Palmistry 

What does it mean at the kmd stage. KM projects (Metal structures) and KMD projects (Metal structures detailing)

We design KM (Metal Structures) and develop working documentation KMD (Metal Detailing Structures). Design of buildings from metal structures perform in one step development of working documentation. Design KM and working documentation of KMD are necessary for and carrying out.

Working drawings consist of two sets

  • working drawings of metal structures of the KM brand (hereinafter working drawings of KM);
  • working detail drawings of metal structures of the KMD brand (hereinafter working drawings of KMD).

KM - metal structures

The KM project is carried out on the basis of the approved terms of reference and is the basis for the development of KMD drawings. The KM drawings contain data for linking the building on the ground, the assignment for the construction of the foundation, the load diagram and nodes. In the working drawings of the KM, the main issues of the layout of metal structures and linking them with the technological and architectural and construction part of the project are determined.

What is a KM project and what is included in the kit project documentation on metal structures.

KMD - metal detailing structures

KMD drawings are developed by the design department of the plant on the basis of the KM project. To avoid errors during installation, the manufacturer of metal structures and a representative of the installation team are involved in the development of the CMD.

Working detailing drawings of metal structures are a separate set of drawings. KMD drawings the only document for the manufacture and installation of building metal structures. A set of KMD drawings contains all the necessary data for marking, processing, welding, quality control and assembly of steel building structures.

What is KMD and what is included in the set of working drawings for the manufacture and installation of metal structures -.

Why you need to order a project and drawings in one place

  1. When deviating from the KM project or KMD drawings, coordination with the project developer is needed. We can make structural calculations and prepare documents for approval. The interaction between the designer and the manufacturer of structures takes place quickly.
  2. Even at the design stage, we develop optimal schemes packaging, transportation and storage of metal structures. Because we know that limit dimensions shipping grades of metal structures and their weight directly depend on the method of transportation, the possibilities Vehicle and lifting equipment at all stages

General data on the development and design of working documentation for KMD

"Design of buildings and structures" - an organization that designs all sections of project documentation, including our company's engineers, thanks to a new software, in the shortest possible time will develop the documentation for the KMD section ( metal detailing structures). KMD is the documentation necessary for the manufacture of parts and elements of metal structures in the conditions of production. In the set of drawings of the KMD brand, the dimensions of structural parts, bolt holes, welds are given in detail, and assemblies are also worked out. Assembly - a shipping mark or a unit of a metal structure, manufactured at the factory and delivered for installation. In order to quickly and accurately assemble all elements of metal structures, it is necessary to develop high-quality working documentation for the KMD brand. The experience of our specialists allows us to high level design the KMD section. Examples of our projects.

Initial data for the development of KMD drawings

To begin work on the design of documentation for the KMD brand, the Customer needs to provide us with the initial data - working documentation for the KM brand.

KM project should be stage working documentation. By stage Project documentation our organization does not develop working documentation for KMD. Also, we will not undertake the development of KMD according to sketch drawings, architectural solutions "AR" or architectural and construction solutions "AC". Work experience shows that the lack of a competently executed and accepted by the Customer project of the KM leads to an increase in the design time and constant alterations of the KMD section due to errors, shortcomings and shortcomings of the KM project or its absence. If you do not have a KM project, we recommend ordering it from us along with the development of a KMD project.

The cost of developing KMD

The cost directly depends on the tonnage. Those. development of drawings of the KMD brand for 1 ton of metal structures will approximately cost the Customer - 600 rubles, with a tonnage volume of 150 tons. However, the cost of developing KMD is calculated for each individual project, depending on the following factors:

The complexity of the project;

The individuality of the project (the price for the development of KMD for 1 ton of metal structures of various stairs, platforms, elements consisting of many parts can seriously differ from the price for the development of heavy volumetric structures consisting of a relatively small number of parts);

Individual requirements of the Customer, which he makes to the contractor for the design of the developed section of the KMD (in addition to the standard composition of the KMD project, the project may include additional specification sheets, units not taken into account in the KM project, etc.);

The quality of the KM documentation provided by the Customer for the development of KMD drawings;

tonnage.

In order to finally determine the cost of designing a structural design, it is necessary to carefully study the documentation provided by the Customer and evaluate the labor intensity of the work. It is impossible to estimate the cost of work without the original documentation from the Customer.

