Who wrote about the CSTO this year? Decryption of the CSTO. composition of the CSTO Information work and interparliamentary cooperation

TASS DOSSIER. Organization of the Treaty on collective security(CSTO) is an international security organization whose members are currently six states: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.

The Collective Security Treaty (CST) was signed on May 15, 1992 in Tashkent by the heads of Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. In 1993, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Belarus joined them. The agreement came into force on April 20, 1994 for a period of five years. On April 2, 1999, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan refused to sign the protocol on extending its validity. Uzbekistan resumed membership in August 2006 and withdrew from the treaty in December 2012.

On May 14, 2002, at a summit in Moscow, the heads of state of the Collective Security Treaty Organization decided to form the Collective Security Treaty Organization. On October 7 of the same year, the heads of state signed the Charter and Agreement on legal status CSTO. Since 2004, the organization has observer status at the UN General Assembly.

The highest coordinating body of the CSTO is the secretariat headed by general secretary(since April 2003 - Nikolai Bordyuzha). Supreme political body is the Collective Security Council (CSC), which includes the presidents of the states parties to the Treaty. In the period between sessions of the CSC, it is headed by the president of the country presiding over the CSTO this year. In 2014, the chairmanship of the CSTO statutory bodies was carried out by Russia, in 2015 - by Tajikistan. On September 15, 2015, at the end of the CSTO summit in Dushanbe, the chairmanship for 2016 passed to Armenia.

The goal of the CSTO is to repel threats to security and stability, to protect territorial integrity and the sovereignty of member states, without interference in their internal affairs. Into the collective system CSTO security includes the Collective Rapid Reaction Force (CRRF; 19.5 thousand people), peacekeeping forces (4 thousand people), as well as regional groupings of collective security forces and means: Collective Rapid Deployment Forces in Central Asia(CRBR CAR; 4.5 thousand people), Eastern European (Russia and Belarus) and Caucasian (Russia and Armenia) groups. Currently, collective aviation forces of the CSTO and forces are being created special purpose. All these structures are included in the CSTO united forces - the Collective Forces, the decision to create which was made on December 19, 2012 by the heads of state of the organization at the next session of the CSC.

According to the statement of the heads of the organization's participants dated May 24, 2000, military-political relations between the CST states take priority over military ties and contacts with countries that have not signed the treaty.

On December 20, 2011, a protocol was signed according to which military bases of countries not members of the organization can be located on the territories of the CSTO states only with the consent of all partners in the bloc. Aggression against one of the states of the organization is considered as aggression against all states parties to the Treaty.

As part of military cooperation, the CSTO states conduct annual large-scale exercises. Thus, since 2004, joint command and staff exercises “Rubezh” have been held. In June 2010, the first exercises of the special forces of the organization "Cobalt-2010" took place, in October - the first joint complex exercises of the CSTO "Interaction-2010", in which the command and military forces of the CRRF were involved. In October 2012, the first peacekeeping exercises of the organization “Indestructible Brotherhood 2012” took place at three training grounds in Kazakhstan.

The organization has significant experience in combating drug trafficking and illegal migration. Since 2003, the CSTO has regularly carried out the anti-drug operation “Channel”; since 2006 - Operation Illegal to combat illegal migration, including human trafficking; since 2009 - operation "PROXY" to combat crime in the field information technology. The organization is working to create a unified mechanism for responding to natural and man-made emergencies.

Since 2000, a mechanism for military-technical cooperation has been in place, which provides for the supply of military products to the allied armed forces on the basis of preferential prices. On December 10, 2010, an agreement was signed on the creation of interstate research and production associations in the CSTO for the production of military products. Joint training is being carried out on a free and preferential basis for personnel for the armed forces and security forces of the member states.

Under the CSTO they operate Interstate Commission on military-economic cooperation, coordinating councils of heads of competent authorities for combating drug trafficking and combating illegal migration, as well as a coordinating council for emergency situations. A decision was made to create a Cyber Threat Countermeasures Center.

MEDIA RELEASE

The anniversary of the Victory became the main political background in the work of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) last year. The presidents of the allied states took part in the parade and held an informal meeting on the sidelines of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War May 9 in Moscow, thereby emphasizing that Victory over fascism is a common conquest of peoples former USSR. At a meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers (CMFA) of the CSTO on April 2 this year. a joint statement “On the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War” was adopted, which became the basis for general actions on international platforms, incl. at the UN and OSCE. Historical, cultural and military-patriotic events dedicated to the Victory Anniversary were held in all member states - Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Russia.

