A.Griboedov. The main dates of life and creativity. The fate of A. S. Griboyedov: a brilliant career and a terrible death
2. Stepan Nikitich Begichev(1785-1859) - Colonel, Russian memoirist; brother of D. N. Begichev and E. N. Yablochkova. In 1813 he served as adjutant under General A. S. Kologrivov, together with his brother Dmitry and A. S. Griboedov. He was a member of the early Decembrist organizations. He was a member of the Welfare Union. In the 1820s, Begichev's house was one of the centers cultural life Moscow. A. S. Griboyedov, V. F. Odoevsky, V. K. Kuchelbeker, D. V. Davydov, A. N. Verstovsky have been here. Based on personal recollections, he wrote “A Note on A. S. Griboyedov” (“Russian Bulletin”, 1892).Prince Alexander Alexandrovich Shakhovskoy (1777–1846) was a Russian playwright and theatrical figure from the Shakhovsky family. From 1802 to 1826 he served in the St. Petersburg Directorate of the Imperial Theaters and actually directed the theaters of St. Petersburg. In 1811-1815, Shakhovskoy took an active part in the activities of the Conversations of Lovers of the Russian Word. At this time, he writes a poetic comedy "A lesson for coquettes, or Lipetsk waters." In terms of artistic merit, this play towered over everything that was created in Russia in the field of poetic comedy after Kapnist's Yabeda and before Woe from Wit. ()
10. Gnedich Nikolai Ivanovich(1784–1833) – poet and translator. Griboedov wrote a critical article against Gnedich, who sharply criticized Katenin's translation of Burger's ballad "Lenora". Gnedich considered Zhukovsky's ballad "Lyudmila" to be an exemplary translation of this work. Griboedov noted the inaccuracies of Zhukovsky's translation, which softened the style of the original, and defended Katenin's vernacular translation. Despite this harsh criticism, Griboyedov appreciated Gnedich as a writer and translator. In 1824, having returned to St. Petersburg, he considered it necessary to visit him and in a letter to P. A. Vyazemsky on June 27 he wrote: inflated, but it seems that he is much more intelligent than many here ”(
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was born in Moscow in 1795. He came from a wealthy noble family that belonged to the high Moscow society, which he later described in his comedy Woe from Wit (see its full text and summary on our website). He received excellent upbringing and education, first at home, with various teachers and tutors, then at the Noble Boarding School. Griboyedov was fluent in several foreign languages, played the piano perfectly and sometimes took a great interest in musical improvisations; from childhood, a talented, gifted nature was visible in him. At the age of fifteen he entered Moscow University, where he stayed for 2 years. Here his literary views and tastes were formed and determined; on Griboedov had big influence professor of aesthetics Boulet, a supporter of the classical theory of art, with whom he talked a lot and often.
Portrait of Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov. Artist I. Kramskoy, 1875
Griboedov left the university in 1812, at the height of the Patriotic War; he immediately decided to volunteer for military service, but he did not manage to participate in hostilities; his regiment spent more than three years in Belarus, moving from one place to another. Subsequently, Griboedov bitterly recalled these years military service conducted by him for the most part in card game, in revelry and entertainment, distracting him from any cultural work. Cheerful, passionate, passionate Griboyedov, then still very young, was easily carried away by the example of the officer environment surrounding him, often becoming the center of various pranks and antics. They say, for example, that one day he rode a horse to a ball of a wealthy Belarusian landowner on a bet.
In 1816, Griboyedov retired and decided to serve in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. Living in St. Petersburg, he was fond of the theater and met the writers Shakhovsky, Khmelnitsky, Katenin, whose works were then staged on stage. Through Shakhovsky, Griboyedov met the members of the literary society "Conversation of lovers of the Russian word" and wholeheartedly joined the classical movement. (See Stages of Griboedov's work.) In his first comedy - "Student" - Griboyedov ridicules, offends Zhukovsky and even, oddly enough, Batyushkov. But in the same comedy, the issue of serfdom is also quite seriously touched upon, the plight of a serf, from whom the master demands an unbearable dues, is depicted.
