Organization of the Collective Security Treaty. Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) Who wrote about the CSTO in a year

MEDIA RELEASE

The anniversary of the Victory has become the main political background in the work of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) in the past year. The presidents of the allied states took part in the parade and held an informal meeting "on the sidelines" of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic war May 9 in Moscow, thereby emphasizing that the Victory over fascism is a common conquest of the peoples former USSR. At a meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers (CMFA) of the CSTO on April 2 this year. adopted a joint statement "On the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War", which became the basis for common action on international platforms, incl. at the UN and the OSCE. All member states - Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Russia - hosted historical, cultural and military-patriotic events dedicated to the Victory Anniversary.

Work continued to strengthen the military CSTO potential in the conditions of growing instability and complications of the military-political situation in the world. The main efforts were focused on the formation of the CSTO Troops (Collective Forces), the traditional military exercises "Interaction - 2015", as well as the exercises of the CSTO Peacekeeping Forces on the territory of the Republic of Armenia "Indestructible Brotherhood - 2015" were held. A qualitatively new moment was a sudden check of the readiness of the military contingents of the CSTO Collective Rapid Response Force (CSTO CRRF) in May this year, during which the military contingents of all member states were transferred to the Republic of Tajikistan to perform combat training tasks near the Tajik-Afghan border .

The military-economic and military-technical cooperation of the Member States was strengthened, incl. the Program of Military-Economic Cooperation until 2017 and beyond was agreed upon.

In connection with the aggravation of the terrorist threat, the fight against international terrorism and extremism came to the fore in activities of the CSTO. At a meeting of the CSC CSTO in Moscow on December 21 this year. The presidents adopted a joint Statement on Combating International Terrorism, in which they spoke in favor of creating a broad international coalition to combat ISIS and other terrorist organizations.

Substantive work aimed at stopping the threats of terrorism and extremism, drug trafficking, illegal migration was undertaken through the Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils. In particular, measures were considered to counter the recruitment and departure of citizens of the CSTO member states to participate in armed conflicts on the side of international terrorist organizations, as well as their subsequent return to prevent terrorist activities.

In 2015, the anti-drug operation "Channel", the operation to combat illegal migration "Illegal-2015", as well as the operation to combat crimes in the information sphere "PROXY" were carried out. Work continued aimed at the formation and development of a system of joint training of personnel for law enforcement, fire fighting and emergency rescue agencies of the CSTO member states.

In order to improve the coordination of work Russian ministries and departments by Order of the President of Russia in August this year. an interdepartmental working group participation Russian Federation in the CSTO.

At the session of the CSC CSTO in December this year. in Moscow, the heads of state separately considered the issue of reforming the Secretariat and the Joint Staff of the CSTO. It was decided to rotate officials of the permanent working bodies of the CSTO. During 2016, additional reform proposals will be prepared, primarily affecting the activities of the military component of the CSTO. N.N.Bordyuzha was extended as the Secretary General of the Organization until December 31, 2016.

The foreign policy coordination of the CSTO member states also had a significant increase this year. There were three meetings of the Council of Foreign Ministers, two working meetings at the ministerial level - "on the sidelines" of the 70th session of the UN General Assembly and the OSCE Ministerial Council in Belgrade. Coordination meetings of permanent representatives to international organizations, ambassadors of member states in third countries, consultations of delegations at international forums have become regular. In 2015, eight joint statements were made, as well as several joint performances at various international venues.

Organization of the collective security(CSTO) is a military-political union created by former Soviet republics on the basis of the Collective Security Treaty (CST), signed on May 15, 1992. The contract is renewed automatically every five years.

CSTO members

On May 15, 1992, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed a Collective Security Treaty (CST) in Tashkent. Azerbaijan signed the agreement on September 24, 1993, Georgia on September 9, 1993, Belarus on December 31, 1993.

The treaty entered into force on April 20, 1994. The contract was for 5 years and could be extended. On April 2, 1999, the presidents of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan signed a protocol on the extension of the agreement for the next five-year period, but Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan refused to extend the agreement, in the same year Uzbekistan joined GUUAM.

At the Moscow session of the Collective Security Treaty on May 14, 2002, a decision was made to transform the Collective Security Treaty Organization into a full-fledged international organization - the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). October 7, 2002 in Chisinau signed the Charter and the Agreement on legal status CSTO, which were ratified by all CSTO member states and entered into force on September 18, 2003.

On August 16, 2006, a decision was signed in Sochi on the full accession (restoration of membership) of Uzbekistan to the CSTO.