Work continued to strengthen the military CSTO potential in conditions of growing instability and complications of the military-political situation in the world. The main efforts were focused on the formation of the CSTO Troops (Collective Forces), traditional military exercises “Interaction - 2015” were held, as well as exercises Peacekeeping forces CSTO on the territory of the Republic of Armenia “Indestructible Brotherhood - 2015”. A qualitatively new moment was a sudden check of the readiness of military contingents of the CSTO Collective Rapid Reaction Force (CSTO CRRF) in May of this year, during which military contingents of all member states were transferred to the Republic of Tajikistan to carry out combat training missions near the Tajik-Afghan border .

Military-economic and military-technical cooperation between member states was strengthened, incl. The Program of Military-Economic Cooperation until 2017 and the future was agreed upon.

Due to the worsening terrorist threat, the fight against international terrorism and extremism has come to the fore in CSTO activities. At the meeting of the CSTO Special Design Bureau in Moscow on December 21 this year. The presidents adopted a joint Statement on Countering International Terrorism, in which they spoke in favor of creating a broad international coalition to combat ISIS and other terrorist organizations.

Substantive work to curb the threats of terrorism and extremism, drug trafficking, and illegal migration was undertaken through the Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils. In particular, measures were considered to counter the recruitment and departure of citizens of CSTO member states to participate in armed conflicts on the side of international terrorist organizations, as well as their subsequent return to prevent terrorist activities.

In 2015, the anti-drug operation “Channel”, the operation to combat illegal migration “Illegal-2015”, as well as the operation to counter crimes in the information sphere “PROXY” were carried out. Work continued aimed at the formation and development of a system of joint training of personnel for law enforcement, fire and emergency rescue agencies of the CSTO member states.

In order to improve coordination of work Russian ministries and departments by Order of the President of Russia in August of this year. Interdepartmental working group to ensure participation Russian Federation in the CSTO.

At the session of the CSTO Special Security Council in December this year. in Moscow, the heads of state separately considered the issue of reforming the Secretariat and the Joint Headquarters of the CSTO. A decision was made to rotate officials of the permanent working bodies of the CSTO. During 2016, additional reform proposals will be prepared, primarily affecting the activities of the military component of the CSTO. N.N. Bordyuzha was extended in the post of Secretary General of the Organization until December 31, 2016.

Foreign policy coordination of the CSTO member states has also seen a significant increase this year. Three meetings of the Council of Foreign Ministers and two working meetings at the ministerial level were held on the sidelines of the 70th session of the UN General Assembly and the OSCE Ministerial Council in Belgrade. Coordination meetings of permanent representatives to international organizations, ambassadors of member states in third countries, and consultations of delegations at international forums have become regular. In 2015, eight joint statements were made, as well as several joint speeches at various international venues.

The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) is a military-political alliance created by the former Soviet republics based on the Collective Security Treaty (CST), signed on May 15, 1992. The contract is renewed automatically every five years.

CSTO members

On May 15, 1992, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan signed a collective security treaty (CST) in Tashkent. Azerbaijan signed the agreement on September 24, 1993, Georgia - on September 9, 1993, Belarus - on December 31, 1993.

The agreement entered into force on April 20, 1994. The contract was for 5 years and could be extended. On April 2, 1999, the presidents of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan signed a protocol to extend the treaty for the next five-year period, but Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan refused to extend the treaty, and in the same year Uzbekistan joined GUUAM.

At the Moscow session of the CST on May 14, 2002, a decision was made to transform the CST into a full-fledged international organization— Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). On October 7, 2002, the Charter and Agreement on the legal status of the CSTO were signed in Chisinau, which were ratified by all CSTO member states and entered into force on September 18, 2003.

On August 16, 2006, a decision was signed in Sochi on the full accession (restoration of membership) of Uzbekistan to the CSTO.

Russia in lately connects high hopes with this organization, hoping with its help to strengthen its strategic positions in Central Asia. Russia considers this region a zone of its own strategic interests.

At the same time, the US Manas air base is located here on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, and Kyrgyzstan does not intend to do anything to close it. Tajikistan at the beginning of 2006 agreed to a significant build-up of the French military group located on its territory, operating as part of coalition forces in Afghanistan.

To strengthen positions CSTO Russia proposes to reform the collective rapid deployment forces of the Central Asian region. These forces consist of ten battalions: three each from Russia and Tajikistan, two each from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Total number personnel of the collective forces - about 4 thousand people. The aviation component (10 aircraft and 14 helicopters) is located at the Russian Kant airbase in Kyrgyzstan.