Together with Shakhovsky and Khmelnitsky, Griboyedov wrote a very funny comedy, "His Family, or a Married Bride", which is still sometimes put on stage; this comedy is always a success thanks to lively, amusing pictures and a very light language.
One of Griboedov's plays, "The Young Spouses" (an alteration from French), was staged as early as 1815.
In 1819, Griboyedov was appointed secretary at the Russian embassy in Persia, and had to go to the Persian city of Tabriz. He wanted to devote himself entirely to literature, but his mother demanded that he serve. His official activity Griboedov gave himself with all his heart and soon drew attention to himself with his outstanding diplomatic skills. Despite the service, Griboedov found time for serious studies. In Tabriz, which he wittily called his "diplomatic monastery", he seriously studied the Persian and Arabic languages, Persian literature, and history. There he worked on his famous comedy "Woe from Wit", which he conceived almost from the age of fifteen. In Tabriz, the 1st and 2nd acts were completed.
Woe from the mind. Performance by the Maly Theatre, 1977
Griboedov traveled from Tabriz to Tiflis (Tbilisi) several times on business. The famous general A.P. Ermolov, commander in chief in the Caucasus, drew attention to the brilliant abilities young man, and, at his request, Griboyedov was appointed to him as a secretary for foreign affairs. He remained in Tiflis until 1823. Despite the success in the service and Yermolov's cordial attitude, Griboyedov was irresistibly drawn to Russia. Finally, he received leave and spent about a year either in Moscow, or in St. Petersburg, or at the estate of his friend Begichev in the Tula province.
Arriving in Moscow after a long absence, having plunged, like his hero Chatsky, into the whirlpool of Moscow society, Griboedov, under a fresh impression, finished Woe from Wit at the Begichev estate.
Rarely what literary work, without being printed, spread and became known with such speed as "Woe from Wit." Friends copied it and passed the manuscripts to each other. Many memorized passages and whole scenes of comedy. "Woe from Wit" immediately aroused stormy delight in society - and the same stormy indignation; all those who felt hurt, ridiculed in the comedy were indignant. Griboyedov's enemies shouted that his comedy was an evil libel against Moscow; they did everything they could to prevent the publication of Woe from Wit, to prevent it from being staged. Indeed, “Woe from Wit” was published only after Griboyedov’s death, and he saw the production of his really wonderful comedy only once in an amateur performance by officers in Erivan (Yerevan), in 1827.
Despite Griboyedov's ardent desire to resign, he had to, at the insistence of his mother, return to serve in the Caucasus again.
After the accession to the throne of Tsar Nicholas I in 1826, Griboedov was unexpectedly arrested and brought to St. Petersburg; he was accused of participating in conspiracy of the Decembrists, but very soon justified himself and was released. It has not yet been established whether he was really a member of the Northern Society. In Woe from Wit, Griboyedov expressed his negative attitude towards secret societies (Repetilov); but it is known that he really was close and corresponded with some of the Decembrists (Küchelbeker, Bestuzhev, Prince Odoevsky), poets and writers.
In 1826-27, Griboyedov took an active part in the war against Persia, served under General Paskevich, who replaced Yermolov in the Caucasus. Many times Griboyedov showed brilliant courage and self-control in the war. The conclusion of the Turkmanchay peace treaty, according to which Russia received the Erivan region and a large indemnity, was the work of Griboedov, who led diplomatic negotiations. Paskevich, appreciating his merits, wanted him to personally report to the Sovereign about the peace concluded. Nicholas I received him very graciously, rewarded him and soon appointed him envoy to Persia.
Griboyedov's diplomatic career was brilliant; he was only 33 years old when he was appointed to the responsible post of envoy. But this honor and distinction did not please him. Never before had it been so hard for him to leave Russia. Heavy, vague forebodings haunted him. Saying goodbye to friends, he felt that he would never see them again.
