Phrasal verbs in English. Phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs in English are a dark horse. Teachers do not like to explain this topic, justifying themselves by the fact that "it is not so necessary." Meanwhile, if you know phrasal verbs, your English will certainly go uphill. Let's try to help this. Since the topic is large, the article will be divided into two parts. In the first one, we will slightly open the door to the world of these mysterious verbs, tell you what, how, why and why. In the second part there will be many, many examples and secrets of effective memorization.

Part one, in which we get acquainted with phrasal verbs

If you ask the average English speaker what phrasal verbs are, they will shrug their shoulders. This is a term that appeared precisely in the context of the study foreign language. For the English, there are just verbs, some of which are used in conjunction with short parts of speech - adverbs or prepositions.

For simplicity, these short words we will sometimes refer to as particles.

For example, there is a put verb. And there is its use with numerous particles - on, off, down, across, back and so on. The meaning is different in each case.

That is, phrasal English verbs are verbs that consist of two parts:

1. Actually, the verb 2. Particle

The particle changes the meaning of the verb, sometimes beyond recognition:

Break- break

Break in- break in

Somebody broke in last night and stole my jewelry.

Last night someone broke in and stole my jewelry.

Give- give

give up- give up

Don't give up, because you have friends.

Don't give up, because you have friends.

Sometimes, knowing the translation of the verb and the particle separately, you can guess the meaning of the phrasal verb:

Sit- sit down down- down

Sit down- sit down

Let- let, in- in

Let in- let in

Let the cat in, please.

Let the cat in, please.

And sometimes it is impossible to guess the meaning, having met a phrasal verb for the first time:

Let- let, down- down. But the phrase "let down" makes no sense.

let down- let down

Don't let me down this time.

Don't let me down this time.

Phrasal natives and non-phrasal conquerors

Phrasal verbs are a very old phenomenon in English. They were already found in the most ancient written sources. At first, their meanings were literal - direction of movement, place, position of objects in space:

Unlike short adverbs, prepositions show not only the location of objects in space, but also the relationship between the verb and the object.

History of one particle

Over time values phrasal verbs have been modified. The relationship between the verb and the particles became more and more complex. Particles meant not only a physical movement somewhere, but also an allegorical movement, and much more.

For example, the adverb out. British scientists followed its evolution, and this is what they saw:

In the ninth century out meant only movement from the inside out:
Walk out - go out
Ride out - leave
By the fourteenth century out already expressed the idea of something audible:
Cry out - shout out
Call out - call
A hundred years later, another meaning was added - erasing something from the face of the earth:
Die out - die out
Burn out - burn out
In the sixteenth century, new meanings appeared: to distribute, to distribute:
Pass out - distribute
Parcel out - divide into parts
In the nineteenth century out already used with verbs meaning "to remove something from something"
Rinse out - rinse, rinse
Clean out - clean

Needless to say, it was a powerful means of language development. But in 1066 something terrible happened. England was conquered by Normandy, led by William the Conqueror (no wonder he had such a nickname). The English language was literally in disgrace for about a hundred and fifty years. It began to be considered the language of commoners. Can you imagine this now? We don't either. People who considered themselves cultured spoke French.

It was indecent to say, for example, make up(do). After all, there was a "cultural" French fabricator with the same meaning. This is how the English verb to fabricate appeared.

English phrasal verbs with translation and their synonyms come from France:

That is why phrasal verbs usually have non-phrasal synonyms. Until now, phrasal verbs are more common in colloquial speech than in literary. Of course, now the division is no longer so strict. Many phrasal verbs are used so often that you hear them literally everywhere, you see them in books, not to mention films and programs. That is, we can’t say in any way: don’t learn phrasal verbs, you can do without them. You will manage to get by, but you will only sound very unnatural. Your interlocutors will constantly have the feeling that a time machine has been invented, and you just got out of it.

More phrasal verbs and their more literary counterparts:

How to learn to speak using phrasal verbs?

So, you have decided to get closer to the English people and decorate your speech with native phrasal verbs so as not to sound like a snob. It doesn't come easy. There are two reasons:

Most often, at school or institute, we are taught the book variants of verbs. Only later, if we're lucky, do we come across some phrases and find out their translation. It happens that students do not even know about their existence until they reach the intermediate level.
Even if you know about the existence of such structures, it is easy to mix up the particles or put them in the wrong place. Therefore, the use in speech is hindered by the banal fear of error.