A proposal to expand the scope of activities of collective forces is being considered - in particular, it is planned to use them in Afghanistan.

In connection with Uzbekistan’s accession to the CSTO, it is noted that back in 2005, the Uzbek authorities came up with a project to create international “anti-revolutionary” punitive forces in the post-Soviet space within the CSTO. In preparation for joining this organization, Uzbekistan has prepared a package of proposals for its improvement, including the creation within its framework of intelligence and counterintelligence structures, as well as the development of mechanisms that would allow the CSTO to provide internal security guarantees to the Central Asian states.

Heads the organization general secretary. Since 2003, this has been Nikolai Bordyuzha. As is usual now, he comes from the “authorities”, a colonel general of the border troops. For the last couple of years before the collapse of the USSR, he worked as head of the KGB personnel department. After 1991, he commanded the border troops, and for a short time was the head of the presidential administration under Boris Yeltsin, and secretary of the Security Council. In short, an experienced comrade.

All members of the G7, with the possible exception of Kazakhstan, are in strong political, economic and military dependence on Moscow and need its diplomatic cover.

- CSTO objectives are directly interconnected with integration processes in the post-Soviet space, and this relationship is growing stronger. The advancement of military-political integration in the CSTO format contributes to the deployment of integration processes, actually forms the “integration core” in the CIS, and contributes to the optimal “division of labor” in the Commonwealth. Regarding the place and role of the CSTO in Eurasian Union, if one is formed, they can be very significant, since the Organization’s area of responsibility covers vast spaces of Eurasia, and the Organization’s activities are aimed at creating a system of collective security in Europe and Asia, - said Nikolai Bordyuzha, commenting on the goals creation of the CSTO for the press.

On September 5, at a summit in Moscow, the leaders of the member countries of the Collective Security Treaty Organization adopted a declaration in which they condemned Georgia for aggression, supported Russia’s actions and advocated “for ensuring lasting security for South Ossetia and Abkhazia.” The CSTO countries warned NATO against expanding to the East and announced plans to strengthen the military component of the organization.

Like Shanghai organization cooperation, the CSTO spoke in favor of Russia’s active role in promoting peace and cooperation in the region. However, the main thing - joint recognition of the two Transcaucasian republics by members of the Organization - did not happen.

The Russian President once again stated the need to strengthen the military component of the CSTO. Actually, there is nothing unusual in this, because the CSTO is military organization, created to protect participating countries from external attacks. There are also mutual obligations in case of an attack on one of the organization's members. As Medvedev himself admitted, this was the main topic during his negotiations with his colleagues.

The main part of the document was devoted to the current situation in the world and the role of the CSTO itself in it. In the very first lines of the declaration, the leaders CSTO countries notify world community that from now on they are “determined to adhere to close coordination of foreign policy interaction, a line on progressive development military and military-technical cooperation, improvement of practice collaboration on all issues." At the same time, declaring their firm intention to ensure security in the area of their responsibility, the G7 warned against encroachments on this area, frankly making it clear how it would cooperate: “Serious conflict potential is accumulating in the immediate vicinity of the CSTO area of responsibility. CSTO members call on NATO countries to weigh everything possible consequences expanding the alliance to the East and placing new missile defense facilities near the borders of member states.”

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Name:

Organization of the Collective Security Treaty, CSTO

Flag/Coat of Arms:

Status:

military-political union

Structural divisions:

Collective Security Council (CSC). The Council is composed of heads of member states. The Council considers fundamental issues of the Organization's activities and makes decisions aimed at achieving its goals and objectives, and also ensures coordination and joint activities of member states to achieve these goals.

Council of Foreign Ministers (CMFA) - advisory and executive body Organizations for coordination of interaction between member states in the field of foreign policy.

The Council of Defense Ministers (CMD) is the Organization's advisory and executive body on issues of coordinating the interaction of member states in the field military policy, military construction and military-technical cooperation.

The Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils (CSSC) is an advisory and executive body of the Organization on issues of coordinating the interaction of member states in the field of ensuring their national security.

The Secretary General of the Organization is the highest administrative official of the Organization and manages the Secretariat of the Organization. Appointed by decision of the SSC from among the citizens of the member states and is accountable to the Council. Currently, he is Nikolai Bordyuzha.

The Secretariat of the Organization is a permanent working body of the Organization for the implementation of organizational, informational, analytical and advisory support for the activities of the bodies of the Organization.