On the way to Persia, Griboyedov stopped in Tiflis and spent several months there. Griboyedov loved one young girl, Princess Nina Chavchavadze, whom he had previously seen as a girl. Having met Nina again, Griboedov proposed to her and, having received consent, he soon got married. The happiness of the young spouses did not last very long! Griboyedov had to go to Persia, to his destination. He did not want to take his young wife with him, since the atmosphere in Persia after the recent war was very tense; his wife accompanied Griboyedov to Tabriz, from where he went to Tehran alone, hoping to send his wife there after some time. But they were not destined to meet again in this world ...
The Persians were extremely annoyed with Griboyedov, who concluded such a disadvantageous peace for them. There is reason to believe that British diplomacy also supported this irritation of the Persians against Russia. Griboyedov, as the representative of Russia, immediately took a very firm and decisive position; he did everything he could to free many Russian prisoners languishing in Persian captivity, and also took under his protection Christians who were persecuted by the Mohammedans. The irritation of the Persians was kindled by fanatical mullahs. Upon learning that Christians were hiding in the embassy house, fleeing the persecution of the Persians, an excited crowd of people surrounded the embassy, demanding their extradition.
Griboyedov refused to extradite the Christians hiding under his protection. A huge crowd of Persians began to storm the house. Griboyedov himself, with a saber in his hands, became the head of the Cossacks defending the embassy and was killed in this unequal battle - the Persians were ten times more than the Russians, who were all killed by the enraged crowd. From the entire Russian embassy, one person escaped, who told about the firm, courageous behavior of Griboyedov and his heroic death. Only on the third day did the troops come; the rebellion was subdued. A vengeful mob of Persians mutilated Griboedov's body, dragging him through the streets of the city; he was recognized only by the reduced finger of the hand, which had been shot through by a bullet in a duel a few years earlier.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was born on January 4 (15), 1795 (according to other historical sources- 1790) in Moscow, in a family of noble nobles. His father led his family tree from the Polish gentry.
The education of the children was controlled by the mother. She was a proud and swaggering representative of her class, but not devoid of intelligence and practicality. Nastasya Fedorovna understood that in modern times, promotion and occupying a high position in society can give not only the origin and connections, but also the education of a person. Therefore, much attention in the family was paid not only to the upbringing, but also to the education of children. Alexander's teachers were truly enlightened French tutors. Later, professors from the university were invited for lessons. Already in childhood, Griboyedov read a huge number of books.
Since 1803, the boy was assigned to the Moscow Noble University boarding school. In 1806 he entered Moscow University. Before the war of 1812, Griboedov graduated from the verbal and law faculties, education in physics and mathematics did not allow him to finish the war.
Already at the university, Alexander Sergeevich is unanimously recognized by others as one of the most educated people of his time. He perfectly knows all the world classics, reads and speaks fluently several languages. foreign languages, composes music, plays the piano beautifully.
Military service and social life in St. Petersburg
With the outbreak of the war of 1812, Griboedov considers it his duty to enroll in a hussar regiment to defend the fatherland. But while the regiment is being formed, Napoleon is already being thrown back far from Moscow, and soon the army leaves for European territory.
Despite the end of hostilities, Griboedov decides to stay in the army, and their regiment is transferred to the remote places of Belarus. These years practically "fall out" from the writer's life. Later, he will remember them with regret, although he will bring out some of his acquaintances of this time as heroes in his comedy Woe from Wit. Together with his comrades, he participated in the most reckless undertakings, spent time in revelry and games. All the best, instilled in him by university education, seemed to be lost. But after a while, a stormy pastime begins to weigh on Griboedov. First, he joins a circle of officers who, in their spare time from service, write simple poems, then begins to write articles. At this time, he sent to St. Petersburg notes "On the cavalry reserves" and "Description of the holiday in honor of Kologrivov." More and more interested in literature, Griboedov realizes that he can no longer exist in the hussar environment, and in 1815, having visited St. Petersburg, he makes the necessary connections and acquaintances there, preparing his transition to the board of foreign affairs.
In 1816, Alexander Sergeevich retired and moved to St. Petersburg. Here he comes close to the progressive people of his time and immediately accepts their ideas. Among his friends there are many future organizers secret societies. In secular salons, Griboyedov shines with cold wit and even cynicism. He is drawn to the theatrical stage. During this period, he wrote and translated for the theater the comedies The Young Spouses (1815) and His Family or the Married Bride (1817).
