State Institute of Information Technologies. International rankings of Russian IT universities
IT specialist is one of the most demanded professions of our time. What do you need to know and be able to master this profession? Where can you get this job? What "inconveniences" do IT professionals face? Let's try to figure this out.
In the twenty-first century, information is everything, and almost no industry can work without the use of information technology. Hence, there is constantly a high demand, both for the development and implementation of special programs for existing and newly opened enterprises, and for specialists in this field.
That is why an IT specialist is one of the most sought-after professions of our time. What do you need to know and be able to master this profession? Where can you get this job? What "disadvantages" do they face? IT professionals? Let's try to figure this out.
Who is an IT specialist?
Scientists began to develop information technologies in the middle of the twentieth century, when there was a need to automate the processing, systematization and storage of information, since classical sources (libraries, periodicals) no longer fully coped with this task.
By the way, at present, librarianship is also not complete without the use of technical support: expanding network electronic libraries, ancient manuscripts and archives are entered into electronic file cabinets and duplicated in digital form. This makes rare editions more accessible to the general public, while access to original sources remains very limited.
The first computers (electronic computers), which appeared in the late sixties of the last century, have already sunk into the past. This technique recorded information on punched tapes, long strips of paper with a dotted pattern. But such information also had to be stored somehow. From the beginning of the 60s, mankind began to actively use magnetic recordings, cellular communications, and by the end of the 90s, hard drives, writing information in the language of numbers. Information processing required people who can create commands (programs) for machines, as well as specialists who create artificial intelligence.
Thus, a whole family of professions appeared that are united by one name: programmer, system analyst, system architect, system administrator, information systems specialist, information security specialist, PC operator, information technology manager, database administrator, Web master, etc. .d.
Today, information technologies are widely used for communication, in the field of management, banking, on their basis, developed and implemented educational programs, exploration and resource extraction, high tech needed in modern industry, medicine, security. The areas of application of information technologies in various industries are gradually expanding, and this directly indicates a constant and increasing need for the services of IT specialists, which means we can safely say that this profession of the future.
What personal qualities should an IT specialist have?
To become a sought-after IT specialist, you must first of all have a high a basic level of training in such disciplines as mathematics and English. This requirement is due to the fact that computer programs are written in the language of numbers, while they are created using international language, English.
Also, the future IT-specialist must:
- have a good memory;
- be able to find a logical relationship;
- to show non-standard approaches to solving various problems;
- be diligent and attentive;
- have a tendency to self-organization;
- be able to work in a team;
- take the initiative.
We emphasize that the listed requirements are only the "Minimum" program.
To realize yourself in one of the profile areas of information technology, are often required and certain Creative skills: artistic taste, creativity, dedication to the field of activity for which the program is being developed.
Benefits of being an IT specialist
It is believed that every job should have at least three advantages, which are the incentive to do it. The profession of an IT specialist has the following advantages:
- Each person strives to keep up with the times, engaging in self-development, raising education, expanding horizons. But for this, most often, it is required to specially allocate free time from work. An IT specialist has the opportunity to improve his intellectual level on the job, since this is also his direct responsibility.
- Since labor activities of an IT specialist is intellectual, then, thanks to the same technologies, he can carry it out while on long distance from the immediate place of work (that is, remotely).
- It is impossible not to note the demand for the profession and enough high level salaries (both in private business and in state system). According to statistics, this profession is marked by an annual increase wages by 10-16%, which is often paid in dollar terms.
In addition, the still ongoing shortage of personnel in the field of IT technologies makes it easy to solve employment issues, while it is very difficult for specialists in other professions to find vacancies. This trend will continue for a long time, because the training of specialists in the field of technology support is still far behind the growing demand for their services.
Disadvantages of the profession of an IT specialist
It's no secret that even the smartest machines sometimes fail and require the intervention of a person who is able to get them working - an IT specialist. Well, since the machines have not yet learned to determine whether it is working time or a day off, they break down at any time of the day. And this means that such a profession is most often associated with an irregular work schedule, which, of course, often violates personal plans.
To Disadvantages of the profession of an IT specialist can also be attributed to constant and high mental stress, which adversely affects emotional state and normal functions nervous system. Therefore, choosing a profession, a person should be able to properly organize the regime of work and rest, despite the irregular schedule.