The CSTO Joint Headquarters is a permanent working body of the Organization and the CSTO Council of Defense, responsible for preparing proposals and implementing decisions on the military component of the CSTO. From December 1, 2006, it is planned to assign to the joint headquarters the tasks performed by the command and the permanent operational group of the collective forces headquarters.

Activity:

Ensuring security, integration of armed forces

Official languages:

Participating countries:

Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

Story:

The agreement entered into force on April 20, 1994. The contract was for 5 years and could be extended. On April 2, 1999, the presidents of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan signed a protocol to extend the agreement for the next five-year period, but Azerbaijan, Georgia and Uzbekistan refused to extend the agreement, and in the same year Uzbekistan joined GUAM.

At the Moscow session of the CST on May 14, 2002, a decision was made to transform the CST into a full-fledged international organization - the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). On October 7, 2002, the Charter and Agreement on the legal status of the CSTO were signed in Chisinau, which were ratified by all CSTO member states and entered into force on September 18, 2003.

On December 2, 2004, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution granting the Collective Security Treaty Organization observer status in the UN General Assembly.

On August 16, 2006, a decision was signed in Sochi on the full accession (restoration of membership) of Uzbekistan to the CSTO.

On February 4, 2009, in Moscow, the leaders of the countries of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) approved the creation of the Collective Rapid Reaction Force. According to the signed document, the Collective Rapid Reaction Forces will be used to repel military aggression, conduct special operations to combat international terrorism and extremism, transnational organized crime, drug trafficking, as well as to eliminate the consequences of emergency situations.

On April 3, 2009, a representative of the CSTO secretariat stated that Iran could in the future receive the status of an observer country in the CSTO.

On June 14, 2009, a session of the Collective Security Council of States was held in Moscow, by decision of which the Collective Rapid Reaction Forces were to be created. However, Belarus refused to participate in the session due to the outbreak of a “milk war” with Russia, considering that without stopping actions that undermine the foundations economic security partners, making decisions on other security aspects is not possible. Nevertheless, the decision to create the CRRF at the summit was made by the remaining member countries, but it turned out to be illegitimate: in accordance with paragraph 1 of Rule 14 of the Rules of Procedure of the bodies of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, approved by the Decision of the Collective Security Council of the Collective Security Treaty Organization on documents, regulating the activities of the Collective Security Treaty Organization of June 18, 2004, the non-participation of a member country of the organization in meetings of the Collective Security Council, the Council of Foreign Ministers, the Council of Defense Ministers, the Committee of Secretaries of Security Councils means the lack of consent of the member country of the organization to the adoption of decisions considered by these bodies and, accordingly, the lack of consensus for making decisions in accordance with Rule 14. Thus, the documents considered on June 14 at the CSTO summit in Moscow cannot be considered adopted due to the lack of consensus. In addition to Belarus, the document on CRRF was not signed by Uzbekistan. At the summit in Moscow, the document was approved by five of the seven countries included in the organization: Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.

October 2, 2009 news agencies, spread the news that the Republic of Belarus has joined the agreement on the CRRF based on a statement by the President of the Republic of Belarus. All procedures for signing documents on the CRRF have now been completed. However, already on October 6 it became clear that Belarus had not signed the agreement on the CRRF. In addition, Alexander Lukashenko refused to observe the final phase of the CSTO rapid reaction force exercises, which took place on October 16, 2009 at the Matybulak training ground in Kazakhstan.

In June 2010, in connection with the situation in Kyrgyzstan associated with the confrontation between the Kyrgyz and Uzbek diasporas, which actually led Kyrgyzstan to the state civil war, the Committee of Security Council Secretaries was urgently convened. The KSSF was convened to resolve the issue of military assistance to Kyrgyzstan, which consisted in the introduction of CRRF units into the country. The President of the Russian Federation also addressed this request to the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev transition period Kyrgyzstan Roza Otunbaeva. It should be noted that the President of Kyrgyzstan Kurmanbek Bakiev previously made a similar call. Then, after the CSTO refused to assist in resolving the situation in a CSTO member state, the President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko sharply criticized this organization. . Meanwhile, the CSTO helped Kyrgyzstan: organized the search for the instigators of the riots and coordinated cooperation to suppress the activities of terrorist groups that actually influenced the situation from Afghanistan, the fight against the drug mafia operating in the south of Kyrgyzstan, control of all information sources working in the south of the country. Some experts believe that the CSTO did the right thing in not sending CRRF forces to Kyrgyzstan, as this would have further aggravated the interethnic situation in the country.

June 28, 2012. Tashkent sent a note notifying the suspension of Uzbekistan’s membership in the CSTO.