In the Collegium of Foreign Affairs, Griboyedov is reputed to be in good standing.
The calmness and regularity of life is disturbed by the participation of the writer in a duel, which ends with the death of one of the duelists. Largely thanks to his mother's connections, Griboyedov was sent away from the capital - as a secretary to the Russian diplomatic mission in Persia.
Service in Persia and the Caucasus
In March 1819, after a deliberately slow journey, Griboyedov finally arrives at his place of service - in Tehran, and then in Tabriz. He gets a lot of new impressions, meets with courtiers and local princes, ordinary people and wandering poets. The service turns out to be simple, and Griboyedov has enough time to study. literary creativity and self-education. He reads a lot, hones his knowledge of Persian and Arabic, with surprise and joy, realizes that the comedy of his "Woe from Wit" is being written here more fruitfully than ever. Soon the first two acts of the final edition of the comedy were ready. During this period, Griboyedov managed to make one really heroic deed. At his own peril and risk, he was able to take out several Russian prisoners from Persia. Griboyedov's desperate courage was noticed by General Yermolov and decided that such a person deserved a better fate than living in Persia. Thanks to the efforts of Yermolov, Alexander Sergeevich was transferred to the Caucasus in Tiflis. Here the first and second acts of "Woe from Wit" were finished.
Return to Petersburg and arrest
In 1823, the writer goes on vacation. In Moscow and the estate of his friends near Tula, he completely completes the main work of his life.
In the autumn of 1824, Griboedov went to St. Petersburg with the hope of publishing and theatrical production of Woe from Wit. But it meets with categorical opposition. With great difficulty, excerpts from the comedy can be printed in the almanac "Russian Thalia". As for handwritten versions, their number approached the book editions. The distribution of the book was also facilitated by the Decembrists, who considered it their "printed manifesto". Innovation and classicism, strict adherence to the rules of comedy construction and free development of characters are intertwined in the work. A significant adornment of "Woe from Wit" is the use of multi-foot iambic, precise and aphoristic language. Many lines of the comedy were "taken apart for quotes" already in the days of handwritten lists.
In the autumn of 1825, Griboyedov was going back to the Caucasus, but he was returned from the road on suspicion of participating in the preparation of the Decembrist uprising. Thanks to Yermolov's warning, Griboyedov managed to destroy compromising materials from his archive. At the time of his arrest, there is no evidence against him. During the investigation, the writer categorically denies his participation in the conspiracy. In June 1826, Griboyedov was released from arrest as completely innocent.
tragic luck
With great reluctance, he is again going to the Caucasus. And maybe the writer would have achieved his resignation and remained in St. Petersburg, doing literary work, but his mother takes an oath from her son to continue diplomatic career.
With the beginning of the Russian-Persian war, Alexander Sergeevich participates in several battles, but with great success acts in the field of diplomacy. He "bargains" for Russia the extremely beneficial Turkmanchay peace treaty and brings documents to St. Petersburg, hoping to stay in the capital. He dreams of continuing to write poetry, finishing the tragedies "Rodamist and Zenobia" and "Georgian Night", the drama "1812" that he had begun.
But it is precisely thanks to the personal contribution of Alexander Sergeevich to the drafting of the articles of such a favorable peace treaty that the tsar decides that Griboedov is most suitable for the post of ambassador to Persia. It is impossible to refuse the highest appointment and the writer is forced to go to Persia again.
tragic ending
With great reluctance, in June 1828, Griboedov left St. Petersburg. With all his might, he delays the arrival at his destination, as if anticipating his fate.
The last "ray of happiness" in his life was the ardent love for the daughter of his friend A.G. Chavchavadze - Nina, whom he married while passing through Tiflis. Leaving his wife in Tabriz, he travels to Tehran to prepare everything for the arrival of his beloved woman.
