to maintain the opportunity to live comfortably, the lonely 90-year-old Jeanne made a deal with the lawyer François Raffret, the latter had to pay the woman 2,500 French francs a month in exchange for her apartment, which became the property of a lawyer only after Calment's death. Alas, Raffre never saw this apartment. He assumed that the old woman would die soon, but he simply did not expect to run into a man whose age would be the greatest in all world history! As a result, the man died first, and the responsibility for the monthly payment of 2,500 French francs for 2 years passed to his widow. The apartment still went to the Raffre family, but paid for it was three times the real market value.

Kalman smoked, and also did not refuse wine and chocolate, which she loved very much. The last sweet, containing useful antioxidants, in principle, is called by researchers almost the key to longevity - it turned out that almost all of the oldest people on Earth ate a lot of chocolate. If we talk about Jeanne, then she also included fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and was also actively involved in sports: fencing, tennis, bike rides.

The next person is considered the oldest of all who live on Earth at the moment - the age of Japanese woman Tie Miyako is 117 years old. Just like Jeanne Calment, Tie is a woman - geneticists have established that it is the fair sex that, as a rule, live to the turn of 115 years. In the list of the oldest verified centenarians in history, there are only 6 men per 100 women.

Tie was born on May 2, 1901. Today she lives in the port city of Yokohama. The secret of longevity in the case of Miyako is swimming and skiing, as well as the traditional Japanese diet, consisting of healthy rice and fish. Miyako stopped eating meat and also adopted a raw food diet, a practice that involves avoiding any thermally processed food (be it frying, boiling, steaming, in the oven, etc.).

A few years ago, Tie could easily get on skis and go down a steep slope, but at the moment she has difficulty moving and practically does not leave her house. Sports have been replaced by reading books: a woman reads 2-3 complete works in a week.

Japan is a country rich in centenarians in principle. Most recently, the title of the world's oldest person was held by Chie's compatriot Nabi Tajima, who lived for a total of 117 years, 260 days. She was born on August 4, 1900, i.e. turned out to be older than Miyako by only 1 year. Despite the fact that Nabi, who passed away on April 21, 2018, did not live to see her 120th birthday, she left behind a great legacy in the form of a close-knit family consisting of:

• 9 children;
• 28 grandchildren;
• 56 great-grandchildren;
• 35 great-great-grandchildren.

Kane Tanaka and Shimoe Akiyama

2nd and 4th place in modern ranking the oldest people in the world are also occupied by representatives of Japan - these are Kane Tanaka and Shimoe Akiyama, who celebrated their 115th birthdays in 2018. Tanaka adds another 204 days to this round date, while Akiyama adds 67 days.

Kane was born on January 2, 1903. During her life, she saw not only her native country, but also the United States, where she went in the 1970s to visit her nephews and nieces. Even today, a woman can clearly remember her impressions of the trip, despite how much time has passed! Tanaka lives in a nursing home in Fukuoka Prefecture, where she receives constant support as she Kane is no longer able to move without a walker. The Japanese woman calls the enduring faith in God the secret of her longevity.

Her compatriot, Shimoe Akiyama, was born just a few months later - on May 19, 1903. At the moment, he lives in Aichi Prefecture, where no one can compete with her in terms of the number of years.

Own record holders maximum number years exist in modern Europe. Thus, the representative of Italy, Maria Giuseppe Robucci Nargiso, who has lived a total of 115 years and 127 days, is today the oldest person not only in her native country, but throughout the EU. In a similar global nomination, she takes an honorable 3rd place - after Chie Miyako and Kane Tanaka.

Maria was born on March 20, 1903. At the age of 25, she married Nicola Nargiso, to whom she gave 5 children - Concetta, Angelo, Giuseppe, Filomena and Antonio. The family was able to survive the 1940s, but still faced serious financial problems. In 1982, the husband of Maria Giuseppe died.