Do not forget about negative impact professional activity on health: constant and very high visual loads require careful attention to the organs of vision, and a "sedentary" lifestyle often leads to problems with excess weight and the musculoskeletal system.
By the way, if you have a good basic level in mathematics and English language, then before passing the entrance exams to the university, it would be nice to be trained in special courses: icnd1 or Cisco. Such preliminary preparation will help you successfully pass the entrance exams, practice and get an initial idea of \u200b\u200bfuture work.
” presented a rating of Russian universities that train specialists for the software industry. The rating was first compiled in 2014 based on a survey of Russian developers software for 4 years (from 2011 to 2014).
Universities are ranked by the number of mentions by software companies of specific universities as sources of replenishment of their staff with new personnel. When conducting a survey as part of the annual Russoft survey, respondents answered a question about universities whose graduates are in the greatest demand among IT enterprises in the region. Since large companies have development centers in different cities, they named universities not only in the city where the head office is located (usually Moscow or St. Petersburg), but also universities in other cities.
According to the rating methodology, one company can take part in the rating with only one vote, regardless of its staff. It makes no sense to give more votes to large companies, because in this case only universities in Moscow, where largest companies Russia. Then the universities of St. Petersburg will follow, and so on, depending on how Big City presented in the survey and how many companies participated from it. The rating thus obtained will reflect the real state of affairs even less. The use of the technique of one vote from one company is also not ideal, but still allows us to consider the existing ranking as quite objective, albeit with some reservations.
Even greater confidence in objectivity appears if we compare the universities of the same city, if it is represented in the survey by at least 10 companies. Such cities include Moscow, Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Chelyabinsk.
Since the study annually covered more than 130 companies (in 2017 - 152), and every year the composition of participants changed by 70-80%, the final rating for 4 years reflects the opinion of more than 300 employers representing the software industry in Russia.
In total, 119 Russian universities have been mentioned as the best over the past 7 years, but most of them have no more than one vote. If a university has two votes over several years, it is also difficult to draw any conclusions about the quality of training of students at a particular university, but we still decided in new version rating to take into account universities that have received at least 2 ratings from employers. This is done so that universities that are not among the leaders are visible and have an incentive to move up. As a result, the full 2017 ranking consists of 51 universities, and not 19, as in its previous version.
| Place in 2017 | Place in 2014 | The name of the university | Number of mentions in 2014-2017 | league |
| 1 | 2 | Moscow State Technical University named after Bauman | 72 | League A |
| 2 | 1 | St. Petersburg National research university Information Technology, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) | 69 | |
| 3 | 5 | St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University | 66 | |
| 4 | 4 | Moscow State University | 64 | |
| 5 | 3 | Saint Petersburg State University | 63 | |
| 6 | 6 | Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology | 41 | League B |
| 7 | 7 | St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University | 37 | |
| 8 | 8-9 | Novosibirsk State University | 31 | |
| 9 | 8-9 | Moscow Engineering Physics Institute | 27 | |
| 10 | 10 | Novosibirsk State Technical University | 22 | |
| 11 | 11 | South Federal University | 20 | |
| 12 | >19 | Tomsk Polytechnic University | 15 | League C |
| 13 | 12 | St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation | 14 | |
| 14 | >19 | Tomsk State University | 14 | |
| 15-16 | 15-19 | Izhevsk State Technical University | 12 | |
| 15-16 | >19 | Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics | 12 | |
| 17 | >19 | Penza State University | 9 | League D |
| 18-20 | 13-14 | Voronezh State University | 7 | |
| 18-20 | >19 | South Ural State University | 7 | |
| 18-20 | >19 | Chelyabinsk State University | 7 | |
| 21-24 | 15-19 | National Research University of Technology(Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys) | 6 | |
| 21-24 | 15-19 | Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin | 6 | |
| 21-24 | 15-19 | Belgorod State University | 6 | |
| 21-24 | >19 | Ulyanovsk State Technical University | 6 | |
| 25-27 | 13-14 | Omsk State Technical University | 5 | |
| 25-27 | >19 | Don State Technical University | 5 | |
| 25-27 | >19 | High School of Economics | 5 | |
| 28-33 | 15-19 | Moscow state institute international relations | 4 | League E |
| 28-33 | >19 | Samara State Aerospace University (Kuibyshev Aviation Institute) | 4 | |
| 28-33 | >19 | Kazansky (Privolzhsky) Federal University | 4 | |
| 28-33 | >19 | Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU) | 4 | |
| 28-33 | >19 | Nizhny Novgorod State University N.I. Lobachevsky (NNGU) | 4 | |
| 28-33 | >19 | St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications. prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich | 4 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Udmurt State University | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Moscow State Construction University | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Moscow Power Engineering Institute | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Volga State Technological University (Yoshkar-Ola) | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Ryazan State Radio Engineering University | 3 | |
| 34-41 | >19 | Belgorod State Technological University. V. G. Shukhova | 3 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Ulyanovsk State University | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Altai State Technical University | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Baltic State Technical University "Voenmeh" | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Vladimir State University | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | St. Petersburg State University of Communications | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Omsk State University named after F.M. Dostoevsky | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Vyatka State University | 2 | |
| 42-51 | >19 | Vologda State University | 2 |
Leaders and significant permutations
At the very top of the ranking, there was a reshuffle: Bauman Moscow State Technical University moved up from second to first place, displacing St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) to a position lower. However, the difference between them is insignificant and is within the margin of error.