We figured out the first problem: now you know that this phenomenon exists in the English language, and it occupies a very important place.

And in order to kill fear, you just need to find out what structures exist and learn how to navigate in them.

So, there are five main structures:

Verb + adverb

Verb + adverb + object

Verb + object + adverb

Verb + preposition + object

Verb + adverb + preposition + object

Verb + adverb. The first combination is the simplest and shortest:
Otherwise, phrasal verbs of this type are called intransitive, that is, the action does not transfer from the verb to some object.
The plane will take off on time - the plane will take off on time
My computer broke down - my computer broke down
Verb + adverb + object. If we add an object to the previous construction - what the action of the verb is aimed at - we get the second type:
Such phrasal verbs are called transitional. The action does not end with the verb, but moves to some object.
Verb + object + adverb: you can insert an object between a verb and an adverb:
Sometimes an object can be inserted either before or after the adverb, and the meaning will not change in any case:
But there are cases when an object should only be in a certain place:
- If the object is very long, or there is a semantic emphasis on it, there is a tendency not to break the phrasal verb:
  Wash out the aluminum glass-topped coffee pot.
  Wash that aluminum coffee pot with a glass lid
- If the direct object is a gerund (ending in ing), the phrasal verb is not broken:
  give up smok ing- stop smoking
  keep on talk ing- keep talking
  put off decid ing- postpone decision
  take up dance ing- start dancing
- If the object is a pronoun, it is always inserted between the verb and the particle:
  wash it out(can't say wash out it)
  blow it up
  take it off
  put them on
  hand it in
- Many phrasal verbs are traditionally used in the same form:
  let off steam- chill out
  Put up a good fight- fight for something
  Keep your shirt on- control yourself
  Cry your eyes out- cry out one's eyes
  Blow someone's head off- blow someone's head off
Verb + preposition + object.
This is similar to the construction verb + adverb + object. But, unlike an adverb, a preposition serves to connect a verb with an object. Word order is always clear here. This order is similar to Russian in sentences with prepositions. In Russian we can say the phrase "I'm counting on my friends", where "counting" is a verb, "on" is a preposition, and "friends" is an object. Can't say "I'm counting friends on".
Likewise in English. You can say:
I count on my friends
I head for home,
but you can't:
I count my friends on,
I head home for.
Verb + adverb + preposition + object.
This formula combines the first and fourth structures. Let's look at examples:
It is curious that in phrasal verbs, the adverb or preposition is always after verb. And in nouns that were formed from these verbs, the adverb is almost always in front.
Part two, in which we are friends with phrasal verbs
You can make friends with them in many ways.
One of them is to learn phrasal verbs in English not separately, but using chamomile. Not real ones, of course, but drawn ones, where the core is a phrasal verb, and the petals are phrases in which it can be used. Or instead of petals, there can be planets that revolve around the sun - whichever you prefer.
Yes, for calm down(calm down, calm down), we have four phrases:
1.Tea calms me down immediately. Tea calms me down instantly.
2. Count down to calm down. To calm down, count backwards.
3. Ways to calm yourself down. Ways to calm down.
4. Calm your baby down. Reassure your child.
We place calm down to the center of the planetary system. Here's what we got:
Phrasal verbs in English, the list of which will be very very long, cannot be learned one by one. Speech consists of phrases, and individual words make little sense. Therefore, with companions, it is easier and more effective to teach them.
You can find "companions" on the Internet, eavesdrop on TV shows, or write them out of a magazine, or even a textbook - any reliable source is good. Phrases can be anything: long, short, frequently used or rare, but interesting to you personally.
Another one " solar system» - clean up(to clean, wash).
1. Let's clean up! Let's clean up!
2.Spring litter clean-up
(this is a phrasal noun, but it will also come in handy). Spring garbage collection.
3. clean up the mess! Clean up the mess!
4. It's properly cleaned up. It is well washed.
An additional plus of this method is that you see the word used in different grammatical forms. Not only in the infinitive, but also in the past tense, in the passive voice, in the third person, and so on.
The second way is to distribute phrasal verbs by topic.

