These are different mushrooms. Growth conditions and mushroom harvesting calendar. At what temperature do mushrooms grow in autumn? Are there still honey mushrooms in the forest?

There are many types of honey mushrooms, so the periods for their collection vary. Today food industry well developed, honey mushrooms have been learned to be grown under artificial conditions. However, buying a product in a store is not as valuable as collecting it yourself and searching for honey. Where to collect honey mushrooms, when is the best time to do it? These questions interest many amateurs and avid mushroom pickers.

Young mushrooms most often have a hemispherical cap, while mature mushrooms have an umbrella-shaped cap. There is a convexity in the center that turns into a flat part, the edges are lowered downwards. The size of the cap can vary, ranging from 1 to 10 centimeters. On top of it are small scales that disappear as the fungus grows. Also honey fungus has various colors hats They can be light yellow, cream, or reddish with a dark center. The legs are very elongated. Their length can be 2 - 18 centimeters, diameter - no more than 2.5 cm. However, each type has its own individuality.

Honey mushrooms belong to the variety edible gifts forests that have plates. They grow in summer, autumn, winter periods. At the same time, it is difficult to say exactly when to collect honey mushrooms.

The autumn honey fungus ends the season. It is considered one of the most frequently collected and most common mushrooms. Collection starts at last days August, but lasts only a short time, for 14 – 20 days. During this period they bear fruit well. In the case of a dry summer, this period may be missed or come a little later.

It has been noticed that in the northern regions globe Often a second stage of reproduction occurs based on weather conditions. In these places, honey fungus grows until mid-October.

Summer mushroom harvesting begins in early June and ends in October. In specimens collected in summer, compared to autumn honey mushrooms, the cap is smaller. Its shade is yellow-brown, lighter towards the middle. This product belongs to category 4. It is good for drying, pickling, and preparing stew.

Winter honey fungus grows in small clusters and only on trees. It appears in the fall and remains under the snow in the winter. If the climate is mild, mushroom picking can be done until March. They do not have strong taste characteristics, so it is better to use them for preparing stews, first courses, and pickling.

Mushroom location

Every avid mushroom picker knows where honey mushrooms grow. They like to grow in old forests, where there are many damaged and weakened trees, near stumps, in areas of wood that is dead and rotting. Most often these are hardwoods:

Acacia.
Poplar.

However, they are often located on spruce, pine, and fir trees. Even if honey mushrooms take a liking to some clearing, it’s not just like that. It follows that deep underground there are roots that extend from the stump.

Honey mushrooms are permanent mushrooms. They do not prefer to “jump” from one place to another. If one day a family was found next to a fallen tree, then next year you can 100% reap a good harvest from this place. And until the tree or its stump becomes rotten, mushrooms will bear fruit around them.

A completely different type is the meadow honey fungus, which loves open, spacious, grassy meadows. That's why it is found in places such as:

fields;
gardens;
forest glades;
roadsides.

Honey mushrooms grow almost until November.

This mushroom is quite sociable. They look for him in groups, collecting a full basket. It is noticed that for meadow mushroom characterized by frequent growth not just in bunches, but with the formation of a circle. Such myceliums can have a fairly large area.

The breadth of the growth area of honey mushrooms includes almost all forests; they are only absent in permafrost.

The higher the humidity in the forest, the greater the mushroom yield will be. However, it happens that a damp ravine is enough for them.

It is very important to be careful in such places so that the collected mushrooms are not confused with false honey mushrooms.

On what stumps do honey mushrooms that appear in summer grow? They are located on stumps deciduous trees, logs, various tree remains. They do not grow on living trees. Collection time is from early July to September. Small mushroom. Its cap is yellow-brown in color, with dark edges on which there are grooves. In damp weather it is translucent. The leg is brownish in color.

The first real honey mushroom among mushroom pickers is considered autumn view. It can be found in the composition big family or growing alone. Where to look for forest gifts? It lives on tree trunks, both living and dead. Also - on dead wood and stumps, in damp forests. Moving onto tree trunks, honey mushrooms cause the formation of white rot, which leads to the death of the tree. They are collected from late summer to early winter. The most productive month is September, when average temperature is +10.

Can be found on weak or damaged deciduous trees and wood. They are found along streams, in gardens, parks, and on the edges.

