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Where did the expression “Indian summer” come from and what does it mean? Indian summer - what is it and when does it come?

The period of the first has passed autumn cooling, we managed to forget about the hot days, took out autumn clothes and shoes.

As usual, in the second half of September the weather improved, forcing us to put on shorts and summer T-shirts again. Since childhood, we have known this period under the name “Indian summer”.

Have you ever wondered why autumn warming is called that way?

Why does this happen every year

A period of autumn warming after a short cooling occurs almost every year. This is noticed in Russia, and in Europe, and even in North America.

Meteorologists believe that this weather phenomenon associated with a persistent anticyclone that influences the weather in most of the northern hemisphere.

Warming usually occurs in the second half of September, less often in early October. Dry and warm weather lasts from one to three weeks, after which typical autumn sets in with rain, wind and cold weather.

What Science Says

Like many chemical processes, this occurs with the release of thermal energy. Billions of leaves and blades of grass collectively generate large amounts of heat, which can affect the weather.

Warm air rises from the ground, dispersing clouds and causing rise atmospheric pressure. This leads to the formation of an anticyclone, which is recorded by meteorologists every year at approximately the same time.

The longer the process of mass withering of plants lasts, the longer autumn pleases us with warm weather.

Who calls this period and what?

In ancient times, our ancestors called autumn warming "Marfino's Summer" and associated it with the holidays. The beginning of the period coincided with the day of Simeon the Summer Guide (September 14), and the end with the Day of Exaltation (September 27).

The appearance of the term “Indian summer” is associated with the work cycle of peasants. Autumn warming coincides with the end of field work; at this time, women usually took up household chores and prepared for winter.

The Southern Slavs (Bulgarians and Serbs) call the warming "Gypsy summer". In Austria and Germany it is customary to say "summer of older women", in the Czech Republic – "Spiderweb Summer", and in Holland - "after-summer". Italians call warm period autumn "Summer of St. Martin", and the French - "Summer of Saint Denis".

In North America this period is usually called Indian summer due to the variegated color of the leaves, similar to the clothing and war paint of the Indians.

That's it, now you know that Indian summer is not the period after the presentation of the new iPhone, when many of the fair sex begin to beg for a fresh smartphone.

INDIAN SUMMER – history, traditions, folk signs.

"Indian Summer" It is customary to call the last warm sunny days of September. Of particular value this period time has in regions with fairly short and unpredictable summers. Let's try to figure out why this is an “Indian” summer and not a “peasant” one.

By definition, Indian summer occurs around the same time every year.

It's mid-September. Starts September 13-14 and ends September 23-27. In general, you will only be able to bask in the sun for 1-2 weeks.

Of course, this is all very conditional and depends on geography. For example, in the European part of Russia warm days start on September 13th. In Central Siberia it’s already a couple of days later.

And in the Far East, warm days arrive at the end of September or even at the beginning of October.

And this year, according to numerous weather forecasts, it is expected that the Indian summer will be divided into 2 parts. Between them there will be colder temperatures and precipitation in the form of rain.

Essence and traditions

The main idea is clear - warm, dry, sunny weather. Why does it occur? The whole reason is a stable anticyclone. Thanks to him, we can throw off our raincoats and enjoy the warmth to the fullest. In general, no miracles...

By the way, it should also be noted that Indian summer begins immediately after the first significant cold snap. At the beginning of September there are several rainy and unusually cold days. And at the end of this depressing period, the long-awaited (and for some unexpected) warmth comes.

If for some reason you don’t like the name of “this” summer, feel free to call it “Indian Summer”! This is the common name in North America.

In tradition Eastern Slavs this short period Sunny weather is inextricably linked with harvesting. This also includes rituals associated with seeing off summer and welcoming autumn. In general, people have fun after the harvest.

Of course, one cannot do without influence Orthodox culture. For example, September 14 is the day of Simeon the Chronicler, and September 21 is Osenina (harvest festival in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary).

Folk signs

The most famous sign- this flying web (“netnetnik”). If you get a spider web in your face, or if you notice one in large quantities on various plants, in meadows, on tree branches, which means there will be good start autumn: warm and without rain.

If it so happens that the entire Indian summer is stormy, then the subsequent autumn will be drier. And vice versa. “Riding on Semyon Day makes horses bolder, dogs become kinder and don’t get sick.”

The more flying cobwebs, the warmer and brighter the autumn will be.

Why is it called that (and what are the names in other countries)

There are different versions of the origin of the name “this” summer. And almost all of them came from the people.

In the old days, women had a very hard time. There is work in the field, harvesting, and preparing food for winter time, and also family troubles. Let's not mention the terrible serfdom period...

So, these warm September days were short time relaxation for all women. Then they started laying flax, doing handicrafts, in general, new work was going on.