Terms of design of the KMD project

The timing of the development of the KMD project directly depends on the complexity of the documentation provided. In order to accurately determine and agree on the deadlines for the execution of documentation for the KMD brand, it is necessary to study in detail the provided source documentation. If it is necessary to carry out the development of KMD in a short time, it is possible to perform phased work for the speedy issuance of assemblies to the manufacturing plant.
In addition, the speed of coordinating changes in the set of design documentation may affect the deadline for the execution of the design documentation, in case of errors or the desire of the Customer to change the initial requirements.

Composition of the KMD project

As a rule, the composition of the documentation of the developed KMD project is typical and consists of the following components:

The title page is the title page of the KMD project. The design can be standard, provided for in our organization and executed in accordance with GOST for "Project documentation" or according to the model proposed by the Customer.

The general data sheet displays general information about the project, additional instructions are given on the manufacture and technical aspects of the project.

The list of shipping marks (assemblies) is a list of marks (assemblies) of the entire KMD project. It is the basis for the formation of shipment from the manufacturer.

The list of hardware contains information on the number of hardware required for the installation of metal structures.

The metal selection includes a list of materials that are needed in order to manufacture all metal structures.

List of individual parts (if necessary). The standard scope of the KMD project is not included.

Mounting diagrams - as a rule, these are plans, sections and views that display information about the location of assemblies on a given object. Example wiring diagrams can be found below.

Mounting units - joints between assemblies of metal structures (bolted, factory or field welding), if necessary, you can describe the mounting unit in more detail, or add nodes and sections that are not available in the original documentation of the KM brand. Examples of mounting nodes can be seen below.

Drawings of assemblies of metal structures (brands) - a drawing is a separate shipping element or an assembly of several parts. Also, each assembly drawing contains the following tables: specification of parts for this assembly; selection of parts for all considered assemblies, if there are several; list of shipping items. Examples of assembly drawings can be seen below.

Drawings of individual parts, with all the necessary explanatory data on the number of manufactured parts, which assemblies they belong to, etc.

Technology for the development and design of KMD projects

The technology is based on the use of the most modern software systems:

Projects are made in 3D, i.e. there is a model with all elements of metal structures. All bolted and welded joints are made on a 3D model, which allows you to very carefully track every detail and joint when designing a KMD. Below you can see examples of 3D models of KMD projects.

Automatic generation of statements and specifications by the program after the development of a three-dimensional model. The model is always checked by the program, in addition to the person. Due to what, m as much as possible (as far as possible) the influence of the human factor in the design and development of KMD drawings is underestimated.

Automatic numbering of all parts and assemblies. With any change, the program rechecks everything and errors are almost impossible.

And it represents the development of detailed drawings of the designed metal structures. This set of construction documentation is necessary for the manufacture of steel structures, as it contains detailed information about each part that makes up the project. Also, in the KMD drawings, assemblies are worked out as detailed as possible. In principle, well-executed KMD documentation is the key to the correct manufacture of metal structure parts and guarantees the fastest possible assembly. That is why you should not save on this, since all work must be carried out exclusively by experienced professionals.

The cost of CMD development is calculated individually for each project, as it depends on several factors, such as the complexity of the project, the customer's requirements for the design of the finished CMD, as well as the quality of the original documentation that was provided. Usually, it takes from an hour to two hours to determine the cost of developing a CMD. Moreover, it is practically impossible to estimate the cost without providing a complete set of documents.

As for the timing of the development of KMD, they directly depend on the complexity of the documentation that needs to be developed. Therefore, for each project they are negotiated with the customer individually. And this happens only after the performer has studied in detail all the documentation provided. It is also possible such an option as issuing documentation in several stages. This makes it possible to start production of parts before the end of the development of CMD.

The finished KMD consists of title page, general data, list of shipping assemblies, list of hardware, metal sampling, list of individual parts, wiring diagrams, assemblies, as well as assembly drawings. The general data sheet describes the detailed information about the project as a whole, as well as general instructions for the manufacture of structures and other technical information. Wiring diagrams contain detailed information about the location of the assembly directly on the object.

Mounting units are usually detailed in, so there is no need to draw them in detail when developing KMD. However, very often there is such a situation that for some reason some nodes are not included in the CM, and then it is necessary to paint them with indication of hardware and welds. Moreover, the method of designating welds in the drawing must be agreed with the customer in advance, since the cost of the entire project depends on this.