Distinctive features of good mushrooms from poisonous forest products

Honey mushrooms, which cannot be eaten, make up a certain amount that is similar in appearance to real mushrooms. In small groups they grow in the same areas of the forest as edible ones:

Trees that are littered.
Hemp.
Stem parts.

For this reason, they are easily confused with edible gifts.

False mushrooms are divided into 3 groups:

Inedible.
Conditionally edible.
Poisonous.

The first main difference by which you can distinguish a good mushroom from a bad one is the presence of a ring with a film (a skirt on a leg). It protects the young product. Inedible honey mushrooms do not have such a ring.

There are also a number of other differences:

A good mushroom has a fragrant mushroom smell, while a false mushroom has an unpleasant, earthy smell.
hat bad product with a pronounced color. It can be sulfur yellow or pale red, depending on the species. Non-false mushrooms are characteristically light-colored brown.
To taste false honey mushrooms bitter.

An experienced mushroom picker will immediately remember distinctive features, which will help to recognize a bad mushroom, but for an amateur it is better to approach the collection with special attention. If there is the slightest doubt, it is better not to put such a mushroom in the basket.

List and overview of mushrooms that grow in September, October and November.

Mushrooms - useful product, containing a huge amount of protein. They are suitable for preparing fillings for pies, as part of first and second courses. In addition, mushrooms are used to make excellent preparations for the winter in the form of caviar, pate or salts. Of course, you can buy mushrooms at the market, but forest varieties are considered the most delicious and nutritious.

Mushrooms are the fruits of the growth of mycelium and mycelium. In general, mycelium grows several meters underground, like a spider’s web. From time to time it bears fruit. These are exactly the mushrooms that we collect. The greatest harvest of mushrooms is observed in the fall after rain.

Mushroom growth time is 2 weeks. But most often you can see the mushroom already on the 5th day. At this time, a leg appears that connects the mycelium and the cap. Initially, the cap is small, but after 2-3 days its size rapidly increases. That is, after the rain you can go pick mushrooms in 1-2 weeks.

What edible mushrooms grow in the fall, at the beginning and end of September: photos, list, names

September is a month rich in mushrooms. This time is considered to be the peak. The most interesting thing is that it is at this time that the mushrooms are harvested. In the forest you can find summer mushrooms, which previously bore fruit well in July and August.

List of mushrooms for September:

Wet
Porcini mushrooms
Chanterelles

false fox

What edible mushrooms grow in the fall, at the beginning and end of October: photos, list, names

At this time, the number of mushrooms decreases. The fact is that the nights become relatively cold. But at this temperature, the mushrooms last longer until their maturity. There are not many summer mushrooms at this time. The time has begun for varieties that love moderate temperatures. The most interesting thing is that this is the best time to harvest mushrooms. They keep for a very long time.

List of October mushrooms:

Occasionally you can see boletus and boletus. They grow infrequently, their time is running out.

What edible mushrooms grow in the fall, at the beginning and end of November: photos, list, names

In November it is already quite cold and out of all the summer abundance, very few mushrooms are found. These are mainly resistant varieties that grow on tree trunks or stumps. Because there is frost on the ground surface. Usually with the first snow mushroom season ends. Occasionally you can see oyster mushrooms on the trunks.

List of November mushrooms:

Gray row

What are the latest edible mushrooms in November: photos, list, names

Basically, at the end of autumn there are not many mushrooms in the forest, not only edible, but also poisonous. The mycelium gradually stops producing fruit, as the temperature is quite low. Few people pick mushrooms in November, as this is the time of rain and the first frosts. At this time the forest is very dirty. Few people would like to walk in the mud and pick through wet leaves, looking for mushrooms. At this time, there are very few mushrooms left that can be eaten. They have a significant feature - a hard cap. Therefore, among mushroom pickers there are few who love such mushrooms.

The latest mushrooms:

Winter honey fungus

All these mushrooms have a dense texture and a fibrous cap.

gray talker

Very hot weather is not suitable for mushrooms. In general, mushrooms love moisture and moderate temperature. The ideal temperature can be considered +10+20 °C. If summer or autumn is very dry, then you should not count on good harvest mushrooms But even if in the fall heavy rains, then the mycelium will get wet. In such weather there is also no good harvest.