For the 100th anniversary, the Italian was invited to participate in the TV show "La vita in diretta" (Italian - "Life in live"). Robucci-Nargiso was shown as an active, active woman who, even at such a venerable age, chopped wood on her own!

4 years ago, the centenarian injured her hip as a result of an unsuccessful fall, so she had to lie on the operating table. However, even this did not knock Mary down. Surprisingly, today both the Italian herself and one of her sons, Angelo, who is also quite a few - 86 years old, are alive.

The woman claims that 3 things helped her to reach such a great age:

• mediterranean diet;
• Faith in God;
• optimistic attitude towards life.

Lucille Randon

5th place in the global ranking of living centenarians is occupied by Lucile Randon, a representative of France, who celebrated her 114th birthday in 2018. Lucille was born on February 11, 1904 in the family of a school teacher, Paul Randon, who at that time taught in the city of Ales. The girl was not born alone, but together with her twin sister, who died a year later.

Already at the age of 12, Lucille began working as a governess in one of the Marseille families, and at the age of 16 she moved to Versailles, where she got a job as a home teacher for children. She continued to work as an educator for wealthy families until 1945, when she decided to enroll as a nurse in the Vichy hospital, where help was needed to care for the elderly and orphans. So she worked for 28 years, after which she devoted herself to serving God, enrolling first in the Savoy monastery, and then, at the age of 105, in the Toulon local monastery.

The oldest of men

The absolute champion can also be distinguished among the representatives of the strong half of humanity, - we are talking about the late Japanese Jiroemon Kimura, who was born on April 19, 1897 and died on June 12, 2013. None of the men could compete with the age of Kimura, who lived 116 years and 54 days.

For 45 years of his life, Jiroemon devoted himself to working in the post office, but upon reaching the age of 90, he decided to start running a personal household - a farm. Despite the fact that the man’s legs soon weakened, until the end of his days he remained active and positive: he was interested in politics, gave interviews to journalists and reporters, talked with the younger generation, watched sumo competitions. The key to longevity Kimura called regular physical exercise and a healthy but moderate diet. Jiroemon urged not to overeat, even if the food is very tasty, and always know when to stop.

Kimura died of pneumonia hospital bed. He gave birth to 7 children, 14 grandchildren, 25 great-grandchildren and 13 great-great-grandchildren, and always instructed his relatives to support each other and live happily.

Unconfirmed centenarian

However, not all of the oldest people are verified, verified and listed in official statistics. For example, a living Indian, Mahashta Mursassi, states that he was born on January 6, 1835. This means that a man should be no less than 183 years old!

However, the Guinness Book of Records refuses to recognize Mursassi as a record holder, citing insufficient supporting documents. It is not possible to ask the doctors who have ever treated Makhashta, because. last man who worked with him died in 1971.

Mursassi was born in major city Bangalore back when India was British colony. All his life he worked as a shoemaker until he retired… At the age of 122. The man could not even imagine that he would celebrate the anniversary of 180 years. Murashi, who enjoys every passing day, treats life philosophically, and therefore thanks death for such a long respite. Until representatives of the Guinness Book of Records conduct a genetic examination and find out the real age of Makhashta, the laurels of the championship will belong to the 112-year-old Japanese Masazo Nonako.

The oldest Russian woman

AT Russian Federation also has its oldest resident - we are talking about Nana Tsukovna Shaova, who lives in the Kabardino-Balkarian village of Zayukovo. The only documents confirming the age of a woman are a passport and a certificate from the Russian Book of Records. However, the date of birth in these papers is conditional, because the birth certificate has not been preserved, and Nanu herself does not remember on which day she was born. She remembers only the year - 1890. This means that by now she has already turned 128 years old.

How old is the oldest person in the world

Each of us would like to live long. The thought of the end of one's existence terrifies a person.

The maximum age for a more or less active existence is considered to be 85 years.

But there are people who, surprisingly for everyone, have long crossed the threshold of average life expectancy.

Longevity of the Earth

There are 350,000 of them in the Russian Federation alone. Society is more surprised by people who have lived to be 100 years old.