Assembly drawings can be either a separate element or presented as an assembly of several parts. Also on general drawing assembly, detailed drawings of some parts can be placed separately (at the request of the customer). The sets of statements that are on the drawing of the shipping assembly depend solely on the wishes of the customer.

All dimensions that are needed for the manufacture of a part are presented in its drawing, which should also reflect information about how many and in what assemblies this part is used.

If necessary, a complete steel specification can be developed for the entire project. Also in this specification will be displayed information about each assembly with a description of all the parts that are included in it.

The list of shipping marks is nothing more than a list of assemblies of the entire KMD. It is necessary for the shipment of products from the manufacturing plant of metal structures. The list of hardware indicates their number, which is necessary for the implementation this project. And in the selection of metals, a list of all the materials that are necessary for the manufacture of the object is compiled in detail.

The CMD development technology is maximally automated. All projects are carried out in 3D format with automatic generation of statements, as well as with the ability to automatically upload data to 1C. The numbering of all parts and assemblies is also carried out automatically.

The finished KMD project is issued to the customer in the format that was agreed in advance. Options such as paginated to PDF format(one drawing one file), multipage in PDF format (the whole project in one file), in printed form, dwg format AutoCAD files or other formats.

Typically, the design of steel structures is carried out in two stages.

In the first, architectural and construction drawings (plans, sections, and others) are performed, load-bearing structures are developed and evaluated, enclosing structures are selected, calculations and structural drawings are performed (KM - metal structures). They present the layout of the frame of buildings or structures, linking sizes, taking into account technological process and equipment, units and interfaces of elements. AT explanatory note calculations are presented - static (power) to determine the forces and constructive to determine the dimensions of the sections of the elements of metal structures. AT complex structures dynamic calculations are performed, optimization is carried out - the most favorable parameters and dimensions of structures are determined.

The second stage of the project, in the factory design bureaus KMD drawings are developed, worked out in such detail and detail so that the production worker in the workshop would produce the details of the future object using them, without additional calculations of dimensions and without the development of additional drawings, assemblies or sketches, and the assembler at the construction site, using them, could assemble the structures and make mounting connections. Typically, working drawings are produced by the steelworks in its own design department for use in their shops, but can be developed by order and design organizations. In this case, the organization performing these drawings must take into account the technological capabilities of the manufacturer.

KMD drawings - drawings of steel columns, beams and other elements of building structures necessary for their manufacture and installation. The KMD designation stands for metal detailing structures. Detailing usually consists of two parts, assembly drawings and installation drawings.

For a factory to make structures, assembly drawings are needed. An assembly is a product of several parts, made taking into account the maximum overall dimensions for transportation to the construction site.

For installers who will then build the object, they need installation drawings, they contain information on how the assembly elements are interconnected in space. Also, on the installation drawings, the places of installation welding and assemblies with bolted connections, if any, are indicated.

Working drawings are, in fact, drawings of all parts of a structure, whether it is a building, a bridge, or some other structure such as a beam, column, or foundation anchor.

"KMD. What is it?" - ask those who first heard this abbreviation. KMD are detailed drawings of metal structures. The basis for their development are KM drawings (metal structures). To correctly make structures and install them accurately, KMD drawings are needed.

KMD are needed by assemblers

If the assembler takes the drawings of the KM brand, he will see on them only in general terms, the main components. It will be very difficult for an assembler to make a structure similar to that which is made in construction and in production. The factory will require the assembler drawings of individual structures.
This is where the KMD drawings become necessary for him. They give the design in every detail. Be sure to show all the details on the drawing: bindings, hole sizes, welding features. An installer without knowledge of all of the above and the dimensions of the installation will not assemble anything. When a designer works on a circuit, his task is to mark each shipping component on the circuit with his own brand.

KMD drawings are needed by installers during installation

When the production stage is completed, the KMD drawings are in demand by the assemblers at the plant. Firstly, without having installation schemes, you will not assemble the structure. Secondly, in the drawings you can see what fasteners are needed. Thirdly, it happens that when developing the KMD, the designer made a mistake, or the assembler was inattentive when reading the drawing, and the circuit was assembled inaccurately. Under such circumstances, the brand where the mistake was made will not be mounted. Then, looking at the drawing, the assembler will immediately see where the error was made: either at the design stage or during production.
In the case when the drawings are correct and everything was done correctly in production, then complex metal structures are assembled easily and simply.