There is a significant gap only between the universities, which occupy the 5th and 6th places, respectively. Therefore, we can quite confidently talk about the top five universities, which are approximately on the same level (in the previous version of the ranking, the first 7 universities could be distinguished in this way).
In the top five, we can note the transition from 5th to 3rd place of the St. Petersburg State polytechnic university, which is hardly accidental. This university demonstrates its development in various areas, which should also affect the quality of training for high-tech industries.
From 6th to 11th place, universities are located in pairs, judging by the proximity of the indicator of the frequency of mention by employers. Compared to the previous version of the rating, they all retained their positions.
It is worth noting the appearance in the second twenty of three universities of Tomsk (they have a slight difference in the number of references, and therefore they can be attributed to the same category), Penza and Chelyabinsk State Universities, as well as South Ural state university(Chelyabinsk). This rise is associated with a more active participation in the 2017 survey of companies from Tomsk, Chelyabinsk and Penza. If they were also active in the previous three years, their positions could be even higher. We can say that the universities of these cities have now occupied approximately the places they deserve, because there are at least 100 software companies operating in Tomsk and Chelyabinsk (there are slightly fewer in Penza - 30-40).
It is known that there are also many software development companies in Tatarstan. However, we have not yet been able to fully cover the companies of this republic with our annual survey, although there have been attempts to involve local development institutions in the study. Due to the low representation of the republic's companies, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University occupies the highest positions in the ranking (28-33rd place) among Kazan universities. Most likely, the position of universities in the capital of Tatarstan should be higher.
It should be noted that not so many software companies are concentrated in some regions, which does not allow local universities to gain a sufficient number of rating points. However, the quality of education in them is at a fairly high level.
Also, some universities can train highly qualified specialists, but are significantly inferior to competitors in terms of the number of graduates going to work in software companies in the region, since their graduates go to other sectors of the Russian economy. It is known that software companies account for 25-30% of all working programmers, and the rest work in other IT companies or in IT departments. various enterprises, organizations and state structures. Thus, the demand for graduates of a particular university by software companies does not always 100% reflect the quality of their training, although the presence in a city of a mass of competent specialists with a good university education implies that there should be successful software companies in this city.
2013: Plans of creation of the Centers of breakthrough IT researches in Russia
Government initiative
In May 2013, during the expanded board of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, the head of the department Nikolay Nikiforov reported that, based on existing Russian universities and research institutes it is planned to create up to 50 centers of breakthrough research in the field of information technology.
The amount of necessary funding for the centers of power was estimated at up to 4 billion rubles. for five years, and it was proposed to implement it by allocating a separate block in the direction of IT in the federal target program "Personnel", designed for 2014-2020.
Based on a number of studies, an international rating was compiled best universities Russia, graduating IT specialists (specialists in information technology).
Part 1. International rankings
Information Technology(IT, also - information and communication technologies - processes, methods for searching, collecting, storing, processing, providing, distributing information and methods for implementing such processes and methods, techniques, methods and methods for using computer equipment when performing the functions of collecting, storing, processing , transmission and use of data, the resources needed to collect, process, store and disseminate information.
Specialists in the field information systems and technologies are often referred to as IT or IT specialists.
The IT industry is an extremely dynamic field of activity modern society. Digital technologies affect all aspects of human life. The dynamics of the development of the IT industry is so fast that it is extremely difficult for universities to train a modern highly qualified specialist.