Oddly enough, there are numerous cases where people claimed to be well over a hundred.

The problem is that it is not always possible to officially confirm the age of a person who has lived for a century, or even more.

That's why everything known to the world centenarians are divided into confirmed (verified) and estimated.

The reasons for the longevity of the longest living people in the world

Science has long been trying to unravel the mystery of the longevity of each "oldest person."

After interviewing those who are over a hundred years old, doctors have deduced several factors that contribute to longevity.

special diet

The oldest people in the world live in Japan, in the city of Okinawa. Scientists conclude that the reason for this is the peculiarities of the local population.

Eggs, dairy products and meat are consumed very little here.

And vegetables, grains and fish are the daily food of the Japanese. Centenarians from other countries of the world are very ascetic in food.

Almost all centenarians do not have meat products in their diet, they eat mainly fish, vegetables and cereals.

Fast food and carbonated drinks are the enemy of longevity

All the people on the list of the oldest people on the planet have never consumed fast food and sugary carbonated drinks.

Natural juice, milk and water are the best drinks for those who want to live long.

Tea and coffee are not harmful if they are not abused. Not all centenarians are teetotalers. They advise drinking alcohol in very moderate amounts.

Work prolongs life

Laziness is a bad habit. To live long, you need to be busy every day. Those who like to lie on the couch are less likely to become centenarians.

Violet Brown is the best old woman on the ground

Work is necessary for mental and physical balance. A person should feel needed and be busy.

Sport

Physical activity in any form is very beneficial for the body. Without exception, all centenarians go in for sports to the best of their ability.

It is not necessary to engage in professional sports, even simple walking and exercising in the morning can improve human health.

Mental development

New information provides a stimulus for new life to the human mind.

Active spiritual life

It doesn't matter how each person develops his spirituality.

The main thing is that prayer or meditation, going to a religious institution or anything else gives faith in higher power. Such awareness gives peace and confidence in the future.

Minimum stress

For such long life, many centenarians had different events: bad and good. But you should never despair and give up.

Israel Krishtal is the oldest man in the world

A positive attitude is one of the main factors for a long and happy life. It is better to get rid of with the help of physical exercises.

Communication with youth and children

Centenarians love to communicate with young people. They say that they draw strength from communication with new generations and are charged with positive.

Children are the source of happiness. You should not avoid communication with your children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. In addition to the hassle, children bring new emotions and make a person be more inventive.

Be close to nature

Fresh air and the energy of nature is what gives strength to many people, even if they do not notice it.

Communication with nature is a must for those whose goal is to live a very long life.

List of officially confirmed centenarians of the earth

The oldest women on Earth:

The oldest men in the world:

The most famous unverified centenarians

In addition to officially confirmed centenarians, there are those whose dates of birth can no longer be confirmed. However, there are some confirmations.

Here is a list of the most famous centenarians:

• Li Qingyun is 256 years old. Most an old man throughout history. Scientists are still researching his biography to understand the reality of such a long life;
• Shirali Muslimov is 168 years old. This man's passport shows that he is exactly 168 years old;
• Hu Emei is 125 years old. Taiwanese resident, dies at 125;
• Mahmud Bagir oglu Eyvazov is 152 years old. Is an oldest resident Azerbaijan.

Conclusion

Their age will impress anyone, as these numbers seem simply unimaginable.

Someone believes that it is possible to live such an amount of time, someone believes that this is some kind of mistake.

Even those confirmed cases of longevity that are in the public domain should inspire people to strive for a healthy lifestyle.

By following the rules of longevity, everyone has the opportunity to try to become the longest living person in the world.

Video: The oldest inhabitants of the earth

Thanks to the development of modern medicine, the life expectancy of people is constantly growing. Comprehensive health programs adopted in different countries, nutritional information and healthy way life, innovative methods of physiotherapy and fundamentally new medications- it all does its job. In our review, we will talk about where in the world people live the longest.