What happened next is difficult to assess unambiguously. According to most sources, Griboyedov was killed by Muslim fanatics for trying to take Armenian women out of the harem of a noble nobleman and caretaker of the Shah's harem, and the entire Russian mission was destroyed.
According to other sources, Griboyedov and the mission staff behaved disrespectfully towards the shah and the laws of the country, and the rumor about the removal of women from the harem simply became the last straw that overwhelmed the patience of the Persians and forced them to crack down on insolent strangers.
There is a version - that the religious fanatics were skillfully set on the Russian mission by British diplomats.
Whichever of these versions turned out to be true, the result turned out to be sad - the wonderful Russian diplomat, poet and playwright Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov accepted terrible death at the hands of the Muslim fanatics of Persia on January 30 (February 11), 1829.
His body was transported to his homeland and buried in Tiflis (now Tbilisi) in the monastery of St. David.
Interesting facts about Griboyedov:
The writer was fluent in French, English, German, Italian, Greek, Latin, Arabic, Persian and Turkish.
Living in the Caucasus, Griboedov used his position and all his connections to make life easier for the Decembrists exiled here in any way and was able to "pull" some of them out of Siberia.
The writer was a member of the largest Masonic lodge in St. Petersburg.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was born on January 15, 1795 in rich family nobles. A man of exceptional talents, Alexander Griboedov knew how to play the piano brilliantly, composed music himself, and knew more than five foreign languages. The Russian figure graduated from the Moscow University noble boarding school (1803), and then three departments of Moscow University.
Griboyedov served in military service with the rank of cornet from 1812 to 1816, after which he began to realize himself in the journalistic and literary fields. Among his first works are the comedy The Young Spouses, which he translated from French, and Letter from Brest-Litovsk to the Publisher. In 1817, Griboedov joined the United Friends Masonic organization and held the post of provincial secretary for public service. Griboyedov continues to write, the comedy Student and Feigned Infidelity are added to his work. At the same time, the gifted figure met Alexander Pushkin and his entourage.
Griboyedov traveled to Persia twice on behalf of the government - in 1818 and 1820. Service in the east weighed heavily on him, and Griboedov moved to Georgia. During this period, work begins on the most famous work - "Woe from Wit".
In 1826, the Russian writer was accused of belonging to the Decembrists. Griboyedov stayed under investigation for about 6 months. But it was not possible to prove his involvement in the conspiracy, and Griboyedov received his freedom.
In 1828, he marries Nina Chavchavadze, but their marriage was short-lived: Alexander Sergeevich was killed by a rebellious crowd on January 30, 1829, during the visit of the Russian embassy to Tehran.
Biography 2
The great writer, competent diplomat, musician and composer is not full list merits of Alexander Griboyedov. An inquisitive boy of noble origin. The best scientists of that time were engaged in his upbringing and training.
Sasha's abilities knew no bounds, he easily mastered six foreign languages. Played since childhood musical instruments, wrote poetry.
He really wanted to prove himself in combat conditions, and he enrolled in a regiment of hussars, but the war with Napoleon had already begun to end, much to the chagrin of Alexander. So he did not manage to participate in hostilities.
Mother, Anastasia Fedorovna, saw her son as an official, but Griboedov did not want to serve at all, it seemed to him a boring thing. At this time, he became interested in theater and literature, writing comedies. Young and hot, he soon gets into an unpleasant story, becomes a second. Duels at that time were not only forbidden, for participation in them one could go to prison. Anastasia Fedorovna did a lot to save her son from imprisonment. And he had to leave Russia and go to Persia.
Being in foreign lands, Alexander was very bored. After some time, he achieves a transfer to Georgia. Here he begins to write his famous comedy. At the same time, he writes poetry, plays and continues to make music.
Alexander Griboyedov was not only familiar with Ivan Krylov, he read Woe from Wit to him. The great fabulist liked the work, but he said with regret that the censors would not let him through. This turned out to be true. Moreover, the play was not only forbidden to be staged in the theater. But also print. It had to be secretly copied.
Soon Alexander returned to the Caucasus, where he continued to serve in Yermolov's headquarters. At this time there was an uprising of the Decembrists. Griboyedov falls under suspicion and is arrested.