Entire areas of IT can become obsolete even while studying at a university. Under these conditions, the training of highly qualified personnel is an important and urgent issue both for the IT industry in particular and for all of humanity as a whole.
This study was conducted in order to assess the demand for graduates from various universities and determine the quality of education in Russian universities that train specialists in the field of « Information Technology» .
The study contains an overview various issues functioning of the Russian higher vocational education in the field of IT, the main trends, analyzes the various rankings of universities that produce IT specialists.
The assessment was based on quantitative analysis open resume database data Russian company online recruitment headhunter. The study examined more than 17,000 resumes of university graduates from 2006 to 2017.
The main criteria were:
- salary expectations from 100,000 rubles. up to 500,000 rubles
- Experience from 1 year;
- professional field - information technology;
- research geography - Russia.
As a result of the analysis, ratings were compiled:
- universities whose graduates earn more;
- cities with the highest demand and supply in the IT job market;
- salary expectations of IT professionals.
Dynamics of Russian IT education
After the decline in demand for IT specialists observed during the financial crisis, the demand for these professions began to increase. So, starting from 2016, a clear positive trend in the growth of the number of vacancies can be seen on the market. average salary increased by 8% in 2016.
The sphere of information technology remains the second in demand after sales. The salaries of IT specialists for 2017 grew by about 10%, and in some, especially scarce areas, the growth was up to 25% or more.
It is expected that in 2018 the growth in demand for IT specialists will continue.
The IT sector is characterized by a rapid change in the technologies, solutions and products used. In turn, the emergence of new technologies entails a sharp surge in the need for relevant specialists.
So, in 2016-2017, the widespread use of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies caused a natural increase in demand for specialists in this field. The situation is such that, for example, a payroll accountant now and 10 years ago is the same person who has only slightly changed tools, and in the IT field 5 years ago some vacancies did not exist, while others - on the contrary - ceased to be relevant to 2018.
Do not lag behind Russian universities and universities in our former Soviet republics. Especially strong positions occupied by the Ukrainian IT School, among which stands out Kharkov National University radio electronics, which produces highly qualified specialists in the IT field ().
Educational programs of classical universities hardly have time to adapt to such rapid changes in the market. However, the situation is not so dire. Compared with the late 90s and early 2000s, when mass computerization took place, and there was practically no quality education in the field of IT, now the situation has improved significantly.
So, in 2015, changes were made to Labor Code Russian Federation, according to which professional standards began to operate in state-owned companies that regulate the level of education of an employee.
This means that a lawyer or a chemical engineer by education will not get a position as a software engineer in a state-owned company, even if his experience in programming is significant.
Moreover, to date, Russian universities have significantly improved the quality of education. 8 Russian universities at once entered the international subject ranking in 2017 QS Computer Science & Information Systems.
Moreover, Moscow State University. Lomonosov entered the top 100 world universities in this area, taking 48th place. Also, the authoritative world ranking The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2018 in the direction of Computer Science contains a large number of Russian universities.
Russian Universities in the World Subject Rankings of Universities, 2017 - 2018
Place in the ranking according to "QS Computer Science & Information Systems 2017"
- 401–450 Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University
Place in the ranking according to the version " THE Computer Science 2018"
- 194 Lomonosov Moscow State University
- 251–300 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
- 301–350 Tomsk Polytechnic University
- 351–400 Higher School of Economics
- 401–500 Kazan Federal University
- 401–500 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
- 401–500 Novosibirsk State University
- 401–500 Saint Petersburg State University
- 501–600 ITMO University
- 501–600 Tomsk State University
Russian programmers, and last years and "Russian hackers" - a global brand. For the last six years, the ACM ICPC Command Programming Champions Cup has traveled to St. Petersburg, either to ITMO University or to St. Petersburg State University.
It should be noted that the Russian scientific and educational community is already considering various options IT professions of the future. Thus, the study "Atlas of new professions" gives a long-term forecast of demanded professions in the field of information technology.
IT is one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy. The changes taking place in it open up new and, at first glance, fantastic opportunities in other areas - for example, in design, transportation, people and resource management, marketing and education.
It is worth noting that since the publication of the study in 2015, some of the professions described in it are already found in business practice. Among such professions are IT auditor, interface designer, Big Data developer.
Forecast of new IT specialties that will appear in the near future
- Information Security Curator