1. Luxembourg

81.33 years old
Citizens of one of the smallest states in Europe have one of the highest life expectancies in the world. Luxembourg is also notable for having the largest amount of alcohol sold in Europe per capita (although these figures are skewed by the large number of foreigners who come to the country to buy alcohol).

2. Republic of Korea

81.43 years old
The Republic of Korea (South Korea) focuses on the health of its citizens even more than some Western world. Although Koreans live long lives, they face a serious and growing problem of pollution. environment and urbanization. Nearly half of the 51 million Koreans live in the Seoul metropolitan area. Moreover, there is growing concern about South Korea causes mental health, since the country recorded the most high level suicide in industrial developed countries ah (26 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants).

3. New Zealand

81.56 years old
New Zealand is a paradise for any adventurer. With an outstanding variety of animals, as well as a unique climate, New Zealand is one of the most comfortable places to live on Earth. The calm and sedate way of life in this country has become famous all over the world.

4. Canada

81.78 years old
One of the most developed countries on the planet, Canada is also one of the most popular among immigrants. However, Canada is also the most educated country in the world - more than half of adults (51%) have at least a bachelor's degree. Despite the huge number of immigrants that come into the country every year (Canada hosts 10% of the world's refugees annually), life expectancy numbers are not falling as much as one might expect.

5. France

81.84 years old
The French are known as some of the healthiest people in the world. The combination of a healthy Mediterranean diet, one of the the best systems health care in the world, and good quality life helps the French to live to an average age of 81.84 years. It is also interesting that France has one of the largest discrepancies between the life expectancy of men and women, with the average French woman living six years longer than the average French man.

6. Sweden

81.93 years old
Throughout Scandinavia, life expectancy is over 80 years, one of the healthiest regions in the world. The record holder in Scandinavia is Sweden, in which very high quality water, and low levels of air pollution. An important factor is also the fact that the diet of the Swedes includes a lot of fish and berries, which reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

7. Israel

82.07 years
Some scientists believe that Israel's genetically mixed population helps prolong life expectancy in that country. Israelis also have much stronger ties to their families and communities than many other countries.

8. Australia

82.09 years
Despite Australia's many challenges - a steadily rising rate of obesity, as well as the world's highest prevalence of skin cancer - Australians live to an average of 82.09 years. One of the main reasons for this is the program to reduce the level of smoking in the country, as well as the high literacy rate of Australians.

9. Spain

82.27 years old
Spaniards live long lives largely due to their Mediterranean diet and favorable climate. Spain also has one of the lowest suicide rates in the world.

10 Iceland

82.3 years
Icelanders can thank their unique climate for their longevity, effective system health and a huge amount of fresh fish in their diet. At the same time, Icelanders live in one of the least polluted countries on Earth. Iceland makes full use of geothermal energy, and locals receive hot water straight from the hot springs of the island.

11. Singapore

82.64 years old
Most residents of Singapore (which is the only island city-state in the world) live to be over 82 years old. This is largely due to the government, which tightly regulates the number of cars on the roads, and also introduced integrated system health care focusing on the prevention of chronic diseases.

12. Switzerland

82.66 years old
In an alpine paradise, Switzerland has high incomes, clean air and happy people. One of the main reasons why the Swiss live so long is that Switzerland is a leader in investing in healthcare, developing talent and educating its citizens. In conjunction with low level crime and strong social cohesion, it gives amazing results.

13. Italy

82.84 years old
This high ranking of Italians on the list is a mystery, as the country already has less good health care and lower incomes than other countries on the list. However, Italy ranks third in terms of life expectancy in the world. In addition to the previously mentioned Mediterranean diet and the wonderful temperate climate Italy has long had a tighter community than most other countries.

14. Japan

83.3 years
Some researchers call the Japanese the most healthy people on the planet. The country is also famous for the number of centenarians (people over 100 years old) per capita: 34.85 per 100,000. The largest number centenarians lives on the island of Okinawa, where a lot of seaweed is eaten.