*Another version concerns that very cobweb flying in the fields. The web is somewhat similar to a woman's long gray hair.

*At this time, you can see the Pleiades constellation in the sky. People called him briefly - Baba.

As for names in other countries, there are also parallels with women.

In German-speaking countries it is the “summer of old ladies.” In France - “Summer of Saint Denis”, in Italy - “Summer of Saint Martin”. In the USA and Canada, as mentioned earlier, “Indian summer” is coming. And finally, in Bulgaria - “Gypsy Summer”.

Now you know when Indian summer is expected, what kind of summer it is, and where the “Indian” name comes from. I wish you to nourish yourself with warmth and positive emotions these days!

When does it come - Indian summer?... My mother-in-law told me that Indian summer begins on September 14!!! Why then is the weather not summer? or to

“Indian summer” is a period of warm and dry weather in September - early October. Associated with a stable anticyclone over this territory. “Indian summer” comes after a significant cold snap, and may be accompanied by secondary flowering of some plants that usually bloom only once a year.

According to the Brockhaus and Efron dictionary, “Indian summer” is a dry, clear autumn in late August and early September, when cobwebs (side-walking spiders) fly in the air.

From a meteorological point of view, “Indian summer” is a period of stable anticyclonic weather observed at the beginning of autumn, when the nighttime cooling of the soil and air is not yet too strong, and the daytime heating, although significant, does not reach the limit that would be perceived as heat.

“Indian summer” is called “Indian summer” among the Eastern and Western Slavs, as well as in German-speaking countries (Altweibersommer). In Bulgaria and Serbia it is called “Gypsy summer”, in Holland “after summer” (Nazomer), in North America this period of autumn is called “Indian summer”, in Italy - “summer of St. Martin”, in France this time of year was traditionally called “summer Saint Denis", but in recent decades, due to the wide popularity of the song of the same name by Joe Dassin, the literal translation of the North American name - Été indien - is more often used.

Duration of fine days " Indian summer» varies, as does its start time. Usually this is one to two weeks (two to three natural synoptic periods), falling in mid-September until early October. IN Central Russia the beginning of “Indian summer” is September 14. In Europe and North America, this period begins later, only at the end of September or in the 1st half of October. In the south Far East Indian summer begins in early October. In southern Siberia, sharp warming often occurs in late September - early October. In the European part of Russia, as well as in Belarus and northern Ukraine, warming often occurs in mid-October (for 3-7 days). This period is often mistakenly called Indian summer.

According to Explanatory dictionary Dahl, “Indian summer” (Marfino’s summer) begins on Semyon-day, or the day of Simeon the summer guide (September 14), and ends on Asposov’s day (September 21); or on the day of Exaltation (September 28). Here, at Dahl’s, there is a young “Indian summer”, which takes place from August 28 (Feast of the Assumption) to September 11.

According to the Big Soviet Encyclopedia, the original meaning of the phrase “Indian summer” is “the time when old women can still bask in the autumn sun.” The expression is also associated with that period in the life of peasants when field work ended and women began to do household chores: they soaked flax, ruffled it, and weaved it. In the old days, during the days of the young “Indian summer,” they began to pickle cucumbers and followed the custom of making peace and resolving all conflicts with the beginning of the young “Indian summer.” In Rus', these days were celebrated as rural holidays. In the evenings they spun, sang, and had gatherings. After the “Indian summer”, women tinkered with canvases, took up spindles, and handicrafts.

According to another version, the combinations “Indian summer”, “Indian days”, “Indian cold” in the old days had a meaning based on superstition: women have the power to return the seasons and generally influence the weather.

People say that “only a woman can warm you up like that when almost everything is lost.”

Other names

This period of autumn is called “Indian summer” among the Eastern and Western Slavs. Among the southern Slavs (in Bulgaria, Macedonia) it is called “Gypsy summer”, in Serbia - “Michael summer” (“Mihoљsko љeto”), in Croatia - also called Indian summer (Bablje ljeto), also “Michael summer” (“Miholjsko ljeto") according to St. Michael and "Martin's summer" ("Martinjsko ljeto") according to St. Martin, in German-speaking countries - "old woman's summer" (more precisely, "summer of old women" - Altweibersommer, literal translation "summer of old women") , in Holland - “after summer”, in North America - “Indian summer”, in Italy - “summer of St. Martin”. In France, this time of year was traditionally called "Saint Denis summer", but in last decades, due to the wide popularity of the song of the same name by Joe Dassin, the literal translation of the North American name - Été indien - is more often used. In Portuguese-speaking countries, the term "Summer of St. Martinho" or "Veránicu" (Letochko) is used. In Spanish-speaking countries, the term is used depending on the month when Indian summer occurs, so August/September is “Summer of St. Miguel”; in October/November - “Summer of St. Martin”, as well as “Summer of St. John” or “Summer of St. John Baptiste”.