September can be considered ideal; at this time there are a lot of summer mushrooms and lovers of cool weather appear. At this time you can see boletus, boletus and porcini mushrooms. They can be found even during frosts. It is believed that a temperature of +5+10 °C is required for the development of the mushroom fruit. This is the minimum temperature.

Despite the decline average daily temperature, can be collected in the fall large number mushrooms They are not inferior in taste to summer ones.

VIDEO: Edible mushrooms in autumn

Honey mushrooms are such small and inconspicuous-looking mushrooms that, out of ignorance, they can be mistaken for toadstools. With an abundance of other mushrooms of a more presentable appearance, honey mushrooms often remain untouched. And only when the range of mushrooms in the forests is small, they remember honey mushrooms.

Where and when do honey mushrooms grow?

Honey mushrooms grow from May to late autumn.

Most often they appear near stumps or on fallen trees, which is why they got their name. Even if honey mushrooms have chosen a clearing, it’s not just like that. This means that roots extend deep underground, extending from a stump that was once a powerful tree.

Honey mushrooms are permanent mushrooms. They don't like to "jump" from place to place. And if a family of honey mushrooms was once discovered near some fallen tree, then experienced mushroom pickers will say with one hundred percent certainty that next year it will be possible to harvest a good harvest of mushrooms here. And until the stump of this tree (or the tree itself) turns into dust, honey mushrooms will appear near it.

Honey mushrooms differ from each other in appearance and time of appearance. This comes from the fact that there are several types of honey mushrooms: summer honey fungus, meadow honey fungus, autumn honey fungus and winter honey fungus.

In May, when there are no other mushrooms in the forests, mushrooms appear in clearings, pastures, pastures, and along the edges of fields. honey fungus. It grows until November.

Honey fungus is a sociable mushroom. It grows in such groups that you can pick a whole basket of mushrooms from one clearing. It is noteworthy that meadow honey fungus often grows not just in bunches, but as if forming a circle, which is popularly called the “witch’s circle.” And these circles are sometimes quite large in diameter. This is the mycelium of the meadow honey fungus that is growing so much. Of course, if it is not disturbed or damaged by vandal mushroom pickers.

The meadow honey fungus has a yellowish-brownish or cream-colored cap with a tubercle in the middle. The edges of the cap are always lighter than the center. The leg is high, thin, tortuous, dense. The meadow honey fungus emits a pleasant smell of mushrooms and cloves. The taste is sweetish.

Summer honey fungus grows from July to September. It appears on the stumps of deciduous trees, as well as logs, rotten wood and other remains of deciduous trees. It does not grow on a living tree. This is a small mushroom with a yellow-brown cap, the edges of which are darker than the middle, and a brownish stem. Below the ring on the stem, the color changes to brown-green.

Autumn honey fungus differs from other honey mushrooms in the brown color of the cap and unusual scales that cover the entire cap, especially in the young mushroom. The flesh of the mushroom is light brown or beige. Autumn honey mushrooms have a pleasant smell and a sour-sweet taste.

Autumn honey fungus grows on stumps, dead wood, and also often moves onto living trunks of coniferous and deciduous trees, causing irreparable damage to them. After all, if autumn honey mushrooms completely take a fancy to some tree, it means that it will soon die.

Autumn honey fungus appears in August and grows until October, sometimes longer.

The difference between honey mushrooms and inedible and poisonous mushrooms

It happens that mushrooms grow at the wrong time. This does not happen with honey mushrooms. Therefore, confuse honey fungus with inedible or poisonous mushroom difficult. Especially if you know appearance not only honey mushrooms, but also inedible mushrooms.

For example, honey fungus can be confused with wood-loving collibia. It grows from May to December. The difference is a hollow stem, more frequent plates and an unpleasant odor.

It also grows in the same places as honey mushrooms. talker whitewashed. It is distinguished by a light cap without a tubercle in the middle and a floury smell.

Candol's false honey fungus has a white or brownish cap with purple-brown plates (in adult mushrooms) and a thin, hollow stalk.

Gray-yellow honey fungus has a yellow cap, a thin yellow stem and bitter flesh.

Seroplate honey fungus grows on wood coniferous trees and is distinguished by grayish plates.

Honeycombs are inedible. Their hallmark– brightly colored cap of greenish, reddish or yellow-sulphurous color.

All fresh honey mushrooms have a pleasant smell, which cannot be said about false honey mushrooms and others. inedible mushrooms, which can be confused with honey mushrooms.