Before in last time to go on a diplomatic mission to the capital of Iran, Alexander got married. The happiness of the young did not last long, only a few weeks. Going to once more on a business trip, no one could have thought that it would be the last.
It took half a century for people to start talking about Griboyedov and his role as a writer's diplomat and just a human being.
Option 3
A.S. Griboyedov is an outstanding Russian playwright, poet, composer and pianist. He was considered one of the smartest and most educated people of his time. He did a lot of useful things for Russia in the diplomatic field.
He was born in 1795. He was a representative of an old wealthy family. Mother, a sharp and domineering woman, loved her son very much. He answered her the same. However, conflicts often arose between them.
Alexander's ability to learn manifested itself in childhood. Already at the age of six, he could freely communicate in 3 foreign languages, and to adolescence mastered 6 languages. At first he received an excellent home education under the guidance of experienced tutors, then he was enrolled in the Moscow University boarding school. Further, after graduating from the verbal department of the philosophical faculty of Moscow University, at the age of thirteen he received a Ph.D. Then he continued his studies at the Faculty of Law, after which he received a PhD in law at the age of 15.
Interested in mathematics and natural sciences, he not only diligently attended lectures, but also took private lessons from some scientists, because he wanted to get a doctorate in science. He also managed to engage in literary work, but, unfortunately, his early works have not been preserved.
In 1812 due to start Patriotic War Griboedov leaves his studies, studies in literature and, under the influence of patriotic ideas, enrolls in the hussars. But he did not have a chance to fight, since his regiment was sent to the rear. Soon Alexander was appointed adjutant to the commander and transferred to Brest-Litovsk.
In 1814 published his articles for the first time. Starts writing for the theatre. In 1815 resigns, and after 2 years enters civil service to the College of Foreign Affairs.
Living in St. Petersburg, Griboyedov takes an active part in the activities of the literary and theatrical circle. Writes and publishes several comedies.
In 1818 receives an appointment as secretary of the Russian mission in Iran. Maintains travel notes. In Tiflis, he shoots with A.I. Yakubovich. After this duel, he forever left a mutilated finger on his left hand.
In Iran, he is busy with the release of captured Russian soldiers and personally accompanies their detachment to their homeland. In 1820 begins work on the play "Woe from Wit".
Since 1822 to 1823 serves under General Yermolov. He writes musical vaudeville, which premiered in 1824. Leaves the service. He is busy with printing and staging Woe from Wit on stage, but to no avail.
In 1825 returns to service. In 1826 was arrested in the Caucasus. He was accused of having links with the Decembrists, but no evidence was found, so he was released.
In 1828 Griboyedov married, and in 1829. was killed by religious fanatics in Tehran.
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Years of life of Alexander Griboyedov:
born January 4, 1795, died January 30, 1829
Epitaph
“Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory, but why did my love survive you?”
The inscription made by the wife of A. Griboyedov on his tombstone
Biography
Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov left a mark in Russian literature as the author of one work - the famous play "Woe from Wit". Everything he wrote before this thing was still youthfully immature, and the author did not have time to finish what he wrote after. Meanwhile, Griboedov was a man of brilliant mind and versatile talents: he composed music, played the piano beautifully, wrote critical articles and essays, and advanced in the diplomatic service. Perhaps, if his life had not ended so tragically, today Griboyedov's descendants would have inherited a much more extensive legacy.
Griboedov was born in Moscow, into a wealthy family, and from childhood he was distinguished by a lively and sharp mind and learning abilities. At the age of 6, Griboyedov was fluent in three foreign languages, and later learned three more.
After graduating from the university, Griboedov gave some time to military service, but soon left it for the sake of writing exercises, metropolitan life and, subsequently, a diplomatic career. Griboedov was sent to the east, then to the Caucasus, learned four more languages and continued to work on translations, poems and things in prose.
There, in Tiflis, Griboyedov married a beautiful and noble girl, Princess Nina Chavchavadze. Alas, the young managed to live together for only a few months.