Timing and duration

The duration of the fine days of “Indian summer” varies, as does the time of its beginning. Usually this is one to two weeks (two to three natural synoptic periods), falling in mid-September until early October. In the Central region of the European part of Russia, the beginning of “Indian summer” is September 14. In Europe and North America, this period begins later, at the end of September or in the 1st half of October. In the south of the Far East, Indian summer begins in early October. In southern Siberia, sharp warming often occurs in late September - early October. In the European part of Russia, as well as in Belarus and northern Ukraine, in mid-October, warming often occurs to +15...20 degrees (for 3-7 days). This period is often mistakenly called Indian summer.

According to Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary, “Indian summer” (Marfino’s summer) begins on Semyon-day, or the day of Simeon the summer guide, September 1 (14), and ends on Asposov day, September 8 (21); or on the day of Exaltation on September 14 (27). Here, at Dahl's, it is found young Indian summer, taking place from August 15 (28) - the feast of the Assumption to August 29 (September 11) - Golovosek.

There is, however, another version of the “Indian summer” phenomenon, which explains the autumn warming by the release of a gigantic amount of heat during chemical reaction decomposition of chlorophyll during a period of rapid simultaneous yellowing of foliage. If you follow this version, the start and end of the “Indian summer” will shift in Central Russia to the end of September-beginning of October, almost until leaf fall.

Story

Autumn is rolling, autumn is rolling, it’s rolling at your feet. The leaves are tossing, the leaves are tossing in the rain. We don't like Indian summer, we don't like Indian summer - We're with you for spring, we'll wait for spring with you. further

Song "Indian Summer". Vysotsky Vladimir Semyonovich (lyrics by Igor Kokhanovsky).

The maples painted the city with some kind of Witchcraft color, This means very soon Indian summer, Indian summer. This means very soon Indian summer, Indian summer. further

Notes

Links

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Synonyms:

Babushkino (apple variety)
Babya (mountain)

See what “Indian Summer” is in other dictionaries:

Indian summer- autumn Dictionary of Russian synonyms. Indian summer noun, number of synonyms: 5 letiga (4) ... Dictionary of synonyms

INDIAN SUMMER- period of dry solar and warm weather in Europe and North America (where it is called Indian summer) in September October. Usually associated with a stable anticyclone, lasts 2-3 weeks... Modern encyclopedia

INDIAN SUMMER- a period of dry, sunny and warm weather in Europe and the North. America (where it is called the Indian summer) in September October. Usually associated with a stable anticyclone, lasts 2-3 weeks... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Where the cheerful sickle walked and the ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere, -
Only a web of thin hair
Glistens on the idle furrow.

Fyodor Tyutchev

Indian summer is here. Indian summer is warm and dry weather, the interval between the heat of summer and the cold and rain of autumn. A time of warmth - but not heat, fresh air, the beginning of massive leaf wilting; time for flying webs and the most delicious watermelons.

Why is it Indian, is it summer? Here you need to understand that this period of time is distinguished not only in Russia, but throughout Europe. For example, in Serbia it is Michaelmas Summer. It's Martin's summer in Croatia. In Germany - the old woman's, in Holland - the afterlife, in Italy - St. Martin, in France - St. Denis. In Spain - the summer of St. Miguel, etc.

And it’s a woman’s word because in Rus' at that time women could bask in the still warm, even hot, but no longer sultry sun. Why women? The fact is that in mid-September field work related to harvesting and preparing the land for winter ended. The men went about their business - transporting and storing crops, preparing huts for rain and cold, slaughtering livestock, and so on. But women, that is, in old Russian - women, took on household chores: they soaked and ruffled flax and hemp, weaved, salted and soaked vegetables and fruits, in general - they did “women’s” things. And they did it outside, in the fresh air and still warm in the sun. Everywhere one could see groups of such women going about their business. And the men, driving by on carts with grain, said: “The Indian summer has come.”

In addition to such “Indian Summer” work, rural holidays were celebrated in the Indian summer in Rus'. In the evenings they spun, sang, held gatherings, and danced in circles. Again, women. Again, companies.

Weddings took place in large numbers. They brewed beer. An interesting custom, by the way - on Indian summer people burned his straw beds. This whole ritual was performed from the “evil eye”. And fresh straw smells much better. More interesting custom- the children were bathed on the threshold of the hut using a sieve. It was believed that this would protect against disease. In general, the common people had a lot to do during the Indian summer. And we loved this time especially.

So this is what it is, this “Indian summer”. Enjoy. Winter is coming...

Where did the expression “Indian summer” come from and what does it mean? updated: September 21, 2017 by: Roman Gvozdikov