Winter honey fungus- most late mushroom- is slightly different from the rest of the honey mushrooms precisely in the color of the cap, which can be cream, light yellow and even yellow-red.

Winter honey fungus grows in groups not only on dead wood, but sometimes settles on living weakened trees, thereby destroying them.

Winter honey fungus does not disappear even during short frosts, but only becomes covered with a thin ice crust. And as soon as the sun warms it, it will thaw.

All types of honey mushrooms are eaten fresh, boiled, or fried. They are also salted, dried, pickled and frozen. But you need to remember that most mushrooms have a hard stem, especially adult mushrooms, so when picking mushrooms, most often only the caps are cut off or a small stem is left. Since honey mushrooms have a thin leg, scissors are used instead of a knife.

October is also a good month. Just like in September, this month you can collect a decent basket of edible mushrooms, if there were no severe frosts and constant heavy rains. So, under the bright leaves, don’t miss the caps of saffron milk caps, russula, boletus, and moss mushrooms.

And if, after all, slight frosts have already set in in October, then there is no need to despair here either, since greenfinches and greenfinches are not afraid of them.

So, now we’ll tell you in more detail about each mushroom that grows in the autumn forest.

White mushroom

One of the most favorite mushrooms is also found in October, but provided that there were no severe frosts. In mushrooms growing in pine forests it is dark brown, often with a purple tint; in spruce forests it is brown or reddish-brown, in deciduous forests it is lighter. The pulp is white, dense, does not change color, which is especially appreciated. Porcini mushrooms are pickled, salted, dried, and fried, so this mushroom is universal.

boletus

Another one of our favorite edible mushrooms. And although it is called boletus and essentially should only grow under birch trees, it can be found in almost all deciduous forests. He gravitates towards edges, hillocks, and also towards light. Boletus mushrooms are often used for drying and pickling.

Ryzhik

Many mushroom pickers do not agree that the king of mushrooms is the boletus mushroom, and put the camelina in first place. It can be found in young pine trees that grow along the grassy edges of older ones pine forests. This mushroom is quite recognizable. It is a bright, orange-red mushroom with concentric darker orange zones. Ryzhiki is a valuable mushroom; it does not lose its color even when pickled, and, in addition, has excellent taste qualities.

Oyster mushroom

Oyster mushroom is considered one of the most popular mushrooms that grow in late autumn and are not afraid of cold weather. Sometimes they grow even until December. Oyster mushrooms can be found on aspen, poplar, oak or birch, as well as on rotten stumps. What to do with this mushroom? Usually it is salted, fried, pickled.

Winter mushrooms

Winter mushrooms are an excellent edible find for avid mushroom pickers who love to pick mushrooms even in October. Some even believe that winter mushrooms are tastier than autumn ones. Whether this is true or not, you can check for yourself by going to the forest in October. What do they do with them? Yes, as usual: salted, fried, marinated.

Row purple

This autumn mushroom also quite popular among mushroom pickers. You can easily recognize it by its purple hat. Interestingly, this mushroom is also not afraid of cold weather, so it grows until December. Ryadovka is most often pickled, fried or salted, depending on your preference.

Talker

Talker is quite popular edible mushroom, although some believe it can cause distress in some people. But this can be avoided if you boil the mushrooms thoroughly and then drain all the water. The talker is “friends” with the row, which is why you can often see them together in one place. Govorushki are salted, pickled and fried. They grow even in November.

Garlic

Garlic is an edible mushroom that is famous for its garlicky aroma, which is unusual for a mushroom. Therefore, it is often used as a seasoning instead of garlic. When dried, it retains its aroma. Where can you find this garlic substitute? Look on the stumps. By the way, it also grows until the end of November.

Volnushka

Volnushka grows in the most different forests, but, as a rule, most often in a birch forest. Often mushroom pickers do not collect the mushroom and avoid it. And all because you have to tinker with it a little when cooking, because if you don’t soak it, it will be bitter. But if you still devote time to this mushroom, it will pleasantly surprise you with its taste. Moreover, very decent pickles are made from the trumpets, which are eaten once or twice in winter.

Greenfinch

Greenfinch is a very tasty edible mushroom that forms a mycelium with pine. Greenfinch can also be found in November.