Russia in Lately connects great expectations with this organization, hoping with its help to strengthen their strategic positions in Central Asia. Russia considers this region a zone of its own strategic interests.

At the same time, the US Manas air base is located here on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, and Kyrgyzstan does not intend to do anything to close it. In early 2006, Tajikistan agreed to a significant increase in the French military group located on its territory, operating as part of the coalition forces in Afghanistan.

To strengthen positions CSTO Russia proposes to reform the collective rapid deployment forces of the Central Asian region. These forces consist of ten battalions: three each from Russia and Tajikistan, two each from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Total population personnel of the collective forces - about 4 thousand people. The aviation component (10 planes and 14 helicopters) is located at the Russian Kant airbase in Kyrgyzstan.

A proposal is being considered to expand the scope of activities of the collective forces - in particular, their use in Afghanistan is expected.

In connection with Uzbekistan's entry into the CSTO, it is noted that back in 2005, the Uzbek authorities came up with a project to create international "anti-revolutionary" punitive forces in the post-Soviet space within the framework of the CSTO. In preparation for joining this organization, Uzbekistan prepared a package of proposals for its improvement, including the creation of intelligence and counterintelligence structures within its framework, as well as the development of mechanisms that would allow the CSTO to give guarantees of internal security to the Central Asian states.

Leads the organization general secretary. Since 2003, this is Nikolai Bordyuzha. As is customary now, he comes from the "organs", Colonel General of the border troops. For the last couple of years before the collapse of the USSR, he worked as the head of the personnel department of the KGB. After 1991, he commanded the border troops, for a short time he was the head of the presidential administration under Boris Yeltsin, and the secretary of the Security Council. In short, an experienced friend.

All members of the G7, with the possible exception of Kazakhstan, are in strong political, economic and military dependence on Moscow and need its diplomatic cover.

- Tasks of the CSTO are directly interconnected with the integration processes in the post-Soviet space, and this relationship is growing stronger. The advancement of military-political integration in the CSTO format contributes to the deployment of integration processes, actually forms an "integration core" in the CIS, and contributes to an optimal "division of labor" in the Commonwealth. As for the place and role of the CSTO in Eurasian Union, if one is formed, then they can be very significant, since the Organization's area of responsibility covers vast expanses of Eurasia, and the Organization's activities are aimed at creating a system of collective security in Europe and Asia, - said Nikolai Bordyuzha, commenting on the goals creation of the CSTO for the press.

On September 5, at a summit in Moscow, the leaders of the member countries of the Collective Security Treaty Organization adopted a declaration in which they condemned Georgia for aggression, supported Russia's actions and advocated "ensuring lasting security for South Ossetia and Abkhazia." The CSTO countries warned NATO against expanding to the East and announced plans to strengthen the military component of the organization.

Like Shanghai Organization cooperation, the CSTO called for Russia's active role in promoting peace and cooperation in the region. However, the main thing - the joint recognition by the members of the Organization of the two Transcaucasian republics - did not happen.

The Russian President reiterated the need to strengthen the military component of the CSTO. Actually, there is nothing unusual in this, because the CSTO - military organization, created to protect member countries from external encroachments. There are also mutual obligations in case of an attack on one of the members of the organization. As Medvedev himself admitted, it was this topic that became the main one during his negotiations with his colleagues.

The main part of the document was devoted to the current situation in the world and the role of the CSTO itself in it. In the very first lines of the declaration, the leaders CSTO countries notify global community that from now on they are “determined to adhere to close coordination of foreign policy interaction, a line on progressive development military and military-technical cooperation, improvement of practice joint work For all questions". At the same time, declaring its firm intention to ensure security in its zone of responsibility, the G7 warned against encroachments on this zone, frankly making it clear how it would cooperate: “Serious conflict potential is accumulating in the immediate vicinity of the CSTO zone of responsibility. CSTO members call on NATO countries to weigh everything possible consequences expansion of the alliance to the East and deployment of new missile defense facilities near the borders of member states”.

Name:

Collective Security Treaty Organization, CSTO

Flag/Coat of Arms:

Status:

military-political union

Structural units:

Collective Security Council (CSC). The Council consists of the heads of member states. The Council considers the fundamental issues of the Organization's activities and makes decisions aimed at the implementation of its goals and objectives, as well as ensures coordination and joint activities of the Member States to achieve these goals.

Council of Foreign Ministers (CMFA) - advisory and executive agency Organizations for the coordination of interaction between member states in the field of foreign policy.