15. Hong Kong

83.73 years old
On the one hand, it is strange that Hong Kong residents are in the first place, since it is here that there is very little living space per person, as well as constant stress at work. But the Cantonese diet, tai chi exercises (which almost everyone does), and brain-stimulating mahjong have led to an average lifespan of 84 years in Hong Kong.

It was thanks to the achievements of medicine that appeared and.

In the ancient book it is said that a person lives "... 70 years, and with a greater fortress 80 years ...". According to the average data, this figure is much less, but what about the unique exceptions to the rules? About those who live longer than others. About the people who personal experience know what life is like after a hundred years.

According to historical data, the longest-lived person in the world lived in China. His name was Li Qingyun. This man was born in 1677 and died at the beginning of the 20th century (1933). In total, he lived for 256 years, and, according to eyewitnesses, he looked 50 years younger. How did he manage to live so long? During his lifetime, he was often asked this question, and he paid attention primarily to proper nutrition and exercise.

It is known that he was so strong physically that at the age of 70 he became a teacher in the Chinese martial arts army. In addition to nutrition and exercise, from early childhood he devoted a lot of time to the collection and study of medicinal herbs, from which he often made health-improving infusions. Therefore, in modern history humanity is the most unique man who lived the longest.

Centenarians today

According to the UN decision, a person can be considered a long-liver if his age has exceeded 90 years. All over the world you can find people who live the longest, but in some countries there are especially many of them. For example, in Japan there are about 50 thousand centenarians, and these are only those who survived the turn of the century. Of these, approximately 87% are women, the average duration of which in this country is about 86 years.

especially prominent figures enter the Guinness Book of Records. Now it includes Misao Okawa, a Japanese woman who is 115 years old. She is considered the oldest woman in the world. Before her, she was Koto Okubo, who died at the beginning of the year at the age of 115 years and 19 days.

As for male centenarians, the oldest is now almost 116 years old. He is the oldest living person in the world. He lives in Kyoto (Japan) and his name is Jiroemon Kimura. He twice became the champion of the Guinness Book of Records and, born in 1897, found three centuries in his lifetime. During his lifetime, people invented the TV, the car, and the internet. While he lives, 6 monarchs have changed in Britain, 20 presidents in the USA, 5 emperors in Japan, collapsed Soviet Union and with it the communist regime.

This amazing man was a postman for 40 years and a farmer until the age of 90. He has very big family: 7 children (he survived two of them), 14 grandchildren and granddaughters, 25 great-grandchildren and already 13 great-great-grandchildren. According to him, life expectancy depends on moderation in food. Therefore, he recommends never eating more than necessary, even if the dish is very tasty.

Longevity in the past

Other longest-lived people who have already died are also noteworthy. There are not so many of them, so they will be listed below.
Long-lived women:

• Jeanne Calment lived 122 years and 164 days (21.02. 1875-4.08.1997);
• Knauss Sarah lived 119 years and 97 days (09/24/1880-12/30/1999);
• Hana Lucy lived 117 years and 248 (07/16/1875-03/21/1993);
• Maria Louise Mailer lived 117 years and 230 days (08/29/1880-04/16/1998);
• Maria Esther de Capovilla lived 116 years and 347 days (09/14/1889-08/27/2006);
• Ikai Tane lived 116 years and 175 days (01/18/1879-07/12/1995);
• Elizabeth Bolden lived 116 years and 118 days (August 15, 1890-12/11/2006);
• Besi Cooper lived 116 years and 100 years (08/26/1896-12/4/2012).

Long-lived men:

• Christian Mortensen lived 115 years and 252 days (08/16/1882-04/25/1998);
• Emiliano Mercado del Toro lived 115 years and 156 days (08/21/1891-01/24/2007);
• Bruening Walter lived 114 years and 205 days (09/21/1896-04/14/2011);
• Chunanji Yukichi lived 114 years and 189 days (03/23/1889-09/28/2003).