Common chanterelles

Chanterelles are one of the most beloved and famous mushrooms, which is almost never wormy. In mid-October, young chanterelles begin to appear, you just need to notice them under the withered foliage. Sometimes they grow until December.

Trembling orange

Trembling is a rather original mushroom for real gourmets. It is known for its smooth, jelly-like consistency as well as its vibrant orange. From tremors you can make an omelette that literally melts in your mouth or a delicious, tender soup. This mushroom grows not only in October, but throughout the winter to the delight of mushroom pickers. The best place to look for the mushroom is in the hazel tree on dead branches.

Ice mushroom

Another original edible mushroom, characterized by a gelatinous consistency. Its cap is decorated with translucent spines. Unfortunately, the ice mushroom is quite rare and quite difficult to find.

Autumn honey mushrooms- a friendly mushroom, cannot stand loneliness and always grows large families, for which there is little space on the ground and they climb onto stumps and the base of trees.

October - the month of rains - is his favorite month, the weather is cloudy and already quite cold, the earth, sky, foliage, the whole world are saturated with water.

And now it’s time for little mushroom caps to appear at the rotten stump. strong and resilient with motley specks and pretty " skirt" under the hat They gradually fill the entire forest, grow, open their caps, and prepare seeds. Honey mushrooms are not afraid of the cold; they grow until the first frost, in warm year they can be picked even in November.

Search for Autumn Honey Fungus needed where there is a lot of old, dead wood, on stumps and fallen trees, in thickets alders, aspen

Be sure that this mushroom will make you not only bow to Mother Earth, but also crawl along it on all fours, cutting off forest crops.

Taste and smell These simple mushrooms exceed all expectations; they are great for wrapping them in jars for the winter, for frying, and for soup. It’s just that drying them for the winter is problematic, they are like everyone else. autumn forest soaked in rain and morning dew, when you try to dry them they often begin to mold.

Details:

Where does the Autumn Honey fungus grow?

They grow on both dead and living trees, but they especially love birch. The expanse for autumn honey mushrooms is old birch forests with dry birch trees, on which honey mushrooms grow at a height of up to 5 m and higher, swampy birch forests with many lying trunks and stumps, birch clearings with stumps, swampy alder forests.

On coniferous trees, Autumn Honey Mushrooms are less common.

What does Autumn Honey fungus look like?

hat Autumn Honey fungus gray-yellowish or dirty brown with thin brown scales that disappear with age. The plates attached to the leg are white in young honey fungus, then they become brownish-yellow.

Leg of Autumn Honey fungus long, thin, thickened at the bottom, with a membranous whitish ring in the upper part.

White Autumn Honey fungus spores

Autumn honey fungus - collection time

Collected in September - October. The period of abundant growth is short, usually about two weeks, most often this occurs in the first half of September.

How to distinguish Autumn Honey mushrooms from false ones

False honey mushrooms include several types of mushrooms that are very similar to edible honey mushrooms.

1. Autumn Orchard on his leg film ring. And all false mushrooms have bare legs to the toes.

2. The false honey fungus has a smooth cap, without “scales”

3. Hats false mushrooms are more brightly, loudly colored:

4. Records in false mushrooms they are yellow, greenish or olive-black. The Autumn Honey fungus has cream or yellowish-white plates.

(A - Autumn honey mushrooms. B, C - False honey mushrooms)

5. The smell of autumn mushrooms- pleasant mushroom, false mushrooms emit an unpleasant earthy smell.

How is Autumn Honey fungus useful?

There is almost the same amount of phosphorus and calcium in Autumn Honey mushrooms as in fish. They also contain vitamin B2, C, E, PP, magnesium, sodium, potassium and iron.

Nutritional value of honey mushrooms: squirrels- 2.2 g, fats - 1.2 g, carbohydrates - 0.5 g

Honeycomb contains mass of anticancer substances.

How to store Autumn Honey mushrooms

Autumn Honey mushrooms are salted, pickled, boiled and fried.

You need to cook honey mushrooms for 30-40 minutes. Undercooked honey mushrooms can cause indigestion

Autumn Honey mushrooms - interesting facts

Growing on stumps, they can be the cause of a curious phenomenon - glow of tree stumps at night! It is not the stumps themselves that glow, nor the rotting wood, but the mycelium of honey mushrooms, entwining a thin network around the entire stump.