Today we have chosen five topics:
1. Love and feelings (where without them);
2. Internet and computer (without this, all the more nowhere);
4. Sports and physical activity;
Love and feelings

So if you want to start with someone romantic relationship, then you have a lot of ways to say it with phrasal verbs. If you
have your eye on someone- have eyes on someone
you can start
hit on him/her- flirt with him or her
chat up- Start a conversation to get to know each other
ask him/her out- invite him/her on a date.
If you are not very good at
pick up- seduce
and you were denied, there is an option
run after him/her- "run" after him / her, that is, try to attract attention(although we do not recommend doing this).
Well, if you had a relationship, but for some reason did not work out, you can always
Break up with him/her break up with him or her.
Almost all phrasal verbs in English are used in songs. Well, songs about love - their inexhaustible source. Can you figure out where the phrasal verbs are hidden?
I know you ain't in love with him, break up with him.
I know you're not in love with him, break up with him.
I got to ask her out before I get too old.
I should ask her out before I get old.
He runs after a girl until he's caught.
He runs after the girl until he himself is caught.
Internet and computer

Many of the phrases in this topic are related to the verb to go. It doesn’t have any meanings - enable, enter, access, use something ...
Whenever I go on a computer, the first thing I open is the site and YouTube.
When I sit down at the computer, the first thing I do is go to the site and YouTube.
More useful words:
sign up- subscribe
Print off (out)- print
set up- install
Type in- print, enter (for example, in the input line)
plug into- to plug
Filter out- filter out (for example, spam)
No doubt you've met at least some of them on the web, reading something like the following:
Sign up to see photos and videos from your friends.
Subscribe to see photos and videos of your friends.
Do I have to print out the e-tickets?
Do I need to print e-tickets?
Plug the keyboard into your computer.
Connect your keyboard to your computer.
Food

Hungry? No problem, let's cook something.
open up the fridge- open the refrigerator.
Get out everything that is badly lying there.
Cut everything up- cut everything
add in some spices of your choice- add spices to taste,
fry it up- fry. Don't forget on time
turn it over- turn over.
Didn't it taste very good? If you not
full up- ate
then the only way out is
eat out- eat out.
The main thing when you sit in a restaurant is not to suddenly remember that you forgot
turn off the oven- turn off the oven.
Sports and physical activity

After eating, you can stretch a little. So to speak,
work off- work out those sweets that were eaten at the restaurant.
And yes, it would be nice
get rid of- get rid of from several kilograms.
Do you like to work out? Do you enjoy exercising?
For starters, you must
warm up- warm up.
Spread out your arms - stretch your arms to the sides.
bend down your knees - bend your knees,
jump your feet apart- Spread your legs wide and
jump your feet together- Gather your legs with a jump.
Go on jumping - keep jumping.
Good. Now
cool down- take a hitch, cool off.
Stretch up- Stretch.
If you are bored of working alone, you can
Join in- join, join a running club (a running club).
Then maybe someday you
take part- take part in a marathon. Over time you
bulk up- Gain muscle mass.
Studies

We know that you, our readers, are constantly learning. Maybe in order to
sail through the exams- pass exams successfully
scrape through them- hand them over somehow
and not let the teachers
mark you down- Lower your rating.
Maybe you're nibbling on the granite of science to
to get into a good university- enroll in good university, to be able to
major in- specialize in what you like and, over time
leave behind- outrun everyone else.
You are passionate about English. You
write down- write down new words
skim through- browse articles about English grammar,
go over- teach Irregular Verbs and idioms.
Keep it up! The main thing,
Don't ever give up- never give up! And you will succeed.
Now GET a bonus!
Finally, a little about the word get. It's not a very familiar word to us. Meanwhile, this is a great injustice, because it can be used literally for everything. No, really, if you forgot all the phrasal verbs of the English language, and non-phrasal ones too, say get and you will be understood. Yes, this is the right word for "any incomprehensible situation":
How did you get here? - How did you come here?
I don't get you, could you explain? I don't understand you, could you explain?
Get some beer with you - Take beer with you.
Noticed that get goes instead of arrive (arrive), understand (understand), take (take)? And these are just some of the values. And phrasal verbs get forms visibly-invisibly. Today we will introduce you to some of them.
Deal with difficulty
I will get by with a little help from my family.
I can get through this with a little help from my family.
Get along
To be in good relations with someone.
My sister and I get along well.
My sister and I have a good relationship.
Hint.
What are you getting at?
What you're suggesting?
Get ahead
Get around someone, make progress in some area compared to others.
He has done everything to get ahead of his colleagues.
He did everything to get around his colleagues.
Get into
1. Get carried away with something;
2. Enter, get (to an educational institution)
I got into piano playing again.
I started to get interested in playing the piano again.
What if I don't get into any university?
What if I don't get into university?
get away
1. Go on vacation / vacation;
2. Hide, run away.
I love to get away on summer breaks.
I love to go somewhere in the summer.
The thieves couldn't get away in broad daylight.
The thieves could not escape in broad daylight.