The Council of Defense Ministers (CMO) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization for coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of military policy, military construction and military-technical cooperation.

The Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils (CSSC) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization for coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of ensuring their national security.

The Secretary General of the Organization is the highest administrative officer of the Organization and manages the Secretariat of the Organization. Appointed by the decision of the CSC from among the citizens of the Member States and is accountable to the Council. Currently, he is Nikolai Bordyuzha.

The Secretariat of the Organization is a permanent working body of the Organization for the implementation of organizational, informational, analytical and advisory support for the activities of the Organization's bodies.

The CSTO Joint Headquarters is a permanent working body of the Organization and the CMO of the CSTO, responsible for preparing proposals and implementing decisions on the military component of the CSTO. From December 1, 2006, it is planned to assign to the joint headquarters the tasks performed by the command and the permanent task force of the headquarters of the collective forces.

Activity:

Ensuring security, integration of the armed forces

Official languages:

Participating countries:

Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

History:

On May 15, 1992, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed a Collective Security Treaty (CST) in Tashkent. Azerbaijan signed the agreement on September 24, 1993, Georgia - on September 9, 1993, Belarus - on December 31, 1993.

At the Moscow session of the Collective Security Treaty on May 14, 2002, a decision was made to transform the Collective Security Treaty Organization into a full-fledged international organization - the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). On October 7, 2002, the Charter and the Agreement on the Legal Status of the CSTO were signed in Chisinau, which were ratified by all CSTO member states and entered into force on September 18, 2003.

On December 2, 2004, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution granting the Collective Security Treaty Organization observer status in the UN General Assembly.

On August 16, 2006, a decision was signed in Sochi on the full accession (restoration of membership) of Uzbekistan to the CSTO.

On February 4, 2009, in Moscow, the leaders of the countries of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) approved the creation of the Collective Rapid Reaction Force. According to the signed document, the Collective Rapid Reaction Forces will be used to repel military aggression, carry out special operations to combat international terrorism and extremism, transnational organized crime, drug trafficking, as well as to eliminate the consequences of emergency situations.

On April 3, 2009, a representative of the CSTO secretariat stated that Iran could in the future receive the status of an observer country in the CSTO.

On June 14, 2009, a session of the Collective Security Council of States was held in Moscow, according to which the Collective Rapid Reaction Forces were to be created. However, Belarus refused to participate in the session due to the outbreak of the "milk war" with Russia, believing that without stopping the actions that undermine the foundations economic security partners, making decisions on other aspects of security is not possible. Nevertheless, the decision to establish the CRRF at the summit was taken by the other member countries, but it turned out to be illegitimate: in accordance with paragraph 1 of Rule 14 of the Rules of Procedure of the bodies of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, approved by the Decision of the Collective Security Council of the Collective Security Treaty Organization on documents, regulating the activities of the Collective Security Treaty Organization of June 18, 2004, the non-participation of a member country of the organization in the meetings of the Collective Security Council, the Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, the Council of Ministers of Defense, the Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils means the absence of the consent of the member country of the organization to the adoption of decisions considered by these bodies and, accordingly, the lack of consensus for making decisions in accordance with Rule 14. Thus, the documents considered on June 14 at the CSTO summit in Moscow cannot be considered adopted due to the lack of consensus. In addition to Belarus, the document on the CRRF was not signed by Uzbekistan either. At the summit in Moscow, the document was approved by five of the seven countries that make up the organization: Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.

October 2, 2009 news agencies, spread the news that the Republic of Belarus joined the agreement on the CRRF based on the statement of the President of the Republic of Belarus. All procedures for signing documents on the CRRF have now been completed. Nevertheless, already on October 6 it turned out that Belarus had not signed the agreement on the CRRF. In addition, Alexander Lukashenko refused to observe the final phase of the exercises of the CSTO rapid response forces, which took place on October 16, 2009 at the Matybulak training ground in Kazakhstan.

In June 2010, in connection with the situation in Kyrgyzstan, connected with the confrontation between the Kyrgyz and Uzbek diasporas, which actually led Kyrgyzstan to a state civil war, the Committee of Secretaries of the Security Councils was urgently convened. The KSSB was convened to resolve the issue of military assistance to Kyrgyzstan, which consisted in the introduction of parts of the CRRF into the country. This request was also addressed to the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev by the President transition period Kyrgyzstan Roza Otunbayeva. It should be noted that the president of Kyrgyzstan, Kurmanbek Bakiyev, made a similar call earlier. Then, after the CSTO refused to help resolve the situation in the CSTO member state, President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko sharply criticized this organization. . Meanwhile, the CSTO helped Kyrgyzstan: it organized the search for the instigators of the unrest and coordinated cooperation to suppress the activities of terrorist groups that actually influenced the situation from Afghanistan, the fight against the drug mafia operating in the south of Kyrgyzstan, control of all information sources operating in the south of the country. Some experts believe that the CSTO did the right thing by not sending the CRRF forces to Kyrgyzstan, since this would further aggravate the interethnic situation in the country.