Griboedov's death in the prime of his life was sudden and tragic. A mob of religious fanatics destroyed the Russian embassy in Tehran and killed everyone who was there. Griboyedov's body was so mutilated that he could only be identified by the trace of a duel wound on his arm.
Griboyedov was buried in Tiflis, near the Church of St. David on the slope of Mount Mtatsminda. On the centenary of his death in 1929, a pantheon was opened at the burial site of the playwright and his wife, where the remains of many prominent public figures Georgia.
life line
January 4, 1795 Date of birth of Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov.
1803 Admission to the Moscow University noble boarding school.
1805 Work on the first poems.
1806 Admission to the verbal department of Moscow University.
1808 Obtaining the title of candidate of verbal sciences, continuing education in the moral and political, and then in the physics and mathematics departments.
1812 Entry into the Volunteer Moscow Hussar Regiment of Count Saltykov.
1814 The first literary experiences (articles, essays, translations) while serving as a cornet.
1815 Moving to Petersburg. Publication of the comedy "The Young Spouses".
1816 Retirement from military service. Entry into the Masonic lodge. The appearance of the idea of comedy in the verses "Woe from Wit".
1817 Entering the diplomatic service (provincial secretary, later - translator of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs).
1818 Appointment to the position of secretary in Tehran (in Persia).
1821 Transfer to Georgia.
1822 Appointment to the post of secretary under General Yermolov, commander of the Russian army in Tiflis.
1823 Return to the homeland, life in St. Petersburg and Moscow.
1824 Completion of the comedy "Woe from Wit".
1825 Return to the Caucasus.
1826 Arrest on suspicion of belonging to the Decembrists, investigation in St. Petersburg, release and return to Tiflis.
1828 Appointment as resident minister in Iran, marriage to Princess Nina Chavchavadze.
January 30, 1829 Date of death of Alexander Griboyedov.
June 18, 1829 The funeral of Griboyedov in Tiflis, near the church of St. David.
Memorable places
1. House number 17 on Novinsky Boulevard in Moscow, where Griboyedov was born and raised (a replica of the original building).
2. Moscow University, where Griboyedov studied.
3. House No. 104 (Valkha apartment building) on nab. Griboyedov Canal (formerly the Catherine Canal) in St. Petersburg, where the playwright lived in 1816-1818.
4. House number 25 on Kirov Ave. (former hotel "Afinskaya") in Simferopol, where Griboedov lived in 1825.
5. House number 22 on the street. Chubinashvili in Tbilisi (formerly Tiflis), now the house-museum of Ilya Chavchavadze, where the wedding of his granddaughter Nina and Griboyedov took place.
6. Pantheon Mtatsminda in Tbilisi, where Griboyedov is buried.
Episodes of life
In 1817, the famous quadruple duel took place with the participation of Griboyedov, the cause of which was the famous ballerina Istomina. Griboyedov and his opponent Yakubovich fired a year later than the first pair of duelists, and in this duel Griboedov was wounded in the arm.
The famous E-minor waltz written by Griboedov is considered the first Russian waltz whose score has survived to this day.
By the time of her wedding with Griboyedov, Nina Chavchavadze was only 15 years old, but after the death of her husband, she remained faithful to him and mourned for him until her own death at the age of 45, rejecting all courtship. Loyalty to her deceased husband earned his widow respect and fame among the people of Tiflis.
Testaments
"Blessed is he who believes, he is warm in the world."
"Happy hours are not observed."
"The pleasure of life is not the goal,
Our life is not a consolation."
Two waltzes by A. Griboyedov
condolences
“I never happened in my life to see in any nation a person who would so ardently, so passionately love his fatherland, as Griboyedov loved Russia.”
Faddey Bulgarin, writer and critic
“The blood of the heart always played on his face. No one will boast of his flattery; no one dares to say that he heard a lie from him. He could deceive himself, but never deceive.
Alexander Bestuzhev, writer and critic
“There is something wild in Griboedov, de farouche, de sauvage, in self-esteem: it rears up at the slightest irritation, but he is smart, fiery, it is always fun to be with him”
Pyotr Vyazemsky, poet and critic