Phrasal verbs have become very popular in modern English speech. If you want to understand modern English, then you can't get away from this topic. Native speakers use phrasal verbs very actively, and if you do not know them, it will be problematic to understand English speech.

Phrasal verbs. Introduction

Verb → preposition

Verbs of motion → preposition

Go out/go in/come back

Very often a phrasal verb can look like a combination of a verb of motion and a preposition. In this case, the preposition will indicate the direction of movement. This combination is very easy to understand and remember.

Accordingly, we can say:

geton,lookout,runaway,takeoff etc. These are all phrasal verbs.

Let's break down these links:

Get on- get into transport (one of the many options for translating this bundle). I got on the bus. - I got on the bus.

look out- look from somewhere look- to look, but it is not clear where, preposition out indicates that we are looking from somewhere). For example, you look out the window - you are looking out of the window.

run away- run away ( run- run, away- walk away) run away with me - run away with me.

take off- take something off, take off your clothes take- take, off- leave the space take off- remove yourself) take off the socks - take off your socks.

Looking at these examples, you can intuitively guess how the link is translated. We see that we have before us verbs that denote direction, and prepositions associated with this direction.

Consider more examples (in these examples we will also use the verb of movement + preposition):

get out - you walk → We get out of the car. - We got out of the car;

go in - for walk , in walk → Go in one ear and out the other. It went in one ear, went out the other. The English say so too.

Come on→ Come on! He is waiting for you. - Quicker! He is waiting for you.

grow up→ What do you want to do when you grow up? - What will you do when you grow up?

Come back→ He will come back to her - He will return to her.

turn round→ He turned round and looked at me - He turned and looked at me.

We see that with verbs of motion, everything is much simpler. In this case, the English preposition plays the role of a Russian prefix. For example, in Russian we speak at go, and in English the role of the prefix " at" will play a suggestion off, and as a result we get - drive-offat drive.

Here are some examples to get you started note that we do not translate the verb separately from the preposition).

Get on – we already know that one of the translations of this very popular bunch is to get into some kind of transport. Now let's take a look at another situation.

How are you getting on? = How did you do? – How are you doing? In this offer get on- deal. This is far from the last meaning of this bundle.

look out- look out from somewhere. I look out of the room. - I look out of the room.

And here is another example where the same phrasal verb gives a completely different meaning.

look out= be careful! Watch out! Be careful!

break down, break- break, down- move down. What can be broken down? Well, yes, it sounds strange. Let's see what it means in context. my skateboard broke down.- My skateboard is broken.

Break up- breake down.

They broke up yesterday. - They broke up yesterday.

Any phrasal verb only makes sense when it is used in context.

Phrasal verb → preposition

Sometimes a phrasal verb can be followed by another preposition, and then we get something like this: “Why did she run away from you. Why did she run away from you? And then we panic: “how to translate all this?”, “What does it mean, two prepositions after the verb?”. But here everything is not so complicated as it seems at first glance.

We just have to understand that, most likely, the first preposition refers to the verb, and the second to the object, that is, away → run, from → you.

Each phrasal verb often has a synonym.

For example:

You can give up

You can stop smoking - you can quit smoking.

The same combination can have different meanings and fulfill different functions It all depends on the situation and context.

For example:

Some phrasal verbs are pointless to use without an object. For example, I put out– I extinguished. What did I put out? It is completely unclear what in question. And now, in order to get a complete sentence with meaning, we must definitely add an object. I put out a fire. - I put out the fire. Well, now everything fell into place.
Based on whether the object is present in the sentence or absent, phrasal verbs can be divided into:
- transitional ( phrasal verbs have an object );
- intransitive ( phrasal verbs not require object and are independent).

Iturned off the computer.- I turned off the computer. If just I turned off- I included, then the phrase itself does not make sense, and, of course, in relation to the action, the question suggests itself.

This table provides examples of transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs.

Since a sentence with a phrasal verb can have an object (we already know that such verbs are called transitive), it is logical that this object should find its place in the sentence. Hence the question. Can the object break the link and come between the verb and the preposition, or can it only come after the phrasal verb. Yes, such a division is possible.