June 28, 2012. Tashkent sent a note with a notice of suspension of Uzbekistan's membership in the CSTO.

TASS-DOSIER. Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) - international organization on security issues, in which six states are currently participating: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.

The Collective Security Treaty (CST) was signed on May 15, 1992 in Tashkent by the heads of Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. In 1993 Azerbaijan, Georgia and Belarus joined them. The agreement entered into force on April 20, 1994 for a period of five years. On April 2, 1999, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan refused to sign the protocol to extend its validity. Uzbekistan resumed membership in August 2006, and in December 2012 withdrew from the agreement.

On May 14, 2002 in Moscow, at the summit of the CST heads of state, a decision was made to form the Collective Security Treaty Organization. On October 7 of the same year, the heads of state signed the Charter and the Agreement on the legal status of the CSTO. Since 2004 the organization has an observer status at the UN General Assembly.

The supreme coordinating body of the CSTO is the secretariat headed by general secretary(since April 2003 - Nikolai Bordyuzha). Supreme political body is the Collective Security Council (CSC), which includes the presidents of the States parties to the Treaty. Between sessions of the CSC, it is headed by the president of the country chairing the CSTO this year. In 2014, the chairmanship in the statutory bodies of the CSTO was carried out by Russia, in 2015 - by Tajikistan. On September 15, 2015, at the end of the CSTO summit in Dushanbe, the chairmanship for 2016 passed to Armenia.

The goal of the CSTO is to repel threats to security and stability, to protect territorial integrity and sovereignty of member states, without interfering in their internal affairs. The CSTO collective security system includes the Collective Rapid Reaction Forces (CRRF; 19.5 thousand people), peacekeeping forces(4 thousand people), as well as regional groupings of forces and means of collective security: Collective Rapid Deployment Forces in Central Asia (CRRF CAR; 4.5 thousand people), Eastern European (Russia and Belarus) and Caucasian (Russia and Armenia) groups . At present, the collective aviation forces of the CSTO and the forces special purpose. All these structures are included in the composition of the unified troops of the CSTO - the Collective Forces, the decision to create which was made on December 19, 2012 by the heads of state of the organization at the regular session of the CSC.

According to the statement of the heads - participants of the organization on May 24, 2000, military-political relations between the states of the Collective Security Treaty are of a priority nature in comparison with military relations and contacts with countries that have not signed the treaty.

On December 20, 2011, a protocol was signed according to which military bases of countries that are not members of the organization can be located on the territories of the CSTO states only with the consent of all partners in the bloc. Aggression against one of the states of the organization is regarded as aggression against all states parties to the Treaty.

As part of military cooperation, the CSTO states conduct annual large-scale exercises. So, since 2004, joint command and staff exercises "Frontier" have been held. In June 2010, the first exercises of the special forces of the organization "Cobalt-2010" were held, in October - the first joint complex exercises of the CSTO "Interaction-2010", in which the command and military forces of the CRRF were involved. In October 2012, the first peacekeeping exercises of the Indestructible Brotherhood-2012 organization took place at three training grounds in Kazakhstan.

The organization has significant experience in combating drug trafficking and illegal migration. Since 2003, the CSTO has been conducting the Canal anti-drug operation on a regular basis; since 2006 - operation "Illegal" to combat illegal migration, including human trafficking; since 2009 - operation "PROXY" to combat crime in the field information technologies. The organization is working to create a unified mechanism for responding to natural and man-made emergencies.

Since 2000, a mechanism for military-technical cooperation has been in place, which provides for the supply of military products for the allied armed forces on the basis of preferential prices. On December 10, 2010, an agreement was signed on the creation in the CSTO of interstate scientific and production associations for the production of military products. Joint training is being carried out on a gratuitous and preferential basis for personnel for the armed forces and law enforcement agencies of the Member States.

Under the CSTO Interstate Commission on military-economic cooperation, coordinating councils of the heads of the competent authorities on combating drug trafficking and on combating illegal migration, as well as the coordinating council on emergencies. A decision was made to establish a Cyber Threat Countermeasures Center.