Therefore, phrasal verbs can be:

separable, most phrasal verbs can be separable object → these include transitive verbs (phrasal verb + object);
inseparable cannot be separated object → these include all intransitive (phrasal verb without object) and some transitive verbs (phrasal verb + object).

Consider an example with a separable phrasal verb:

"You should give up this job.“You must give up this job.”

"You should give this job up».

In both cases, the link is translated in the same way, but here's what's interesting: since we are performing an action on an object (the object is this job), then this object can stand between the main verb and its preposition or not break at all. Even though the preposition came after the object, they still denote one indivisible concept, it continues to be a phrasal verb.

As a rule, there are two options where the object will appear: after the phrasal verb or between the verb and the preposition. It depends on the speaker himself.

But if you replace an object pronoun (it / them / me / he, etc.), then they must necessarily place the pronoun between the two parts (between the verb and the preposition).

Let's consider the same example.

Should I give up this job? → Yes, you should give itup.

Will we pick up t he children? → Yes, let's pickthemup.

The pronoun will always come between the verb and the preposition.

Examples with inseparable phrasal verbs:

I came across the book by chance. I stumbled upon this book by accident.(You can't say: I came the book across)

I stayed up all night. - I didn't sleep all night.(You can't say: I stayed all night up.)

Sometimes the same phrasal verb can be both transitive and intransitive.

Here is an example with a transitive phrasal verb.

my mother gave up smoking.- My mother quit smoking.

And here is the same phrasal verb, but in this example, it plays the role of an intransitive.

Don't give up!- Do not give up!

Why is it important to learn phrasal verbs? Since native English speakers always use such verbs in their speech, learning a language without these verbs does not make sense. And, of course, this has its advantages, we do not need to know a huge number of words in order to express our thoughts.

To conclude, let's revisit some phrasal verbs that will help you complete the next test.

Verb	Translation
take off	take off
act out	to have a dialog)
wake up	wake up
be back	come back
carry on	continue
get up	get up
get off	get out of the car)
get on	get into transport
turn off	turn off
turn on	include
look out	watch from somewhere
run away	run away
go in	come in
grow up	grow up
turn round	turn
break up	part
check in	check in (at the hotel)
check out	to check out, to leave (from a hotel)
go away	leave
put down	put

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When learning English, many people have difficulty learning phrasal verbs. The fact is that they can quickly and unexpectedly change their values and there are a lot of them. Phrasal verbs are especially common in spoken English. Let's take a look at this interesting topic.

Types of phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are an almost innumerable group of verbs that, when combined with various prepositions or short adverbs, can take on a variety of new meanings. Strictly speaking, there are three kinds of phrasal verbs:

Directly phrasal verbs (phrasal verbs), formed with the help of adverbs:

give up- give up, quit
find out- find out, find out
take off- take off, quickly leave

Prepositional verbs:

go on- continue
look after- take care of, look after
come across- stumble upon, find by chance

Phrasal-prepositional verbs containing both an adverb and a preposition:

put up with endure, put up with something
come up with- invent
look up to- respect, lead by example

History of phrasal verbs

The origin of phrasal verbs can be traced back to the earliest Old English written sources. Adverbs and prepositions in them were used in a very literally and denoted, basically, the direction, place or orientation of the object in space. For example:

The man walked out. - The man is out. ( direction)

The man stood by. The man was standing next to me. ( place)

The man held his hand up. The man raised his hand. ( orientation)

In addition, both adverbs and prepositions indicated the relationship of the verb and object in the sentence:

The woman stood by the house. The woman was standing near the house. ( place)

The thief climbed out the window. — The thief got out of the window. ( direction)

He hung the coat over the fire. He hung his cloak over the fire. ( orientation in space)

The number of combinations of verbs with adverbs and prepositions has accumulated over the centuries. Their meanings sometimes changed beyond recognition. To illustrate the development of meanings, consider below the nuances that the adverb "out" has acquired over several centuries.

OUT: adventures of one dialect

In the 9th century, it had only a literal meaning - "outward movement", for example, walk out (get out) and ride out (leave). Around the 14th century, the meaning of “spell out a sound” was added, for example, cry out (shout out) and call out (call, appeal). In the 15th century, the meaning of “cease to exist” appeared - die out (die out) and burn out (burn out, burn out).

By the 16th century, the meaning of "distribute equally" appeared, for example, pass out (distribute) and parcel out (send out). And by the 19th century, the meaning of “free from the contents” was added, for example, clean out (clean out) and rinse out (wash). Moreover, in modern colloquial English verb pass out means "pass out, lose consciousness."

As you may have noticed, most of the verbs in the above example are translated by the Russian verb with the prefix - in this case, these are the prefixes "you-" and "raz-", which, like "out", have the main meaning of moving out.

We connect intuition

How does the prefix serve in Russian powerful tool formation of various verbs from the same root ( walk, you walk, at walk, with walk, at walk etc.), so in English the same role is played by prepositions and adverbs.

The meanings of some phrasal verbs are intuitive, as they are easily deduced from its constituent elements: come back - return, go away - leave, stand up - get up and so on. Others wear, and their meanings just need to be remembered separately, for example: take after - take an example, be like someone.

In combination with various elements, the main verb can acquire a variety of meanings, at first glance, little related to each other in meaning. For example:

look- look

look for- search

look after- take care

look up to- respect

Synonyms for phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs can be found in and genre, but still the main area of their use is colloquial speech. In official business and scientific style, it is more common to use verbs of French, Latin or Greek origin. This is not a strict rule, but a steady trend and has a long history.

Phrasal verbs arose naturally in the English language, however, an event occurred that caused the language to develop in two parallel ways. That event was the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.

After William the Conqueror invaded the country and seized power, French began to predominate in the upper strata of society, and English was supplanted and became the language of the common people. This situation continued for a century and a half, until in 1204 England freed itself from French domination.

During this time, French became the language of educated people, and it was from it that writers borrowed new words to make up for the impoverished vocabulary of English. In addition, many scientists knew Latin and ancient Greek, so they turned to these languages, drawing from them terms for new areas of knowledge.

Which, along with the original ones, expressed the nuances of the same concept. For example, the meaning of the word foretell (to predict) can be expressed by the Latin word predict or the Greek word prophesy. As a result, while native phrasal verbs naturally developed in folk speech, borrowed words expanded the scientific and literary vocabulary.

The English language continues to develop today along these two parallel paths. Therefore, hundreds of English phrasal verbs have French, Latin or Greek synonyms that have a similar meaning but more "scientific" sound. Here are just a few of these synonyms:

blow up	explode	explode)	find out	ascertain	clarify, elucidate
give up	surrender	give up	go against	opposite	mind, resist
hand in	submit	submit (documents)	leave out	omit	miss (ignore)
look forward to	anticipate	expect, look forward to	look up to	admire, respect	admire, respect
make up	fabricate	dream up	point out	indicate	show
pull out	extract	extract, pull out	put off	postpone	postpone (for later)
put out	extinguish	extinguish (fire)	put together	assemble, compose	collect
speed up	accelerate	accelerate)	stand up for	defense	protect

Separability of phrasal verbs

Most phrasal verbs are inseparable, that is, a preposition or adverb immediately follows the main part. You can say:

"She looks after her sister" ("She takes care of her sister"), but you can not - "She looks her sister after".

However, there are many verbs that can be divided. Phrases "He took off his coat" ("He took off his coat") and "He took his coat off"Equally true.

To figure out which verbs can be separated and which not, you need to remember two classifications. First, as we said at the beginning of the article, phrasal verbs form three subcategories: prepositional verbs, phrasal verbs, and prepositional phrasal verbs. Secondly, any verb can be transitive (have a direct object) or intransitive (have no object).

Prepositional verbs have the form verb + preposition

A preposition is always followed by an object (noun or pronoun), so all prepositional verbs have a direct object. He is looking for his glasses. He is looking for his glasses.

Prepositional verbs cannot be divided, that is, we cannot put an object between its parts. You can't say "He is looking his glasses for".

Phrasal verbs have the form verb + adverb

Short adverbs are not always easy to distinguish from prepositions. Say, in the sentence "You can count on them" ("You can count on them"), on is a preposition, and in the sentence "You can go on"("You can continue") is an adverb. The grammatical difference is that an adverb does not always need an object. Thus, phrasal verbs can be both transitive and intransitive. For example:

give up surrender (intransitive verb)

2016-04-04

Greetings, my dear readers.

Have you ever watched a movie or ? Or maybe you had to listen to natural, and not academic, English speech? If the answers to these questions are yes, then you should definitely have noticed that native speakers use phrasal verbs in almost 80% of sentences. Therefore, today we have a lot of important things on the topic of the day:

I want to tell you what it is - a phrasal verb,
I will share with you my top 20 "The most popular phrasal verbs in the English language",
and I will also give a couple of secrets on how to remember them the fastest.

Ready? Then go ahead!

By the way, after studying, you can continue to get acquainted with them further:

What is a phrasal verb?

I would even say this is a phenomenon when a verb, together with a certain preposition, acquires a certain meaning. Let's look at an example.

What are you looking for ? - What you looking for?

Do you still look after you grandmother? - Are you still looking after for your grandmother?

In this way, with a change in the preposition after the verb, you can radically change the meaning of the whole word and even the sentence.

What is extremely important is not to confuse phrasal verbs with dependent prepositions. The latter are always paired with a certain word (for example, listen to smth- listen to something) and if you change the preposition, then the phrase will simply be wrong. But if you change the preposition in a phrasal verb, you can get the correct, but completely different meaning.

I think you got the idea, and now my table is a list of the most common verbs with translation and examples for better understanding and memorization.

Top 20 most popular phrasal verbs and examples of their use

Go on - continue.

I suddenly stopped talking.

- go on , - she said.

I suddenly stopped talking.

-Continue, - she said.

Pick up - raise.

The telephone was ringing, but I couldn't pick it up. - The phone rang but I couldn't raise handset.

Get up - get up.

Get up , brush your teeth and hair. I have almost finished preparing the breakfast.- get up brush your teeth and comb your hair. I have almost finished preparing breakfast.

Turn on\off - enable/disable.

Turn on the light, please, and turn off the radio. - You are welcome, turn it on light and turn off radio.

Turn around - turn around.

You look amazing in this dress. turn around one more time. - You look great in this dress. turn around again.

Hold on - hold, wait.

Hold on a minute, please. I need to check schedule. -Wait one minute, please. I need to check the schedule.

Give up - give up.

Never give up if you don't have faith in you success at the moment. - Never not give up, even if you do not believe in your success at the moment.

Carry on - continue.

Whatever happens - just carry on ! - No matter what happens - continue.

Come on - come on, go ahead!

Come on , guys! You can win! -Forward, guys! You can win!

Call off - cancel.

We were about to go for a meeting when it was suddenly called off. - We were about to go to the meeting when, unexpectedly, canceled.

Break down - break.

I can't meet you. My car has broken down recently. - I cannot meet you. My car recently broke down.

Bring up - educate.

It costs a lot to bring up a child nowadays. - Now grow child is very expensive.

Find out - find out.

What if he find out? - What if he learns?

Walk away - leave.

If you don't love me - just walk away. - If you don't love me - just leave.

Look for - search.

What are you looking for? - What you looking for?

Stand up - get up.

When the teacher enters the classroom - stand up. - When the teacher enters the classroom - stand up.

Sit down - sit down.

When the teacher asks you to sit down- do it. - When the teacher asks you sit down- sit down.

Run away - run away

How many times did I want to run away from all my problems? - How many times have I wanted run away from all my problems?

Come in - enter.

Come in! Mother has almost finished serving the table. -Come in. Mom almost finished setting the table.

Try on - try on.

This dress matches your eyes. You should try it on . - This dress matches the color of your eyes. you need it try on.

How to quickly and easily learn phrasal verbs?

Oh, there is no universal answer to this question. But from my own experience, as well as many years of experience with my students, I can say that learning basic phrasal verbs is much easier than you think. Here are some tips and techniques for remembering:

Divide them into groups.

According to any principle convenient for you: by the main word, by preposition, by topic, or simply by quantity - as long as it is convenient for you to remember. The point is that you start learning small groups of phrases.

Make mental analogies.

At one time phrasal verb look for - search, - I remember the fact that it is pronounced like Russian word"loupe". And to this day, the image of a magnifying glass pops up in my head every now and then.

Draw analogies and associations, build your own visual system that will help you quickly and desirable.

Practice.

A lot of practice never hurt anyone. , listen to natural English speech, fiction- you yourself will not notice how you will start using phrasal verbs more and more.

Well, if you're tired, then here's what I'll tell you:

« Calm down and carry on Relax and keep going!

But if you still feel that you need support in learning the language - subscribe to my blog newsletter, where I regularly share important and useful information.

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